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Rajan S, Kudryashov DS, Reisler E. Actin Bundles Dynamics and Architecture. Biomolecules 2023; 13:450. [PMID: 36979385 PMCID: PMC10046292 DOI: 10.3390/biom13030450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells use the actin cytoskeleton for many of their functions, including their division, adhesion, mechanosensing, endo- and phagocytosis, migration, and invasion. Actin bundles are the main constituent of actin-rich structures involved in these processes. An ever-increasing number of proteins that crosslink actin into bundles or regulate their morphology is being identified in cells. With recent advances in high-resolution microscopy and imaging techniques, the complex process of bundles formation and the multiple forms of physiological bundles are beginning to be better understood. Here, we review the physiochemical and biological properties of four families of highly conserved and abundant actin-bundling proteins, namely, α-actinin, fimbrin/plastin, fascin, and espin. We describe the similarities and differences between these proteins, their role in the formation of physiological actin bundles, and their properties-both related and unrelated to their bundling abilities. We also review some aspects of the general mechanism of actin bundles formation, which are known from the available information on the activity of the key actin partners involved in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudeepa Rajan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Dmitri S. Kudryashov
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Emil Reisler
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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2
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Araveti PB, Kar PP, Kuriakose A, Sanju A, Kumar KA, Srivastava A. Identification of a Novel Interaction between Theileria Prohibitin ( TaPHB-1) and Bovine RuvB-Like AAA ATPase 1. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0250222. [PMID: 36651733 PMCID: PMC9927103 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02502-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Theileriosis is a tick-borne disease caused by Theileria annulata, an intracellular parasite that belongs to the phylum Apicomplexa. The infective forms of the parasite to cattle are sporozoites that are introduced into the host when the infected ticks take a blood meal. The sporozoites selectively invade bovine B cells, macrophages, or monocytes, leading to their cellular transformation. The parasite factors involved in the host cell transformation are not well explored. In pursuit of this, we revisited the probable secretome of the parasite and, following a stringent downscaling criterion, have identified Theileria prohibitin (TaPHB-1) as one of factors secreted into the host cells. Interestingly, in infected cells, TaPHB-1 localized both on the parasite surface and in the host cytoplasm, and independent approaches such as coimmunoprecipitation, yeast two-hybrid screening (Y2H), and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) confirmed RuvB-like AAA ATPase 1 (RUVBL-1) as one of its interacting partners. Further, the T. annulata infection does not affect the localization of bovine prohibitin. Mitigating the expression of bovine RUVBL-1 precluded the translocation of TaPHB-1 in the host cell cytoplasm without affecting the host cell viability. Taken together, we report for the first time a unique interaction of TaPHB-1 with bovine RUVBL-1 that is likely needed to cause cancer-like hallmarks during theileriosis. IMPORTANCE Theileria annulata is an apicomplexan parasite that causes tropical theileriosis in cattle. It is the only eukaryotic pathogen able to cause cellular transformation of host cells yielding a cancer-like phenotype. The parasite factors responsible for the transformation of the host cell are largely unknown. This study demonstrates for the first time the partial role of Theileria prohibitin (TaPHB-1) in maintaining the transformed state of the host cell and its interaction with RuvB-like AAA ATPase 1 (RUVBL-1) in a T. annulata-infected bovine cell line. Interestingly, the knockdown of bovine RUVBL-1 rendered the parasites metabolically inactive, implying that the identified interaction is critical for parasite survival. This study contributes to our understanding the Theileria-host interactions and offers scope for novel therapeutic interventions to control theileriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasanna Babu Araveti
- National Institute of Animal Biotechnology (NIAB), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- Graduate Studies, Regional Centre for Biotechnology (RCB), Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Prajna Parimita Kar
- National Institute of Animal Biotechnology (NIAB), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- Graduate Studies, Regional Centre for Biotechnology (RCB), Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Akshay Kuriakose
- National Institute of Animal Biotechnology (NIAB), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Achintya Sanju
- National Institute of Animal Biotechnology (NIAB), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Kota Arun Kumar
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Science, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Anand Srivastava
- National Institute of Animal Biotechnology (NIAB), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology (RCB), Faridabad, Haryana, India
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3
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Lehne F, Bogdan S. Getting cells into shape by calcium-dependent actin cross-linking proteins. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1171930. [PMID: 37025173 PMCID: PMC10070769 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1171930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The actin cytoskeleton represents a highly dynamic filament system providing cell structure and mechanical forces to drive a variety of cellular processes. The dynamics of the actin cytoskeleton are controlled by a number of conserved proteins that maintain the pool of actin monomers, promote actin nucleation, restrict the length of actin filaments and cross-link filaments into networks or bundles. Previous work has been established that cytoplasmic calcium is an important signal to rapidly relay information to the actin cytoskeleton, but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we summarize new recent perspectives on how calcium fluxes are transduced to the actin cytoskeleton in a physiological context. In this mini-review we will focus on three calcium-binding EF-hand-containing actin cross-linking proteins, α-actinin, plastin and EFHD2/Swiprosin-1, and how these conserved proteins affect the cell's actin reorganization in the context of cell migration and wound closure in response to calcium.
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Lehne F, Pokrant T, Parbin S, Salinas G, Großhans J, Rust K, Faix J, Bogdan S. Calcium bursts allow rapid reorganization of EFhD2/Swip-1 cross-linked actin networks in epithelial wound closure. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2492. [PMID: 35524157 PMCID: PMC9076686 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30167-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Changes in cell morphology require the dynamic remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton. Calcium fluxes have been suggested as an important signal to rapidly relay information to the actin cytoskeleton, but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we identify the EF-hand domain containing protein EFhD2/Swip-1 as a conserved lamellipodial protein strongly upregulated in Drosophila macrophages at the onset of metamorphosis when macrophage behavior shifts from quiescent to migratory state. Loss- and gain-of-function analysis confirm a critical function of EFhD2/Swip-1 in lamellipodial cell migration in fly and mouse melanoma cells. Contrary to previous assumptions, TIRF-analyses unambiguously demonstrate that EFhD2/Swip-1 proteins efficiently cross-link actin filaments in a calcium-dependent manner. Using a single-cell wounding model, we show that EFhD2/Swip-1 promotes wound closure in a calcium-dependent manner. Mechanistically, our data suggest that transient calcium bursts reduce EFhD2/Swip-1 cross-linking activity and thereby promote rapid reorganization of existing actin networks to drive epithelial wound closure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Lehne
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Department of Molecular Cell Physiology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Pokrant
- Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sabnam Parbin
- NGS-Integrative Genomics Core Unit, Department of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Gabriela Salinas
- NGS-Integrative Genomics Core Unit, Department of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jörg Großhans
- Department of Biology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Katja Rust
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Department of Molecular Cell Physiology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Jan Faix
- Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sven Bogdan
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Department of Molecular Cell Physiology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
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He Z, Wu K, Xie W, Chen J. Case report and literature review: A de novo pathogenic missense variant in ACTN4 gene caused rapid progression to end-stage renal disease. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:930258. [PMID: 36090564 PMCID: PMC9452832 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.930258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is a histopathological diagnosis of the sclerosis of glomeruli and the damage to renal podocytes. FSGS affects the filtration function of the kidneys and results in nephrotic syndrome (NS) in children and adults. FSGS is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorder. FSGS-1 [OMIM #603278] is one of the progressive hereditary renal diseases. It is caused by heterozygous variants of the actinin alpha 4 (ACTN4) [OMIM*604638] gene on chromosome 19q13.2 in a dominant inheritance (AD) manner. With the recent development of whole-exome sequencing (WES), 22 (including our case) pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants have been identified in ACTN4 gene. CASE PRESENTATION We reported a 17-year-old Chinese girl who was hospitalized with foamy urine, nausea and vomiting. Laboratory tests revealed increased levels of serum creatinine and urea nitrogen. Ultrasonography demonstrated bilaterally reduced size of kidneys. The primary diagnoses were NS and chronic kidney disease stage 5 (CKD5). The hemodialysis was initiated in 48 h after admission. After 4 months of treatment, the patient received an allogeneic kidney transplantation from her father. A novel heterozygous missense variant c.494C > T (p.A165V) in the ACTN4 gene was found by WES in the patient. This variant was confirmed by Sanger sequencing. The computational simulation of the stability of mutant protein (p.A165V) was decreased. Interatomic interactions of the p.A165V site were increased, and it might be associated with the increased ubiquitylation in the vicinity of the mutant site. CONCLUSION As per the guidelines of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics for interpreting sequence variants, the novel heterozygous missense variant was pathogenic (PS2 + PM1 + PM2 + PP3 + PP4). It should be noted that the early onset of severe proteinuria with a poor prognosis is an important and universal symptom for most genetic FSGS. If necessary, genetic screening is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhechi He
- Kidney Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ke Wu
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Yiwu Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Yiwu, China
| | - Wenqing Xie
- Kidney Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianghua Chen
- Kidney Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Salgado-Martínez AI, Avila-Bonilla RG, Ramírez-Moreno E, Castañón-Sánchez CA, López-Camarillo C, Marchat LA. Unraveling the relevance of the polyadenylation factor EhCFIm25 in Entamoeba histolytica through proteomic analysis. FEBS Open Bio 2021; 11:2819-2835. [PMID: 34486252 PMCID: PMC8487052 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We recently reported that silencing of the polyadenylation factor EhCFIm25 in Entamoeba histolytica, the protozoan which causes human amoebiasis, affects trophozoite proliferation, death, and virulence, suggesting that EhCFIm25 may have potential as a new biochemical target. Here, we performed a shotgun proteomic analysis to identify modulated proteins that could explain this phenotype. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD027784. Our results revealed changes in the abundance of 75 proteins. Interestingly, STRING analysis, functional GO‐term annotations, KEGG analyses, and literature review showed that modulated proteins are mainly related to glycolysis and carbon metabolism, cytoskeleton dynamics, and parasite virulence, as well as gene expression and protein modifications. Further studies are needed to confirm the hypotheses emerging from this proteomic analysis, to thereby acquire a comprehensive view of the molecular mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Esther Ramírez-Moreno
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular II, ENMH, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - César López-Camarillo
- Posgrado en Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México (UACM), Mexico
| | - Laurence A Marchat
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular II, ENMH, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
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Sponga A, Arolas JL, Schwarz TC, Jeffries CM, Rodriguez Chamorro A, Kostan J, Ghisleni A, Drepper F, Polyansky A, De Almeida Ribeiro E, Pedron M, Zawadzka-Kazimierczuk A, Mlynek G, Peterbauer T, Doto P, Schreiner C, Hollerl E, Mateos B, Geist L, Faulkner G, Kozminski W, Svergun DI, Warscheid B, Zagrovic B, Gautel M, Konrat R, Djinović-Carugo K. Order from disorder in the sarcomere: FATZ forms a fuzzy but tight complex and phase-separated condensates with α-actinin. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabg7653. [PMID: 34049882 PMCID: PMC8163081 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abg7653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In sarcomeres, α-actinin cross-links actin filaments and anchors them to the Z-disk. FATZ (filamin-, α-actinin-, and telethonin-binding protein of the Z-disk) proteins interact with α-actinin and other core Z-disk proteins, contributing to myofibril assembly and maintenance. Here, we report the first structure and its cellular validation of α-actinin-2 in complex with a Z-disk partner, FATZ-1, which is best described as a conformational ensemble. We show that FATZ-1 forms a tight fuzzy complex with α-actinin-2 and propose an interaction mechanism via main molecular recognition elements and secondary binding sites. The obtained integrative model reveals a polar architecture of the complex which, in combination with FATZ-1 multivalent scaffold function, might organize interaction partners and stabilize α-actinin-2 preferential orientation in Z-disk. Last, we uncover FATZ-1 ability to phase-separate and form biomolecular condensates with α-actinin-2, raising the question whether FATZ proteins can create an interaction hub for Z-disk proteins through membraneless compartmentalization during myofibrillogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Sponga
- Department of Structural and Computational Biology, Max Perutz Labs, University of Vienna, Campus Vienna Biocenter 5, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Joan L Arolas
- Department of Structural and Computational Biology, Max Perutz Labs, University of Vienna, Campus Vienna Biocenter 5, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas C Schwarz
- Department of Structural and Computational Biology, Max Perutz Labs, University of Vienna, Campus Vienna Biocenter 5, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Cy M Jeffries
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Hamburg Unit, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ariadna Rodriguez Chamorro
- Department of Structural and Computational Biology, Max Perutz Labs, University of Vienna, Campus Vienna Biocenter 5, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Julius Kostan
- Department of Structural and Computational Biology, Max Perutz Labs, University of Vienna, Campus Vienna Biocenter 5, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Andrea Ghisleni
- King's College London BHF Centre for Research Excellence, Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Friedel Drepper
- Biochemistry and Functional Proteomics, Institute of Biology II, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Anton Polyansky
- Department of Structural and Computational Biology, Max Perutz Labs, University of Vienna, Campus Vienna Biocenter 5, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
- National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow 101000, Russia
| | - Euripedes De Almeida Ribeiro
- Department of Structural and Computational Biology, Max Perutz Labs, University of Vienna, Campus Vienna Biocenter 5, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Miriam Pedron
- Department of Structural and Computational Biology, Max Perutz Labs, University of Vienna, Campus Vienna Biocenter 5, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna Zawadzka-Kazimierczuk
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Zwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Georg Mlynek
- Department of Structural and Computational Biology, Max Perutz Labs, University of Vienna, Campus Vienna Biocenter 5, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Peterbauer
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Max Perutz Labs, University of Vienna, Dr. BohrGasse 9, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Pierantonio Doto
- Department of Structural and Computational Biology, Max Perutz Labs, University of Vienna, Campus Vienna Biocenter 5, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Claudia Schreiner
- Department of Structural and Computational Biology, Max Perutz Labs, University of Vienna, Campus Vienna Biocenter 5, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Eneda Hollerl
- Department of Structural and Computational Biology, Max Perutz Labs, University of Vienna, Campus Vienna Biocenter 5, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Borja Mateos
- Department of Structural and Computational Biology, Max Perutz Labs, University of Vienna, Campus Vienna Biocenter 5, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Leonhard Geist
- Department of Structural and Computational Biology, Max Perutz Labs, University of Vienna, Campus Vienna Biocenter 5, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Wiktor Kozminski
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Zwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dmitri I Svergun
- King's College London BHF Centre for Research Excellence, Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Bettina Warscheid
- Biochemistry and Functional Proteomics, Institute of Biology II, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bojan Zagrovic
- Department of Structural and Computational Biology, Max Perutz Labs, University of Vienna, Campus Vienna Biocenter 5, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Mathias Gautel
- King's College London BHF Centre for Research Excellence, Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Robert Konrat
- Department of Structural and Computational Biology, Max Perutz Labs, University of Vienna, Campus Vienna Biocenter 5, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Kristina Djinović-Carugo
- Department of Structural and Computational Biology, Max Perutz Labs, University of Vienna, Campus Vienna Biocenter 5, A-1030 Vienna, Austria.
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Castaneda N, Park J, Kang EH. Regulation of Actin Bundle Mechanics and Structure by Intracellular Environmental Factors. FRONTIERS IN PHYSICS 2021; 9:675885. [PMID: 34422787 PMCID: PMC8376200 DOI: 10.3389/fphy.2021.675885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The mechanical and structural properties of actin cytoskeleton drive various cellular processes, including structural support of the plasma membrane and cellular motility. Actin monomers assemble into double-stranded helical filaments as well as higher-ordered structures such as bundles and networks. Cells incorporate macromolecular crowding, cation interactions, and actin-crosslinking proteins to regulate the organization of actin bundles. Although the roles of each of these factors in actin bundling have been well-known individually, how combined factors contribute to actin bundle assembly, organization, and mechanics is not fully understood. Here, we describe recent studies that have investigated the mechanisms of how intracellular environmental factors influence actin bundling. This review highlights the effects of macromolecular crowding, cation interactions, and actin-crosslinking proteins on actin bundle organization, structure, and mechanics. Understanding these mechanisms is important in determining in vivo actin biophysics and providing insights into cell physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Castaneda
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States
| | - Jinho Park
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States
| | - Ellen Hyeran Kang
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States
- Department of Physics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States
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Naffa R, Padányi R, Ignácz A, Hegyi Z, Jezsó B, Tóth S, Varga K, Homolya L, Hegedűs L, Schlett K, Enyedi A. The Plasma Membrane Ca 2+ Pump PMCA4b Regulates Melanoma Cell Migration through Remodeling of the Actin Cytoskeleton. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13061354. [PMID: 33802790 PMCID: PMC8002435 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13061354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Earlier we demonstrated that the plasma membrane Ca2+ pump PMCA4b inhibits migration and metastatic activity of BRAF mutant melanoma cells, however, the exact mechanism has not been fully understood. Here we demonstrate that PMCA4b acted through actin cytoskeleton remodeling in generating a low migratory melanoma cell phenotype resulting in increased cell–cell connections, lamellipodia and stress fiber formation. Both proper trafficking and calcium transporting activity of the pump were essential to complete these tasks indicating that controlling Ca2+ concentration levels at specific plasma membrane locations such as the cell front played a role. Our findings suggest that PMCA4b downregulation is likely one of the mechanisms that leads to the perturbed cancer cell cytoskeleton organization resulting in enhanced melanoma cell migration and metastasis. Abstract We demonstrated that the plasma membrane Ca2+ ATPase PMCA4b inhibits migration and metastatic activity of BRAF mutant melanoma cells. Actin dynamics are essential for cells to move, invade and metastasize, therefore, we hypothesized that PMCA4b affected cell migration through remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton. We found that expression of PMCA4b in A375 BRAF mutant melanoma cells induced a profound change in cell shape, cell culture morphology, and displayed a polarized migratory character. Along with these changes the cells became more rounded with increased cell–cell connections, lamellipodia and stress fiber formation. Silencing PMCA4b in MCF-7 breast cancer cells had a similar effect, resulting in a dramatic loss of stress fibers. In addition, the PMCA4b expressing A375 cells maintained front-to-rear Ca2+ concentration gradient with the actin severing protein cofilin localizing to the lamellipodia, and preserved the integrity of the actin cytoskeleton from a destructive Ca2+ overload. We showed that both PMCA4b activity and trafficking were essential for the observed morphology and motility changes. In conclusion, our data suggest that PMCA4b plays a critical role in adopting front-to-rear polarity in a normally spindle-shaped cell type through F-actin rearrangement resulting in a less aggressive melanoma cell phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randa Naffa
- Department of Transfusiology, Semmelweis University, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary; (R.N.); (S.T.)
| | - Rita Padányi
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, H-1094 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Attila Ignácz
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Eötvös Loránd University, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary; (A.I.); (K.S.)
| | - Zoltán Hegyi
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar Tudosok krt.2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary; (Z.H.); (B.J.); (L.H.)
| | - Bálint Jezsó
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar Tudosok krt.2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary; (Z.H.); (B.J.); (L.H.)
| | - Sarolta Tóth
- Department of Transfusiology, Semmelweis University, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary; (R.N.); (S.T.)
- Department of Anatomy, Cell and Developmental Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - László Homolya
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar Tudosok krt.2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary; (Z.H.); (B.J.); (L.H.)
| | - Luca Hegedűs
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruhrlandklinik, University Clinic Essen, 45239 Essen, Germany;
| | - Katalin Schlett
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Eötvös Loránd University, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary; (A.I.); (K.S.)
| | - Agnes Enyedi
- Department of Transfusiology, Semmelweis University, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary; (R.N.); (S.T.)
- Correspondence:
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