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Bitterer F, Kupke P, Adenugba A, Evert K, Glehr G, Riquelme P, Scheibert L, Preverin G, Böhm C, Hornung M, Schlitt HJ, Wenzel JJ, Geissler EK, Safinia N, Hutchinson JA, Werner JM. Soluble CD46 as a diagnostic marker of hepatic steatosis. EBioMedicine 2024; 104:105184. [PMID: 38838471 PMCID: PMC11179574 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The increasing prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) incurs substantial morbidity, mortality and healthcare costs. Detection and clinical intervention at early stages of disease improves prognosis; however, we are currently limited by a lack of reliable diagnostic tests for population screening and monitoring responses to therapy. To address this unmet need, we investigated human invariant Natural Killer T cell (iNKT) activation by fat-loaded hepatocytes, leading to the discovery that circulating soluble CD46 (sCD46) levels accurately predict hepatic steatosis. METHODS sCD46 in plasma was measured using a newly developed immuno-competition assay in two independent cohorts: Prospective living liver donors (n = 156; male = 66, female = 90) and patients with liver tumours (n = 91; male = 58, female = 33). sCD46 levels were statistically evaluated as a predictor of hepatic steatosis. FINDINGS Interleukin-4-secreting (IL-4+) iNKT cells were over-represented amongst intrahepatic lymphocytes isolated from resected human liver samples. IL-4+ iNKT cells preferentially developed in cocultures with a fat-loaded, hepatocyte-like cell line, HepaRG. This was attributed to induction of matrix metalloproteases (MMP) in fat-loaded HepaRG cells and primary human liver organoids, which led to indiscriminate cleavage of immune receptors. Loss of cell-surface CD46 resulted in unrepressed differentiation of IL-4+ iNKT cells. sCD46 levels were elevated in patients with hepatic steatosis. Discriminatory cut-off values for plasma sCD46 were found that accurately classified patients according to histological steatosis grade. INTERPRETATION sCD46 is a reliable clinical marker of hepatic steatosis, which can be conveniently and non-invasively measured in serum and plasma samples, raising the possibility of using sCD46 levels as a diagnostic method for detecting or grading hepatic steatosis. FUNDING F.B. was supported by the Else Kröner Foundation (Award 2016_kolleg.14). G.G. was supported by the Bristol Myers Squibb Foundation for Immuno-Oncology (Award FA-19-009). N.S. was supported by a Wellcome Trust Fellowship (211113/A/18/Z). J.A.H. received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (Award 860003). J.M.W. received funding from the Else Kröner Foundation (Award 2015_A10).
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Bitterer
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg 93053, Germany
| | - Paul Kupke
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg 93053, Germany
| | - Akinbami Adenugba
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg 93053, Germany
| | - Katja Evert
- Institute of Pathology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg 93053, Germany
| | - Gunther Glehr
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg 93053, Germany
| | - Paloma Riquelme
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg 93053, Germany
| | - Lena Scheibert
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg 93053, Germany
| | - Giulia Preverin
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg 93053, Germany
| | - Christina Böhm
- Oxford Nanopore Technologies PLC, Oxford Science Park, Oxford OX4 4DQ, United Kingdom
| | - Matthias Hornung
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg 93053, Germany
| | - Hans J Schlitt
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg 93053, Germany
| | - Jürgen J Wenzel
- Institute of Clinical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Regensburg, Regensburg 93053, Germany
| | - Edward K Geissler
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg 93053, Germany
| | - Niloufar Safinia
- Department of Hepatology, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
| | - James A Hutchinson
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg 93053, Germany.
| | - Jens M Werner
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg 93053, Germany.
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Nishiyama S, Seok JM, Wright AE, Lotan I, Mikami T, Drosu NC, Bobrowski-Khoury N, Anderson MR, Bilodeau PA, Schindler P, Paul F, Aoki M, Yeaman MR, Levy M. Anti-aquaporin-4 immune complex stimulates complement-dependent Th17 cytokine release in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3146. [PMID: 38326464 PMCID: PMC10850367 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53661-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Proinflammatory cytokines, such as (IL: interleukin) IL-6 and IL-17A, and complement fixation are critical in the immunopathogenesis of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD). Blocking the IL-6 receptor or the C5 complement pathway reduces relapse risk. However, the role of interleukin (IL)-6 and complement in aquaporin-4 (AQP4) autoimmunity remains unclear. To investigate the role of the anti-AQP4 immunoglobulin (AQP4-IgG)/AQP4 immunocomplex on the induction and profile of ex vivo cytokine and surface marker expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) culture. Isolated PBMCs obtained from 18 patients with AQP4-IgG-seropositive-NMOSD (8 treatment-naive, 10 rituximab-treated) or ten healthy controls were cultured with AQP4-immunocomplex with or without complement. Changes in PBMC surface markers and cytokine expression were profiled using flow cytometry and ELISA. PBMCs derived from treatment-naive NMOSD patients stimulated with a complex mixture of serum complement proteins produced significant elevations of IL-17A and IL-6. Rituximab-treated patients also exhibited higher IL-6 but not IL-17A release. IL-6 and IL-17A elevations are not observed without complement. Co-stimulation of PBMCs with AQP4-IgG/AQP4 immunocomplex and complement prompts a Th17-biased response consistent with the inflammatory paradigm observed in NMOSD. A possible inflammation model is proposed via antigen-specific autoreactive peripheral blood cells, including NK/NKT cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhei Nishiyama
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 65 Landsdowne, Lab 500, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
| | - Jin Myong Seok
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Amy E Wright
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Itay Lotan
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Takahisa Mikami
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Natalia C Drosu
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Natasha Bobrowski-Khoury
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Monique R Anderson
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Philippe A Bilodeau
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Patrick Schindler
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Friedemann Paul
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Masashi Aoki
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Michael R Yeaman
- Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Division of Molecular Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Institute for Infection and Immunity, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Michael Levy
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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3
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Yang Zhou J. Innate immunity and early liver inflammation. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1175147. [PMID: 37205101 PMCID: PMC10187146 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1175147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The innate system constitutes a first-line defence mechanism against pathogens. 80% of the blood supply entering the human liver arrives from the splanchnic circulation through the portal vein, so it is constantly exposed to immunologically active substances and pathogens from the gastrointestinal tract. Rapid neutralization of pathogens and toxins is an essential function of the liver, but so too is avoidance of harmful and unnecessary immune reactions. This delicate balance of reactivity and tolerance is orchestrated by a diverse repertoire of hepatic immune cells. In particular, the human liver is enriched in many innate immune cell subsets, including Kupffer cells (KCs), innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) like Natural Killer (NK) cells and ILC-like unconventional T cells - namely Natural Killer T cells (NKT), γδ T cells and Mucosal-associated Invariant T cells (MAIT). These cells reside in the liver in a memory-effector state, so they respond quickly to trigger appropriate responses. The contribution of aberrant innate immunity to inflammatory liver diseases is now being better understood. In particular, we are beginning to understand how specific innate immune subsets trigger chronic liver inflammation, which ultimately results in hepatic fibrosis. In this review, we consider the roles of specific innate immune cell subsets in early inflammation in human liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Yang Zhou
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Immunotherapy, Regensburg, Germany
- *Correspondence: Jordi Yang Zhou,
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Liu ZH, Zhang L, Jing FJ, Xiao SX, Gao Y, Bian HY, Zhao X. Genetic Polymorphisms in NLRP3 Inflammasome-Associated Genes in Patients with B-Cell Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:5687-5697. [PMID: 34754215 PMCID: PMC8570379 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s329090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The role of NLRP3 inflammasome in the progression of many diseases has been increasingly recognized. However, the function of this molecular assembly in the development and progression of B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma remains unclear. Patients and Methods In this study, we investigated the polymorphisms in the NLRP3 inflammasome associated genes in 281 patients with B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and 385 age- and gender-matched healthy controls. Results We found that IL-18 (rs1946518) and NFκB-94 ins/del (rs28362491) contributed to susceptibility to B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Specifically, the allele "G" in IL-18 (rs1946518) and allele "ins" in NFκB-94 ins/del (rs28362491) were significantly associated with the risk of disease. The AA genotype of CARD8 (rs2043211) and the higher level of serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) led to statistically poorer B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma survival. Less frequent genotype TT of CARD8 (rs2043211) was observed in patients with higher LDH level, clinical stages III-IV of disease, and IPI 3-5, although the relationship did not reach statistical significance. However, IPI is an independent prognostic factor for B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Conclusion IL-18 (rs1946518) and NFκB-94 ins/del (rs28362491) gene polymorphisms appear to be the factors influencing the risk of B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. CARD8 (rs2043211) polymorphisms are important factors for the survival of patients with this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-He Liu
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis and Regenerative Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan-Jing Jing
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Xin Xiao
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Gao
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Yan Bian
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Zhao
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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5
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Li X, Jin C, Chen Q, Zheng X, Xie D, Wu Q, Wang L, Bai S, Zhang H, Bai L. Identification of liver-specific CD24 + invariant NK T cells with low granzyme B production and high proliferative capacity. J Leukoc Biol 2021; 111:1199-1210. [PMID: 34730251 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.1a0621-309r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Invariant NK T (iNKT) cells are innate-like lymphocytes that can recognize the lipid Ag presented by MHC I like molecule CD1d. Distinct tissue distribution of iNKT cells subsets implies a contribution of these subsets to their related tissue regional immunity. iNKT cells are enriched in liver, an organ with unique immunological properties. Whether liver-specific iNKT cells exist and dedicate to the liver immunity remains elusive. Here, a liver-specific CD24+ iNKT subset is shown. Hepatic CD24+ iNKT cells show higher levels of proliferation, glucose metabolism, and mTOR activity comparing to CD24- iNKT cells. Although CD24+ iNKT cells and CD24- iNKT cells in the liver produce similar amounts of cytokines, the hepatic CD24+ iNKT cells exhibit lower granzyme B production. These liver-specific CD24+ iNKT cells are derived from thymus and differentiate into CD24+ iNKT in the liver microenvironment. Moreover, liver microenvironment induces the formation of CD24+ conventional T cells as well, and these cells exhibit higher proliferation ability but lower granzyme B production in comparison with CD24- T cells. The results propose that liver microenvironment might induce the generation of liver-specific iNKT subset that might play an important role in maintaining liver homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Chen Jin
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Xihua Zheng
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Di Xie
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Qielan Wu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Shiyu Bai
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Huimin Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Li Bai
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
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6
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Vogt S, Mattner J. NKT Cells Contribute to the Control of Microbial Infections. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:718350. [PMID: 34595131 PMCID: PMC8477047 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.718350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate (-like) T lymphocytes such as natural killer T (NKT) cells play a pivotal role in the recognition of microbial infections and their subsequent elimination. They frequently localize to potential sites of pathogen entry at which they survey extracellular and intracellular tissue spaces for microbial antigens. Engagement of their T cell receptors (TCRs) induces an explosive release of different cytokines and chemokines, which often pre-exist as constitutively expressed gene transcripts in NKT cells and underlie their poised effector state. Thus, NKT cells regulate immune cell migration and activation and subsequently, bridge innate and adaptive immune responses. In contrast to conventional T cells, which react to peptide antigens, NKT cells recognize lipids presented by the MHC class I like CD1d molecule on antigen presenting cells (APCs). Furthermore, each NKT cell TCR can recognize various antigen specificities, whereas a conventional T lymphocyte TCR reacts mostly only to one single antigen. These lipid antigens are either intermediates of the intracellular APC`s-own metabolism or originate from the cell wall of different bacteria, fungi or protozoan parasites. The best-characterized subset, the type 1 NKT cell subset expresses a semi-invariant TCR. In contrast, the TCR repertoire of type 2 NKT cells is diverse. Furthermore, NKT cells express a panoply of inhibitory and activating NK cell receptors (NKRs) that contribute to their primarily TCR-mediated rapid, innate like immune activation and even allow an adaption of their immune response in an adoptive like manner. Dueto their primary localization at host-environment interfaces, NKT cells are one of the first immune cells that interact with signals from different microbial pathogens. Vice versa, the mutual exchange with local commensal microbiota shapes also the biology of NKT cells, predominantly in the gastrointestinal tract. Following infection, two main signals drive the activation of NKT cells: first, cognate activation upon TCR ligation by microbial or endogenous lipid antigens; and second, bystander activation due to cytokines. Here we will discuss the role of NKT cells in the control of different microbial infections comparing pathogens expressing lipid ligands in their cell walls to infectious agents inducing endogenous lipid antigen presentation by APCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Vogt
- Mikrobiologisches Institut - Klinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jochen Mattner
- Mikrobiologisches Institut - Klinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Medical Immunology Campus Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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7
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Shute T, Amiel E, Alam N, Yates JL, Mohrs K, Dudley E, Salas B, Mesa C, Serrata A, Angel D, Vincent BK, Weyers A, Lanthier PA, Vomhof-Dekrey E, Fromme R, Laughlin M, Durham O, Miao J, Shipp D, Linhardt RJ, Nash K, Leadbetter EA. Glycolipid-Containing Nanoparticle Vaccine Engages Invariant NKT Cells to Enhance Humoral Protection against Systemic Bacterial Infection but Abrogates T-Independent Vaccine Responses. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 206:1806-1816. [PMID: 33811104 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2001283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
CD4+ T cells enable the critical B cell humoral immune protection afforded by most effective vaccines. We and others have recently identified an alternative source of help for B cells in mice, invariant NK T (iNKT) cells. iNKT cells are innate glycolipid-specific T cells restricted to the nonpolymorphic Ag-presenting molecule CD1d. As such, iNKT cells respond to glycolipids equally well in all people, making them an appealing adjuvant for universal vaccines. We tested the potential for the iNKT glycolipid agonist, α-galactosylceramide (αGC), to serve as an adjuvant for a known human protective epitope by creating a nanoparticle that delivers αGC plus antigenic polysaccharides from Streptococcus pneumoniae αGC-embedded nanoparticles activate murine iNKT cells and B cells in vitro and in vivo, facilitate significant dose sparing, and avoid iNKT anergy. Nanoparticles containing αGC plus S. pneumoniae polysaccharides elicits robust IgM and IgG in vivo and protect mice against lethal systemic S. pneumoniae However, codelivery of αGC via nanoparticles actually eliminated Ab protection elicited by a T-independent S. pneumoniae vaccine. This is consistent with previous studies demonstrating iNKT cell help for B cells following acute activation, but negative regulation of B cells during chronic inflammation. αGC-containing nanoparticles represent a viable platform for broadly efficacious vaccines against deadly human pathogens, but their potential for eliminating B cells under certain conditions suggests further clarity on iNKT cell interactions with B cells is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Daniel Angel
- Department of Astronomy and Physics, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Brandy K Vincent
- Department of Astronomy and Physics, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | | | | | | | - Rachel Fromme
- Center for Advanced Material Processing, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699
| | - Mitchell Laughlin
- Center for Advanced Material Processing, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699
| | - Olivia Durham
- Center for Advanced Material Processing, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699
| | | | - Devon Shipp
- Center for Advanced Material Processing, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699
| | | | - Kelly Nash
- Department of Astronomy and Physics, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
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Li S, Huang H, Wei Q, He C, Feng J, Wang Y, Li M, Zhang Q, Xia X, Hua Z. Depression of Pyroptosis by Inhibiting Caspase-1 Activation Improves Neurological Outcomes of Kernicterus Model Rats. ACS Chem Neurosci 2021; 12:2929-2939. [PMID: 34296848 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Kernicterus is a severe complication of extreme neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Prolonged exposure to high-level unconjugated bilirubin (UCB) directly damages brain tissue. Neuroinflammation is believed to contribute to UCB-induced neurotoxicity. Pyroptosis has been as a highly inflammatory form of programmed cell death. Therefore, this study aimed to explore whether pyroptosis was involved in the pathogenesis of UCB neurotoxicity in kernicterus model rats. VX-765, a specific inhibitor of caspase-1, was intraperitoneally administered to the model rats to observe its effects on the short-term and long-term outcomes of the model animals at the molecular, cellular, morphological, and behavioral levels. The results indicated that UCB significantly induced the activation of caspase-1 and gasdermin D(GSDMD), and VX-765 inhibited caspase-1-GSDMD pathway. Compared with those of the UCB group and the vehicle+UCB group, VX-765-treated rats released lower levels of IL-1β and IL-18. Furthermore, H&E and TUNEL staining showed that nerve cells in the VX-765-treated group were better preserved and had less DNA fragmentation. Most importantly, VX-765 improved both the short-term and long-term neurological functions of kernicterus model rats. This study demonstrated that pyroptosis was involved in the pathogenesis of kernicterus through caspase-1 activation, which could be inhibited by VX-765, exerting a neuroprotective effect in kernicterus model rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Li
- Department of Neonatology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing 400014, China
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing 400014, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Hongmei Huang
- Department of Neonatology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing 400014, China
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing 400014, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Qian Wei
- Department of Neonatology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing 400014, China
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing 400014, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Chunmei He
- Department of Neonatology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing 400014, China
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing 400014, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Jie Feng
- Department of Neonatology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Neonatology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Mengwen Li
- Department of Neonatology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Qiannan Zhang
- Department of Neonatology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing 400014, China
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Xuhua Xia
- Department of Neonatology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing 400014, China
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Ziyu Hua
- Department of Neonatology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing 400014, China
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing 400014, China
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Zhu T, Wang R, Miller H, Westerberg LS, Yang L, Guan F, Lee P, Gong Q, Chen Y, Liu C. The interaction between iNKT cells and B cells. J Leukoc Biol 2021; 111:711-723. [PMID: 34312907 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.6ru0221-095rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Invariant natural killer T cells (iNKTs) bridge the innate immunity with the adaptive immunity and their interaction with B cells has been extensively studied. Here, we give a complete overview of these two cells, from their mechanism of interaction to clinical prospects and existing problems. In our introduction, we describe the relationship between iNKTs and B cells and explore the current research hotspots and future directions. We begin with how B cells interact and benefit from the innate and adaptive help of iNKTs. Next, we describe the multiple roles of these cells in infections, autoimmunity, and cancers. Lastly, we look into the potential immunotherapies that can be based on iNKTs and the possible treatments for infectious, autoimmune, and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Zhu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Rongli Wang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | | | - Lisa S Westerberg
- Department of Microbiology Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lu Yang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fei Guan
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Pamela Lee
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Quan Gong
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Yan Chen
- The Second Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, GuiZhou Province, Zunyi, China
| | - Chaohong Liu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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10
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Shou Y, Koroleva E, Spencer CM, Shein SA, Korchagina AA, Yusoof KA, Parthasarathy R, Leadbetter EA, Akopian AN, Muñoz AR, Tumanov AV. Redefining the Role of Lymphotoxin Beta Receptor in the Maintenance of Lymphoid Organs and Immune Cell Homeostasis in Adulthood. Front Immunol 2021; 12:712632. [PMID: 34335629 PMCID: PMC8320848 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.712632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Lymphotoxin beta receptor (LTβR) is a promising therapeutic target in autoimmune and infectious diseases as well as cancer. Mice with genetic inactivation of LTβR display multiple defects in development and organization of lymphoid organs, mucosal immune responses, IgA production and an autoimmune phenotype. As these defects are imprinted in embryogenesis and neonate stages, the impact of LTβR signaling in adulthood remains unclear. Here, to overcome developmental defects, we generated mice with inducible ubiquitous genetic inactivation of LTβR in adult mice (iLTβRΔ/Δ mice) and redefined the role of LTβR signaling in organization of lymphoid organs, immune response to mucosal bacterial pathogen, IgA production and autoimmunity. In spleen, postnatal LTβR signaling is required for development of B cell follicles, follicular dendritic cells (FDCs), recruitment of neutrophils and maintenance of the marginal zone. Lymph nodes of iLTβRΔ/Δ mice were reduced in size, lacked FDCs, and had disorganized subcapsular sinus macrophages. Peyer`s patches were smaller in size and numbers, and displayed reduced FDCs. The number of isolated lymphoid follicles in small intestine and colon were also reduced. In contrast to LTβR-/- mice, iLTβRΔ/Δ mice displayed normal thymus structure and did not develop signs of systemic inflammation and autoimmunity. Further, our results suggest that LTβR signaling in adulthood is required for homeostasis of neutrophils, NK, and iNKT cells, but is dispensable for the maintenance of polyclonal IgA production. However, iLTβRΔ/Δ mice exhibited an increased sensitivity to C. rodentium infection and failed to develop pathogen-specific IgA responses. Collectively, our study uncovers new insights of LTβR signaling in adulthood for the maintenance of lymphoid organs, neutrophils, NK and iNKT cells, and IgA production in response to mucosal bacterial pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajun Shou
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States,Department of Gastroenterology, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ekaterina Koroleva
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | | | - Sergey A. Shein
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Anna A. Korchagina
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Kizil A. Yusoof
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Raksha Parthasarathy
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Elizabeth A. Leadbetter
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Armen N. Akopian
- Department of Endodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Amanda R. Muñoz
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Alexei V. Tumanov
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States,*Correspondence: Alexei V. Tumanov,
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11
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Mauri
- Division of Infection and Immunity and Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, University College London, London, UK
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12
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Leadbetter EA, Karlsson MCI. Invariant natural killer T cells balance B cell immunity. Immunol Rev 2021; 299:93-107. [PMID: 33438287 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells mediate rapid immune responses which bridge the gap between innate and adaptive responses to pathogens while also providing key regulation to maintain immune homeostasis. Both types of important iNKT immune responses are mediated through interactions with innate and adaptive B cells. As such, iNKT cells sit at the decision-making fulcrum between regulating inflammatory or autoreactive B cells and supporting protective or regulatory B cell populations. iNKT cells interpret the signals in their environment to set the tone for subsequent adaptive responses, with outcomes ranging from getting licensed to maintain homeostasis as an iNKT regulatory cell (iNKTreg ) or being activated to become an iNKT follicular helper (iNKTFH ) cell supporting pathogen-specific effector B cells. Here we review iNKT and B cell cooperation across the spectrum of immune outcomes, including during allergy and autoimmune disease, tumor surveillance and immunotherapy, or pathogen defense and vaccine responses. Because of their key role as influencers, iNKT cells provide a valuable target for therapeutic interventions. Understanding the nature of the interactions between iNKT and B cells will enable the development of clinical interventions to strategically target regulatory iNKT and B cell populations or inflammatory ones, depending on the circumstance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Leadbetter
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Mikael C I Karlsson
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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13
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Reading the room: iNKT cells influence B cell responses. Mol Immunol 2020; 130:49-54. [PMID: 33360376 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2020.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Rapid immune responses regulated by invariant Natural Killer T (iNKT) cells bridge the gap between innate and adaptive responses to pathogens, while also providing key regulation to maintain immune homeostasis. iNKT immune protection and immune regulation are both mediated through interactions with innate and adaptive B cell populations that express CD1d. Recent studies have expanded our understanding of the position of iNKT cells at the fulcrum between regulating inflammatory and autoreactive B cells. Environmental signals influence iNKT cells to set the tone for subsequent adaptive responses, ranging from maintaining homeostasis as an iNKT regulatory cell (iNKTreg) or supporting pathogen-specific effector B cells as an iNKT follicular helper (iNKTFH). Here we review recent advances in iNKT and B cell cooperation during autoimmunity and sterile inflammation. Understanding the nature of the interactions between iNKT and B cells will enable the development of clinical interventions to strategically target regulatory iNKT and B cell populations or inflammatory ones, across a range of indications.
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