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Yang CY, Lien CI, Tseng YC, Tu YF, Kulczyk AW, Lu YC, Wang YT, Su TW, Hsu LC, Lo YC, Lin SC. Deciphering DED assembly mechanisms in FADD-procaspase-8-cFLIP complexes regulating apoptosis. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3791. [PMID: 38710704 PMCID: PMC11074299 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47990-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Fas-associated protein with death domain (FADD), procaspase-8, and cellular FLICE-inhibitory proteins (cFLIP) assemble through death-effector domains (DEDs), directing death receptor signaling towards cell survival or apoptosis. Understanding their three-dimensional regulatory mechanism has been limited by the absence of atomic coordinates for their ternary DED complex. By employing X-ray crystallography and cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM), we present the atomic coordinates of human FADD-procaspase-8-cFLIP complexes, revealing structural insights into these critical interactions. These structures illustrate how FADD and cFLIP orchestrate the assembly of caspase-8-containing complexes and offer mechanistic explanations for their role in promoting or inhibiting apoptotic and necroptotic signaling. A helical procaspase-8-cFLIP hetero-double layer in the complex appears to promote limited caspase-8 activation for cell survival. Our structure-guided mutagenesis supports the role of the triple-FADD complex in caspase-8 activation and in regulating receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1). These results propose a unified mechanism for DED assembly and procaspase-8 activation in the regulation of apoptotic and necroptotic signaling across various cellular pathways involved in development, innate immunity, and disease.
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Grants
- AS-TP-107-L16, AS-TP-107-L16-1, AS-102-TP-B14 and AS-102-TP-B14-2 Academia Sinica
- AS-TP-107-L16-2 and AS-102-TP-B14-1 Academia Sinica
- AS-TP-107-L16-3 Academia Sinica
- MoST 107-2320-B-001-018-, 108-2311-B-001-018-, 109-2311-B-001-016-, and 110-2311-B-001-015- Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan)
- MoST 107-2320-B-006-062-MY3, and 111-2311-B-006-005-MY3 Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan)
- MoST 108-2320-B-002-020-MY3, 111-2320-B-002-048-MY3, and 112-2326-B-002-007- Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan)
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Yu Yang
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Chia-I Lien
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10002, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chun Tseng
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Fan Tu
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
| | - Arkadiusz W Kulczyk
- Institute for Quantitative Biomedicine, Rutgers University, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Yen-Chen Lu
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Ting Wang
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Wei Su
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Li-Chung Hsu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10002, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10002, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Chih Lo
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan.
| | - Su-Chang Lin
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.
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2
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Sazonova EV, Yapryntseva MA, Pervushin NV, Tsvetcov RI, Zhivotovsky B, Kopeina GS. Cancer Drug Resistance: Targeting Proliferation or Programmed Cell Death. Cells 2024; 13:388. [PMID: 38474352 DOI: 10.3390/cells13050388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of resistance to chemotherapy is one of the main problems for effective cancer treatment. Drug resistance may result from disturbances in two important physiological processes-cell proliferation and cell death. Importantly, both processes characterize alterations in cell metabolism, the level of which is often measured using MTT/MTS assays. To examine resistance to chemotherapy, different cancer cell lines are usually used for the in vitro modulation of developing resistance. However, after the creation of resistant cell lines, researchers often have difficulty in starting investigations of the mechanisms of insensitivity. In the first stage, researchers should address the question of whether the drug resistance results from a depression of cell proliferation or an inhibition of cell death. To simplify the choice of research strategy, we have suggested a combination of different approaches which reveal the actual mechanism. This combination includes rapid and high-throughput methods such as the MTS test, the LIVE/DEAD assay, real-time cell metabolic analysis, and Western blotting. To create chemoresistant tumor cells, we used four different cancer cell lines of various origins and utilized the most clinically relevant pulse-selection approach. Applying a set of methodological approaches, we demonstrated that three of them were more capable of modulating proliferation to avoid the cytostatic effects of anti-cancer drugs. At the same time, one of the studied cell lines developed resistance to cell death, overcoming the cytotoxic action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena V Sazonova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Medicine, MV Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria A Yapryntseva
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Medicine, MV Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikolay V Pervushin
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Medicine, MV Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Roman I Tsvetcov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Medicine, MV Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Boris Zhivotovsky
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Medicine, MV Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Division of Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, P.O. Box 210, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gelina S Kopeina
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Medicine, MV Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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3
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Yang Y, Yang Y, Shen Y, Liu J, Zeng Y, Wei C, Liu C, Pan Y, Guo Q, Zhong F, Guo L, Liu W. Exploring the pharmacological mechanisms of Shuanghuanglian against T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia through network pharmacology combined with molecular docking and experimental validation. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2023; 61:259-270. [PMID: 36656546 PMCID: PMC9858418 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2023.2168703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Due to the poor prognosis of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (T-ALL), there is an urgent need to identify safer and more cost-effective drugs. OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the antitumour activity of Shuanghuanglian (SHL) on T-ALL cells and elucidated the mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS Jurkat and Molt4 cells were treated with SHL (0.1, 0.2 and 0.4 mg/mL) for 24 and 48 h. The controls were treated with RPMI 1640 containing 10% foetal bovine serum. Cell viability was evaluated through Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. Patterns of death and signalling pathway alterations caused by SHL were identified by network pharmacology combined with GO enrichment analysis and then were verified by Hoechst 33342 staining, Annexin V-FITC/PI staining and Western blotting. Interactions of the active ingredients with targets were analysed by molecular docking. RESULTS The IC50 values of SHL in Jurkat and Molt4 cells were 0.30 ± 0.10 and 0.48 ± 0.07 mg/mL, respectively, at 24 h and 0.27 ± 0.05 and 0.30 ± 0.03 mg/mL at 48 h. In T-ALL, 117 target genes of SHL were mainly enriched in the apoptosis and NOTCH signalling pathways. SHL induced apoptosis was confirmed by Hoechst 33342 staining and flow cytometry. The protein levels of cleaved caspase-7 and cleaved PARP were significantly increased but those of cleaved NOTCH1 and MYC were reduced. The active ingredients of SHL can interact with γ-secretase.Discussion and conclusions: SHL induces apoptosis in T-ALL cells via the NOTCH1-MYC pathway and may be a potential drug for the treatment of T-ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Yang
- Department of Pediatrics (Children Hematological Oncology), Birth Defects and Childhood Hematological Oncology Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Pediatrics (Children Hematological Oncology), Birth Defects and Childhood Hematological Oncology Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yunfu Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Pediatrics (Children Hematological Oncology), Birth Defects and Childhood Hematological Oncology Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yan Zeng
- Department of Pediatrics (Children Hematological Oncology), Birth Defects and Childhood Hematological Oncology Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Chengming Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Chunyan Liu
- Department of Pediatrics (Children Hematological Oncology), Birth Defects and Childhood Hematological Oncology Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yansha Pan
- Department of Pediatrics (Children Hematological Oncology), Birth Defects and Childhood Hematological Oncology Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Qulian Guo
- Department of Pediatrics (Children Hematological Oncology), Birth Defects and Childhood Hematological Oncology Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Fangfang Zhong
- Department of Pediatrics (Children Hematological Oncology), Birth Defects and Childhood Hematological Oncology Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Ling Guo
- Department of Pediatrics (Children Hematological Oncology), Birth Defects and Childhood Hematological Oncology Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenjun Liu
- Department of Pediatrics (Children Hematological Oncology), Birth Defects and Childhood Hematological Oncology Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
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Lu D, Liu Y, Huang H, Hu M, Li T, Wang S, Shen S, Wu R, Cai W, Lu T, Lu Z. Melatonin Offers Dual-Phase Protection to Brain Vessel Endothelial Cells in Prolonged Cerebral Ischemia-Recanalization Through Ameliorating ER Stress and Resolving Refractory Stress Granule. Transl Stroke Res 2023; 14:910-928. [PMID: 36181629 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-022-01084-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/07/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic-reperfusion injury limits the time window of recanalization therapy in cerebral acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Brain vessel endothelial cells (BVECs) form the first layer of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and are thus the first sufferer of ischemic-reperfusion disorder. The current study demonstrates that melatonin can reduce infarct volume, alleviate brain edema, ameliorate neurological deficits, and protect BBB integrity in prolonged-stroke mice. Here, we demonstrate that endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated injury contributes to BVEC death in the dural phase of reperfusion after prolonged ischemia. When encountering ischemia, ER stress arises, specifically activating PERK-EIF2α signaling and the subsequent programmed cell death. Prolonged ischemia leads stress granules (SGs) to be refractory, which remain unresolved and accumulate in ER during recanalization. During reperfusion, refractory SGs activate PKR-EIF2α and further exacerbate BVEC injury. We report that melatonin treatment downregulates ER stress in the ischemic period and enhances dissociation of the refractory SGs during reperfusion, thus offering dual-phase protection to BVECs in prolonged cerebral stroke. Mechanistically, melatonin enhances autophagy in BVECs, which preserves ER function and resolves refractory SGs. We, therefore, propose that melatonin is a potential treatment to extend the time window of delayed recanalization therapy in AIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danli Lu
- Department of Neurology, Mental and Neurological Disease Research Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Yuxin Liu
- Department of Neurology, Mental and Neurological Disease Research Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Huipeng Huang
- Department of Neurology, Mental and Neurological Disease Research Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Mengyan Hu
- Department of Neurology, Mental and Neurological Disease Research Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Tiemei Li
- Department of Neurology, Mental and Neurological Disease Research Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Shisi Wang
- Department of Neurology, Mental and Neurological Disease Research Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Shishi Shen
- Department of Neurology, Mental and Neurological Disease Research Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Ruizhen Wu
- Department of Neurology, Mental and Neurological Disease Research Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Wei Cai
- Department of Neurology, Mental and Neurological Disease Research Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
- Center of Clinical Immunology, Mental and Neurological Disease Research Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
| | - Tingting Lu
- Department of Neurology, Mental and Neurological Disease Research Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
| | - Zhengqi Lu
- Department of Neurology, Mental and Neurological Disease Research Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
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5
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Shinoda N, Horikoshi M, Taira Y, Muramoto M, Hirayama S, Murata S, Miura M. Caspase cleaves Drosophila BubR1 to modulate spindle assembly checkpoint function and lifespan of the organism. FEBS J 2023; 290:4200-4223. [PMID: 37151120 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Caspases cleave over 1500 substrates in the human proteome in both lethal and non-lethal scenarios. However, reports of the physiological consequences of substrate cleavage are limited. Additionally, the manner in which caspase cleaves only a subset of substrates in the non-lethal scenario remains to be elucidated. BubR1, a spindle assembly checkpoint component, is a caspase substrate in humans, the physiological function of which remains unclear. Here, we found that caspases, especially Drice, cleave Drosophila BubR1 between the N-terminal KEN box motif and C-terminal kinase domain. By using proximity labelling, we found that Drice, but not Dcp-1, is in proximity to BubR1, suggesting that protein proximity facilitates substrate preference. The cleaved fragments displayed altered subcellular localization and protein-protein interactions. Flies that harboured cleavage-resistant BubR1 showed longer duration of BubR1 localization to the kinetochore upon colchicine treatment. Furthermore, these flies showed extended lifespan. Thus, we propose that the caspase-mediated cleavage of BubR1 limits spindle assembly checkpoint and organismal lifespan. Our results highlight the importance of the individual analysis of substrates in vivo to determine the biological significance of caspase-dependent non-lethal cellular processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natsuki Shinoda
- Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Misuzu Horikoshi
- Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Yusuke Taira
- Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Masaya Muramoto
- Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Shoshiro Hirayama
- Laboratory of Protein Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Shigeo Murata
- Laboratory of Protein Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Masayuki Miura
- Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
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Gao F, Liu G, Qiao Y, Dong X, Liu L. Streptavidin-Conjugated DNA for the Boronate Affinity-Based Detection of Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1 with Improved Sensitivity. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:723. [PMID: 37504121 PMCID: PMC10377026 DOI: 10.3390/bios13070723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
This work reports the development of a fluorescence method for the detection of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP1), in which a phenylboronic acid-modified fluorescein isothiocyanate dye (FITC-PBA) was used to recognize the formed poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) polymer. The detection system was designed by conjugating recombinant streptavidin (rSA) with PARP1-specific double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) through streptavidin-biotin interaction. Capture of PARP1 via rSA-biotin-dsDNA allowed for the poly-ADP-ribosylation (PARylation) of both rSA and PARP1 in a homogeneous solution. The resulting rSA-biotin-dsDNA/PAR conjugates were then captured and separated via the commercialized nitrilotriacetic acid-nickel ion-modified magnetic bead (MB-NTA-Ni) through the interaction between NTA-Ni on MB surface and oligohistidine (His6) tag in rSA. The PAR polymer could capture the dye of FITC-PBA through the borate ester interaction between the boronic acid moiety in PBA and the cis-diol group in ribose, thus causing a decrease in fluorescence signal. The PARylation of streptavidin and the influence of steric hindrance on PARylation efficiency were confirmed using reasonable detection strategies. The method showed a wide linear range (0.01~20 U) and a low detection limit (0.01 U). This work should be valuable for the development of novel biosensors for the detection of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases and diol-containing species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengli Gao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Gang Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang 455000, China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yishu Qiao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Xiuwen Dong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Lin Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang 455000, China
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7
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Chen L, Xie W, Wu K, Meng Y, He Y, Cai J, Jiang Y, Zhao Q, Yang Y, Zhang M, Lu M, Lin S, Liang L, Zhang Z. Continuous nutrient supply culture strategy controls multivesicular endosomes pathway and anti-photo-aging miRNA cargo loading of extracellular vesicles. J Tissue Eng 2023; 14:20417314231197604. [PMID: 37674933 PMCID: PMC10478562 DOI: 10.1177/20417314231197604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicle (EV) therapy recently had shown significant efficacy in various diseases. Serum starvation culture (SC) is one of the most widely used methods for collecting EVs. However, SC may cause inadvertent effects and eventually dampen the therapeutic potential of EVs. Therefore, we developed a novel method for EV collection, continuous nutrient supply culture (CC), which can provide an optimal condition for mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) by continuously supplying essential nutrients to MSCs. By comparing with SC strategy, we revealed that CC could maintain CC-MSCs in a normal autophagy and apoptotic state, which reduced the shunting of EV precursors in cells and useless information material carried by EVs. In CC-MSCs, the expression levels of endosomal sorting complexes required for transport (ESCRT) and targeting GTPase27 (Rab27) were upregulated compared to those in SC-MSCs. Besides, we analyzed the membrane transport efficiency of EV formation, which demonstrated the CC strategy could promote the formation of EV precursors and the release of EVs. In addition, miRNA analysis revealed that CC-EVs were enriched with anti-chronic inflammatory factors, which could inhibit the nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) pathway, mitigate chronic inflammation, and effectively repair skin photo-aging damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihao Chen
- Translational Research Centre of Regenerative Medicine and 3D Printing of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical Technology and Related Equipment Research for Spinal Injury Treatment, City Key Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Weihan Xie
- Translational Research Centre of Regenerative Medicine and 3D Printing of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical Technology and Related Equipment Research for Spinal Injury Treatment, City Key Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Keke Wu
- Translational Research Centre of Regenerative Medicine and 3D Printing of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical Technology and Related Equipment Research for Spinal Injury Treatment, City Key Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuan Meng
- Translational Research Centre of Regenerative Medicine and 3D Printing of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical Technology and Related Equipment Research for Spinal Injury Treatment, City Key Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yijun He
- Translational Research Centre of Regenerative Medicine and 3D Printing of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical Technology and Related Equipment Research for Spinal Injury Treatment, City Key Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiawei Cai
- Translational Research Centre of Regenerative Medicine and 3D Printing of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical Technology and Related Equipment Research for Spinal Injury Treatment, City Key Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuan Jiang
- Translational Research Centre of Regenerative Medicine and 3D Printing of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical Technology and Related Equipment Research for Spinal Injury Treatment, City Key Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Translational Research Centre of Regenerative Medicine and 3D Printing of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical Technology and Related Equipment Research for Spinal Injury Treatment, City Key Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yixi Yang
- Translational Research Centre of Regenerative Medicine and 3D Printing of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical Technology and Related Equipment Research for Spinal Injury Treatment, City Key Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Minru Zhang
- Translational Research Centre of Regenerative Medicine and 3D Printing of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical Technology and Related Equipment Research for Spinal Injury Treatment, City Key Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Manping Lu
- Yue Dong Hospital District of Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Meizhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shaozhang Lin
- Translational Research Centre of Regenerative Medicine and 3D Printing of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical Technology and Related Equipment Research for Spinal Injury Treatment, City Key Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lin Liang
- Translational Research Centre of Regenerative Medicine and 3D Printing of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical Technology and Related Equipment Research for Spinal Injury Treatment, City Key Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- Translational Research Centre of Regenerative Medicine and 3D Printing of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical Technology and Related Equipment Research for Spinal Injury Treatment, City Key Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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8
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Turchi R, Tortolici F, Benvenuto M, Punziano C, De Luca A, Rufini S, Faraonio R, Bei R, Lettieri-Barbato D, Aquilano K. Low Sulfur Amino Acid, High Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Diet Inhibits Breast Cancer Growth. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010249. [PMID: 36613691 PMCID: PMC9820692 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells may acquire resistance to stress signals and reprogram metabolism to meet the energetic demands to support their high proliferation rate and avoid death. Hence, targeting nutrient dependencies of cancer cells has been suggested as a promising anti-cancer strategy. We explored the possibility of killing breast cancer (BC) cells by modifying nutrient availability. We used in vitro models of BC (MCF7 and MDA-MB-231) that were maintained with a low amount of sulfur amino acids (SAAs) and a high amount of oxidizable polyunsatured fatty acids (PUFAs). Treatment with anti-apoptotic, anti-ferroptotic and antioxidant drugs were used to determine the modality of cell death. We reproduced these conditions in vivo by feeding BC-bearing mice with a diet poor in proteins and SAAs and rich in PUFAs (LSAA/HPUFA). Western blot analysis, qPCR and histological analyses were used to assess the anti-cancer effects and the molecular pathways involved. We found that BC cells underwent oxidative damage to DNA and proteins and both apoptosis and ferroptosis were induced. Along with caspases-mediated PARP1 cleavage, we found a lowering of the GSH-GPX4 system and an increase of lipid peroxides. A LSAA/HPUFA diet reduced tumor mass and its vascularization and immune cell infiltration, and induced apoptosis and ferroptotic hallmarks. Furthermore, mitochondrial mass was found to be increased, and the buffering of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species limited GPX4 reduction and DNA damage. Our results suggest that administration of custom diets, targeting the dependency of cancer cells on certain nutrients, can represent a promising complementary option for anti-cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Turchi
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Flavia Tortolici
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Monica Benvenuto
- Departmental Faculty of Medicine, Saint Camillus International University of Health and Medical Sciences, 00131 Rome, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Carolina Punziano
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Anastasia De Luca
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Rufini
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Raffaella Faraonio
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Roberto Bei
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Daniele Lettieri-Barbato
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- IRCCS Santa Lucia, 00179 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: (D.L.-B.); (K.A.)
| | - Katia Aquilano
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: (D.L.-B.); (K.A.)
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9
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Vicari HP, Lima K, Costa-Lotufo LV, Machado-Neto JA. Cellular and Molecular Effects of Eribulin in Preclinical Models of Hematologic Neoplasms. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14246080. [PMID: 36551566 PMCID: PMC9776580 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14246080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the advances in understanding the biology of hematologic neoplasms which has resulted in the approval of new drugs, the therapeutic options are still scarce for relapsed/refractory patients. Eribulin is a unique microtubule inhibitor that is currently being used in the therapy for metastatic breast cancer and soft tissue tumors. Here, we uncover eribulin's cellular and molecular effects in a molecularly heterogeneous panel of hematologic neoplasms. Eribulin reduced cell viability and clonogenicity and promoted apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. The minimal effects of eribulin observed in the normal leukocytes suggested selectivity for malignant blood cells. In the molecular scenario, eribulin induces DNA damage and apoptosis markers. The ABCB1, ABCC1, p-AKT, p-NFκB, and NFκB levels were associated with responsiveness to eribulin in blood cancer cells, and a resistance eribulin-related target score was constructed. Combining eribulin with elacridar (a P-glycoprotein inhibitor), but not with PDTC (an NFkB inhibitor), increases eribulin-induced apoptosis in leukemia cells. In conclusion, our data indicate that eribulin leads to mitotic catastrophe and cell death in blood cancer cells. The expression and activation of MDR1, PI3K/AKT, and the NFκB-related targets may be biomarkers of the eribulin response, and the combined treatment of eribulin and elacridar may overcome drug resistance in these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Passos Vicari
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulos 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Keli Lima
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulos 05508-000, Brazil
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation in Pathogenesis and Targeted Therapy in Onco-Immuno-Hematology (LIM-31), Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology Division, Faculdade de Medicina, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Leticia Veras Costa-Lotufo
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulos 05508-000, Brazil
| | - João Agostinho Machado-Neto
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulos 05508-000, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-11-3091-7467
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10
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U5 snRNP Core Proteins Are Key Components of the Defense Response against Viral Infection through Their Roles in Programmed Cell Death and Interferon Induction. Viruses 2022; 14:v14122710. [PMID: 36560714 PMCID: PMC9785106 DOI: 10.3390/v14122710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The spliceosome is a massive ribonucleoprotein structure composed of five small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP) complexes that catalyze the removal of introns from pre-mature RNA during constitutive and alternative splicing. EFTUD2, PRPF8, and SNRNP200 are core components of the U5 snRNP, which is crucial for spliceosome function as it coordinates and performs the last steps of the splicing reaction. Several studies have demonstrated U5 snRNP proteins as targeted during viral infection, with a limited understanding of their involvement in virus-host interactions. In the present study, we deciphered the respective impact of EFTUD2, PRPF8, and SNRNP200 on viral replication using mammalian reovirus as a model. Using a combination of RNA silencing, real-time cell analysis, cell death and viral replication assays, we discovered distinct and partially overlapping novel roles for EFTUD2, PRPF8, and SNRNP200 in cell survival, apoptosis, necroptosis, and the induction of the interferon response pathway. For instance, we demonstrated that EFTUD2 and SNRNP200 are required for both apoptosis and necroptosis, whereas EFTUD2 and PRPF8 are required for optimal interferon response against viral infection. Moreover, we demonstrated that EFTUD2 restricts viral replication, both in a single cycle and multiple cycles of viral replication. Altogether, these results establish U5 snRNP core components as key elements of the cellular antiviral response.
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11
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The Antitumor Effect of TPD52L2 Silencing on Oxaliplatin-Resistant Gastric Carcinoma Is Related to Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress In Vitro. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:4451178. [PMID: 35087592 PMCID: PMC8789433 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4451178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Tumor protein D52-like 2 or simply TPD52L2 belongs to the TPD52 family which has been implicated in a variety of human carcinomas. However, the TPD52L2 function in the gastric carcinoma oxaliplatin (OXA) resistance remains elusive. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the TPD52L2 effect in OXA-resistant gastric carcinoma cells in vitro. Oxaliplatin-resistant gastric carcinoma cells were generated in MGC-803 and SGC-7901 cells. siRNA-mediated knockdown of TPD52L2 was investigated in OXA-resistant MGC-803-OXA and SGC-7901-OXA cells. qRT-PCR was performed to assess the expression level of TPD52L2 mRNA. TPD52L2 protein expression level, apoptosis, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-associated proteins were identified via immunoblotting analysis. MTT assay was conducted for the evaluation of cell viability, while colony-forming activity was carried out via crystal violet staining. SGC-7901-OXA and MGC-803-OXA cells were found to be more resistant to OXA, as compared to the parental cell lines. The expression of TPD52L2 was found to be upregulated in OXA-resistant cells. Knockdown of TPD52L2 suppressed cell colony-forming potency, cell growth, and development in OXA-resistant cells. TPD52L2 knockdown also enhanced the PARP and caspase-3 cleavage. ER-associated proteins such as PERK, GRP78, CHOP, and IRE1α were found to be elevated in TPD52L2 knockdown cells. ER stress might be involved in TPD52L2 knockdown-induced apoptosis in OXA-resistant gastric carcinoma cells.
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12
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Kinases leave their mark on caspase substrates. Biochem J 2021; 478:3179-3184. [PMID: 34492095 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20210399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis is a cell death program that is executed by the caspases, a family of cysteine proteases that typically cleave after aspartate residues during a proteolytic cascade that systematically dismantles the dying cell. Extensive signaling crosstalk occurs between caspase-mediated proteolysis and kinase-mediated phosphorylation, enabling integration of signals from multiple pathways into the decision to commit to apoptosis. A new study from Maluch et al. examines how phosphorylation within caspase cleavage sites impacts the efficiency of substrate cleavage. The results demonstrate that while phosphorylation in close proximity to the scissile bond is generally inhibitory, it does not necessarily abrogate substrate cleavage, but instead attenuates the rate. In some cases, this inhibition can be overcome by additional favorable substrate features. These findings suggest potential nuanced physiological roles for phosphorylation of caspase substrates with exciting implications for targeting caspases with chemical probes and therapeutics.
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13
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Anson F, Thayumanavan S, Hardy JA. Exogenous Introduction of Initiator and Executioner Caspases Results in Different Apoptotic Outcomes. JACS AU 2021; 1:1240-1256. [PMID: 34467362 PMCID: PMC8385707 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.1c00261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The balance of pro-apoptotic and pro-survival proteins defines a cell's fate. These processes are controlled through an interdependent and finely tuned protein network that enables survival or leads to apoptotic cell death. The caspase family of proteases is central to this apoptotic network, with initiator and executioner caspases, and their interaction partners, regulating and executing apoptosis. In this work, we interrogate and modulate this network by exogenously introducing specific initiator or executioner caspase proteins. Each caspase is exogenously introduced using redox-responsive polymeric nanogels. Although caspase-3 might be expected to be the most effective due to the centrality of its role in apoptosis and its heightened catalytic efficiency relative to other family members, we observed that caspase-7 and caspase-9 are the most effective at inducing apoptotic cell death. By critically analyzing the introduced activity of the delivered caspase, the pattern of substrate cleavage, as well as the ability to activate endogenous caspases, we conclude that the efficacy of each caspase correlated with the levels of pro-survival factors that both directly and indirectly impact the introduced caspase. These findings lay the groundwork for developing methods for exogenous introduction of caspases as a therapeutic option that can be tuned to the apoptotic balance in a proliferating cell.
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14
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Characterization of caspase-7 interaction with RNA. Biochem J 2021; 478:2681-2696. [PMID: 34156061 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20210366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis is a regulated form of cell death essential to the removal of unwanted cells. At its core, a family of cysteine peptidases named caspases cleave key proteins allowing cell death to occur. To do so, each caspase catalytic pocket recognizes preferred amino acid sequences resulting in proteolysis, but some also use exosites to select and cleave important proteins efficaciously. Such exosites have been found in a few caspases, notably caspase-7 that has a lysine patch (K38KKK) that binds RNA, which acts as a bridge to RNA-binding proteins favoring proximity between the peptidase and its substrates resulting in swifter cleavage. Although caspase-7 interaction with RNA has been identified, in-depth characterization of this interaction is lacking. In this study, using in vitro cleavage assays, we determine that RNA concentration and length affect the cleavage of RNA-binding proteins. Additionally, using binding assays and RNA sequencing, we found that caspase-7 binds RNA molecules regardless of their type, sequence, or structure. Moreover, we demonstrate that the N-terminal peptide of caspase-7 reduces the affinity of the peptidase for RNA, which translates into slower cleavages of RNA-binding proteins. Finally, employing engineered heterodimers, we show that a caspase-7 dimer can use both exosites simultaneously to increase its affinity to RNA because a heterodimer with only one exosite has reduced affinity for RNA and cleavage efficacy. These findings shed light on a mechanism that furthers substrate recognition by caspases and provides potential insight into its regulation during apoptosis.
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15
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Fang Y, Peng K. Regulation of innate immune responses by cell death-associated caspases during virus infection. FEBS J 2021; 289:4098-4111. [PMID: 34089572 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Viruses are obligate intracellular pathogens that rely on cellular machinery for successful replication and dissemination. The host cells encode a number of different strategies to sense and restrict the invading viral pathogens. Caspase-mediated programmed cell death pathways that are triggered by virus infection, such as apoptosis and pyroptosis, provide a means for the infected cells to limit viral proliferation, leading to suicidal cell death (apoptosis) or lytic cell death and alerting uninfected cells to mount anti-viral responses (pyroptosis). However, some viruses can employ activated caspases to dampen the anti-viral responses and facilitate viral replication through cleavage of critical molecules of the innate immune pathways. The regulation of innate immune responses by caspase activation during virus infection has recently become an important topic. In this review, we briefly introduce the characteristics of different classes of caspases and the cell death pathways regulated by these caspases. We then describe how viruses trigger or dampen caspase activation during infection and how these activated caspases regulate three major innate immune response pathways of viral infections: the retinoic acid-inducible gene I-like receptor, toll-like receptor and cyclic GMP-AMP synthase-stimulator of interferon genes pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ke Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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16
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Great balls of fire: activation and signalling of inflammatory caspases. Biochem Soc Trans 2021; 49:1311-1324. [PMID: 34060593 PMCID: PMC8286819 DOI: 10.1042/bst20200986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Innate immune responses are tightly regulated by various pathways to control infections and maintain homeostasis. One of these pathways, the inflammasome pathway, activates a family of cysteine proteases called inflammatory caspases. They orchestrate an immune response by cleaving specific cellular substrates. Canonical inflammasomes activate caspase-1, whereas non-canonical inflammasomes activate caspase-4 and -5 in humans and caspase-11 in mice. Caspases are highly specific enzymes that select their substrates through diverse mechanisms. During inflammation, caspase activity is responsible for the secretion of inflammatory cytokines and the execution of a form of lytic and inflammatory cell death called pyroptosis. This review aims to bring together our current knowledge of the biochemical processes behind inflammatory caspase activation, substrate specificity, and substrate signalling.
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17
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Eleazer R, Fondufe‐Mittendorf YN. The multifaceted role of PARP1 in RNA biogenesis. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. RNA 2021; 12:e1617. [PMID: 32656996 PMCID: PMC7856298 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) are abundant nuclear proteins that synthesize ADP ribose polymers (pADPr) and catalyze the addition of (p)ADPr to target biomolecules. PARP1, the most abundant and well-studied PARP, is a multifunctional enzyme that participates in numerous critical cellular processes. A considerable amount of PARP research has focused on PARP1's role in DNA damage. However, an increasing body of evidence outlines more routine roles for PARP and PARylation in nearly every step of RNA biogenesis and metabolism. PARP1's involvement in these RNA processes is pleiotropic and has been ascribed to PARP1's unique flexible domain structures. PARP1 domains are modular self-arranged enabling it to recognize structurally diverse substrates and to act simultaneously through multiple discrete mechanisms. These mechanisms include direct PARP1-protein binding, PARP1-nucleic acid binding, covalent PARylation of target molecules, covalent autoPARylation, and induction of noncovalent interactions with PAR molecules. A combination of these mechanisms has been implicated in PARP1's context-specific regulation of RNA biogenesis and metabolism. We examine the mechanisms of PARP1 regulation in transcription initiation, elongation and termination, co-transcriptional splicing, RNA export, and post-transcriptional RNA processing. Finally, we consider promising new investigative avenues for PARP1 involvement in these processes with an emphasis on PARP1 regulation of subcellular condensates. This article is categorized under: RNA Processing > Splicing Regulation/Alternative Splicing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebekah Eleazer
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry and Markey Cancer CenterUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
| | - Yvonne N. Fondufe‐Mittendorf
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry and Markey Cancer CenterUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
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18
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Yan J, Xie Y, Si J, Gan L, Li H, Sun C, Di C, Zhang J, Huang G, Zhang X, Zhang H. Crosstalk of the Caspase Family and Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:E817. [PMID: 33467535 PMCID: PMC7830632 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell can integrate the caspase family and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling in response to cellular stress triggered by environment. It is necessary here to elucidate the direct response and interaction mechanism between the two signaling pathways in regulating cell survival and determining cell fate under cellular stress. Members of the caspase family are crucial regulators of inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum stress response and apoptosis. mTOR signaling is known to mediate cell growth, nutrition and metabolism. For instance, over-nutrition can cause the hyperactivation of mTOR signaling, which is associated with diabetes. Nutrition deprivation can inhibit mTOR signaling via SH3 domain-binding protein 4. It is striking that Ras GTPase-activating protein 1 is found to mediate cell survival in a caspase-dependent manner against increasing cellular stress, which describes a new model of apoptosis. The components of mTOR signaling-raptor can be cleaved by caspases to control cell growth. In addition, mTOR is identified to coordinate the defense process of the immune system by suppressing the vitality of caspase-1 or regulating other interferon regulatory factors. The present review discusses the roles of the caspase family or mTOR pathway against cellular stress and generalizes their interplay mechanism in cell fate determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfang Yan
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 509 Nanchang Road, Lanzhou 730000, China; (J.Y.); (J.S.); (L.G.); (H.L.); (C.S.); (C.D.); (J.Z.); (G.H.); (X.Z.)
- Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Huizhou 516029, China
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Yi Xie
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 509 Nanchang Road, Lanzhou 730000, China; (J.Y.); (J.S.); (L.G.); (H.L.); (C.S.); (C.D.); (J.Z.); (G.H.); (X.Z.)
- Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Huizhou 516029, China
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jing Si
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 509 Nanchang Road, Lanzhou 730000, China; (J.Y.); (J.S.); (L.G.); (H.L.); (C.S.); (C.D.); (J.Z.); (G.H.); (X.Z.)
- Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Huizhou 516029, China
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Lu Gan
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 509 Nanchang Road, Lanzhou 730000, China; (J.Y.); (J.S.); (L.G.); (H.L.); (C.S.); (C.D.); (J.Z.); (G.H.); (X.Z.)
- Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Huizhou 516029, China
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Hongyan Li
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 509 Nanchang Road, Lanzhou 730000, China; (J.Y.); (J.S.); (L.G.); (H.L.); (C.S.); (C.D.); (J.Z.); (G.H.); (X.Z.)
- Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Huizhou 516029, China
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Chao Sun
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 509 Nanchang Road, Lanzhou 730000, China; (J.Y.); (J.S.); (L.G.); (H.L.); (C.S.); (C.D.); (J.Z.); (G.H.); (X.Z.)
- Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Huizhou 516029, China
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Cuixia Di
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 509 Nanchang Road, Lanzhou 730000, China; (J.Y.); (J.S.); (L.G.); (H.L.); (C.S.); (C.D.); (J.Z.); (G.H.); (X.Z.)
- Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Huizhou 516029, China
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jinhua Zhang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 509 Nanchang Road, Lanzhou 730000, China; (J.Y.); (J.S.); (L.G.); (H.L.); (C.S.); (C.D.); (J.Z.); (G.H.); (X.Z.)
- Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Huizhou 516029, China
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Guomin Huang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 509 Nanchang Road, Lanzhou 730000, China; (J.Y.); (J.S.); (L.G.); (H.L.); (C.S.); (C.D.); (J.Z.); (G.H.); (X.Z.)
- Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Huizhou 516029, China
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Xuetian Zhang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 509 Nanchang Road, Lanzhou 730000, China; (J.Y.); (J.S.); (L.G.); (H.L.); (C.S.); (C.D.); (J.Z.); (G.H.); (X.Z.)
- Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Huizhou 516029, China
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 509 Nanchang Road, Lanzhou 730000, China; (J.Y.); (J.S.); (L.G.); (H.L.); (C.S.); (C.D.); (J.Z.); (G.H.); (X.Z.)
- Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Huizhou 516029, China
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China
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19
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Vicari HP, Lima K, Gomes RDC, Fernandes DC, da Silva JCL, Rodrigues Junior MT, Barroso de Oliveira AS, Dos Santos RN, Andricopulo AD, Coelho F, Costa-Lotufo LV, Machado-Neto JA. Synthetic cyclopenta[b]indoles exhibit antineoplastic activity by targeting microtubule dynamics in acute myeloid leukemia cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 894:173853. [PMID: 33422507 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.173853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is associated with PML-RARα oncogene, which is treated using all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA)-based chemotherapy. However, chemoresistance is observed in 20-30% of treated patients and represents a clinical challenge, raising the importance of the development of new therapeutic options. In the present study, the effects of three synthetic cyclopenta[b]indoles on the leukemia phenotype were investigated using NB4 (ATRA-sensitive) and NB4-R2 (ATRA-resistant) cells. Among the tested synthetic cyclopenta[b]indoles, compound 2, which contains a heterocyclic nucleus, was the most active, presenting time-dependent cytotoxic activity in the μM range in APL cells, without cytotoxicity for normal leukocytes, and was selected for further characterization. Compound 2 significantly decreased clonogenicity, increased apoptosis, and caused cell cycle arrest at S and G2/M phases in a drug concentration-dependent manner. Morphological analyses indicated aberrant mitosis and diffuse tubulin staining upon compound 2 exposure, which corroborates cell cycle findings. In the molecular scenario, compound 2 reduced STMN1 expression and activity, and induced PARP1 cleavage and H2AX and CHK2 phosphorylation, and modulated CDKN1A, PMAIP1, GADD45A, and XRCC3 expressions, indicating reduction of cell proliferation, apoptosis, and DNA damage. Moreover, in the in vivo tubulin polymerization assay, NB4 and NB4-R2 cells showed a reduction in the levels of polymerized tubulin upon compound 2 exposure, which indicates tubulin as a target of the drug. Molecular docking supports this hypothesis. Taken together, these data indicated that compound 2 exhibits antileukemic effects through disrupting the microtubule dynamics, identifying a possible novel potential antineoplastic agent for the treatment of ATRA-resistant APL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Passos Vicari
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Keli Lima
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Ralph da Costa Gomes
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Chemistry Institute, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, SP, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Daniara Cristina Fernandes
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Chemistry Institute, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, SP, 13083-970, Brazil; Currently at Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia de São Paulo, Matão, SP, 15991-502, Brazil
| | - Jean Carlos Lipreri da Silva
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 05508-900, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Fernando Coelho
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Chemistry Institute, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, SP, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Leticia Veras Costa-Lotufo
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 05508-900, Brazil
| | - João Agostinho Machado-Neto
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 05508-900, Brazil.
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