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Zhang YQ, Francisco JS, Long B. Rapid Atmospheric Reactions between Criegee Intermediates and Hypochlorous Acid. J Phys Chem A 2024; 128:909-917. [PMID: 38271208 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c06144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Hypochlorous acid (HOCl) is a paramount compound in the atmosphere due to its significant contribution to both tropospheric oxidation capacity and ozone depletion. The main removal routes for HOCl are photolysis and the reaction with OH during the daytime, while these processes are unimportant during the nighttime. Here, we report the rapid reactions of Criegee intermediates (CH2OO and anti/syn-CH3CHOO) with HOCl by using high-level quantum chemical methods as the benchmark; their accuracy is close to coupled cluster theory with single, double, and triple excitations and quasiperturbative connected quadruple excitations with a complete basis limit by extrapolation [CCSDT(Q)/CBS]. Their rate constants have been calculated by using a dual-level strategy; this combines conventional transition state theory calculated at the benchmark level with variational transition state theory with small-curvature tunneling by a validated density functional method. We find that the introduction of the methyl group into Criegee intermediates not only affects their reactivities but also exerts a remarkable influence on anharmonicity. The calculated results uncover that anharmonicity increases the rate constants of CH2OO + HOCl by a factor of 18-5, while it is of minor importance in the anti/syn-CH3CHOO + HOCl reaction at 190-350 K. The present findings reveal that the loose transition state for anti-CH3CHOO and HOCl is a rate-determining step at 190-350 K. We also find that the reaction of Criegee intermediates with HOCl contributes significantly to the sink of HOCl during the nighttime in the atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Qiong Zhang
- College of Physics and Mechatronic Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Joseph S Francisco
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences and Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Bo Long
- College of Physics and Mechatronic Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550025, China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550025, China
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Long B, Xia Y, Zhang YQ, Truhlar DG. Kinetics of Sulfur Trioxide Reaction with Water Vapor to Form Atmospheric Sulfuric Acid. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:19866-19876. [PMID: 37651227 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c06032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Although experimental methods can be used to obtain the quantitative kinetics of atmospheric reactions, experimental data are often limited to a narrow temperature range. The reaction of SO3 with water vapor is important for elucidating the formation of sulfuric acid in the atmosphere; however, the kinetics is uncertain at low temperatures. Here, we calculate rate constants for reactions of sulfur trioxide with two water molecules. We consider two mechanisms: the SO3···H2O + H2O reaction and the SO3 + (H2O)2 reaction. We find that beyond-CCSD(T) contributions to the barrier heights are very large, and multidimensional tunneling, unusually large anharmonicity of high-frequency modes, and torsional anharmonicity are important for obtaining quantitative kinetics. We find that at lower temperatures, the formation of the termolecular precursor complexes, which is often neglected, is rate-limiting compared to passage through the tight transition states. Our calculations show that the SO3···H2O + H2O mechanism is more important than the SO3 + (H2O)2 mechanism at 5-50 km altitudes. We find that the rate ratio between SO3···H2O + H2O and SO3 + (H2O)2 is greater than 20 at altitudes between 10 and 35 km, where the concentration of SO3 is very high.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Long
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Yu Xia
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yu-Qiong Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Donald G Truhlar
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
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Sun Y, Long B, Truhlar DG. Unimolecular Reactions of E-Glycolaldehyde Oxide and Its Reactions with One and Two Water Molecules. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2023; 6:0143. [PMID: 37435010 PMCID: PMC10332847 DOI: 10.34133/research.0143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
The kinetics of Criegee intermediates are important for atmospheric modeling. However, the quantitative kinetics of Criegee intermediates are still very limited, especially for those with hydroxy groups. Here, we calculate rate constants for the unimolecular reaction of E-glycolaldehyde oxide [E-hydroxyethanal oxide, E-(CH2OH)CHOO], for its reactions with H2O and (H2O)2, and for the reaction of the E-(CH2OH)CHOO…H2O complex with H2O. For the highest level of electronic structure, we use W3X-L//CCSD(T)-F12a/cc-pVDZ-F12 for the unimolecular reaction and the reaction with water and W3X-L//DF-CCSD(T)-F12b/jun-cc-pVDZ for the reaction with 2 water molecules. For the dynamics, we use a dual-level strategy that combines conventional transition state theory with the highest level of electronic structure and multistructural canonical variational transition state theory with small-curvature tunneling with a validated density functional for the electronic structure. This dynamical treatment includes high-frequency anharmonicity, torsional anharmonicity, recrossing effects, and tunneling. We find that the unimolecular reaction of E-(CH2OH)CHOO depends on both temperature and pressure. The calculated results show that E-(CH2OH)CHOO…H2O + H2O is the dominant entrance channel, while previous investigations only considered Criegee intermediates + (H2O)2. In addition, we find that the atmospheric lifetime of E-(CH2OH)CHOO with respect to 2 water molecules is particularly short with a value of 1.71 × 10-6 s at 0 km, which is about 2 orders of magnitude shorter than those usually assumed for Criegee intermediate reactions with water dimer. We also find that the OH group in E-(CH2OH)CHOO enhances its reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Sun
- Department of Physics, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Bo Long
- Department of Physics, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Donald G. Truhlar
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455-0431, USA
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Reactions with criegee intermediates are the dominant gas-phase sink for formyl fluoride in the atmosphere. FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2023.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
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Kinetics of the reaction CH2CO + O (3P): Are the CH2 and CO2 the most favorable products? COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2023.114073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Wang PB, Truhlar DG, Xia Y, Long B. Temperature-dependent kinetics of the atmospheric reaction between CH 2OO and acetone. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:13066-13073. [PMID: 35583864 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp01118b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Criegee intermediates are important oxidants produced in the ozonolysis of alkenes in the atmosphere. Quantitative kinetics of the reactions of Criegee intermediates are required for atmospheric modeling. However, the experimental studies do not cover the full relevant range of temperature and pressure. Here we report the quantitative kinetics of CH2OO + CH3C(O)CH3 by using our recently developed dual strategy that combines coupled cluster theory with high excitation levels for conventional transition state theory and well validated levels of density functional theory for direct dynamics calculations using canonical variational transition theory including tunneling. We find that the W3X-L//DF-CCSD(T)-F12b/jun-cc-pVDZ electronic structure method can be used to obtain quantitative kinetics of the CH2OO + CH3C(O)CH3 reaction. Whereas previous investigations considered a one-step mechanistic pathway, we find that the CH2OO + CH3C(O)CH3 reaction occurs in a stepwise manner. This has implications for the modeling of Criegee-intermediate reactions with other ketones and with aldehydes. In the kinetics calculations, we show that recrossing effects of the conventional transition state are negligible for determining the rate constant of CH2OO + CH3C(O)CH3. The present findings reveal that the rate ratio between CH2OO + CH3C(O)CH3 and OH + CH3C(O)CH3 has a significant negative dependence on temperature such that the CH2OO + CH3C(O)CH3 reaction can contribute as a significant sink for atmospheric CH3C(O)CH3 at low temperature. The present findings should have broad implications in understanding the reactions of Criegee intermediates with carbonyl compounds and ketones in the atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Biao Wang
- Department of Physics, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Donald G Truhlar
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, USA
| | - Yu Xia
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Bo Long
- Department of Physics, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China. .,College of Materials Science and Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550025, China
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Sanches-Neto FO, Ramos B, Lastre-Acosta AM, Teixeira ACSC, Carvalho-Silva VH. Aqueous picloram degradation by hydroxyl radicals: Unveiling mechanism, kinetics, and ecotoxicity through experimental and theoretical approaches. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 278:130401. [PMID: 33839382 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides are chemical compounds widely used to combat pests in crops, and they thus play a key role in agricultural production. However, due to their persistence in aquatic environments, even at low concentrations, their use has been considered an environmental problem and caused concern regarding the adverse effects on human health. This paper reports, for the first time, the mechanisms, kinetics, and an evaluation of the toxicity of picloram degradation initiated by OH radicals in the aqueous environment using quantum chemistry and computational toxicology calculations. The rate constants are calculated using a combination of formulations derived from the Transition State Theory in a realistic temperature range (250-310 K). The results indicate that the two favorable pathways (R1 and R5) of OH -based reactions occur by addition to the pyridine ring. The calculated rate constant at 298 K is compared with the overall second-order reaction rate constant, quantified herein experimentally via the competition kinetics method and data available in the literature showing an excellent agreement. The toxicity assessment and a photolysis study provide important information: i) picloram and the majority of degradation products are estimated as harmful; however, ii) these compounds can suffer photolysis in sunlight. The results of the present study can help understand the mechanism of picloram, also providing important clues regarding risk assessment in aquatic environments as well as novel experimental information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávio O Sanches-Neto
- Instituto de Química, Universidade de Brasília, Caixa Postal 4478, 70904-970, Brasília, Brazil.
| | - Bruno Ramos
- Research Group in Advanced Oxidation Processes (AdOx), Department of Chemical Engineering, Escola Politécnica, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-010, Brazil
| | - Arlen M Lastre-Acosta
- Research Group in Advanced Oxidation Processes (AdOx), Department of Chemical Engineering, Escola Politécnica, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-010, Brazil
| | - Antonio Carlos S C Teixeira
- Research Group in Advanced Oxidation Processes (AdOx), Department of Chemical Engineering, Escola Politécnica, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-010, Brazil
| | - Valter H Carvalho-Silva
- Instituto de Química, Universidade de Brasília, Caixa Postal 4478, 70904-970, Brasília, Brazil; Modeling of Physical and Chemical Transformations Division, Theoretical and Structural Chemistry Group, Research and Postgraduate Center, Goiás State University, 75132-903, Anápolis, Brazil.
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Long B, Wang Y, Xia Y, He X, Bao JL, Truhlar DG. Atmospheric Kinetics: Bimolecular Reactions of Carbonyl Oxide by a Triple-Level Strategy. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:8402-8413. [PMID: 34029069 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c02029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Criegee intermediates in the atmosphere serve as oxidizing agents to initiate aerosol formation, which are particularly important for atmospheric modeling, and understanding their kinetics is one of the current outstanding challenges in climate change modeling. Because experimental kinetics are still limited, we must rely on theory for the complete picture, but obtaining absolute rates from theory is a formidable task. Here, we report the bimolecular reaction kinetics of carbonyl oxide with ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, formaldehyde, and water dimer by designing a triple-level strategy that combines (i) benchmark results close to the complete-basis limit of coupled-cluster theory with the single, double, triple, and quadruple excitations (CCSDTQ/CBS), (ii) a new hybrid meta density functional (M06CR) specifically optimized for reactions of Criegee intermediates, and (iii) variational transition-state theory with both variable rection coordinates and optimized reaction paths, with multidimensional tunneling, and with pressure effects. For (i) we have found that quadruple excitations are required to obtain quantitative reaction barriers, and we designed new composite methods and strategies to reach CCSDTQ/CBS accuracy. The present findings show that (i) the CH2OO + HCHO reaction can make an important contribution to the sink of HCHO under wide atmospheric conditions in the gas phase and that (ii) CH2OO + (H2O)2 dominates over the CH2OO + H2O reaction below 10 km.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Long
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550025, China.,Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Ying Wang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China.,The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410006, China
| | - Yu Xia
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xiao He
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China.,NYU-ECNU Center for Computational Chemistry at NYU Shanghai, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Junwei Lucas Bao
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Donald G Truhlar
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
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