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Han L, Wu S, Zhang T, Peng W, Zhao M, Yue C, Wen W, Cai W, Li M, Wallny HJ, Avila DW, Mwangi W, Nair V, Ternette N, Guo Y, Zhao Y, Chai Y, Qi J, Liang H, Gao GF, Kaufman J, Liu WJ. A Wider and Deeper Peptide-Binding Groove for the Class I Molecules from B15 Compared with B19 Chickens Correlates with Relative Resistance to Marek's Disease. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2023; 210:668-680. [PMID: 36695776 PMCID: PMC7614295 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2200211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The chicken MHC is known to confer decisive resistance or susceptibility to various economically important pathogens, including the iconic oncogenic herpesvirus that causes Marek's disease (MD). Only one classical class I gene, BF2, is expressed at a high level in chickens, so it was relatively easy to discern a hierarchy from well-expressed thermostable fastidious specialist alleles to promiscuous generalist alleles that are less stable and expressed less on the cell surface. The class I molecule BF2*1901 is better expressed and more thermostable than the closely related BF2*1501, but the peptide motif was not simpler as expected. In this study, we confirm for newly developed chicken lines that the chicken MHC haplotype B15 confers resistance to MD compared with B19. Using gas phase sequencing and immunopeptidomics, we find that BF2*1901 binds a greater variety of amino acids in some anchor positions than does BF2*1501. However, by x-ray crystallography, we find that the peptide-binding groove of BF2*1901 is narrower and shallower. Although the self-peptides that bound to BF2*1901 may appear more various than those of BF2*1501, the structures show that the wider and deeper peptide-binding groove of BF2*1501 allows stronger binding and thus more peptides overall, correlating with the expected hierarchies for expression level, thermostability, and MD resistance. Our study provides a reasonable explanation for greater promiscuity for BF2*1501 compared with BF2*1901, corresponding to the difference in resistance to MD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingxia Han
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China
- National Poultry Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Harbin 150001, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animal and Comparative Medicine, Harbin 150069, China
| | - Shaolian Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Biosafety Level-3 Laboratory, Life Sciences Institute & Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100052, China
| | - Weiyu Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100052, China
| | - Min Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Can Yue
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100052, China
- Research Unit of Adaptive Evolution and Control of Emerging Viruses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100052, China
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wanxin Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Wenbo Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Min Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100052, China
| | | | - David W. Avila
- The Basel Institute for Immunology, Basel CH4001, Switzerland
| | - William Mwangi
- The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright GU24 0NF, United Kingdom
| | - Venugopal Nair
- The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright GU24 0NF, United Kingdom
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3SZ, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola Ternette
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Headington OX37BN, United Kingdom
| | - Yaxin Guo
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100052, China
- Research Unit of Adaptive Evolution and Control of Emerging Viruses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100052, China
| | - Yingze Zhao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100052, China
- Research Unit of Adaptive Evolution and Control of Emerging Viruses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100052, China
| | - Yan Chai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jianxun Qi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Hao Liang
- Biosafety Level-3 Laboratory, Life Sciences Institute & Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - George F. Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100052, China
- Research Unit of Adaptive Evolution and Control of Emerging Viruses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100052, China
| | - Jim Kaufman
- The Basel Institute for Immunology, Basel CH4001, Switzerland
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QP, United Kingdom
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0ES, United Kingdom
- Institute for Immunology and Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, United Kingdom
| | - William J. Liu
- Biosafety Level-3 Laboratory, Life Sciences Institute & Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100052, China
- Research Unit of Adaptive Evolution and Control of Emerging Viruses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100052, China
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2
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Halabi S, Kaufman J. New vistas unfold: Chicken MHC molecules reveal unexpected ways to present peptides to the immune system. Front Immunol 2022; 13:886672. [PMID: 35967451 PMCID: PMC9372762 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.886672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The functions of a wide variety of molecules with structures similar to the classical class I and class II molecules encoded by the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) have been studied by biochemical and structural studies over decades, with many aspects for humans and mice now enshrined in textbooks as dogma. However, there is much variation of the MHC and MHC molecules among the other jawed vertebrates, understood in the most detail for the domestic chicken. Among the many unexpected features in chickens is the co-evolution between polymorphic TAP and tapasin genes with a dominantly-expressed class I gene based on a different genomic arrangement compared to typical mammals. Another important discovery was the hierarchy of class I alleles for a suite of properties including size of peptide repertoire, stability and cell surface expression level, which is also found in humans although not as extreme, and which led to the concept of generalists and specialists in response to infectious pathogens. Structural studies of chicken class I molecules have provided molecular explanations for the differences in peptide binding compared to typical mammals. These unexpected phenomena include the stringent binding with three anchor residues and acidic residues at the peptide C-terminus for fastidious alleles, and the remodelling binding sites, relaxed binding of anchor residues in broad hydrophobic pockets and extension at the peptide C-terminus for promiscuous alleles. The first few studies for chicken class II molecules have already uncovered unanticipated structural features, including an allele that binds peptides by a decamer core. It seems likely that the understanding of how MHC molecules bind and present peptides to lymphocytes will broaden considerably with further unexpected discoveries through biochemical and structural studies for chickens and other non-mammalian vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samer Halabi
- Institute for Immunology and Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jim Kaufman
- Institute for Immunology and Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Jim Kaufman,
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3
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High cell surface expression and peptide binding affinity of HLA-DQA1*05:03, a susceptible allele of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD). Sci Rep 2022; 12:106. [PMID: 34997058 PMCID: PMC8742014 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-04074-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a relapsing autoimmune disease characterized by the presence of pathogenic autoantibodies, anti-aquaporin 4 (AQP4) antibodies. Recently, HLA-DQA1*05:03 was shown to be significantly associated with NMOSD in a Japanese patient cohort. However, the specific mechanism by which HLA-DQA1*05:03 is associated with the development of NMOSD has yet to be elucidated. In the current study, we revealed that HLA-DQA1*05:03 exhibited significantly higher cell surface expression levels compared to other various DQA1 alleles, and that its expression strongly depended on the amino acid sequence of the α1 domain, with a preference for leucine at position 75. Moreover, in silico analysis indicated that the HLA-DQ encoded by HLA-DQA1*05:03 preferentially presents immunodominant AQP4 peptides, and that the peptide major histocompatibility complexes (pMHCs) are more energetically stable in the presence of HLA-DQA1*05:03 than other HLA-DQA1 alleles. In silico 3D structural models were also applied to investigate the validity of the energetic stability of pMHCs. Taken together, our findings indicate that HLA-DQA1*05:03 possesses a distinct property to play a pathogenic role in the development of NMOSD.
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Palomar G, Dudek K, Migalska M, Arntzen JW, Ficetola GF, Jelić D, Jockusch E, Martínez-Solano I, Matsunami M, Shaffer HB, Vörös J, Waldman B, Wielstra B, Babik W. Coevolution between MHC class I and Antigen Processing Genes in salamanders. Mol Biol Evol 2021; 38:5092-5106. [PMID: 34375431 PMCID: PMC8557411 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msab237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteins encoded by antigen-processing genes (APGs) provide major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I (MHC-I) with antigenic peptides. In mammals, polymorphic multigenic MHC-I family is served by monomorphic APGs, whereas in certain nonmammalian species both MHC-I and APGs are polymorphic and coevolve within stable haplotypes. Coevolution was suggested as an ancestral gnathostome feature, presumably enabling only a single highly expressed classical MHC-I gene. In this view coevolution, while optimizing some aspects of adaptive immunity, would also limit its flexibility by preventing the expansion of classical MHC-I into a multigene family. However, some nonmammalian taxa, such as salamanders, have multiple highly expressed MHC-I genes, suggesting either that coevolution is relaxed or that it does not prevent the establishment of multigene MHC-I. To distinguish between these two alternatives, we use salamanders (30 species from 16 genera representing six families) to test, within a comparative framework, a major prediction of the coevolution hypothesis: the positive correlation between MHC-I and APG diversity. We found that MHC-I diversity explained both within-individual and species-wide diversity of two APGs, TAP1 and TAP2, supporting their coevolution with MHC-I, whereas no consistent effect was detected for the other three APGs (PSMB8, PSMB9, and TAPBP). Our results imply that although coevolution occurs in salamanders, it does not preclude the expansion of the MHC-I gene family. Contrary to the previous suggestions, nonmammalian vertebrates thus may be able to accommodate diverse selection pressures with flexibility granted by rapid expansion or contraction of the MHC-I family, while retaining the benefits of coevolution between MHC-I and TAPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Palomar
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - K Dudek
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - M Migalska
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - J W Arntzen
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, P.O. Box 9517, 2300 RA leiden, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - G F Ficetola
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Policy, University of Milano, Italy.,Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA), CNRS, Université Grenoble Alpes and Université Savoie Mont Blanc, Grenoble, France
| | - D Jelić
- Croatian Institute for Biodiversity, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - E Jockusch
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT USA
| | - I Martínez-Solano
- Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - M Matsunami
- Department of Advanced Genomic and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara-cho, Japan
| | - H B Shaffer
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.,La Kretz Center for California Conservation Science, Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - J Vörös
- Department of Zoology, Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest, Hungary
| | - B Waldman
- Department of Integrative Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, USA.,School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - B Wielstra
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, P.O. Box 9517, 2300 RA leiden, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - W Babik
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
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5
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Tregaskes CA, Kaufman J. Chickens as a simple system for scientific discovery: The example of the MHC. Mol Immunol 2021; 135:12-20. [PMID: 33845329 PMCID: PMC7611830 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2021.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Chickens have played many roles in human societies over thousands of years, most recently as an important model species for scientific discovery, particularly for embryology, virology and immunology. In the last few decades, biomedical models like mice have become the most important model organism for understanding the mechanisms of disease, but for the study of outbred populations, they have many limitations. Research on humans directly addresses many questions about disease, but frank experiments into mechanisms are limited by practicality and ethics. For research into all levels of disease simultaneously, chickens combine many of the advantages of humans and of mice, and could provide an independent, integrated and overarching system to validate and/or challenge the dogmas that have arisen from current biomedical research. Moreover, some important systems are simpler in chickens than in typical mammals. An example is the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) that encodes the classical MHC molecules, which play crucial roles in the innate and adaptive immune systems. Compared to the large and complex MHCs of typical mammals, the chicken MHC is compact and simple, with single dominantly-expressed MHC molecules that can determine the response to infectious pathogens. As a result, some fundamental principles have been easier to discover in chickens, with the importance of generalist and specialist MHC alleles being the latest example.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clive A Tregaskes
- University of Cambridge, Department of Pathology, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QP, United Kingdom
| | - Jim Kaufman
- University of Cambridge, Department of Pathology, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QP, United Kingdom; University of Edinburgh, Institute for Immunology and Infection Research, Ashworth Laboratories, Kings Buildings, Edinburgh, EH9 3FL, United Kingdom.
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6
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Kaufman J. From Chickens to Humans: The Importance of Peptide Repertoires for MHC Class I Alleles. Front Immunol 2020; 11:601089. [PMID: 33381122 PMCID: PMC7767893 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.601089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In humans, killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs), expressed on natural killer (NK) and thymus-derived (T) cells, and their ligands, primarily the classical class I molecules of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) expressed on nearly all cells, are both polymorphic. The variation of this receptor-ligand interaction, based on which alleles have been inherited, is known to play crucial roles in resistance to infectious disease, autoimmunity, and reproduction in humans. However, not all the variation in response is inherited, since KIR binding can be affected by a portion of the peptide bound to the class I molecules, with the particular peptide presented affecting the NK response. The extent to which the large multigene family of chicken immunoglobulin-like receptors (ChIRs) is involved in functions similar to KIRs is suspected but not proven. However, much is understood about the two MHC-I molecules encoded in the chicken MHC. The BF2 molecule is expressed at a high level and is thought to be the predominant ligand of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), while the BF1 molecule is expressed at a much lower level if at all and is thought to be primarily a ligand for NK cells. Recently, a hierarchy of BF2 alleles with a suite of correlated properties has been defined, from those expressed at a high level on the cell surface but with a narrow range of bound peptides to those expressed at a lower level on the cell surface but with a very wide repertoire of bound peptides. Interestingly, there is a similar hierarchy for human class I alleles, although the hierarchy is not as wide. It is a question whether KIRs and ChIRs recognize class I molecules with bound peptide in a similar way, and whether fastidious to promiscuous hierarchy of class I molecules affect both T and NK cell function. Such effects might be different from those predicted by the similarities of peptide-binding based on peptide motifs, as enshrined in the idea of supertypes. Since the size of peptide repertoire can be very different for alleles with similar peptide motifs from the same supertype, the relative importance of these two properties may be testable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jim Kaufman
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute for Immunology and Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.,Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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7
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Li X, Zhang L, Liu Y, Ma L, Zhang N, Xia C. Structures of the MHC-I molecule BF2*1501 disclose the preferred presentation of an H5N1 virus-derived epitope. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:5292-5306. [PMID: 32152225 PMCID: PMC7170506 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.012713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Lethal infections by strains of the highly-pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) H5N1 pose serious threats to both the poultry industry and public health worldwide. A lack of confirmed HPAIV epitopes recognized by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) has hindered the utilization of CD8+ T-cell-mediated immunity and has precluded the development of effectively diversified epitope-based vaccination approaches. In particular, an HPAIV H5N1 CTL-recognized epitope based on the peptide MHC-I-β2m (pMHC-I) complex has not yet been designed. Here, screening a collection of selected peptides of several HPAIV strains against a specific pathogen-free pMHC-I (pBF2*1501), we identified a highly-conserved HPAIV H5N1 CTL epitope, named HPAIV-PA123-130 We determined the structure of the BF2*1501-PA123-130 complex at 2.1 Å resolution to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of a preferential presentation of the highly-conserved PA123-130 epitope in the chicken B15 lineage. Conformational characteristics of the PA123-130 epitope with a protruding Tyr-7 residue indicated that this epitope has great potential to be recognized by specific TCRs. Moreover, significantly increased numbers of CD8+ T cells specific for the HPAIV-PA123-130 epitope in peptide-immunized chickens indicated that a repertoire of CD8+ T cells can specifically respond to this epitope. We anticipate that the identification and structural characterization of the PA123-130 epitope reported here could enable further studies of CTL immunity against HPAIV H5N1. Such studies may aid in the development of vaccine development strategies using well-conserved internal viral antigens in chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Li
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, People's Republic of China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijie Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanjie Liu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory for Insect-Pollinator Biology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Apiculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, People's Republic of China
| | - Lizhen Ma
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, People's Republic of China
| | - Nianzhi Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun Xia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, People's Republic of China.
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8
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Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) Genes and Disease Resistance in Fish. Cells 2019; 8:cells8040378. [PMID: 31027287 PMCID: PMC6523485 DOI: 10.3390/cells8040378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Fascinating about classical major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules is their polymorphism. The present study is a review and discussion of the fish MHC situation. The basic pattern of MHC variation in fish is similar to mammals, with MHC class I versus class II, and polymorphic classical versus nonpolymorphic nonclassical. However, in many or all teleost fishes, important differences with mammalian or human MHC were observed: (1) The allelic/haplotype diversification levels of classical MHC class I tend to be much higher than in mammals and involve structural positions within but also outside the peptide binding groove; (2) Teleost fish classical MHC class I and class II loci are not linked. The present article summarizes previous studies that performed quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis for mapping differences in teleost fish disease resistance, and discusses them from MHC point of view. Overall, those QTL studies suggest the possible importance of genomic regions including classical MHC class II and nonclassical MHC class I genes, whereas similar observations were not made for the genomic regions with the highly diversified classical MHC class I alleles. It must be concluded that despite decades of knowing MHC polymorphism in jawed vertebrate species including fish, firm conclusions (as opposed to appealing hypotheses) on the reasons for MHC polymorphism cannot be made, and that the types of polymorphism observed in fish may not be explained by disease-resistance models alone.
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9
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Xiao J, Xiang W, Zhang Y, Peng W, Zhao M, Niu L, Chai Y, Qi J, Wang F, Qi P, Pan C, Han L, Wang M, Kaufman J, Gao GF, Liu WJ. An Invariant Arginine in Common with MHC Class II Allows Extension at the C-Terminal End of Peptides Bound to Chicken MHC Class I. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 201:3084-3095. [PMID: 30341185 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1800611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
MHC molecules are found in all jawed vertebrates and are known to present peptides to T lymphocytes. In mammals, peptides can hang out either end of the peptide-binding groove of classical class II molecules, whereas the N and C termini of peptides are typically tightly bound to specific pockets in classical class I molecules. The chicken MHC, like many nonmammalian vertebrates, has a single dominantly expressed classical class I molecule encoded by the BF2 locus. We determined the structures of BF2*1201 bound to two peptides and found that the C terminus of one peptide hangs outside of the groove with a conformation much like the peptides bound to class II molecules. We found that BF2*1201 binds many peptides that hang out of the groove at the C terminus, and the sequences and structures of this MHC class I allele were determined to investigate the basis for this phenomenon. The classical class I molecules of mammals have a nearly invariant Tyr (Tyr84 in humans) that coordinates the peptide C terminus, but all classical class I molecules outside of mammals have an Arg in that position in common with mammalian class II molecules. We find that this invariant Arg residue switches conformation to allow peptides to hang out of the groove of BF2*1201, suggesting that this phenomenon is common in chickens and other nonmammalian vertebrates, perhaps allowing the single dominantly expressed class I molecule to bind a larger repertoire of peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Bioproduction and Chemical Medicine of the Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering and Technology Research Center for Beijing Veterinary Peptide Vaccine Design and Preparation, Zhongmu Institutes of China Animal Husbandry Industry Co. Ltd., Beijing 100095, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wangzhen Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Bioproduction and Chemical Medicine of the Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering and Technology Research Center for Beijing Veterinary Peptide Vaccine Design and Preparation, Zhongmu Institutes of China Animal Husbandry Industry Co. Ltd., Beijing 100095, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yongli Zhang
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Weiyu Peng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Min Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Ling Niu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yan Chai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jianxun Qi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Bioproduction and Chemical Medicine of the Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering and Technology Research Center for Beijing Veterinary Peptide Vaccine Design and Preparation, Zhongmu Institutes of China Animal Husbandry Industry Co. Ltd., Beijing 100095, China
| | - Peng Qi
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Bioproduction and Chemical Medicine of the Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering and Technology Research Center for Beijing Veterinary Peptide Vaccine Design and Preparation, Zhongmu Institutes of China Animal Husbandry Industry Co. Ltd., Beijing 100095, China
| | - Chungang Pan
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Bioproduction and Chemical Medicine of the Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering and Technology Research Center for Beijing Veterinary Peptide Vaccine Design and Preparation, Zhongmu Institutes of China Animal Husbandry Industry Co. Ltd., Beijing 100095, China
| | - Lingxia Han
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Ming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Bioproduction and Chemical Medicine of the Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering and Technology Research Center for Beijing Veterinary Peptide Vaccine Design and Preparation, Zhongmu Institutes of China Animal Husbandry Industry Co. Ltd., Beijing 100095, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jim Kaufman
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QP, United Kingdom; .,Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QP, United Kingdom; and
| | - George F Gao
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China; .,NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,China Research Network of Immunity and Health, Beijing Institutes of Life Science Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - William J Liu
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China; .,NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
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10
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Kelly A, Trowsdale J. Genetics of antigen processing and presentation. Immunogenetics 2018; 71:161-170. [PMID: 30215098 PMCID: PMC6394470 DOI: 10.1007/s00251-018-1082-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Immune response to disease requires coordinated expression of an army of molecules. The highly polymorphic MHC class I and class II molecules are key to control of specificity of antigen presentation. Processing of the antigen, to peptides or other moieties, requires other sets of molecules. For classical class I, this includes TAP peptide transporters, proteasome components and Tapasin, genes which are encoded within the MHC. Similarly, HLA-DO and -DM, which influence presentation by HLA class II molecules, are encoded in the MHC region. Analysis of MHC mutants, including point mutations and large deletions, has been central to understanding the roles of these genes. Mouse genetics has also played a major role. Many other genes have been identified including those controlling expression of HLA class I and class II at the transcriptional level. Another genetic approach that has provided insight has been the analysis of microorganisms, including viruses and bacteria that escape immune recognition by blocking these antigen processing and presentation pathways. Here, we provide a brief history of the genetic approaches, both traditional and modern, that have been used in the quest to understand antigen processing and presentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Kelly
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB21QP, UK
| | - John Trowsdale
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB21QP, UK.
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11
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Kaufman J. Unfinished Business: Evolution of the MHC and the Adaptive Immune System of Jawed Vertebrates. Annu Rev Immunol 2018; 36:383-409. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-051116-052450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jim Kaufman
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QP, United Kingdom
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0ES, United Kingdom
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12
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Whole genome duplications have provided teleosts with many roads to peptide loaded MHC class I molecules. BMC Evol Biol 2018; 18:25. [PMID: 29471808 PMCID: PMC5824609 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-018-1138-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In sharks, chickens, rats, frogs, medaka and zebrafish there is haplotypic variation in MHC class I and closely linked genes involved in antigen processing, peptide translocation and peptide loading. At least in chicken, such MHCIa haplotypes of MHCIa, TAP2 and Tapasin are shown to influence the repertoire of pathogen epitopes being presented to CD8+ T-cells with subsequent effect on cell-mediated immune responses. Results Examining MHCI haplotype variation in Atlantic salmon using transcriptome and genome resources we found little evidence for polymorphism in antigen processing genes closely linked to the classical MHCIa genes. Looking at other genes involved in MHCI assembly and antigen processing we found retention of functional gene duplicates originating from the second vertebrate genome duplication event providing cyprinids, salmonids, and neoteleosts with the potential of several different peptide-loading complexes. One of these gene duplications has also been retained in the tetrapod lineage with orthologs in frogs, birds and opossum. Conclusion We postulate that the unique salmonid whole genome duplication (SGD) is responsible for eliminating haplotypic content in the paralog MHCIa regions possibly due to frequent recombination and reorganization events at early stages after the SGD. In return, multiple rounds of whole genome duplications has provided Atlantic salmon, other teleosts and even lower vertebrates with alternative peptide loading complexes. How this affects antigen presentation remains to be established. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12862-018-1138-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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13
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Hilton HG, McMurtrey CP, Han AS, Djaoud Z, Guethlein LA, Blokhuis JH, Pugh JL, Goyos A, Horowitz A, Buchli R, Jackson KW, Bardet W, Bushnell DA, Robinson PJ, Mendoza JL, Birnbaum ME, Nielsen M, Garcia KC, Hildebrand WH, Parham P. The Intergenic Recombinant HLA-B∗46:01 Has a Distinctive Peptidome that Includes KIR2DL3 Ligands. Cell Rep 2018; 19:1394-1405. [PMID: 28514659 PMCID: PMC5510751 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.04.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
HLA-B∗46:01 was formed by an intergenic mini-conversion, between HLA-B∗15:01 and HLA-C∗01:02, in Southeast Asia during the last 50,000 years, and it has since become the most common HLA-B allele in the region. A functional effect of the mini-conversion was introduction of the C1 epitope into HLA-B∗46:01, making it an exceptional HLA-B allotype that is recognized by the C1-specific natural killer (NK) cell receptor KIR2DL3. High-resolution mass spectrometry showed that HLA-B∗46:01 has a low-diversity peptidome that is distinct from those of its parents. A minority (21%) of HLA-B∗46:01 peptides, with common C-terminal characteristics, form ligands for KIR2DL3. The HLA-B∗46:01 peptidome is predicted to be enriched for peptide antigens derived from Mycobacterium leprae. Overall, the results indicate that the distinctive peptidome and functions of HLA-B∗46:01 provide carriers with resistance to leprosy, which drove its rapid rise in frequency in Southeast Asia. The interlocus recombinant HLA-B∗46:01 is found at high frequency in Southeast Asia HLA-B∗46:01 has a low-diversity peptidome that is distinct from both its parents A subset of HLA-B∗46:01 peptides provides ligands for the NK cell receptor KIR2DL3 The unique features of HLA-B∗46:01 correlate with protection against leprosy
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo G Hilton
- Department of Structural Biology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Microbiology & Immunology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Curtis P McMurtrey
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Alex S Han
- Department of Structural Biology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Microbiology & Immunology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Zakia Djaoud
- Department of Structural Biology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Microbiology & Immunology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Lisbeth A Guethlein
- Department of Structural Biology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Microbiology & Immunology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jeroen H Blokhuis
- Department of Structural Biology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Microbiology & Immunology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jason L Pugh
- Department of Structural Biology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Microbiology & Immunology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Ana Goyos
- Department of Structural Biology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Microbiology & Immunology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Amir Horowitz
- Department of Structural Biology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Microbiology & Immunology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Rico Buchli
- Pure Protein LLC, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Ken W Jackson
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Wilfred Bardet
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - David A Bushnell
- Department of Structural Biology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Philip J Robinson
- Department of Structural Biology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Juan L Mendoza
- Department of Structural Biology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Molecular & Cellular Physiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Michael E Birnbaum
- Department of Structural Biology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Molecular & Cellular Physiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Morten Nielsen
- Department of Bio and Health Informatics, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark; Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - K Christopher Garcia
- Department of Structural Biology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Molecular & Cellular Physiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - William H Hildebrand
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Peter Parham
- Department of Structural Biology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Microbiology & Immunology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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14
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Kaufman J. Generalists and Specialists: A New View of How MHC Class I Molecules Fight Infectious Pathogens. Trends Immunol 2018; 39:367-379. [PMID: 29396014 PMCID: PMC5929564 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2018.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In comparison with the major histocompatibility complexes (MHCs) of typical mammals, the chicken MHC is simple and compact with a single dominantly expressed class I molecule that can determine the immune response. In addition to providing useful information for the poultry industry and allowing insights into the evolution of the adaptive immune system, the simplicity of the chicken MHC has allowed the discovery of phenomena that are more difficult to discern in the more complicated mammalian systems. This review discusses the new concept that poorly expressed promiscuous class I alleles act as generalists to protect against a wide variety of infectious pathogens, while highly expressed fastidious class I alleles can act as specialists to protect against new and dangerous pathogens. A broad overview of classical MHC I expression and bound peptides reveals an inverse correlation between repertoire breadth and cell-surface expression in some chicken and human alleles. Several chicken class I alleles with wide peptide-binding repertoires (promiscuity) are associated with resistance to a variety of common diseases. Conversely, a narrow peptide-binding repertoire (fastidiousness) in some human HLA-B alleles is associated with resistance to HIV progression. Cell-surface expression of some classical class I alleles depends on the regulation of translocation to the cell surface rather than of transcription or translation. MHC translocation is influenced by peptide translocation in chickens and by tapasin interaction in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jim Kaufman
- University of Cambridge, Department of Pathology, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QP, UK; University of Cambridge, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB2 0ES, UK.
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15
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Abstract
The ancestral progenitor of common chimpanzees and bonobos experienced a selective sweep that ravaged its major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I repertoire. The causative agent was probably an ancestral retrovirus, highly related to the contemporary HIV-1 strain, which initiated the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome pandemic in the human population. As a direct result, MHC class I allotypes with the capability of targeting conserved retroviral elements were enriched in the ancestral progenitor. Even today, the impact can be traced back by studying the functional capacities of the contemporary MHC class I allotypes of common chimpanzees. Viruses, however, have developed several strategies to manipulate the cell-surface expression of MHC class I genes. Monitoring the presence and absence of the MHC class I allotypes on the cell surface is conducted, for instance, by the hosts' gene products of the killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) complex. Hence, one may wonder whether-in the future-any clues with regard to the signature of the MHC class I selective sweep might be unearthed for the KIR genes as well.
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16
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Kaur G, Gras S, Mobbs JI, Vivian JP, Cortes A, Barber T, Kuttikkatte SB, Jensen LT, Attfield KE, Dendrou CA, Carrington M, McVean G, Purcell AW, Rossjohn J, Fugger L. Structural and regulatory diversity shape HLA-C protein expression levels. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15924. [PMID: 28649982 PMCID: PMC5490200 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Expression of HLA-C varies widely across individuals in an allele-specific manner. This variation in expression can influence efficacy of the immune response, as shown for infectious and autoimmune diseases. MicroRNA binding partially influences differential HLA-C expression, but the additional contributing factors have remained undetermined. Here we use functional and structural analyses to demonstrate that HLA-C expression is modulated not just at the RNA level, but also at the protein level. Specifically, we show that variation in exons 2 and 3, which encode the α1/α2 domains, drives differential expression of HLA-C allomorphs at the cell surface by influencing the structure of the peptide-binding cleft and the diversity of peptides bound by the HLA-C molecules. Together with a phylogenetic analysis, these results highlight the diversity and long-term balancing selection of regulatory factors that modulate HLA-C expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurman Kaur
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Stephanie Gras
- Infection and Immunity Program and the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Jesse I. Mobbs
- Infection and Immunity Program and the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Julian P. Vivian
- Infection and Immunity Program and the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Adrian Cortes
- Oxford Centre for Neuroinflammation, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Division of Clinical Neurology, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Thomas Barber
- Oxford Centre for Neuroinflammation, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Division of Clinical Neurology, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Subita Balaram Kuttikkatte
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Lise Torp Jensen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200N Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Kathrine E. Attfield
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Calliope A. Dendrou
- Oxford Centre for Neuroinflammation, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Division of Clinical Neurology, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Mary Carrington
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland 21702, USA
- The Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Gil McVean
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
- Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Anthony W. Purcell
- Infection and Immunity Program and the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Jamie Rossjohn
- Infection and Immunity Program and the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Lars Fugger
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
- Oxford Centre for Neuroinflammation, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Division of Clinical Neurology, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200N Aarhus, Denmark
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17
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Parker A, Kaufman J. What chickens might tell us about the MHC class II system. Curr Opin Immunol 2017; 46:23-29. [PMID: 28433952 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2017.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Almost all knowledge about the structure and function of MHC class II molecules outside of mammals comes from work with chickens. Most of the genes implicated in the class II system are present in chickens, so it is likely that the machinery of antigen processing and peptide-loading is similar to mammals. However, there is only one isotype (lineage) of classical class II genes, with one monomorphic DR-like BLA gene and two polymorphic BLB genes, located near one DMA and two DMB genes. The DMB2 and BLB2 genes are widely expressed at high levels, whereas the DMB1 and BLB1 genes are only expressed at highest levels in spleen and intestine, suggesting the possibility of two class II systems in chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimée Parker
- Institute of Food Research, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UA, United Kingdom
| | - Jim Kaufman
- University of Cambridge, Department of Pathology, Cambridge CB2 1QP, United Kingdom; University of Cambridge, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Cambridge CB3 0ES, United Kingdom.
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18
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Huang M, Zhang W, Guo J, Wei X, Phiwpan K, Zhang J, Zhou X. Improved Transgenic Mouse Model for Studying HLA Class I Antigen Presentation. Sci Rep 2016; 6:33612. [PMID: 27634283 PMCID: PMC5025652 DOI: 10.1038/srep33612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
HLA class I (HLA-I) transgenic mice have proven to be useful models for studying human MHC-related immune responses over the last two decades. However, differences in the processing and presentation machinery between humans and mice may have profound effects on HLA-I restricted antigen presentation. In this study, we generated a novel human TAP-LMP (hTAP-LMP) gene cluster transgenic mouse model carrying an intact human TAP complex and two human immunoproteasome LMP subunits, PSMB8/PSMB9. By crossing the hTAP-LMP strain with different HLA-I transgenic mice, we found that the expression levels of human HLA-I molecules, especially the A3 supertype members (e.g., A11 and A33), were remarkably enhanced in corresponding HLA-I/hTAP-LMP transgenic mice. Moreover, we found that humanized processing and presentation machinery increased antigen presentation of HLA-A11-restricted epitopes and promoted the rapid reduction of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in HLA-A11/hTAP-LMP mice. Together, our study highlights that HLA-I/hTAP-LMP mice are an improved model for studying antigen presentation of HLA-I molecules and their related CTL responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Jie Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Xundong Wei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Krung Phiwpan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100101, China.,University of Phayao 19 Moo 2 Maeka, Muang Phayao district, Phayao, 56000, Thailand
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Xuyu Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100101, China.,Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
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