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Moed DE, Dimitriyev MS, Greenvall BR, Grason GM, Crosby AJ. Mesoscale polymer arrays: high aspect ratio surface structures and their digital reconstruction. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:8023-8035. [PMID: 39145479 DOI: 10.1039/d4sm00324a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Inspired by adhesive bio-filamentous structure, such as bacterial pili, this work details the methods used to fabricate and characterize a surface-anchored array of thin, flexible and shape-responsive mesoscale polymer ribbons with a length-to-thickness aspect ratio of up to 100 000. The resulting structures exhibit geometrically complex and dynamic morphologies consistent with elastocapillary bending that experience an increase in curvature over hours of aging due to creep. We develop a computational image analysis framework to generate 3D reconstructions of these densely crowded geometries and extract quantitative descriptors to demonstrate morphological changes due to aging. We demonstrate the robustness of this quantitative method by characterizing the creep-induced change in an aging ribbon array's shape and develop a scaling relationship to describe the importance of ribbon thickness for shape and dynamical observations. These methods demonstrate an essential baseline to probe morphology-property relationships of mesoscale polymer ribbon arrays fabricated from a variety of materials in numerous environments. Through the introduction of perfluorodecalin droplets, we illustrate the potential of these ribbon arrays towards applications in adhesive, microrobotic, and biomedical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demi E Moed
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 120 Governors Dr, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA.
| | - Michael S Dimitriyev
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 120 Governors Dr, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, 575 Ross St., College Station, Texas, 77840, USA
| | - Benjamin R Greenvall
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 120 Governors Dr, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA.
| | - Gregory M Grason
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 120 Governors Dr, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA.
| | - Alfred J Crosby
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 120 Governors Dr, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA.
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Boulay A, Quevarec E, Malet I, Nicastro G, Chamontin C, Perrin S, Henriquet C, Pugnière M, Courgnaud V, Blaise M, Marcelin AG, Taylor IA, Chaloin L, Arhel NJ. A new class of capsid-targeting inhibitors that specifically block HIV-1 nuclear import. EMBO Mol Med 2024:10.1038/s44321-024-00143-w. [PMID: 39358603 DOI: 10.1038/s44321-024-00143-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 08/29/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024] Open
Abstract
HIV-1 capsids cross nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) by engaging with the nuclear import machinery. To identify compounds that inhibit HIV-1 nuclear import, we screened drugs in silico on a three-dimensional model of a CA hexamer bound by Transportin-1 (TRN-1). Among hits, compound H27 inhibited HIV-1 with a low micromolar IC50. Unlike other CA-targeting compounds, H27 did not alter CA assembly or disassembly, inhibited nuclear import specifically, and retained antiviral activity against PF74- and Lenacapavir-resistant mutants. The differential sensitivity of divergent primate lentiviral capsids, capsid stability and H27 escape mutants, together with structural analyses, suggest that H27 makes multiple low affinity contacts with assembled capsid. Interaction experiments indicate that H27 may act by preventing CA from engaging with components of the NPC machinery such as TRN-1. H27 exhibited good metabolic stability in vivo and was efficient against different subtypes and circulating recombinant forms from treatment-naïve patients as well as strains resistant to the four main classes of antiretroviral drugs. This work identifies compounds that demonstrate a novel mechanism of action by specifically blocking HIV-1 nuclear import.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aude Boulay
- Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), University of Montpellier, CNRS 9004, 34293, Montpellier, France
| | - Emmanuel Quevarec
- Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), University of Montpellier, CNRS 9004, 34293, Montpellier, France
| | - Isabelle Malet
- Department of Virology, INSERM, Sorbonne University, AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Giuseppe Nicastro
- Macromolecular Structure Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Célia Chamontin
- Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), University of Montpellier, CNRS 9004, 34293, Montpellier, France
| | - Suzon Perrin
- Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), University of Montpellier, CNRS 9004, 34293, Montpellier, France
| | - Corinne Henriquet
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Institut Régional du Cancer, Montpellier, France
| | - Martine Pugnière
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Institut Régional du Cancer, Montpellier, France
| | - Valérie Courgnaud
- RNA viruses and host factors, Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, University of Montpellier, CNRS-UMR 5535, 1919 Route de Mende, Montpellier, 34293, Cedex 5, France
| | - Mickaël Blaise
- Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), University of Montpellier, CNRS 9004, 34293, Montpellier, France
| | - Anne-Geneviève Marcelin
- Department of Virology, INSERM, Sorbonne University, AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Ian A Taylor
- Macromolecular Structure Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Laurent Chaloin
- Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), University of Montpellier, CNRS 9004, 34293, Montpellier, France
| | - Nathalie J Arhel
- Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), University of Montpellier, CNRS 9004, 34293, Montpellier, France.
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Maarifi G, Martin MF, Zebboudj A, Boulay A, Nouaux P, Fernandez J, Lagisquet J, Garcin D, Gaudin R, Arhel NJ, Nisole S. Identifying enhancers of innate immune signaling as broad-spectrum antivirals active against emerging viruses. Cell Chem Biol 2022; 29:1113-1125.e6. [PMID: 35728599 PMCID: PMC9213012 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2022.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The increasingly frequent outbreaks of pathogenic viruses have underlined the urgent need to improve our arsenal of antivirals that can be deployed for future pandemics. Innate immunity is a powerful first line of defense against pathogens, and compounds that boost the innate response have high potential to act as broad-spectrum antivirals. Here, we harnessed localization-dependent protein-complementation assays (called Alpha Centauri) to measure the nuclear translocation of interferon regulatory factors (IRFs), thus providing a readout of innate immune activation following viral infection that is applicable to high-throughput screening of immunomodulatory molecules. As proof of concept, we screened a library of kinase inhibitors on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and identified Gilteritinib as a powerful enhancer of innate responses to viral infection. This immunostimulatory activity of Gilteritinib was found to be dependent on the AXL-IRF7 axis and results in a broad and potent antiviral activity against unrelated RNA viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghizlane Maarifi
- Viral Trafficking, Restriction and Innate Signaling, Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Marie-France Martin
- Viral Trafficking, Restriction and Innate Signaling, Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Abderezak Zebboudj
- Viral Trafficking, Restriction and Innate Signaling, Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Aude Boulay
- Viral Trafficking, Restriction and Innate Signaling, Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Pierre Nouaux
- Viral Trafficking, Restriction and Innate Signaling, Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Juliette Fernandez
- Viral Trafficking, Restriction and Innate Signaling, Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Justine Lagisquet
- Viral Trafficking, Restriction and Innate Signaling, Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Dominique Garcin
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Geneva School of Medicine, CMU, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Raphael Gaudin
- Membrane Dynamics & Viruses, Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Nathalie J Arhel
- Viral Trafficking, Restriction and Innate Signaling, Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, 34090 Montpellier, France.
| | - Sébastien Nisole
- Viral Trafficking, Restriction and Innate Signaling, Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, 34090 Montpellier, France.
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