1
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Mosley RJ, Rucci B, Byrne ME. Recent advancements in design of nucleic acid nanocarriers for controlled drug delivery. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:2078-2094. [PMID: 36806872 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb02325c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Research of nanoscale nucleic acid carriers has garnered attention in recent years due to their distinctive and controllable properties. However, current knowledge is limited in how we can efficiently utilize these systems for clinical applications. Several researchers have pioneered new and innovative nanocarrier drug delivery systems, but understanding physiochemical properties and behavior in vivo is vital to implementing them as clinical drug delivery platforms. In this review, we outline the most significant innovations in the synthesis, physical properties, and utilization of nucleic acid nanocarriers in the past 5 years, addressing the crucial properties which improve nanocarrier characteristics, delivery, and drug release. The challenges of controlling the transport of nucleic acid nanocarriers and therapeutic release for biological applications are outlined. Barriers which inhibit effective transport into tissue are discussed with emphasis on the modifications needed to overcome such obstacles. The novel strategies discussed in this work summarize the pivotal features of modern nucleic nanocarriers and postulate where future developments could revolutionize the translation of these tools into a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Mosley
- Biomimetic and Biohybrid Materials, Biomedical Devices, and Drug Delivery Laboratories, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 201 Mullica Hill Rd, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, 08028, USA.
| | - Brendan Rucci
- Biomimetic and Biohybrid Materials, Biomedical Devices, and Drug Delivery Laboratories, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 201 Mullica Hill Rd, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, 08028, USA.
| | - Mark E Byrne
- Biomimetic and Biohybrid Materials, Biomedical Devices, and Drug Delivery Laboratories, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 201 Mullica Hill Rd, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, 08028, USA. .,Department of Chemical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, 08028, USA
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2
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Cheng EL, Kacherovsky N, Pun SH. Aptamer-Based Traceless Multiplexed Cell Isolation Systems. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:44136-44146. [PMID: 36149728 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c11783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In both biomedical research and clinical cell therapy manufacturing, there is a need for cell isolation systems that recover purified cells in the absence of any selection agent. Reported traceless cell isolation methods using engineered antigen-binding fragments or aptamers have been limited to processing a single cell type at a time. There remains an unmet need for cell isolation processes that rapidly sort multiple target cell types. Here, we utilized two aptamers along with their designated complementary strands (reversal agents) to tracelessly isolate two cell types from a mixed cell population with one aptamer-labeling step and two sequential cell elution steps with reversal agents. We engineered a CD71-binding aptamer (rvCD71apt) and a reversal agent pair to be used simultaneously with our previously reported traceless purification approach using the CD8 aptamer (rvCD8apt) and its reversal agent. We verified the compatibility of the two aptamer displacement mechanisms by flow cytometry and the feasibility of incorporating rvCD71apt with a magnetic solid state. We then combined rvCD71apt with rvCD8apt to isolate activated CD4+ T cells and resting CD8+ cells by eluting these target cells into separate fractions with orthogonal strand displacements. This is the first demonstration of isolating different cell types using two aptamers and reversal agents at the same time. Potentially, different or more aptamers can be included in this traceless multiplexed isolation system for diverse applications with a shortened operation time and a lower production cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmeline L Cheng
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-5061, United States
| | - Nataly Kacherovsky
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-5061, United States
| | - Suzie H Pun
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-5061, United States
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3
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Su FY, Zhao QH, Dahotre SN, Gamboa L, Bawage SS, Silva Trenkle AD, Zamat A, Phuengkham H, Ahmed R, Santangelo PJ, Kwong GA. In vivo mRNA delivery to virus-specific T cells by light-induced ligand exchange of MHC class I antigen-presenting nanoparticles. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabm7950. [PMID: 35196075 PMCID: PMC8865765 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abm7950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Simultaneous delivery of mRNA to multiple populations of antigen (Ag)-specific CD8+ T cells is challenging given the diversity of peptide epitopes and polymorphism of class I major histocompatibility complexes (MHCI). We developed Ag-presenting nanoparticles (APNs) for mRNA delivery using pMHCI molecules that were refolded with photocleavable peptides to allow rapid ligand exchange by UV light and site-specifically conjugated with a lipid tail for postinsertion into preformed mRNA lipid nanoparticles. Across different TCR transgenic mouse models (P14, OT-1, and Pmel), UV-exchanged APNs bound and transfected their cognate Ag-specific CD8+ T cells equivalent to APNs produced using conventionally refolded pMHCI molecules. In mice infected with PR8 influenza, multiplexed delivery of UV-exchanged APNs against three immunodominant epitopes led to ~50% transfection of a VHH mRNA reporter in cognate Ag-specific CD8+ T cells. Our data show that UV-mediated peptide exchange can be used to rapidly produce APNs for mRNA delivery to multiple populations of Ag-specific T cells in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Yi Su
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Qingyang Henry Zhao
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Shreyas N. Dahotre
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Lena Gamboa
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Swapnil Subhash Bawage
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Aaron D. Silva Trenkle
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Ali Zamat
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Hathaichanok Phuengkham
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Rafi Ahmed
- Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30317, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Philip J. Santangelo
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Gabriel A. Kwong
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- Parker H. Petit Institute of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- Integrated Cancer Research Center, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- Georgia ImmunoEngineering Consortium, Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
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4
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Chen L, Chen W, Liu G, Li J, Lu C, Li J, Tan W, Yang H. Nucleic acid-based molecular computation heads towards cellular applications. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:12551-12575. [PMID: 34604889 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01508c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nucleic acids, with the advantages of programmability and biocompatibility, have been widely used to design different kinds of novel biocomputing devices. Recently, nucleic acid-based molecular computing has shown promise in making the leap from the test tube to the cell. Such molecular computing can perform logic analysis within the confines of the cellular milieu with programmable modulation of biological functions at the molecular level. In this review, we summarize the development of nucleic acid-based biocomputing devices that are rationally designed and chemically synthesized, highlighting the ability of nucleic acid-based molecular computing to achieve cellular applications in sensing, imaging, biomedicine, and bioengineering. Then we discuss the future challenges and opportunities for cellular and in vivo applications. We expect this review to inspire innovative work on constructing nucleic acid-based biocomputing to achieve the goal of precisely rewiring, even reconstructing cellular signal networks in a prescribed way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanlan Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China.
| | - Wanzhen Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China.
| | - Guo Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China.
| | - Jingying Li
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China
| | - Chunhua Lu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China.
| | - Juan Li
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China. .,Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (ICBM), Chinese Academy of Sciences; The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P. R. China
| | - Weihong Tan
- Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (ICBM), Chinese Academy of Sciences; The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P. R. China.,Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Huanghao Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China.
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5
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Dahotre SN, Romanov AM, Su FY, Kwong GA. Synthetic Antigen-Presenting Cells for Adoptive T Cell Therapy. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2021; 4:2100034. [PMID: 34541300 PMCID: PMC8447293 DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202100034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Adoptive T cell therapies are transforming the treatment of solid and liquid tumors, yet their widespread adoption is limited in part by the challenge of generating functional cells. T cell activation and expansion using conventional antigen-presenting cells (APCs) is unreliable due to the variable quality of donor-derived APCs. As a result, engineered approaches using nanomaterials presenting T cell activation signals are a promising alternative due to their ability to be robustly manufactured with precise control over stimulation cues. In this work, we design synthetic APCs that consist of liposomes surface-functionalized with peptide-major histocompatibility complexes (pMHC). Synthetic APCs selectively target and activate antigen-specific T cell populations to levels similar to conventional protocols using non-specific αCD3 and αCD28 antibodies without the need for costimulation signals. T cells treated with synthetic APCs produce effector cytokines and demonstrate cytotoxic activity when co-cultured with tumor cells presenting target antigen in vitro. Following adoptive transfer into tumor-bearing mice, activated cells control tumor growth and improve overall survival compared to untreated mice. Synthetic APCs could potentially be used in the future to improve the accessibility of adoptive T cell therapies by removing the need for conventional APCs during manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreyas N Dahotre
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Tech and Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Anna M Romanov
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Tech and Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Fang-Yi Su
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Tech and Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Gabriel A Kwong
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Tech and Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
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6
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Su FY, Mac QD, Sivakumar A, Kwong GA. Interfacing Biomaterials with Synthetic T Cell Immunity. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2100157. [PMID: 33887123 PMCID: PMC8349871 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202100157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The clinical success of cancer immunotherapy is providing exciting opportunities for the development of new methods to detect and treat cancer more effectively. A new generation of biomaterials is being developed to interface with molecular and cellular features of immunity and ultimately shape or control anti-tumor responses. Recent advances that are supporting the advancement of engineered T cells are focused here. This class of cancer therapy has the potential to cure disease in subsets of patients, yet there remain challenges such as the need to improve response rates and safety while lowering costs to expand their use. To provide a focused overview, recent strategies in three areas of biomaterials research are highlighted: low-cost cell manufacturing to broaden patient access, noninvasive diagnostics for predictive monitoring of immune responses, and strategies for in vivo control that enhance anti-tumor immunity. These research efforts shed light on some of the challenges associated with T cell immunotherapy and how engineered biomaterials that interface with synthetic immunity are gaining traction to solve these challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Yi Su
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Quoc D Mac
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Anirudh Sivakumar
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Gabriel A Kwong
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Parker H. Petit Institute of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Integrated Cancer Research Center, Georgia Immunoengineering Consortium, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
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7
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Cardle II, Cheng EL, Jensen MC, Pun SH. Biomaterials in Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Process Development. Acc Chem Res 2020; 53:1724-1738. [PMID: 32786336 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.0c00335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has transformed the cancer treatment landscape, utilizing ex vivo modified autologous T cells to treat relapsed or refractory B-cell leukemias and lymphomas. However, the therapy's broader impact has been limited, in part, by a complicated, lengthy, and expensive production process. Accordingly, as CAR T-cell therapies are further advanced to treat other cancers, continual innovation in cell manufacturing will be critical to their successful clinical implementation. In this Account, we describe our research efforts using biomaterials to improve the three fundamental steps in CAR T-cell manufacturing: (1) isolation, (2) activation, and (3) genetic modification.Recognizing that clinical T-cell isolation reagents have high cost and supply constraints, we developed a synthetic DNA aptamer and complementary reversal agent technology that isolates label-free CD8+ T cells with high purity and yield from peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Encouragingly, CAR T cells manufactured from both antibody- and aptamer-isolated T cells were comparable in therapeutic potency. Discovery and design of other T-cell specific aptamers and corresponding reversal reagents could fully realize the potential of this approach, enabling inexpensive isolation of multiple distinct T-cell populations in a single isolation step.Current ex vivo T-cell activation materials do not accurately mimic in situ T-cell activation by antigen presenting cells (APCs). They cause unequal CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell expansion, necessitating separate production of CD4+ and CD8+ CAR T cells for therapies that call for balanced infusion compositions. To address these shortcomings, we designed a panel of biodegradable cell-templated silica microparticles with supported lipid bilayers that display stimulatory ligands for T-cell activation. High membrane fluidity, elongated shape, and rough surface topography, all properties of endogenous APCs, were found to be favorable parameters for activation, promoting unbiased and efficient CD4/CD8 T-cell expansion while not terminally differentiating the cells.Viral and electroporation-based gene delivery systems have various drawbacks. Viral vectors are expensive and have limited cargo sizes, whereas electroporation is highly cytotoxic. Thus, low-cost nonviral platforms that transfect T cells with low cytotoxicity and high efficiency are needed for CAR gene delivery. Our group thus synthesized a panel of cationic polymers with different architectures and evaluated their T-cell transfection ability. We identified a comb-shaped polymer formulation that transfected primary T cells with low cytotoxicity, although transfection efficiency was low compared to conventional methods. Analysis of intracellular and extracellular barriers to transfection revealed low uptake of polyplexes and high endosomal pH in T cells, alluding to biological and polymer properties that could be further improved.These innovations represent just a few recent developments in the biomaterials field for addressing CAR T-cell production needs. Together, these technologies and their future advancement will pave the way for economical and straightforward CAR T-cell manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian I. Cardle
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-5061, United States
- Research and Development, Seattle Children’s Therapeutics, Seattle, Washington 98101, United States
| | - Emmeline L. Cheng
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-5061, United States
| | - Michael C. Jensen
- Research and Development, Seattle Children’s Therapeutics, Seattle, Washington 98101, United States
- Department of Pediatrics and Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
- Program in Immunology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, United States
| | - Suzie H. Pun
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-5061, United States
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8
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Nguyen PHL, Hong B, Rubin S, Fainman Y. Machine learning for composition analysis of ssDNA using chemical enhancement in SERS. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 11:5092-5121. [PMID: 33014602 PMCID: PMC7510872 DOI: 10.1364/boe.397616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is an attractive method for bio-chemical sensing due to its potential for single molecule sensitivity and the prospect of DNA composition analysis. In this manuscript we leverage metal specific chemical enhancement effect to detect differences in SERS spectra of 200-base length single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) molecules adsorbed on gold or silver nanorod substrates, and then develop and train a linear regression as well as neural network models to predict the composition of ssDNA. Our results indicate that employing substrates of different metals that host a given adsorbed molecule leads to distinct SERS spectra, allowing to probe metal-molecule interactions under distinct chemical enhancement regimes. Leveraging this difference and combining spectra from different metals as an input for PCA (Principal Component Analysis) and NN (Neural Network) models, allows to significantly lower the detection errors compared to manual feature-choosing analysis as well as compared to the case where data from single metal is used. Furthermore, we show that NN model provides superior performance in the presence of complex noise and data dispersion factors that affect SERS signals collected from metal substrates fabricated on different days.
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9
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Dong J, Wang M, Zhou Y, Zhou C, Wang Q. DNA‐Based Adaptive Plasmonic Logic Gates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202006029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinyi Dong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface Division of Nanobiomedicine andi-Lab Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics Chinese Academy of Sciences Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 P. R. China
| | - Meng Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Finance and Economics Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Yihao Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface Division of Nanobiomedicine andi-Lab Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics Chinese Academy of Sciences Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
| | - Chao Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface Division of Nanobiomedicine andi-Lab Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics Chinese Academy of Sciences Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
| | - Qiangbin Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface Division of Nanobiomedicine andi-Lab Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics Chinese Academy of Sciences Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 P. R. China
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10
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Dong J, Wang M, Zhou Y, Zhou C, Wang Q. DNA‐Based Adaptive Plasmonic Logic Gates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:15038-15042. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202006029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinyi Dong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface Division of Nanobiomedicine andi-Lab Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics Chinese Academy of Sciences Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 P. R. China
| | - Meng Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Finance and Economics Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Yihao Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface Division of Nanobiomedicine andi-Lab Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics Chinese Academy of Sciences Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
| | - Chao Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface Division of Nanobiomedicine andi-Lab Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics Chinese Academy of Sciences Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
| | - Qiangbin Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface Division of Nanobiomedicine andi-Lab Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics Chinese Academy of Sciences Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 P. R. China
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11
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Gamboa L, Zamat AH, Kwong GA. Synthetic immunity by remote control. Theranostics 2020; 10:3652-3667. [PMID: 32206114 PMCID: PMC7069089 DOI: 10.7150/thno.41305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell-based immunotherapies, such as T cells engineered with chimeric antigen receptors (CARs), have the potential to cure patients of disease otherwise refractory to conventional treatments. Early-on-treatment and long-term durability of patient responses depend critically on the ability to control the potency of adoptively transferred T cells, as overactivation can lead to complications like cytokine release syndrome, and immunosuppression can result in ineffective responses to therapy. Drugs or biologics (e.g., cytokines) that modulate immune activity are limited by mass transport barriers that reduce the local effective drug concentration, and lack site or target cell specificity that results in toxicity. Emerging technologies that enable site-targeted, remote control of key T cell functions - including proliferation, antigen-sensing, and target-cell killing - have the potential to increase treatment precision and safety profile. These technologies are broadly applicable to other immune cells to expand immune cell therapies across many cancers and diseases. In this review, we highlight the opportunities, challenges and the current state-of-the-art for remote control of synthetic immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Gamboa
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Ali H. Zamat
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Gabriel A. Kwong
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- Parker H. Petit Institute of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- Integrated Cancer Research Center, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- Georgia Immunoengineering Consortium, Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
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12
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Cremers GAO, Rosier BJHM, Riera Brillas R, Albertazzi L, de Greef TFA. Efficient Small-Scale Conjugation of DNA to Primary Antibodies for Multiplexed Cellular Targeting. Bioconjug Chem 2019; 30:2384-2392. [PMID: 31438665 PMCID: PMC6753658 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.9b00490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
![]()
The
combination of the specificity of antibodies and the programmability
of DNA nanotechnology has provided the scientific community with a
powerful tool to label and unambiguously distinguish a large number
of subcellular targets using fluorescence-based read-out methods.
Whereas primary antibodies are commercially available for a large
class of targets, a general stoichiometric site-selective DNA labeling
strategy for this affinity reagent is lacking. Here we present a universal,
site-selective conjugation method using a small photo-cross-linkable
protein G adaptor that allows labeling of antibodies of different
host species with a controlled number of short oligonucleotides (ODNs).
Importantly, we illustrate that this conjugation method can be directly
performed on commercially available primary antibodies on a small
scale and without cross-reactivity towards bovine serum albumin. In
addition, we present a general benchtop-compatible strategy to purify
DNA-labeled antibodies without a loss of function. The application
of protein G-ODN-labeled primary antibodies is demonstrated by employing
three well-known methods for detecting subcellular targets using fluorescence
read-out, including flow cytometry, DNA-PAINT, and dSTORM. This work
thus establishes a general and efficient platform for the synthesis
of a library of unique ODN–antibody conjugates, facilitating
the broader use of DNA-based programmable tags for multiplexed labeling
to identify subcellular features with nanometer precision and improving
our understanding of cellular structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glenn A O Cremers
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems , Eindhoven University of Technology , P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven , The Netherlands.,Computational Biology Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering , Eindhoven University of Technology , P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven , The Netherlands
| | - Bas J H M Rosier
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems , Eindhoven University of Technology , P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven , The Netherlands.,Computational Biology Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering , Eindhoven University of Technology , P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven , The Netherlands
| | - Roger Riera Brillas
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems , Eindhoven University of Technology , P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven , The Netherlands.,Molecular Biosensing for Medical Diagnostics, Department of Biomedical Engineering , Eindhoven University of Technology , P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven , The Netherlands
| | - Lorenzo Albertazzi
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems , Eindhoven University of Technology , P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven , The Netherlands.,Molecular Biosensing for Medical Diagnostics, Department of Biomedical Engineering , Eindhoven University of Technology , P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven , The Netherlands
| | - Tom F A de Greef
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems , Eindhoven University of Technology , P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven , The Netherlands.,Computational Biology Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering , Eindhoven University of Technology , P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven , The Netherlands.,Institute for Molecules and Materials , Radboud University , Heyendaalseweg 135 , 6525 AJ Nijmegen , The Netherlands
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Traceless aptamer-mediated isolation of CD8 + T cells for chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy. Nat Biomed Eng 2019; 3:783-795. [PMID: 31209354 PMCID: PMC6783348 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-019-0411-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapies using defined product compositions require high-purity T-cell isolation systems that, unlike immunomagnetic positive enrichment, are inexpensive and leave no trace on the final cell product. Here, we show that DNA aptamers (generated with a modified cell-SELEX procedure to display low-nanomolar affinity for the T-cell marker CD8) enable the traceless isolation of pure CD8+ T cells at low cost and high yield. Captured CD8+ T cells are released label-free by complementary oligonucleotides that undergo toehold-mediated strand displacement with the aptamer. We also show that chimeric antigen receptor T cells manufactured from these cells are comparable to antibody-isolated chimeric antigen receptor T cells in proliferation, phenotype, effector function and antitumour activity in a mouse model of B-cell lymphoma. By employing multiple aptamers and the corresponding complementary oligonucleotides, aptamer-mediated cell selection could enable the fully synthetic, sequential and traceless isolation of desired lymphocyte subsets from a single system.
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Dahotre SN, Chang YM, Romanov AM, Kwong GA. DNA-Barcoded pMHC Tetramers for Detection of Single Antigen-Specific T Cells by Digital PCR. Anal Chem 2019; 91:2695-2700. [PMID: 30656939 PMCID: PMC6399736 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b04153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Antigen-specific T cells are found at low frequencies in circulation but carry important diagnostic information as liquid biomarkers in numerous biomedical settings, such as monitoring the efficacy of vaccines and cancer immunotherapies. To enable detection of antigen-specific T cells with high sensitivity, we develop peptide-MHC (pMHC) tetramers labeled with DNA barcodes to detect single T cells by droplet digital PCR (ddPCR). We show that site-specific conjugation of DNA via photocleavable linkers allows barcoded tetramers to stain T cells with similar avidity compared to conventional fluorescent tetramers and efficient recovery of barcodes by light with no loss in cell viability. We design an orthogonal panel of DNA-barcoded tetramers to simultaneously detect multiple antigen-specific T cell populations, including from a mouse model of viral infection, and discriminate single cancer-specific T cells with high diagnostic sensitivity and specificity. This approach of DNA-barcoding can be broadened to encompass additional rare cells for monitoring immunological health at the single cell level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreyas N. Dahotre
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wallace H. Coulter, Georgia Tech and Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30332, United States
| | - Yun Min Chang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wallace H. Coulter, Georgia Tech and Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30332, United States
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States
| | - Anna M. Romanov
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wallace H. Coulter, Georgia Tech and Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30332, United States
| | - Gabriel A. Kwong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wallace H. Coulter, Georgia Tech and Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30332, United States
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Tech, Atlanta, GA 30332, United States
- Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Tech, Atlanta, GA, 30332, United States
- Integrated Cancer Research Center, Georgia Tech, Atlanta, GA, 30332, United States
- Georgia ImmunoEngineering Consortium, Georgia Tech and Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30332, United States
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