1
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Liu L, Ma Y, Li B, Yin L, Zang HY, Zhang N, Bi H, Wang S, Zhu G. Continuous Ultrathin Zwitterionic Covalent Organic Framework Membrane Via Surface-Initiated Polymerization Toward Superior Water Retention. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2308499. [PMID: 38009797 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202308499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Efficient construction of proton transport channels in proton exchange membranes maintaining conductivity under varied humidity is critical for the development of fuel cells. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) hold great potential in providing precise and fast ion transport channels. However, the preparation of continuous free-standing COF membranes retaining their inherent structural advantages to realize excellent proton conduction performance is a major challenge. Herein, a zwitterionic COF material bearing positive ammonium ions and negative sulphonic acid ions is developed. Free-standing COF membrane with adjustable thickness is constructed via surface-initiated polymerization of COF monomers. The porosity, continuity, and stability of the membranes are demonstrated via the transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) characterization. The rigidity of the COF structure avoids swelling in aqueous solution, which improves the chemical stability of the proton exchange membranes and improves the performance stability. In the higher humidity range (50-90%), the prepared zwitterionic COF membrane exhibits superior capability in retaining the conductivity compared to COF membrane merely bearing sulphonic acid group. The established strategy shows the potential for the application of zwitterionic COF in the proton exchange membrane fuel cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Liu
- Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
| | - Yu Ma
- Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
| | - Bo Li
- Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
| | - Liying Yin
- Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Ying Zang
- Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
| | - Hai Bi
- Ji Hua Laboratory, Foshan, 528200, P. R. China
| | - Shaolei Wang
- Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
| | - Guangshan Zhu
- Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
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2
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Flack R, Aixalà-Perelló A, Pedico A, Saadi K, Lamberti A, Zitoun D. Permselectivity and Ionic Conductivity Study of Na + and Br - Ions in Graphene Oxide-Based Membranes for Redox Flow Batteries. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:695. [PMID: 37623756 PMCID: PMC10456580 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13080695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Permselectivity of a membrane is central for the development of electrochemical energy storage devices with two redox couples, such as redox flow batteries (RFBs). In RFBs, Br3-/Br- couple is often used as a catholyte which can cross over to the anolyte, limiting the battery's lifetime. Naturally, the development of permselective membranes is essential to the success of RFBs since state-of-the-art perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA) is too costly. This study investigates membranes of graphene oxide (GO), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), and imidazole (Im) as binder and linker, respectively. The GO membranes are compared to a standard PFSA membrane in terms of ionic conductivity (Na+) and permselectivity (exclusion of Br-). The ionic conduction is evaluated from electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and the permselectivity from two-compartment diffusion cells in a four-electrode system. Our findings suggest that the GO membranes reach conductivity and permselectivity comparable with standard PFSA membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Flack
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials (BINA), Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan 590002, Israel; (R.F.); (K.S.)
| | - Anna Aixalà-Perelló
- Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia (DISAT), Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24, 10129 Torino, Italy; (A.A.-P.); (A.P.); (A.L.)
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Sustainable Future Technologies, Via Livorno 60, 10140 Torino, Italy
| | - Alessandro Pedico
- Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia (DISAT), Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24, 10129 Torino, Italy; (A.A.-P.); (A.P.); (A.L.)
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Sustainable Future Technologies, Via Livorno 60, 10140 Torino, Italy
| | - Kobby Saadi
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials (BINA), Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan 590002, Israel; (R.F.); (K.S.)
| | - Andrea Lamberti
- Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia (DISAT), Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24, 10129 Torino, Italy; (A.A.-P.); (A.P.); (A.L.)
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Sustainable Future Technologies, Via Livorno 60, 10140 Torino, Italy
| | - David Zitoun
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials (BINA), Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan 590002, Israel; (R.F.); (K.S.)
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3
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Cui R, Li S, Yu C, Zhou Y. The Evolution of Hydrogen Bond Network in Nafion via Molecular Dynamics Simulation. Macromolecules 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c02106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Cui
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Shanlong Li
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Chunyang Yu
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yongfeng Zhou
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
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4
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Hao H, Adams EM, Funke S, Schwaab G, Havenith M, Head-Gordon T. Highly Altered State of Proton Transport in Acid Pools in Charged Reverse Micelles. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:1826-1834. [PMID: 36633459 PMCID: PMC9881006 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c11331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Transport mechanisms of solvated protons of 1 M HCl acid pools, confined within reverse micelles (RMs) containing the negatively charged surfactant sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate (NaAOT) or the positively charged cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTABr), are analyzed with reactive force field simulations to interpret dynamical signatures from TeraHertz absorption and dielectric relaxation spectroscopy. We find that the forward proton hopping events for NaAOT are further suppressed compared to a nonionic RM, while the Grotthuss mechanism ceases altogether for CTABr. We attribute the sluggish proton dynamics for both charged RMs as due to headgroup and counterion charges that expel hydronium and chloride ions from the interface and into the bulk interior, thereby increasing the pH of the acid pools relative to the nonionic RM. For charged NaAOT and CTABr RMs, the localization of hydronium near a counterion or conjugate base reduces the Eigen and Zundel configurations that enable forward hopping. Thus, localized oscillatory hopping dominates, an effect that is most extreme for CTABr in which the proton residence time increases dramatically such that even oscillatory hopping is slow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxia Hao
- Kenneth
S. Pitzer Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California94720, United States
| | - Ellen M. Adams
- Cluster
of Excellence Physics of Life, Technische
Universität Dresden, 01307Dresden, Germany,Helmholtz-Zentrum
Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource
Ecology, 01328Dresden, Germany
| | - Sarah Funke
- Lehrstuhl
für Physkalische Chemie II, Ruhr
Universität Bochum, 44801Bochum, Germany
| | - Gerhard Schwaab
- Lehrstuhl
für Physkalische Chemie II, Ruhr
Universität Bochum, 44801Bochum, Germany
| | - Martina Havenith
- Lehrstuhl
für Physkalische Chemie II, Ruhr
Universität Bochum, 44801Bochum, Germany
| | - Teresa Head-Gordon
- Kenneth
S. Pitzer Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California94720, United States,Department
of Bioengineering, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California94720, United States,Chemical
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, Berkeley, California94720, United States,
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5
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Yadav GG, Weiner M, Upreti A, Huang J, Lambert TN, Arnot DJ, Schorr NB, Bell NS, Turney D, Hawkins B, Wei X, Lim M, Banerjee S. The advent of membrane-less zinc-anode aqueous batteries with lithium battery-like voltage. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2022; 9:2160-2171. [PMID: 35642734 DOI: 10.1039/d2mh00280a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Zinc (Zn)-anode batteries, although safe and non-flammable, are precluded from promising applications because of their low voltage (<2 V) and poor rechargeability. Here, we report the fabrication of rechargeable membrane-less Zn-anode batteries with high voltage properties (2.5 to 3.4 V) achieved through coupling cathodes and Zn-anodes in gelled concentrated acid and alkaline solutions separated by a gelled buffer interlayer containing the working ions. The concentrated gelled buffer interlayers perform dual functions of regulating the pH of the system and acting as the source and sink of the working ions. With this strategy we show low-cost membrane-less 2.5 to 3.4 V Zn-manganese dioxide (MnO2) batteries capable of cycling 10-100% of 617 mA h g-1-MnO2 and 20-30% of 820 mA h g-1-Zn and demonstrate their application in electric vehicles. This strategy is then applied to other oxide-based cathode systems like Cu2O and V2O5, where voltages of 2 to 3 V are obtained in membrane-less batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gautam G Yadav
- Research and Development Department, Urban Electric Power, 401 N. Middletown Road, Pearl River, New York, 10965, USA.
| | - Meir Weiner
- Research and Development Department, Urban Electric Power, 401 N. Middletown Road, Pearl River, New York, 10965, USA.
| | - Aditya Upreti
- Research and Development Department, Urban Electric Power, 401 N. Middletown Road, Pearl River, New York, 10965, USA.
| | - Jinchao Huang
- Research and Development Department, Urban Electric Power, 401 N. Middletown Road, Pearl River, New York, 10965, USA.
| | | | - David J Arnot
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA
| | - Noah B Schorr
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA
| | - Nelson S Bell
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA
| | - Damon Turney
- The CUNY Energy Institute at the City College of New York, Department of Chemical Engineering, Steinman Hall Rm 316, 160 Convent Ave, New York, 10031, USA
| | - Brendan Hawkins
- The CUNY Energy Institute at the City College of New York, Department of Chemical Engineering, Steinman Hall Rm 316, 160 Convent Ave, New York, 10031, USA
| | - Xia Wei
- The CUNY Energy Institute at the City College of New York, Department of Chemical Engineering, Steinman Hall Rm 316, 160 Convent Ave, New York, 10031, USA
| | - Matthew Lim
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA
| | - Sanjoy Banerjee
- The CUNY Energy Institute at the City College of New York, Department of Chemical Engineering, Steinman Hall Rm 316, 160 Convent Ave, New York, 10031, USA
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6
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New insights into the structure and chemical reduction of graphene oxide membranes for use in isotopic water separations. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.120785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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7
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Zelovich T, Tuckerman ME. Controlling Hydronium Diffusivity in Model Proton Exchange Membranes. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:2245-2253. [PMID: 35238561 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c04071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Fuel-cell-based proton exchange membranes (PEMs) show great potential as cost-effective and clean energy conversion devices. In our recent work, we found that for the low-hydrated model PEMs with a inhomogeneous water distribution and a sulfonate anionic functional end group (SO3-), the H3O+ reacts with SO3- according to SO3- + H3O+ ↔ SO3H + H2O, indicating that the anions in PEMs become active participants in the hydronium diffusion. In this work, we use fully atomistic ab initio molecular dynamics simulations to elucidate the optimal conditions that would promote the participation of SO3- in the hydronium diffusion mechanism by increasing the H3O+/SO3- reactivity, thus increasing the hydronium diffusivity along the cell. The results presented in this work allow us to suggest a set of design rules for creating novel, highly conductive PEMs operating at high temperatures under a nonuniform water distribution using a linker/anion with a relatively high pKa such as (CH2)2SO3. We expect that the discovery of these key design principles will play an important role in the synthesis of high-performing materials for emerging PEM-based fuel cell technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamar Zelovich
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Mark E Tuckerman
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
- Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences, New York University, New York, New York 10012, United States
- NYU-ECNU Center for Computational Chemistry, New York University Shanghai, 3663 North Zhongshan Rd, Shanghai 200062, China
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8
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Wang J, Chen J, Xu Z, Yang X, Ramakrishna S, Liu Y. Mesoscale hydrated morphology of perfluorosulfonic acid membranes. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.52275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jihao Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Composites, College of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing China
| | - Jia Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Composites, College of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing China
| | - Zhiyang Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Composites, College of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing China
| | - Xiaozhen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science Beijing China
| | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Initiative National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
| | - Yong Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Composites, College of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing China
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9
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Adams EM, Hao H, Leven I, Rüttermann M, Wirtz H, Havenith M, Head‐Gordon T. Proton Traffic Jam: Effect of Nanoconfinement and Acid Concentration on Proton Hopping Mechanism. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202108766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ellen M. Adams
- Lehrstuhl für Physkalische Chemie II Ruhr Universität Bochum 44801 Bochum Germany
| | - Hongxia Hao
- Chemical Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California 94720 USA
- Kenneth S. Pitzer Center for Theoretical Chemistry University of California Berkeley California 94720 USA
- Department of Chemistry University of California Berkeley California 94720 USA
| | - Itai Leven
- Chemical Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California 94720 USA
- Kenneth S. Pitzer Center for Theoretical Chemistry University of California Berkeley California 94720 USA
- Department of Chemistry University of California Berkeley California 94720 USA
| | | | - Hanna Wirtz
- Lehrstuhl für Physkalische Chemie II Ruhr Universität Bochum 44801 Bochum Germany
| | - Martina Havenith
- Lehrstuhl für Physkalische Chemie II Ruhr Universität Bochum 44801 Bochum Germany
| | - Teresa Head‐Gordon
- Chemical Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California 94720 USA
- Kenneth S. Pitzer Center for Theoretical Chemistry University of California Berkeley California 94720 USA
- Department of Chemistry University of California Berkeley California 94720 USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of California Berkeley California 94720 USA
- Department of Bioengineering University of California Berkeley California 94720 USA
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10
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Havenith-Newen M, Adams EM, Head-Gordon T, Hao H, Rüttermann M, Leven I, Wirtz H. Proton Traffic Jam: Effect of Nanoconfinement and Acid Concentration on Proton Hopping Mechanism. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:25419-25427. [PMID: 34402145 PMCID: PMC9293324 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202108766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The properties of the water network in concentrated HCl acid pools in nanometer-sized reverse non-ionic micelles were probed with TeraHertz absorption, dielectric relaxation spectroscopy, and reactive force field simulations capable of describing proton hopping mechanisms. We identify that only at a critical micelle size of W0=9 do solvated proton complexes form in the water pool, accompanied by a change in mechanism from Grotthuss forward shuttling to one that favors local oscillatory hopping. This is due to a preference for H+ and Cl- ions to adsorb to the micelle interface, together with an acid concentration effect that causes a "traffic jam" in which the short-circuiting of the hydrogen-bonding motif of the hydronium ion decreases the forward hopping rate throughout the water interior even as the micelle size increases. These findings have implications for atmospheric chemistry, biochemical and biophysical environments, and energy materials, as transport of protons vital to these processes can be suppressed due to confinement, aggregation, and/or concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Havenith-Newen
- Ruhr-Universit�t Bochum, Physical Chemistry, Universit�tsstr. 150, 44780, Bochum, GERMANY
| | - Ellen M Adams
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum: Ruhr-Universitat Bochum, Chemistry and Biochemistry, GERMANY
| | - Teresa Head-Gordon
- UC Berkeley: University of California Berkeley, Chemistry, UNITED STATES
| | - Hongxia Hao
- Berkeley Laboratory: E O Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemistry, UNITED STATES
| | | | - Itai Leven
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, chemistry, GERMANY
| | - Hanna Wirtz
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum: Ruhr-Universitat Bochum, Chemistry, GERMANY
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11
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Asante-Sackey D, Rathilal S, Kweinor Tetteh E, Ezugbe EO, Pillay LV. Donnan Membrane Process for the Selective Recovery and Removal of Target Metal Ions-A Mini Review. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:358. [PMID: 34068870 PMCID: PMC8153574 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11050358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Membrane-based water purification technologies contribute significantly to water settings, where it is imperative to use low-cost energy sources to make the process economically and technically competitive for large-scale applications. Donnan membrane processes (DMPs) are driven by a potential gradient across an ion exchange membrane and have an advantage over fouling in conventional pressure driven membrane technologies, which are gaining attention. DMP is a removal, recovery and recycling technology that is commonly used for separation, purification and the concentrating of metals in different water and waste streams. In this study, the principle and application of DMP for sustainable wastewater treatment and prospects of chemical remediation are reviewed and discussed. In addition, the separation of dissolved metal ions in wastewater settings without the use of pressure driven gradients or external energy supply membrane technologies is highlighted. Furthermore, DMP distinctive configurations and operational factors are explored and the prospects of integrating them into the wastewater treatment plants are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Asante-Sackey
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4001, South Africa; (D.A.-S.); (S.R.); (E.O.E.)
| | - Sudesh Rathilal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4001, South Africa; (D.A.-S.); (S.R.); (E.O.E.)
| | - Emmanuel Kweinor Tetteh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4001, South Africa; (D.A.-S.); (S.R.); (E.O.E.)
| | - Elorm Obotey Ezugbe
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4001, South Africa; (D.A.-S.); (S.R.); (E.O.E.)
| | - Lingham V. Pillay
- Department of Process Engineering, Stellenbosch University, Matieland 7600, South Africa;
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12
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Zelovich T, Tuckerman ME. OH - and H 3O + Diffusion in Model AEMs and PEMs at Low Hydration: Insights from Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:355. [PMID: 34066142 PMCID: PMC8151131 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11050355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Fuel cell-based anion-exchange membranes (AEMs) and proton exchange membranes (PEMs) are considered to have great potential as cost-effective, clean energy conversion devices. However, a fundamental atomistic understanding of the hydroxide and hydronium diffusion mechanisms in the AEM and PEM environment is an ongoing challenge. In this work, we aim to identify the fundamental atomistic steps governing hydroxide and hydronium transport phenomena. The motivation of this work lies in the fact that elucidating the key design differences between the hydroxide and hydronium diffusion mechanisms will play an important role in the discovery and determination of key design principles for the synthesis of new membrane materials with high ion conductivity for use in emerging fuel cell technologies. To this end, ab initio molecular dynamics simulations are presented to explore hydroxide and hydronium ion solvation complexes and diffusion mechanisms in the model AEM and PEM systems at low hydration in confined environments. We find that hydroxide diffusion in AEMs is mostly vehicular, while hydronium diffusion in model PEMs is structural. Furthermore, we find that the region between each pair of cations in AEMs creates a bottleneck for hydroxide diffusion, leading to a suppression of diffusivity, while the anions in PEMs become active participants in the hydronium diffusion, suggesting that the presence of the anions in model PEMs could potentially promote hydronium diffusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamar Zelovich
- Department of Chemistry, New York University (NYU), New York 10003, NY, USA
| | - Mark E. Tuckerman
- Department of Chemistry, New York University (NYU), New York 10003, NY, USA
- Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences, New York University (NYU), New York, NY 10012, USA
- NYU-ECNU Center for Computational Chemistry at NYU Shanghai, 3663 Zhongshan Rd. North, Shanghai 200062, China
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13
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Roy S, Ghorai A, Komber H, Voit B, Banerjee S. Synthesis of 2,2′-hindered pyridine containing semifluorinated polytriazoles and investigation for low-temperature proton exchange membrane application with enhanced oxidative stability. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.109898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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14
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Zelovich T, Tuckerman ME. Water Layering Affects Hydroxide Diffusion in Functionalized Nanoconfined Environments. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:5087-5091. [PMID: 32515960 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c01141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In functionalized nanoconfined environments of the type employed in the study of anion exchange membranes (AEMs), a unique set of water layers forms as a result of the presence of cations and the proximity of the waters to the edges of the confining volume. In this work, we employ fully atomistic ab initio molecular dynamics in order to provide a clear picture of the solvation patterns and diffusion mechanisms of the hydroxide ion within each water layer. We find that each water layer supports a particular dominant coordination pattern for the hydroxide ion and that these solvation complexes differ among the layers. As these solvation structures affect the rate of hydroxide diffusion, it is suggested that different water layers can either promote or suppress diffusion. We believe the results presented in this work elucidate water layer features that influence hydroxide transport and can provide a guide for engineering AEMs with high hydroxide conductivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamar Zelovich
- Department of Chemistry, New York University (NYU), New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Mark E Tuckerman
- Department of Chemistry, New York University (NYU), New York, New York 10003, United States
- Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences, New York University (NYU), New York, New York 10003, United States
- NYU-ECNU Center for Computational Chemistry at NYU Shanghai, 3663 Zhongshan Rd. North, Shanghai 200062, China
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15
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Comtet J, Grosjean B, Glushkov E, Avsar A, Watanabe K, Taniguchi T, Vuilleumier R, Bocquet ML, Radenovic A. Direct observation of water-mediated single-proton transport between hBN surface defects. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 15:598-604. [PMID: 32451503 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-020-0695-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Aqueous proton transport at interfaces is ubiquitous and crucial for a number of fields, ranging from cellular transport and signalling, to catalysis and membrane science. However, due to their light mass, small size and high chemical reactivity, uncovering the surface transport of single protons at room temperature and in an aqueous environment has so far remained out-of-reach of conventional atomic-scale surface science techniques, such as scanning tunnelling microscopy. Here, we use single-molecule localization microscopy to resolve optically the transport of individual excess protons at the interface of hexagonal boron nitride crystals and aqueous solutions at room temperature. Single excess proton trajectories are revealed by the successive protonation and activation of optically active defects at the surface of the crystal. Our observations demonstrate, at the single-molecule scale, that the solid/water interface provides a preferential pathway for lateral proton transport, with broad implications for molecular charge transport at liquid interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Comtet
- Laboratory of Nanoscale Biology, Institute of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Benoit Grosjean
- PASTEUR, Département de chimie, École normale supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Evgenii Glushkov
- Laboratory of Nanoscale Biology, Institute of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ahmet Avsar
- Electrical Engineering Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Japan
| | | | - Rodolphe Vuilleumier
- PASTEUR, Département de chimie, École normale supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Laure Bocquet
- PASTEUR, Département de chimie, École normale supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Aleksandra Radenovic
- Laboratory of Nanoscale Biology, Institute of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.
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16
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Loche P, Ayaz C, Wolde-Kidan A, Schlaich A, Netz RR. Universal and Nonuniversal Aspects of Electrostatics in Aqueous Nanoconfinement. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:4365-4371. [PMID: 32364728 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c01967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Dielectric water properties, which significantly change in confinement, determine electrostatic interactions and thereby influence all molecular forces and chemical reactions. We present comparative simulations of water between graphene sheets, decanol monolayers, and phospholipid and glycolipid bilayers. Generally, dielectric profiles strongly differ in perpendicular and parallel surface directions and for large surface separation decay to the bulk value 1-2 nm away from the surface. Polar surface groups enhance the local interfacial dielectric response and for phospholipid bilayers induce a giant parallel contribution. A mapping on a box model with asymptotically determined effective water layer widths demonstrates that the perpendicular effective dielectric constant for all systems decreases for confinement below a nanometer, while the parallel one stays rather constant. The confinement-dependent perpendicular effective dielectric constant for graphene is in agreement with experimental data only if the effective water layer width is suitably adjusted. The interactions between two charges at small separation depend on the product of parallel and perpendicular effective water dielectric components; for large separation the interactions depend on the confining medium. For metallic confining media the interactions at large separation decay exponentially with a decay length that depends on the ratio of the effective parallel and perpendicular water dielectric components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Loche
- Fachbereich Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Cihan Ayaz
- Fachbereich Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Roland R Netz
- Fachbereich Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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17
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Artemov VG, Uykur E, Kapralov PO, Kiselev A, Stevenson K, Ouerdane H, Dressel M. Anomalously High Proton Conduction of Interfacial Water. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:3623-3628. [PMID: 32329348 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c00910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Water at the solid-liquid interface exhibits an anomalous ionic conductivity and dielectric constant compared to bulk water. Both phenomena still lack a detailed understanding. Here, we report radio-frequency measurements and analyses of the electrodynamic properties of interfacial water confined in nanoporous matrices formed by diamond grains of various sizes, ranging from 5 nm to 0.5 μm in diameter. Contrary to bulk water, the charge-carrying protons/holes in interfacial water are not mutually screened, allowing for higher mobility in the external electric field. Thus, the protonic conductivity reaches a maximum value, which can be 5 orders of magnitude higher than that of bulk water. Our results aid in the understanding of physical and chemical properties of water confined in porous materials and pave the way to the development of new type of highly efficient proton-conductive materials for applications in electrochemical energy systems, membrane separations science, and nanofluidics.
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Affiliation(s)
- V G Artemov
- Center for Energy Science and Technology, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 121205 Moscow, Russia
| | - E Uykur
- 1. Physikalisches Institut, Universität Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | | | - A Kiselev
- Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - K Stevenson
- Center for Energy Science and Technology, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 121205 Moscow, Russia
| | - H Ouerdane
- Center for Energy Science and Technology, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 121205 Moscow, Russia
| | - M Dressel
- 1. Physikalisches Institut, Universität Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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18
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Zeng Y, Li A, Yan T. Hydrogen Bond Dynamics in the Solvation Shell on Proton Transfer in Aqueous Solution. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:1817-1823. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c00990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yonghui Zeng
- Institute of New Energy Material Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Ailin Li
- College of Science, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin 300300, China
| | - Tianying Yan
- Institute of New Energy Material Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
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19
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Zheng P, Liu Q, Wang D, Li Z, Meng Y, Zheng Y. Preparation of Covalent-Ionically Cross-Linked UiO-66-NH 2/Sulfonated Aromatic Composite Proton Exchange Membranes With Excellent Performance. Front Chem 2020; 8:56. [PMID: 32133339 PMCID: PMC7039937 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), as newly emerging filler materials for polyelectrolytes, show many compelling intrinsic features, such as variable structural designability and modifiability of proton conductivity. In this manuscript, UiO-66-NH2, a stable MOF with -NH2 functional groups in its ligands, was selected to achieve a high-performance sulfonated poly(arylene ether nitrile)s (SPENs)/UiO-66-NH2-x covalent-ionically cross-linked composite membrane. Simultaneously, the obtained composite membranes displayed excellent thermal stability and dimensional stability. The as-prepared SPEN/UiO-66-NH2-x cross-linked membranes exhibited higher proton conductivity than recast SPENs, which can be attributed to the construction of ionic clusters and well-connected ionic nanochannels along the interface between UiO-66-NH2-x and SPEN matrix via molecular interactions. Meanwhile, the methanol permeability of the SPEN/UiO-66-NH2-x composite membrane had been effectively reduced due to the barrier effect of cross-linking and the addition of UiO-66-NH2-x. The SPEN/UiO-66-NH2-5 composite membrane had the highest selectivity of 6.42 × 105 S·s·cm−3: 14.3-times higher than that of Nafion 117. The preparation of cross-linked UiO-66-NH2/SPEN composite was facile, which provides a new strategy for preparing high performance proton exchange membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penglun Zheng
- College of Civil Aviation Safety Engineering, Civil Aviation Flight University of China, Guanghan, China
| | - Quanyi Liu
- College of Civil Aviation Safety Engineering, Civil Aviation Flight University of China, Guanghan, China
| | - Donghui Wang
- College of Civil Aviation Safety Engineering, Civil Aviation Flight University of China, Guanghan, China
| | - Zekun Li
- College of Civil Aviation Safety Engineering, Civil Aviation Flight University of China, Guanghan, China
| | - Yawei Meng
- College of Civil Aviation Safety Engineering, Civil Aviation Flight University of China, Guanghan, China
| | - Yun Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
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20
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da Silva JS, Carvalho SGM, da Silva RP, Tavares AC, Schade U, Puskar L, Fonseca FC, Matos BR. SAXS signature of the lamellar ordering of ionic domains of perfluorinated sulfonic-acid ionomers by electric and magnetic field-assisted casting. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:13764-13779. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cp01864c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The origins of the matrix and ionomer peaks of Nafion SAXS pattern are revisited.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rodrigo P. da Silva
- Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares
- IPEN-CNEN/SP
- São Paulo 05508000
- Brazil
| | - Ana C. Tavares
- Énergie
- Matériaux et Télécommunications (INRS-EMT)
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique
- Varennes
- Canada
| | - Ulrich Schade
- Methoden der Materialentwicklung
- Helmholtz-Zentrum für Materialien und Energie GmbH
- Berlin
- Germany
| | - Ljiljana Puskar
- Methoden der Materialentwicklung
- Helmholtz-Zentrum für Materialien und Energie GmbH
- Berlin
- Germany
| | - Fabio C. Fonseca
- Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares
- IPEN-CNEN/SP
- São Paulo 05508000
- Brazil
| | - Bruno R. Matos
- Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares
- IPEN-CNEN/SP
- São Paulo 05508000
- Brazil
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21
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Roget SA, Kramer PL, Thomaz JE, Fayer MD. Bulk-like and Interfacial Water Dynamics in Nafion Fuel Cell Membranes Investigated with Ultrafast Nonlinear IR Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:9408-9417. [PMID: 31580076 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b07592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The water confined in the hydrophilic domains of Nafion fuel cell membranes is central to its primary function of ion transport. Water dynamics are intimately linked to proton transfer and are sensitive to the structural features and length scales of confinement. Here, ultrafast polarization-selective pump-probe and two-dimensional infrared vibrational echo (2D IR) experiments were performed on fully hydrated Nafion membranes with sodium counterions to explicate the water dynamics. Like aerosol-OT reverse micelles (AOT RMs), the water dynamics in Nafion are attributed to bulk-like core water in the central region of the hydrophilic domains and much slower interfacial water. Population and orientational dynamics of water in Nafion are slowed by polymer confinement. Comparison of the observed dynamics to those of AOT RMs helps identify local interactions between water and sulfonate anions at the interface and among water molecules in the core. This comparison also demonstrates that the well-known spherical cluster morphology of Nafion is not appropriate. Spectral diffusion of the interfacial water, which arises from structural dynamics, was obtained from the 2D IR experiments taking the core water to have dynamics similar to bulk water. Like the orientational dynamics, spectral diffusion was found to be much slower at the interface compared to bulk water. Together, the dynamics indicate slow reorganization of weakly hydrogen-bonded water molecules at the interface of Nafion. These results provide insights into proton transport mechanisms in fuel cell membranes, and more generally, water dynamics near the interface of confining systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean A Roget
- Department of Chemistry , Stanford University , Stanford , California 94305 , United States
| | - Patrick L Kramer
- Department of Chemistry , Stanford University , Stanford , California 94305 , United States
| | - Joseph E Thomaz
- Department of Chemistry , Stanford University , Stanford , California 94305 , United States
| | - Michael D Fayer
- Department of Chemistry , Stanford University , Stanford , California 94305 , United States
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22
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A Novel Method for Humidity-Dependent Through-Plane Impedance Measurement for Proton Conducting Polymer Membranes. MEMBRANES 2019; 9:membranes9050062. [PMID: 31067800 PMCID: PMC6571940 DOI: 10.3390/membranes9050062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we introduce a through-plane electrochemical measurement cell for proton conducting polymer membranes (PEM) with the ability to vary temperature and humidity. Model Nafion and 3M membranes, as well as anisotropic composite membranes, were used to compare through plane and in plane conductivity. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was applied to evaluate the proton conductivity of bare proton exchange membranes. In the Nyquist plots, all membranes showed a straight line with an angle of 60–70 degrees to the Z’-axis. Equivalent circuit modeling and linear extrapolation of the impedance data were compared to extract the membrane resistance. System and cell parameters such as high frequency inductance, contact resistance and pressure, interfacial capacitance were observed and instrumentally minimized. Material-related effects, such as swelling of the membranes and indentation of the platinum mesh electrodes were examined thoroughly to receive a reliable through-plane conductivity. The received data for model Nafion and 3M membranes were in accordance with literature values for in-plane and through-plane conductivity of membrane electrode assemblies. Anisotropic composite membranes underlined the importance of a sophisticated measurement technique that is able to separate the in-plane and through-plane effects in polymer electrolytes.
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