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Gabriel JP, Horstmann R, Tress M. Local and global expansivity in water. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:234502. [PMID: 38884401 DOI: 10.1063/5.0203924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The supra-molecular structure of a liquid is strongly connected to its dynamics, which in turn control macroscopic properties such as viscosity. Consequently, detailed knowledge about how this structure changes with temperature is essential to understand the thermal evolution of the dynamics ranging from the liquid to the glass. Here, we combine infrared spectroscopy (IR) measurements of the hydrogen (H) bond stretching vibration of water with molecular dynamics simulations and employ a quantitative analysis to extract the inter-molecular H-bond length in a wide temperature range of the liquid. The extracted expansivity of this H-bond differs strongly from that of the average nearest neighbor distance of oxygen atoms obtained through a common conversion of mass density. However, both properties can be connected through a simple model based on a random loose packing of spheres with a variable coordination number, which demonstrates the relevance of supra-molecular arrangement. Furthermore, the exclusion of the expansivity of the inter-molecular H-bonds reveals that the most compact molecular arrangement is formed in the range of ∼316-331K (i.e., above the density maximum) close to the temperature of several pressure-related anomalies, which indicates a characteristic point in the supra-molecular arrangement. These results confirm our earlier approach to deduce inter-molecular H-bond lengths via IR in polyalcohols [Gabriel et al. J. Chem. Phys. 154, 024503 (2021)] quantitatively and open a new alley to investigate the role of inter-molecular expansion as a precursor of molecular fluctuations on a bond-specific level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Philipp Gabriel
- Institute of Materials Physics in Space, German Aerospace Center, 51170 Köln, Germany
| | - Robin Horstmann
- Institute for Condensed Matter Physics, Technical University Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Martin Tress
- Peter Debye Institute for Soft Matter Research, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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2
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Eltareb A, Lopez GE, Giovambattista N. The Importance of Nuclear Quantum Effects on the Thermodynamic and Structural Properties of Low-Density Amorphous Ice: A Comparison with Hexagonal Ice. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:4633-4645. [PMID: 37178124 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c01025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
We study the nuclear quantum effects (NQE) on the thermodynamic properties of low-density amorphous ice (LDA) and hexagonal ice (Ih) at P = 0.1 MPa and T ≥ 25 K. Our results are based on path-integral molecular dynamics (PIMD) and classical MD simulations of H2O and D2O using the q-TIP4P/F water model. We show that the inclusion of NQE is necessary to reproduce the experimental properties of LDA and ice Ih. While MD simulations (no NQE) predict that the density ρ(T) of LDA and ice Ih increases monotonically upon cooling, PIMD simulations indicate the presence of a density maximum in LDA and ice Ih. MD and PIMD simulations also predict a qualitatively different T-dependence for the thermal expansion coefficient αP(T) and bulk modulus B(T) of both LDA and ice Ih. Remarkably, the ρ(T), αP(T), and B(T) of LDA are practically identical to those of ice Ih. The origin of the observed NQE is due to the delocalization of the H atoms, which is identical in LDA and ice Ih. H atoms delocalize considerably (over a distance ≈ 20-25% of the OH covalent-bond length) and anisotropically (preferentially perpendicular to the OH covalent bond), leading to less linear hydrogen bonds HB (larger HOO angles and longer OO separations) than observed in classical MD simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Eltareb
- Department of Physics, Brooklyn College of the City University of New York, Brooklyn, New York 11210, United States
- Ph.D. Program in Physics, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Gustavo E Lopez
- Department of Chemistry, Lehman College of the City University of New York, Bronx, New York 10468, United States
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Nicolas Giovambattista
- Department of Physics, Brooklyn College of the City University of New York, Brooklyn, New York 11210, United States
- Ph.D. Program in Physics, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York 10016, United States
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York 10016, United States
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3
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Lovi JM, Sen S. Effects of the 10B/ 11B isotopic substitution on shear relaxation in supercooled B 2O 3 liquid: A validation of the elastic model of viscous flow. J Chem Phys 2023; 158:141103. [PMID: 37061470 DOI: 10.1063/5.0147333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of atomic mass in terms of its zero-point vibrational energy, on molar volume, glass transition temperature Tg, and viscosity are studied in glassy and supercooled B2O3 liquids using boron isotope substitutions. The molar volume decreases and Tg and isothermal viscosity increase on the substitution of lighter 10B isotopes with the heavier 11B isotopes. These effects are argued to be a manifestation of the higher zero-point vibrational energy of the lighter isotope, which along with the anharmonicity of the potential well, results in a longer equilibrium inter-atomic distance and larger mean-square displacement with respect to that for the heavier isotope. The isotope effect on viscosity is increasingly enhanced as the temperature approaches Tg, which is shown to be consistent with the prediction of the elastic models of viscous flow and shear relaxation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob M Lovi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California at Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Sabyasachi Sen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California at Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA
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4
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Krishnan G, Harbola U. Quantum uncertainty effects in the dynamics of supercooled liquids: A molecular dynamics study. Phys Rev E 2022; 106:064604. [PMID: 36671091 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.106.064604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Dynamics of density fluctuations in quantum supercooled liquids is analyzed using molecular dynamics simulations. In contrast to the classical case, the uncertainty in the particle position (delocalization of quantum particle in space) leads to significant differences in the dynamics of quantum liquids, both in the short- and long-time limits. The effect of uncertainty is found to be significant for length scales smaller than the uncertainty itself, and diminishes as the length scale grows. The dynamic heterogeneity of the system at short times is enhanced due to uncertainty. In the intermediate (β-relaxation) time regime, the heterogeneity tends to get suppressed due to quantum uncertainty. The probability distribution of particle displacements shows highly nonclassical behavior with double-peak structure at short timescales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopika Krishnan
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Upendra Harbola
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
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5
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Novikov VN, Sokolov AP. Temperature Dependence of Structural Relaxation in Glass-Forming Liquids and Polymers. ENTROPY (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 24:1101. [PMID: 36010765 PMCID: PMC9407199 DOI: 10.3390/e24081101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the microscopic mechanism of the transition of glass remains one of the most challenging topics in Condensed Matter Physics. What controls the sharp slowing down of molecular motion upon approaching the glass transition temperature Tg, whether there is an underlying thermodynamic transition at some finite temperature below Tg, what the role of cooperativity and heterogeneity are, and many other questions continue to be topics of active discussions. This review focuses on the mechanisms that control the steepness of the temperature dependence of structural relaxation (fragility) in glass-forming liquids. We present a brief overview of the basic theoretical models and their experimental tests, analyzing their predictions for fragility and emphasizing the successes and failures of the models. Special attention is focused on the connection of fast dynamics on picosecond time scales to the behavior of structural relaxation on much longer time scales. A separate section discusses the specific case of polymeric glass-forming liquids, which usually have extremely high fragility. We emphasize the apparent difference between the glass transitions in polymers and small molecules. We also discuss the possible role of quantum effects in the glass transition of light molecules and highlight the recent discovery of the unusually low fragility of water. At the end, we formulate the major challenges and questions remaining in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir N. Novikov
- Institute of Automation and Electrometry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Alexei P. Sokolov
- Department of Chemistry and Joint Institute for Neutron Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
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6
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Ahlmann S, Hoffmann L, Keppler M, Münzner P, Tonauer CM, Loerting T, Gainaru C, Böhmer R. Isotope effects on the dynamics of amorphous ices and aqueous phosphoric acid solutions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:14846-14856. [PMID: 35697341 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp01455f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The glass transitions of amorphous ices as well as of aqueous phosphoric acid solutions were reported to display very large 1H/2H isotope effects. Using dielectric spectroscopy, in both types of glassformers for equimolar protonated/deuterated mixtures an almost ideal isotope-mixing behavior rather than a bimodal relaxation is found. For the amorphous ices this finding is interpreted in terms of a glass-to-liquid rather than an orientational glass transition scenario. Based on calorimetric results revealing that major 16O/18O isotope effects are missing, the latter scenario was previously favored for the amorphous ices. Considering the dielectric results on 18O substituted amorphous ices and by comparison with corresponding results for the aqueous phosphoric acid solutions, it is argued that the present findings are compatible with the glass-to-liquid scenario. To provide additional information regarding the deeply supercooled state of 1H/2H isotopically mixed and 18O substituted glassformers, the aqueous phosphoric acid solutions are studied using shear mechanical spectroscopy as well, a technique which so far could not successfully be applied to characterize the glass transitions of the amorphous ices.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ahlmann
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - L Hoffmann
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - M Keppler
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - P Münzner
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - C M Tonauer
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - T Loerting
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - C Gainaru
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44221 Dortmund, Germany.,Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - R Böhmer
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
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7
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Eltareb A, Lopez GE, Giovambattista N. Nuclear quantum effects on the dynamics and glass behavior of a monatomic liquid with two liquid states. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:204502. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0087680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We perform path integral molecular dynamics (PIMD) simulations of a monatomic liquid that exhibits a liquid–liquid phase transition and liquid–liquid critical point. PIMD simulations are performed using different values of Planck’s constant h, allowing us to study the behavior of the liquid as nuclear quantum effects (NQE, i.e., atoms delocalization) are introduced, from the classical liquid ( h = 0) to increasingly quantum liquids ( h > 0). By combining the PIMD simulations with the ring-polymer molecular dynamics method, we also explore the dynamics of the classical and quantum liquids. We find that (i) the glass transition temperature of the low-density liquid (LDL) is anomalous, i.e., [Formula: see text] decreases upon compression. Instead, (ii) the glass transition temperature of the high-density liquid (HDL) is normal, i.e., [Formula: see text] increases upon compression. (iii) NQE shift both [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] toward lower temperatures, but NQE are more pronounced on HDL. We also study the glass behavior of the ring-polymer systems associated with the quantum liquids studied (via the path-integral formulation of statistical mechanics). There are two glass states in all the systems studied, low-density amorphous ice (LDA) and high-density amorphous ice (HDA), which are the glass counterparts of LDL and HDL. In all cases, the pressure-induced LDA–HDA transformation is sharp, reminiscent of a first-order phase transition. In the low-quantum regime, the LDA–HDA transformation is reversible, with identical LDA forms before compression and after decompression. However, in the high-quantum regime, the atoms become more delocalized in the final LDA than in the initial LDA, raising questions on the reversibility of the LDA–HDA transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Eltareb
- Department of Physics, Brooklyn College of the City University of New York, Brooklyn, New York 11210, USA
- PhD Program in Physics, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York 10016, USA
| | - Gustavo E. Lopez
- Department of Chemistry, Lehman College of the City University of New York, Bronx, New York 10468, USA
- PhD Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York 10016, USA
| | - Nicolas Giovambattista
- Department of Physics, Brooklyn College of the City University of New York, Brooklyn, New York 11210, USA
- PhD Program in Physics, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York 10016, USA
- PhD Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York 10016, USA
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8
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Interplay of vitrification and ice formation in a cryoprotectant aqueous solution at low temperature. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2112248119. [PMID: 35302891 PMCID: PMC8944663 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2112248119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Studying water crystallization at low temperature and the lower limit of ice formation is crucial both for a fundamental understanding of water and for practical reasons such as cryopreservation. By taking advantage of the polarized neutron scattering technique and by considering a nanosegregated water–glycerol solution, we are able to characterize the key parameters of ice formation at temperatures near and below the calorimetric glass transition of the solution and provide a general rule for estimating the lower temperature limit of water crystallization in a broad range of aqueous solutions. We also show that nanosegregated water in the glassy solution at low temperature is not in a high-density form but in a low-density one. The proneness of water to crystallize is a major obstacle to understanding its putative exotic behavior in the supercooled state. It also represents a strong practical limitation to cryopreservation of biological systems. Adding some concentration of glycerol, which has a cryoprotective effect preventing, to some degree, water crystallization, has been proposed as a possible way out, provided the concentration is small enough for water to retain some of its bulk character and/or for limiting the damage caused by glycerol on living organisms. Contrary to previous expectations, we show that, in the “marginal” glycerol molar concentration ≈ 18%, at which vitrification is possible with no crystallization on rapid cooling, water crystallizes upon isothermal annealing even below the calorimetric glass transition of the solution. Through a time-resolved polarized neutron scattering investigation, we extract key parameters, size and shape of the ice crystallites, fraction of water that crystallizes, and crystallization time, which are important for cryoprotection, as a function of the annealing temperature. We also characterize the nature of the out-of-equilibrium liquid phases that are present at low temperature, providing more arguments against the presence of an isocompositional liquid–liquid transition. Finally, we propose a rule of thumb to estimate the lower temperature limit below which water crystallization does not occur in aqueous solutions.
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9
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Kringle L, Thornley WA, Kay BD, Kimmel GA. Isotope effects on the structural transformation and relaxation of deeply supercooled water. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:084501. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0078796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We have examined the structure of supercooled liquid D2O as a function of temperature between 185 and 255 K using pulsed laser heating to rapidly heat and cool the sample on a nanosecond timescale. The liquid structure can be represented as a linear combination of two structural motifs, with a transition between them described by a logistic function centered at 218 K with a width of 10 K. The relaxation to a metastable state, which occurred prior to crystallization, exhibited nonexponential kinetics with a rate that was dependent on the initial structural configuration. When the temperature is scaled by the temperature of maximum density, which is an isostructural point of the isotopologues, the structural transition and the non-equilibrium relaxation kinetics of D2O agree remarkably well with those for H2O.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loni Kringle
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
| | - Wyatt A. Thornley
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
| | - Bruce D. Kay
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
| | - Greg A. Kimmel
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
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10
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Hoffmann L, Beerwerth J, Adjei-Körner M, Fuentes-Landete V, Tonauer CM, Loerting T, Böhmer R. Oxygen NMR of high-density and low-density amorphous ice. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:084503. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0080333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Using oxygen-17 as a nuclear probe, spin relaxometry was applied to study the high-density and low-density states of amorphous ice, covering temperatures below and somewhat above their glass transitions. These findings are put in perspective with results from deuteron nuclear magnetic resonance and with calculations based on dielectrically detected correlation times. This comparison reveals the presence of a wide distribution of correlation times. Furthermore, oxygen-17 central-transition echo spectra were recorded for wide ranges of temperature and pulse spacing. The spectra cannot be described by a single set of quadrupolar parameters, suggesting a distribution of H–O–H opening angles that is broader for high-density than for low-density amorphous ice. Simulations of the pulse separation dependent spin-echo spectra for various scenarios demonstrate that a small-step frequency diffusion process, assigned to the presence of homonuclear oxygen–oxygen interactions, determines the shape evolution of the pulse-separation-dependent spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Hoffmann
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Joachim Beerwerth
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | | | - Violeta Fuentes-Landete
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christina M. Tonauer
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Thomas Loerting
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Roland Böhmer
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
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11
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Gallo P, Bachler J, Bove LE, Böhmer R, Camisasca G, Coronas LE, Corti HR, de Almeida Ribeiro I, de Koning M, Franzese G, Fuentes-Landete V, Gainaru C, Loerting T, de Oca JMM, Poole PH, Rovere M, Sciortino F, Tonauer CM, Appignanesi GA. Advances in the study of supercooled water. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. E, SOFT MATTER 2021; 44:143. [PMID: 34825973 DOI: 10.1140/epje/s10189-021-00139-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this review, we report recent progress in the field of supercooled water. Due to its uniqueness, water presents numerous anomalies with respect to most simple liquids, showing polyamorphism both in the liquid and in the glassy state. We first describe the thermodynamic scenarios hypothesized for the supercooled region and in particular among them the liquid-liquid critical point scenario that has so far received more experimental evidence. We then review the most recent structural indicators, the two-state model picture of water, and the importance of cooperative effects related to the fact that water is a hydrogen-bonded network liquid. We show throughout the review that water's peculiar properties come into play also when water is in solution, confined, and close to biological molecules. Concerning dynamics, upon mild supercooling water behaves as a fragile glass former following the mode coupling theory, and it turns into a strong glass former upon further cooling. Connections between the slow dynamics and the thermodynamics are discussed. The translational relaxation times of density fluctuations show in fact the fragile-to-strong crossover connected to the thermodynamics arising from the existence of two liquids. When considering also rotations, additional crossovers come to play. Mobility-viscosity decoupling is also discussed in supercooled water and aqueous solutions. Finally, the polyamorphism of glassy water is considered through experimental and simulation results both in bulk and in salty aqueous solutions. Grains and grain boundaries are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Gallo
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica, Università degli Studi Roma Tre, Via della Vasca Navale 84, 00146, Roma, Italy.
| | - Johannes Bachler
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, A-6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Livia E Bove
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale A. Moro 5, 00185, Roma, Italy
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR 7590, IMPMC, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Roland Böhmer
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44221, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Gaia Camisasca
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica, Università degli Studi Roma Tre, Via della Vasca Navale 84, 00146, Roma, Italy
| | - Luis E Coronas
- Secció de Física Estadística i Interdisciplinària-Departament de Física de la Matèria Condensada, Universitat de Barcelona, & Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Universitat de Barcelona, C. Martí i Franquès 1, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Horacio R Corti
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Centro Atómico Constituyentes, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, B1650LWP, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ingrid de Almeida Ribeiro
- Instituto de Física "Gleb Wataghin", Universidade Estadual de Campinas, UNICAMP, 13083-859, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maurice de Koning
- Instituto de Física "Gleb Wataghin", Universidade Estadual de Campinas, UNICAMP, 13083-859, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
- Center for Computing in Engineering & Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, UNICAMP, 13083-861, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giancarlo Franzese
- Secció de Física Estadística i Interdisciplinària-Departament de Física de la Matèria Condensada, Universitat de Barcelona, & Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Universitat de Barcelona, C. Martí i Franquès 1, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Violeta Fuentes-Landete
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, A-6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Catalin Gainaru
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44221, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Thomas Loerting
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, A-6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Peter H Poole
- Department of Physics, St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, NS, B2G 2W5, Canada
| | - Mauro Rovere
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica, Università degli Studi Roma Tre, Via della Vasca Navale 84, 00146, Roma, Italy
| | - Francesco Sciortino
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale A. Moro 5, 00185, Roma, Italy
| | - Christina M Tonauer
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, A-6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Gustavo A Appignanesi
- INQUISUR, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)-CONICET, Avenida Alem 1253, 8000, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
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12
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Drużbicki K, Gaboardi M, Fernandez-Alonso F. Dynamics & Spectroscopy with Neutrons-Recent Developments & Emerging Opportunities. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1440. [PMID: 33947108 PMCID: PMC8125526 DOI: 10.3390/polym13091440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This work provides an up-to-date overview of recent developments in neutron spectroscopic techniques and associated computational tools to interrogate the structural properties and dynamical behavior of complex and disordered materials, with a focus on those of a soft and polymeric nature. These have and continue to pave the way for new scientific opportunities simply thought unthinkable not so long ago, and have particularly benefited from advances in high-resolution, broadband techniques spanning energy transfers from the meV to the eV. Topical areas include the identification and robust assignment of low-energy modes underpinning functionality in soft solids and supramolecular frameworks, or the quantification in the laboratory of hitherto unexplored nuclear quantum effects dictating thermodynamic properties. In addition to novel classes of materials, we also discuss recent discoveries around water and its phase diagram, which continue to surprise us. All throughout, emphasis is placed on linking these ongoing and exciting experimental and computational developments to specific scientific questions in the context of the discovery of new materials for sustainable technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kacper Drużbicki
- Materials Physics Center, CSIC-UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain;
- Polish Academy of Sciences, Center of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Mattia Gaboardi
- Elettra—Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., S.S. 14 km 163.5 in Area Science Park, 34149 Trieste, Italy;
| | - Felix Fernandez-Alonso
- Materials Physics Center, CSIC-UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain;
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Plaza Euskadi 5, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
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13
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Eltareb A, Lopez GE, Giovambattista N. Nuclear quantum effects on the thermodynamic, structural, and dynamical properties of water. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:6914-6928. [PMID: 33729222 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp04325g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We perform path-integral molecular dynamics (PIMD) simulations of H2O and D2O using the q-TIP4P/F model. Simulations are performed at P = 1 bar and over a wide range of temperatures that include the equilibrium (T≥ 273 K) and supercooled (210 ≤T < 273 K) liquid states of water. The densities of both H2O and D2O calculated from PIMD simulations are in excellent agreement with experiments in the equilibrium and supercooled regimes. We also evaluate important thermodynamic response functions, specifically, the thermal expansion coefficient αP(T), isothermal compressibility κT(T), isobaric heat capacity CP(T), and static dielectric constant ε(T). While these properties are in excellent [αP(T) and κT(T)] or semi-quantitative agreement [CP(T) and ε(T)] with experiments in the equilibrium regime, they are increasingly underestimated upon further cooling. It follows that the inclusion of nuclear quantum effects in PIMD simulations of (q-TIP4P/F) water is not sufficient to reproduce the anomalous large fluctuations in density, entropy, and electric dipole moment characteristic of supercooled water. It has been hypothesized that water may exhibit a liquid-liquid critical point (LLCP) in the supercooled regime at P > 1 bar and that such a LLCP generates a maximum in CP(T) and κT(T) at 1 bar. Consistent with this hypothesis and in particular, with experiments, we find a maximum in the κT(T) of q-TIP4P/F light and heavy water at T≈ 230-235 K. No maximum in CP(T) could be detected down to T≥ 210 K. We also calculate the diffusion coefficient D(T) of H2O and D2O using the ring-polymer molecular dynamics (RPMD) technique and find that computer simulations are in remarkable good agreement with experiments at all temperatures studied. The results from RPMD/PIMD simulations are also compared with the corresponding results obtained from classical MD simulations of q-TIP4P/F water where atoms are represented by single interacting sites. Surprisingly, we find minor differences in most of the properties studied, with CP(T), D(T), and structural properties being the only (expected) exceptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Eltareb
- Department of Physics, Brooklyn College of the City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY 11210, USA.
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14
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Abstract
The origin of water's anomalies has been a matter of long-standing debate. A two-state model, dating back to Röntgen, relies on the dynamical coexistence of two types of local structures-locally favored tetrahedral structure (LFTS) and disordered normal-liquid structure (DNLS)-in liquid water. Phenomenologically, this model not only explains water's thermodynamic anomalies but also can rationalize the existence of a liquid-liquid critical point (LLCP) if there is a cooperative formation of LFTS. We recently found direct evidence for the coexistence of LFTS and DNLS in the experimental structure factor of liquid water. However, the existence of the LLCP and its impact on water's properties has remained elusive, leaving the origin of water's anomalies unclear. Here we propose a unique strategy to locate the LLCP of liquid water. First, we make a comprehensive analysis of a large set of experimental structural, thermodynamic, and dynamic data based on our hierarchical two-state model. This model predicts that the two thermodynamic and dynamical fluctuation maxima lines should cross at the LLCP if it exists, which we confirm by hundred-microsecond simulations for model waters. Based on recent experimental results of the compressibility and diffusivity measurements in the no man's land, we reveal that the two lines cross around 184 K and 173 MPa for real water, suggesting the presence of the LLCP around there. Nevertheless, we find that the criticality is almost negligible in the experimentally accessible region of liquid water because it is too far from the LLCP. Our findings would provide a clue to settle the long-standing debate.
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Fortes AD, Ponsonby J, Kirichek O, García-Sakai V. On the crystal structures and phase transitions of hydrates in the binary dimethyl sulfoxide–water system. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION B-STRUCTURAL SCIENCE CRYSTAL ENGINEERING AND MATERIALS 2020; 76:733-748. [DOI: 10.1107/s2052520620008999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Neutron powder diffraction data have been collected from a series of flash-frozen aqueous solutions of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) with concentrations between 25 and 66.7 mol% DMSO. These reveal the existence of three stoichiometric hydrates, which crystallize on warming between 175 and 195 K. DMSO trihydrate crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c, with unit-cell parameters at 195 K of a = 10.26619 (3), b = 7.01113 (2), c = 10.06897 (3) Å, β = 101.5030 (2)° and V = 710.183 (3) Å3 (Z = 4). Two of the symmetry-inequivalent water molecules form a sheet of tiled four- and eight-sided rings; the DMSO molecules are sandwiched between these sheets and linked along the b axis by the third water molecule to generate water–DMSO–water tapes. Two different polymorphs of DMSO dihydrate have been identified. The α phase is monoclinic (space group P21/c), with unit-cell parameters at 175 K of a = 6.30304 (4), b = 9.05700 (5), c = 11.22013 (7) Å, β = 105.9691 (4)° and V = 615.802 (4) Å3 (Z = 4). Its structure contains water–DMSO–water chains, but these are polymerized in such a manner as to form sheets of reniform eight-sided rings, with the methyl groups extending on either side of the sheet. On warming above 198 K, α-DMSO·2H2O undergoes a solid-state transformation to a mixture of DMSO·3H2O + anhydrous DMSO, and there is then a stable eutectic between these two phases at ∼203 K. The β-phase of DMSO dihydrate has been observed in a rapidly frozen eutectic melt and in very DMSO-rich mixtures. It is observed to be unstable with respect to the α-phase; above ∼180 K, β-DMSO·2H2O converts irreversibly to α-DMSO·2H2O. At 175 K, the lattice parameters of β-DMSO·2H2O are a = 6.17448 (10), b = 11.61635 (16), c = 8.66530 (12) Å, β = 101.663 (1)° and V = 608.684 (10) Å3 (Z = 4), hence this polymorph is just 1.16% denser than the α-phase under identical conditions. Like the other two hydrates, the space group appears likely, on the basis of systematic absences, to be P21/c, but the structure has not yet been determined. Our results reconcile 60 years of contradictory interpretations of the phase relations in the binary DMSO–water system, particularly between mole fractions of 0.25–0.50, and confirm empirical and theoretical studies of the liquid structure around the eutectic composition (33.33 mol% DMSO).
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Wu S, Liang X, Lei Y, Yang L, Wang L, Feng J. Dynamics and Glass Transition of Supercooled Water Confined in Amphiphilic Polymer Films. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:6039-6044. [PMID: 32649200 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c01672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The glass transition of supercooled water is not well understood yet. We have observed a clear glass transition of the supercooled water confined in channel of amphiphilic polymer films at 145 K. Using NMR, we probe two types of relaxations occurred in the glass former, e.g., a rapid local β-process and a slow α-process (most likely). It is found that slow α-relaxation follows the Arrhenius relationship, indicating the glass former is a strong liquid. We also find a dynamic crossover from low-temperature Arrhenius α-process to high-temperature VFT process at 198-208 K, accompanying with simultaneous disappearing of local β-relaxation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaishuai Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xinmiao Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Youyi Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Li Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Liying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Jiwen Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Egami
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Yuya Shinohara
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
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Kripotou S, Zafeiris K, Culebras-Martínez M, Gallego Ferrer G, Kyritsis A. Dynamics of hydration water in gelatin and hyaluronic acid hydrogels. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. E, SOFT MATTER 2019; 42:109. [PMID: 31444585 DOI: 10.1140/epje/i2019-11871-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We employed broadband dielectric spectroscopy (BDS), for the investigation of the water dynamics in partially hydrated hyaluronic acid (HA), and gelatin (Gel), enzymatically crosslinked hydrogels, in the water fraction ranges [Formula: see text]. Our results indicate that at low hydrations ([Formula: see text]), where the dielectric response of the hydrogels is identical during cooling and heating, water plasticizes strongly the polymeric matrix and is organized in clusters giving rise to [Formula: see text]-process, secondary water relaxation and to an additional slower relaxation process. This later process has been found to be related with the dc charge conductivity and can be described in terms of the conduction current relaxation mechanism. At slightly higher hydrations, however, always below the hydration level where ice is formed during cooling, we have recorded in HA hydrogel a strong water dielectric relaxation process, [Formula: see text], which has Arrhenius-like temperature dependence and large time scale resembling relaxation processes recorded in bulk low density amorphous solid water structures. This relaxation process shows a strong-to-fragile transition at [Formula: see text]C and our data suggest that the VTF-like process recorded at [Formula: see text]C is controlled by the same molecular process like long range charge transport. In addition, our data imply that the crossover temperature is related with the onset of structural rearrangements (increase in configurational entropy) of the macromolecules. In partially crystallized hydrogels ([Formula: see text]) HA exhibits at low temperatures the ice dielectric process consistent with the bulk hexagonal ice, whereas Gel hydrogel exhibits as main low temperature process a slow relaxation process that refers to open tetrahedral structures of water similar to low density amorphous ice structures and to bulk cubic ice. Regarding the water secondary relaxation processes, we have shown that the [Formula: see text]-process and the [Formula: see text] process are activated in water hydrogen bond networks with different structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sotiria Kripotou
- National Technical University of Athens, Physics Department, Iroon Polytechneiou 9, Zografou Campus, 15780, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Zafeiris
- National Technical University of Athens, Physics Department, Iroon Polytechneiou 9, Zografou Campus, 15780, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Culebras-Martínez
- Centre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering (CBIT), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Gloria Gallego Ferrer
- Centre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering (CBIT), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Valencia, Spain
| | - Apostolos Kyritsis
- National Technical University of Athens, Physics Department, Iroon Polytechneiou 9, Zografou Campus, 15780, Athens, Greece.
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19
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Amann-Winkel K, Bowron DT, Loerting T. Structural differences between unannealed and expanded high-density amorphous ice based on isotope substitution neutron diffraction. Mol Phys 2019; 117:3207-3216. [PMID: 32165770 PMCID: PMC7034327 DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2019.1649487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
We here report isotope substitution neutron diffraction experiments on two variants of high-density amorphous ice (HDA): its unannealed form prepared via pressure-induced amorphization of hexagonal ice at 77 K, and its expanded form prepared via decompression of very-high density amorphous ice at 140 K. The latter is about 17 K more stable thermally, so that it can be heated beyond its glass-to-liquid transition to the ultraviscous liquid form at ambient pressure. The structural origin for this large thermal difference and the possibility to reach the deeply supercooled liquid state has not yet been understood. Here we reveal that the origin for this difference is found in the intermediate range structure, beyond about 3.6 Å. The hydration shell markedly differs at about 6 Å. The local order, by contrast, including the first as well as the interstitial space between first and second shell is very similar for both. 'eHDA' that is decompressed to 0.20 GPa instead of 0.07 GPa is here revealed to be rather far away from well-relaxed eHDA. Instead it turns out to be roughly halfway between VHDA and eHDA - stressing the importance for decompressing VHDA to at least 0.10 GPa to make an eHDA sample of good quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Amann-Winkel
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Department of Physics, AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Thomas Loerting
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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20
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Dueby S, Dubey V, Daschakraborty S. Decoupling of Translational Diffusion from the Viscosity of Supercooled Water: Role of Translational Jump Diffusion. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:7178-7189. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b01719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shivam Dueby
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Bihar 801106, India
| | - Vikas Dubey
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Bihar 801106, India
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Plaga LJ, Raidt A, Fuentes Landete V, Amann-Winkel K, Massani B, Gasser TM, Gainaru C, Loerting T, Böhmer R. Amorphous and crystalline ices studied by dielectric spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2019; 150:244501. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5100785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- L. J. Plaga
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - A. Raidt
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - V. Fuentes Landete
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - K. Amann-Winkel
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - B. Massani
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - T. M. Gasser
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - C. Gainaru
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - T. Loerting
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - R. Böhmer
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
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22
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Ashkar R, Bilheux HZ, Bordallo H, Briber R, Callaway DJE, Cheng X, Chu XQ, Curtis JE, Dadmun M, Fenimore P, Fushman D, Gabel F, Gupta K, Herberle F, Heinrich F, Hong L, Katsaras J, Kelman Z, Kharlampieva E, Kneller GR, Kovalevsky A, Krueger S, Langan P, Lieberman R, Liu Y, Losche M, Lyman E, Mao Y, Marino J, Mattos C, Meilleur F, Moody P, Nickels JD, O'Dell WB, O'Neill H, Perez-Salas U, Peters J, Petridis L, Sokolov AP, Stanley C, Wagner N, Weinrich M, Weiss K, Wymore T, Zhang Y, Smith JC. Neutron scattering in the biological sciences: progress and prospects. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D-STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2018; 74:1129-1168. [PMID: 30605130 DOI: 10.1107/s2059798318017503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The scattering of neutrons can be used to provide information on the structure and dynamics of biological systems on multiple length and time scales. Pursuant to a National Science Foundation-funded workshop in February 2018, recent developments in this field are reviewed here, as well as future prospects that can be expected given recent advances in sources, instrumentation and computational power and methods. Crystallography, solution scattering, dynamics, membranes, labeling and imaging are examined. For the extraction of maximum information, the incorporation of judicious specific deuterium labeling, the integration of several types of experiment, and interpretation using high-performance computer simulation models are often found to be particularly powerful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Ashkar
- Department of Physics, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 850 West Campus Drive, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Hassina Z Bilheux
- Neutron Sciences Directorate, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | | | - Robert Briber
- Materials Science and Engineeering, University of Maryland, 1109 Chemical and Nuclear Engineering Building, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - David J E Callaway
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031, USA
| | - Xiaolin Cheng
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Ohio State University College of Pharmacy, 642 Riffe Building, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Xiang Qiang Chu
- Graduate School of China Academy of Engineering Physics, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Joseph E Curtis
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institutes of Standard and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Mail Stop 6102, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| | - Mark Dadmun
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee Knoxville, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Paul Fenimore
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - David Fushman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Organization, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Frank Gabel
- Institut Laue-Langevin, Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IBS, 38042 Grenoble, France
| | - Kushol Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Frederick Herberle
- Neutron Sciences Directorate, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Frank Heinrich
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institutes of Standard and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Mail Stop 6102, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| | - Liang Hong
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Institute of Natural Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - John Katsaras
- Neutron Scattering Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Zvi Kelman
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Eugenia Kharlampieva
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 901 14th Street South, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Gerald R Kneller
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS, Université d'Orléans, Chateau de la Source, Avenue du Parc Floral, Orléans, France
| | - Andrey Kovalevsky
- Biology and Soft Matter Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Susan Krueger
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institutes of Standard and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Mail Stop 6102, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| | - Paul Langan
- Neutron Sciences Directorate, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Raquel Lieberman
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Yun Liu
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institutes of Standard and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Mail Stop 6102, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| | - Mathias Losche
- Department of Physics, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Edward Lyman
- Department of Physics and Astrophysics, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Yimin Mao
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institutes of Standard and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Mail Stop 6102, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| | - John Marino
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Carla Mattos
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Flora Meilleur
- Neutron Sciences Directorate, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Peter Moody
- Leicester Institute of Structural and Chemical Biology, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 9HN, England
| | - Jonathan D Nickels
- Department of Physics, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 850 West Campus Drive, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - William B O'Dell
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Hugh O'Neill
- Neutron Sciences Directorate, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Ursula Perez-Salas
- Neutron Sciences Directorate, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | | | - Loukas Petridis
- Materials Science and Engineeering, University of Maryland, 1109 Chemical and Nuclear Engineering Building, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Alexei P Sokolov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee Knoxville, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Christopher Stanley
- Neutron Sciences Directorate, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Norman Wagner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031, USA
| | - Michael Weinrich
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institutes of Standard and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Mail Stop 6102, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| | - Kevin Weiss
- Neutron Sciences Directorate, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Troy Wymore
- Graduate School of China Academy of Engineering Physics, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Zhang
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institutes of Standard and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Mail Stop 6102, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| | - Jeremy C Smith
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Ohio State University College of Pharmacy, 642 Riffe Building, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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23
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Shi R, Russo J, Tanaka H. Common microscopic structural origin for water's thermodynamic and dynamic anomalies. J Chem Phys 2018; 149:224502. [PMID: 30553247 DOI: 10.1063/1.5055908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Water displays a vast array of unique properties, known as water's anomalies, whose origin remains subject to hot debate. Our aim in this article is to provide a unified microscopic physical picture of water's anomalies in terms of locally favored structures, encompassing both thermodynamic and dynamic anomalies, which are often attributed to different origins. We first identify locally favored structures via a microscopic structural descriptor that measures local translational order and provide direct evidence that they have a hierarchical impact on the anomalies. At each state point, the strength of thermodynamic anomalies is directly proportional to the amount of locally favored structures, while the dynamic properties of each molecule depend on the local structure surrounding both itself and its nearest neighbors. To incorporate this, we develop a novel hierarchical two-state model. We show by extensive simulations of two popular water models that both thermodynamic and kinetic anomalies can be almost perfectly explained by the temperature and pressure dependence of these local and non-local versions of the same structural descriptor, respectively. Moreover, our scenario makes three unique predictions in supercooled water, setting it apart from other scenarios: (1) Presence of an "Arrhenius-to-Arrhenius" crossover upon cooling, as the origin of the apparent "fragile-to-strong" transition; (2) maximum of dynamic heterogeneity around 20 K below the Widom line and far above the glass transition; (3) violation of the Stokes-Einstein-Debye relation at ∼2T g, rather than 1.2T g typical of normal glass-formers. These predictions are verified by recent measurement of water's diffusion at very low temperatures (point 1) and discoveries from our extensive simulations (points 2-3). We suggest that the same scenario may generally apply to water-like anomalies in liquids tending to form locally favored structures, including not only other important tetrahedral liquids such as silicon, germanium, and silica, but also metallic and chalcogenide liquids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Shi
- Department of Fundamental Engineering, Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - John Russo
- Department of Fundamental Engineering, Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Hajime Tanaka
- Department of Fundamental Engineering, Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
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24
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Saito S, Bagchi B, Ohmine I. Crucial role of fragmented and isolated defects in persistent relaxation of deeply supercooled water. J Chem Phys 2018; 149:124504. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5044458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Saito
- Institute for Molecular Science, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan and The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
| | - Biman Bagchi
- Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Iwao Ohmine
- Institute for Molecular Science, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan and The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
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25
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Origin of the emergent fragile-to-strong transition in supercooled water. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:9444-9449. [PMID: 30181283 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1807821115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Liquids can be broadly classified into two categories, fragile and strong ones, depending on how their dynamical properties change with temperature. The dynamics of a strong liquid obey the Arrhenius law, whereas the fragile one displays a super-Arrhenius law, with a much steeper slowing down upon cooling. Recently, however, it was discovered that many materials such as water, oxides, and metals do not obey this simple classification, apparently exhibiting a fragile-to-strong transition far above [Formula: see text] Such a transition is particularly well known for water, and it is now regarded as one of water's most important anomalies. This phenomenon has been attributed to either an unusual glass transition behavior or the crossing of a Widom line emanating from a liquid-liquid critical point. Here by computer simulations of two popular water models and through analyses of experimental data, we show that the emergent fragile-to-strong transition is actually a crossover between two Arrhenius regimes with different activation energies, which can be naturally explained by a two-state description of the dynamics. Our finding provides insight into the fragile-to-strong transition observed in a wide class of materials.
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26
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Fuentes-Landete V, Köster KW, Böhmer R, Loerting T. Thermodynamic and kinetic isotope effects on the order-disorder transition of ice XIV to ice XII. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:21607-21616. [PMID: 30101255 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp03786h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Isotope effects accompanying the order-disorder transition of ice XIV to ice XII are studied using calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, and dielectric spectroscopy. Particular emphasis is placed on the impact of the cooling rate applied during high-pressure production and during ambient-pressure recooling on the degree of hydrogen order in the low-temperature ice XIV phase. For specimens from D2O, ordering is harder to achieve in the sense that despite smaller cooling rates, the degree of order is less than in crystals produced from H2O. The degree of ordering can be quantified in terms of the Pauling entropy using calorimetry and manifests itself in structural and dynamical features that were examined using X-ray diffraction and dielectric spectroscopy, respectively. In hydrogen chloride doped samples, H/D substitution was found to slow down the dipolar dynamics up to about 30-fold and shifts the order-disorder transition by 4-6 K. By contrast to earlier assumptions it is possible to reach a high degree of ordering also at ambient pressure, provided the cooling rate is small enough. That is, at ambient pressure, orthorhombic stress slows down the dipolar reorientation near the ordering transition by a factor of 300-2000 for H2O and 30-100 for D2O samples. Furthermore, by long-term storage of our samples at 77 K we have reached surprisingly large increases in degree of order. For the D2O samples we observed an unprecedented high order, corresponding to more than 45% of the Pauling entropy.
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27
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Lemke S, Handle PH, Plaga LJ, Stern JN, Seidl M, Fuentes-Landete V, Amann-Winkel K, Köster KW, Gainaru C, Loerting T, Böhmer R. Relaxation dynamics and transformation kinetics of deeply supercooled water: Temperature, pressure, doping, and proton/deuteron isotope effects. J Chem Phys 2018; 147:034506. [PMID: 28734291 DOI: 10.1063/1.4993790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Above its glass transition, the equilibrated high-density amorphous ice (HDA) transforms to the low-density pendant (LDA). The temperature dependence of the transformation is monitored at ambient pressure using dielectric spectroscopy and at elevated pressures using dilatometry. It is found that near the glass transition temperature of deuterated samples, the transformation kinetics is 300 times slower than the structural relaxation, while for protonated samples, the time scale separation is at least 30 000 and insensitive to doping. The kinetics of the HDA to LDA transformation lacks a proton/deuteron isotope effect, revealing that this process is dominated by the restructuring of the oxygen network. The x-ray diffraction experiments performed on samples at intermediate transition stages reflect a linear combination of the LDA and HDA patterns implying a macroscopic phase separation, instead of a local intermixing of the two amorphous states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Lemke
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Philip H Handle
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Lucie J Plaga
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Josef N Stern
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Markus Seidl
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Katrin Amann-Winkel
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Karsten W Köster
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Catalin Gainaru
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Thomas Loerting
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Roland Böhmer
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
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28
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Nguyen B, Lopez GE, Giovambattista N. Nuclear quantum effects on the liquid–liquid phase transition of a water-like monatomic liquid. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp08505b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The liquid–liquid phase transition of a classical monatomic liquid shifts towards low-temperatures and high-pressures when nuclear quantum effects are included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binh Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, Lehman College of the City University of New York
- Bronx
- USA
| | - Gustavo E. Lopez
- Department of Chemistry, Lehman College of the City University of New York
- Bronx
- USA
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York
- New York
| | - Nicolas Giovambattista
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York
- New York
- USA
- Department of Physics, Brooklyn College of the City University of New York
- Brooklyn
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29
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Perakis F, Amann-Winkel K, Lehmkühler F, Sprung M, Mariedahl D, Sellberg JA, Pathak H, Späh A, Cavalca F, Schlesinger D, Ricci A, Jain A, Massani B, Aubree F, Benmore CJ, Loerting T, Grübel G, Pettersson LGM, Nilsson A. Diffusive dynamics during the high-to-low density transition in amorphous ice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:8193-8198. [PMID: 28652327 PMCID: PMC5547632 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1705303114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Water exists in high- and low-density amorphous ice forms (HDA and LDA), which could correspond to the glassy states of high- (HDL) and low-density liquid (LDL) in the metastable part of the phase diagram. However, the nature of both the glass transition and the high-to-low-density transition are debated and new experimental evidence is needed. Here we combine wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS) with X-ray photon-correlation spectroscopy (XPCS) in the small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) geometry to probe both the structural and dynamical properties during the high-to-low-density transition in amorphous ice at 1 bar. By analyzing the structure factor and the radial distribution function, the coexistence of two structurally distinct domains is observed at T = 125 K. XPCS probes the dynamics in momentum space, which in the SAXS geometry reflects structural relaxation on the nanometer length scale. The dynamics of HDA are characterized by a slow component with a large time constant, arising from viscoelastic relaxation and stress release from nanometer-sized heterogeneities. Above 110 K a faster, strongly temperature-dependent component appears, with momentum transfer dependence pointing toward nanoscale diffusion. This dynamical component slows down after transition into the low-density form at 130 K, but remains diffusive. The diffusive character of both the high- and low-density forms is discussed among different interpretations and the results are most consistent with the hypothesis of a liquid-liquid transition in the ultraviscous regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fivos Perakis
- Department of Physics, AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm University, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025
| | - Katrin Amann-Winkel
- Department of Physics, AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm University, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Felix Lehmkühler
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael Sprung
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Mariedahl
- Department of Physics, AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm University, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonas A Sellberg
- Biomedical and X-ray Physics, Department of Applied Physics, AlbaNova University Center, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Harshad Pathak
- Department of Physics, AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm University, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alexander Späh
- Department of Physics, AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm University, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Filippo Cavalca
- Department of Physics, AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm University, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025
| | - Daniel Schlesinger
- Department of Physics, AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm University, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Avni Jain
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Bernhard Massani
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Flora Aubree
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Chris J Benmore
- X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439
| | - Thomas Loerting
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Gerhard Grübel
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lars G M Pettersson
- Department of Physics, AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm University, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anders Nilsson
- Department of Physics, AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm University, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;
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30
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Novikov VN, Sokolov AP. Quantum effects in dynamics of water and other liquids of light molecules. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. E, SOFT MATTER 2017; 40:57. [PMID: 28510231 DOI: 10.1140/epje/i2017-11546-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear quantum effects in atomic motions are well known at low temperatures [Formula: see text] K, but analyses of structural relaxation in liquids and description of the glass transition traditionally neglect quantum effects at higher temperatures, [Formula: see text] K. Recent studies, however, suggested that nuclear quantum effects in systems of light molecules (e.g., water) might play an important role in structural dynamics and provide non-negligible contributions at such temperatures, and even up to ambient temperature. In this article, we discuss experimental evidences of the quantum effects in glass transition in liquids of light molecules and possible theoretical descriptions of these effects. We show that quantum effects may qualitatively change the temperature behavior of the structural relaxation time in supercooled liquids leading to deviations of some well-established properties of the glass transition when it happens at low temperatures. We also demonstrate that unusual behavior of water dynamics at low temperatures, including apparent fragile-to-strong crossover, can be ascribed to nuclear quantum effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- V N Novikov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, 37996, Knoxville, TN, USA.
- Shull Wollan Center - Joint-Institute for Neutron Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory and University of Tennessee, 37831, Oak Ridge, TN, USA.
- Institute of Automation and Electrometry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia.
| | - A P Sokolov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, 37996, Knoxville, TN, USA
- Shull Wollan Center - Joint-Institute for Neutron Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory and University of Tennessee, 37831, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 37831, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, 37996, Knoxville, TN, USA
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31
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Drechsel-Grau C, Marx D. Collective proton transfer in ordinary ice: local environments, temperature dependence and deuteration effects. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:2623-2635. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp05679b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Ordinary ice at low temperature: what about collective nuclear quantum effects in its chiral six rings?
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dominik Marx
- Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum
- 44780 Bochum
- Germany
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32
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Agapov A, Novikov VN, Kisliuk A, Richert R, Sokolov AP. Role of quantum fluctuations in structural dynamics of liquids of light molecules. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:234507. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4972008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A. Agapov
- Department of Chemistry and Joint Institute for Neutron Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - V. N. Novikov
- Department of Chemistry and Joint Institute for Neutron Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - A. Kisliuk
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - R. Richert
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1604, USA
| | - A. P. Sokolov
- Department of Chemistry and Joint Institute for Neutron Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
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33
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Dalle-Ferrier C, Kisliuk A, Hong L, Carini G, Carini G, D’Angelo G, Alba-Simionesco C, Novikov VN, Sokolov AP. Why many polymers are so fragile: A new perspective. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:154901. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4964362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C. Dalle-Ferrier
- Laboratoire Léon Brillouin, UMR 12, CEA-CNRS, 91191 Saclay, France
| | - A. Kisliuk
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - L. Hong
- Institute of Natural Sciences & Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - G. Carini
- IPCF del CNR, UOS di Messina, I-98158 Messina, Italy
| | - G. Carini
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Università di Messina, I-98166 Messina, Italy
| | - G. D’Angelo
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Università di Messina, I-98166 Messina, Italy
| | | | - V. N. Novikov
- Department of Chemistry and Joint Institute for Neutron Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - A. P. Sokolov
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Joint Institute for Neutron Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
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34
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Heres M, Wang Y, Griffin PJ, Gainaru C, Sokolov AP. Proton Conductivity in Phosphoric Acid: The Role of Quantum Effects. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 117:156001. [PMID: 27768354 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.156001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2016] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Phosphoric acid has one of the highest intrinsic proton conductivities of any known liquids, and the mechanism of this exceptional conductivity remains a puzzle. Our detailed experimental studies discovered a strong isotope effect in the conductivity of phosphoric acids caused by (i) a strong isotope shift of the glass transition temperature and (ii) a significant reduction of the energy barrier by zero-point quantum fluctuations. These results suggest that the high conductivity in phosphoric acids is caused by a very efficient proton transfer mechanism, which is strongly assisted by quantum effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Heres
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee Knoxville, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - Y Wang
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - P J Griffin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - C Gainaru
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee Knoxville, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - A P Sokolov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee Knoxville, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
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35
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Schreck S, Wernet P. Isotope effects in liquid water probed by transmission mode x-ray absorption spectroscopy at the oxygen K-edge. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:104502. [PMID: 27634266 DOI: 10.1063/1.4962237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Schreck
- Institute for Methods and Instrumentation for Synchrotron Radiation Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Philippe Wernet
- Institute for Methods and Instrumentation for Synchrotron Radiation Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
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36
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Ranieri U, Giura P, Gorelli FA, Santoro M, Klotz S, Gillet P, Paolasini L, Koza MM, Bove LE. Dynamical Crossover in Hot Dense Water: The Hydrogen Bond Role. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:9051-9. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b04142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Umbertoluca Ranieri
- EPSL, ICMP, École
polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Station 3, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institut Laue Langevin, 71, avenue
des Martyrs, B.P. 156, 38042 Grenoble, Cedex 9, France
| | - Paola Giura
- Institut
de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie,
CNRS UMR 7590, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 Place
Jussieu, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - Federico A. Gorelli
- Istituto Nazionale di Ottica, CNR-INO, via N. Carrara 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- European Laboratory
for Non Linear Optics, LENS, via N.
Carrara 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Mario Santoro
- Istituto Nazionale di Ottica, CNR-INO, via N. Carrara 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- European Laboratory
for Non Linear Optics, LENS, via N.
Carrara 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Stefan Klotz
- Institut
de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie,
CNRS UMR 7590, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 Place
Jussieu, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - Philippe Gillet
- EPSL, ICMP, École
polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Station 3, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Luigi Paolasini
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, 71, avenue des Martyrs, CS 40220 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Michael Marek Koza
- Institut Laue Langevin, 71, avenue
des Martyrs, B.P. 156, 38042 Grenoble, Cedex 9, France
| | - Livia E. Bove
- EPSL, ICMP, École
polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Station 3, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institut
de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie,
CNRS UMR 7590, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 Place
Jussieu, F-75252 Paris, France
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37
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Gallo P, Amann-Winkel K, Angell CA, Anisimov MA, Caupin F, Chakravarty C, Lascaris E, Loerting T, Panagiotopoulos AZ, Russo J, Sellberg JA, Stanley HE, Tanaka H, Vega C, Xu L, Pettersson LGM. Water: A Tale of Two Liquids. Chem Rev 2016; 116:7463-500. [PMID: 27380438 PMCID: PMC5424717 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 454] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Water is the most abundant liquid
on earth and also the substance
with the largest number of anomalies in its properties. It is a prerequisite
for life and as such a most important subject of current research
in chemical physics and physical chemistry. In spite of its simplicity
as a liquid, it has an enormously rich phase diagram where different
types of ices, amorphous phases, and anomalies disclose a path that
points to unique thermodynamics of its supercooled liquid state that
still hides many unraveled secrets. In this review we describe the
behavior of water in the regime from ambient conditions to the deeply
supercooled region. The review describes simulations and experiments
on this anomalous liquid. Several scenarios have been proposed to
explain the anomalous properties that become strongly enhanced in
the supercooled region. Among those, the second critical-point scenario
has been investigated extensively, and at present most experimental
evidence point to this scenario. Starting from very low temperatures,
a coexistence line between a high-density amorphous phase and a low-density
amorphous phase would continue in a coexistence line between a high-density
and a low-density liquid phase terminating in a liquid–liquid
critical point, LLCP. On approaching this LLCP from the one-phase
region, a crossover in thermodynamics and dynamics can be found. This
is discussed based on a picture of a temperature-dependent balance
between a high-density liquid and a low-density liquid favored by,
respectively, entropy and enthalpy, leading to a consistent picture
of the thermodynamics of bulk water. Ice nucleation is also discussed,
since this is what severely impedes experimental investigation of
the vicinity of the proposed LLCP. Experimental investigation of stretched
water, i.e., water at negative pressure, gives access to a different
regime of the complex water diagram. Different ways to inhibit crystallization
through confinement and aqueous solutions are discussed through results
from experiments and simulations using the most sophisticated and
advanced techniques. These findings represent tiles of a global picture
that still needs to be completed. Some of the possible experimental
lines of research that are essential to complete this picture are
explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Gallo
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica, Università Roma Tre , Via della Vasca Navale 84, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Katrin Amann-Winkel
- Department of Physics, AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm University , SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Charles Austen Angell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University , Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Mikhail Alexeevich Anisimov
- Institute for Physical Science and Technology and Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland , College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Frédéric Caupin
- Institut Lumière Matière, UMR5306 Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1-CNRS, Université de Lyon, Institut Universitaire de France , 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Charusita Chakravarty
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas , New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Erik Lascaris
- Center for Polymer Studies and Department of Physics, Boston University , Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Thomas Loerting
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck , 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - John Russo
- Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo , 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan.,School of Mathematics, University of Bristol , Bristol BS8 1TW, United Kingdom
| | - Jonas Alexander Sellberg
- Biomedical and X-ray Physics, Department of Applied Physics, AlbaNova University Center, KTH Royal Institute of Technology , SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Harry Eugene Stanley
- Center for Polymer Studies and Department of Physics, Boston University , Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Hajime Tanaka
- Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo , 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Carlos Vega
- Departamento de Quimica Fisica, Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid , 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Limei Xu
- International Centre for Quantum Materials and School of Physics, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, China
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38
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Shephard JJ, Salzmann CG. Molecular Reorientation Dynamics Govern the Glass Transitions of the Amorphous Ices. J Phys Chem Lett 2016; 7:2281-5. [PMID: 27243277 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b00881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The glass transitions of low-density amorphous ice (LDA) and high-density amorphous ice (HDA) are the topic of controversial discussions. Understanding their exact nature may be the key to explaining the anomalies of liquid water but has also got implications in the general context of polyamorphism, the occurrence of multiple amorphous forms of the same material. We first show that the glass transition of hydrogen-disordered ice VI is associated with the kinetic unfreezing of molecular reorientation dynamics by measuring the calorimetric responses of the corresponding H2O, H2(18)O, and D2O materials in combination with X-ray diffraction. Well-relaxed LDA and HDA show identical isotopic-response patterns in calorimetry as ice VI, and we conclude that the glass transitions of the amorphous ices are also governed by molecular reorientation processes. This "reorientation scenario" seems to resolve the previously conflicting viewpoints and is consistent with the fragile-to-strong transition from water to the amorphous ices.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Shephard
- Department of Chemistry, University College London , 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - C G Salzmann
- Department of Chemistry, University College London , 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
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39
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Hansen JS, Kisliuk A, Sokolov AP, Gainaru C. Identification of Structural Relaxation in the Dielectric Response of Water. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 116:237601. [PMID: 27341258 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.116.237601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
One century ago pioneering dielectric results obtained for water and n-alcohols triggered the advent of molecular rotation diffusion theory considered by Debye to describe the primary dielectric absorption in these liquids. Comparing dielectric, viscoelastic, and light scattering results, we unambiguously demonstrate that the structural relaxation appears only as a high-frequency shoulder in the dielectric spectra of water. In contrast, the main dielectric peak is related to a supramolecular structure, analogous to the Debye-like peak observed in monoalcohols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesper S Hansen
- DNRF Centre "Glass and Time," IMFUFA, Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Roskilde 4000, Denmark
| | - Alexander Kisliuk
- Chemical Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Alexei P Sokolov
- Chemical Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - Catalin Gainaru
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
- Faculty of Physics, Technical University of Dortmund, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
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Popov I, Greenbaum Gutina A, Sokolov AP, Feldman Y. The puzzling first-order phase transition in water-glycerol mixtures. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:18063-71. [PMID: 26100246 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp02851e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Over the last decade, discussions on a possible liquid-liquid transition (LLT) have strongly intensified. The LLT proposed by several authors focused mostly on explaining the anomalous properties of water in a deeply supercooled state. However, there have been no direct experimental observations yet of LLT in bulk water in the so-called 'no man's land', where water exists only in the crystalline states. Recently, a novel experimental strategy to detect LLT in water has been employed using water-glycerol (W-G) mixtures, because glycerol can generate a strong hindrance for water crystallization. As a result, the observed first-order phase transition at a concentration of glycerol around cg≈ 20 mol% was ascribed to the LLT. Here we show unambiguously that the first order phase transition in W-G mixtures is caused by the ice formation. We provide additional dielectric measurements, applying specific annealing temperature protocols in order to reinforce this conclusion. We also provide an explanation, why such a phase transition occurs only in the narrow glycerol concentration range. These results clearly demonstrate the danger of analysis of phase-separating liquids to gain better insights into water dynamics. These liquids have complex phase behavior that is affected by temperature, phase stability and segregation, viscosity and nucleation, and finally by crystallization, that might lead to significant misinterpretations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Popov
- The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Department of Applied Physics, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Givat Ram, Jerusalem 91904, Israel.
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Agapov AL, Kolesnikov AI, Novikov VN, Richert R, Sokolov AP. Quantum effects in the dynamics of deeply supercooled water. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2015; 91:022312. [PMID: 25768510 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.91.022312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2013] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Despite its simple chemical structure, water remains one of the most puzzling liquids with many anomalies at low temperatures. Combining neutron scattering and dielectric relaxation spectroscopy, we show that quantum fluctuations are not negligible in deeply supercooled water. Our dielectric measurements reveal the anomalously weak temperature dependence of structural relaxation in vapor-deposited water close to the glass transition temperature T(g)∼136K. We demonstrate that this anomalous behavior can be explained well by quantum effects. These results have significant implications for our understanding of water dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Agapov
- Department of Chemistry and Joint Institute for Neutron Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - A I Kolesnikov
- Chemical and Engineering Materials Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - V N Novikov
- Department of Chemistry and Joint Institute for Neutron Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - R Richert
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
| | - A P Sokolov
- Department of Chemistry and Joint Institute for Neutron Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
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