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Chen L, Zhang G, Zhou G, Xiang C, Miao X, Liu L, An X, Lan H, Liu H. In Situ Visual Observation of Surface Energy-Controlled Heterogeneous Nucleation of Metal Nanocrystals. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2401674. [PMID: 39077956 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202401674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Electrochemical growth of metal nanocrystals is pivotal for material synthesis, processing, and resource recovery. Understanding the heterogeneous interface between electrolyte and electrode is crucial for nanocrystal nucleation, but the influence of this interaction is still poorly understood. This study employs advanced in situ measurements to investigate the heterogeneous nucleation of metals on solid surfaces. By observing the copper nanocrystal electrodeposition, an interphase interaction-induced nucleation mechanism highly dependent on substrate surface energy is uncovered. It shows that a high-energy (HE) electrode tended to form a polycrystalline structure, while a low-energy (LE) electrode induced a monocrystalline structure. Raman and electrochemical characterizations confirmed that HE interface enhances the interphase interaction, reducing the nucleation barrier for the sturdy nanostructures. This leads to a 30.92-52.21% reduction in the crystal layer thickness and a 19.18-31.78% increase in the charge transfer capability, promoting the formation of a uniform and compact film. The structural compactness of the early nucleated crystals enhances the deposit stability for long-duration electrodeposition. This research not only inspires comprehension of physicochemical processes correlated with heterogeneous nucleation, but also paves a new avenue for high-quality synthesis and efficient recovery of metallic nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Gong Zhang
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Gang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Chao Xiang
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xiaohe Miao
- Instrumentation and Service Center for Physical Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310024, China
| | - Lin Liu
- Instrumentation and Service Center for Physical Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310024, China
| | - Xiaoqiang An
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Huachun Lan
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Huijuan Liu
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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2
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Shen H, Tang P, Wei Q, Zhang Y, Yu T, Yang H, Zhang R, Tai K, Tan J, Bai S, Li F. Directing Highly Ordered and Dense Li Deposition to Achieve Stable Li Metal Batteries. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2206000. [PMID: 36892152 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202206000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Li metal anode is promising to achieve high-energy-density battery. However, it has rapid capacity fading due to the generation of inactive Li (dead Li), especially at high current density. This study reveals that the random distribution of Li nuclei leads to large uncertainty for the further growth behavior on Cu foil. Here, periodical regulation of Li nucleation sites on Cu foil by ordered lithiophilic micro-grooves is proposed to precisely manipulate the Li deposition morphology. The management of Li deposits in the lithiophilic grooves can induce high pressure on the Li particles, leading to the formation of dense Li structure and smooth surface without dendrite growth. Li deposits comprising tightly packed large Li particles largely reduce the side reaction and the generation of isolated metallic Li at high current density. Less dead Li accumulating on the substrate significantly prolongs the cycling life of full cells with limited Li inventory. The precise manipulation of the Li deposition on Cu is promising for high-energy and stable Li metal batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haorui Shen
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Pei Tang
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Qian Wei
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Yutong Zhang
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Sciences, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Tong Yu
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Huicong Yang
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Sciences, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Kaiping Tai
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Jun Tan
- Jihua Laboratory, Foshan, 528200, China
| | - Shuo Bai
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Feng Li
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang, 110016, China
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3
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Investigating microstructure evolution of lithium metal during plating and stripping via operando X-ray tomographic microscopy. Nat Commun 2023; 14:854. [PMID: 36792892 PMCID: PMC9931753 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36568-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Efficient lithium metal stripping and plating operation capable of maintaining electronic and ionic conductivity is crucial to develop safe lithium metal batteries. However, monitoring lithium metal microstructure evolution during cell cycling is challenging. Here, we report the development of an operando synchrotron X-ray tomographic microscopy method capable of probing in real-time the formation, growth, and dissolution of Li microstructures during the cycling of a Li||Cu cell containing a standard non-aqueous liquid electrolyte solution. The analyses of the operando X-ray tomographic microscopy measurements enable tracking the evolution of deposited Li metal as a function of time and applied current density and distinguishing the formation of electrochemically inactive Li from the active bulk of Li microstructures. Furthermore, in-depth analyses of the Li microstructures shed some light on the structural connectivity of deposited Li at different current densities as well as the formation mechanism of fast-growing fractal Li microstructures, which are ultimately responsible for cell failure.
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Abstract
Organic batteries using redox-active polymers and small organic compounds have become promising candidates for next-generation energy storage devices due to the abundance, environmental benignity, and diverse nature of organic resources. To date, tremendous research efforts have been devoted to developing advanced organic electrode materials and understanding the material structure-performance correlation in organic batteries. In contrast, less attention was paid to the correlation between electrolyte structure and battery performance, despite the critical roles of electrolytes for the dissolution of organic electrode materials, the formation of the electrode-electrolyte interphase, and the solvation/desolvation of charge carriers. In this review, we discuss the prospects and challenges of organic batteries with an emphasis on electrolytes. The differences between organic and inorganic batteries in terms of electrolyte property requirements and charge storage mechanisms are elucidated. To provide a comprehensive and thorough overview of the electrolyte development in organic batteries, the electrolytes are divided into four categories including organic liquid electrolytes, aqueous electrolytes, inorganic solid electrolytes, and polymer-based electrolytes, to introduce different components, concentrations, additives, and applications in various organic batteries with different charge carriers, interphases, and separators. The perspectives and outlook for the future development of advanced electrolytes are also discussed to provide a guidance for the electrolyte design and optimization in organic batteries. We believe that this review will stimulate an in-depth study of electrolytes and accelerate the commercialization of organic batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjie Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology (Ministry of Education), and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Robert Paul Hicks
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Zifeng Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology (Ministry of Education), and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Chao Luo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia 22030, United States
| | - Juchen Guo
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Chunsheng Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Yunhua Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology (Ministry of Education), and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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5
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Yang G, Li Y, Zhang C, Wang J, Bai Y, Lim CYJ, Ng MF, Chang Z, Kumar S, Sofer Z, Liu W, Seh ZW. In Situ Formed Magnesiophilic Sites Guiding Uniform Deposition for Stable Magnesium Metal Anodes. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:9138-9146. [PMID: 36354212 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c03710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Owing to its high volumetric capacity and natural abundance, magnesium (Mg) metal has attracted tremendous attention as an ideal anode material for rechargeable Mg batteries. Despite Mg deposition playing an integral role in determining the cycling lifespan, its exact behavior is not clearly understood yet. Herein, for the first time, we introduce a facile approach to build magnesiophilic In/MgIn sites in situ on a Mg metal surface using InCl3 electrolyte additive for rechargeable Mg batteries. These magnesiophilic sites can regulate Mg deposition behaviors by homogenizing the distributions of Mg-ion flux and electric field at the electrode-electrolyte interphase, allowing flat and compact Mg deposition to inhibit short-circuiting. The as-designed Mg metal batteries achieve a stable cycling lifespan of 340 h at 1.0 mA cm-2 and 1.0 mAh cm-2 using Celgard separators, while the full cell coupled with Mo6S8 cathode maintains a high capacity retention of 95.5% over 800 cycles at 1 C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoliang Yang
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Yuanjian Li
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Chang Zhang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Jianbiao Wang
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Yang Bai
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Carina Yi Jing Lim
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Man-Fai Ng
- Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Fusionopolis Way, Connexis, Singapore 138632, Singapore
| | - Zhi Chang
- Department of Materials Physics and Chemistry, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China
| | - Sonal Kumar
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Zdenek Sofer
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Wei Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Zhi Wei Seh
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, Singapore 138634, Singapore
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Zhou P, Xia Y, Wu Y, Hou WH, Lu Y, Yan SS, Zhou HY, Zhang W, Liu K. Novel Urea-Based Molecule Functioning as a Solid Electrolyte Interphase Enabler and LiPF 6 Decomposition Inhibitor for Fast-Charging Lithium Metal Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:38921-38930. [PMID: 35980284 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c11403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The practical application of lithium metal batteries is impeded by the growth of dendrites and decomposition of electrolytes especially at high temperature in normal carbonate-based electrolytes. Herein, a novel urea-based molecule, 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone (DMI), with a high donor number is proposed, which exhibits an extraordinary solubility of LiNO3 of over 5 M. As a result, a sufficient amount of LiNO3 is readily introduced into the carbonate electrolytes with DMI as an additive, and an average coulombic efficiency of 99.1% for lithium plating/stripping is achieved due to a stable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) rich in inorganic-rich lithium salts. The Li||Li symmetric cell achieves a stable operation for over 2500 h at 0.5 mA cm-2 and 1 mAh cm-2, and a granular shape of deposited Li metal is still preserved even at a high current density of 10 mA cm-2. Besides, the decomposition of LiPF6 is inhibited benefiting from its enhanced dissociation after the addition of DMI/LiNO3 and DMI's function as a PF5 scavenger. Consequently, the Li||LiFePO4 cell succeeds to achieve an excellent capacity retention of 95.6% after 2200 cycles at a high rate of 5C, and a stable operation is realized at a high temperature of 60 °C even under harsh conditions (45 μm ultrathin Li and ∼1.5 mAh cm-2 LiFePO4). This work enriches the solvents and additives pool for stable and high-performance lithium metal batteries and will shed light on future developments of advanced battery electrolytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Zhou
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yingchun Xia
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yuhao Wu
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wen-Hui Hou
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yang Lu
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shuai Shuai Yan
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hang-Yu Zhou
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Weili Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Kai Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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7
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Zheng J, Archer LA. Crystallographically Textured Electrodes for Rechargeable Batteries: Symmetry, Fabrication, and Characterization. Chem Rev 2022; 122:14440-14470. [PMID: 35950898 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The vast of majority of battery electrode materials of contemporary interest are of a crystalline nature. Crystals are, by definition, anisotropic from an atomic-structure perspective. The inherent structural anisotropy may give rise to favored mesoscale orientations and anisotropic properties whether the material is in a rest state or subjected to an external stimulus. The overall perspective of this review is that intentional manipulation of crystallographic anisotropy of electrochemically active materials constitute an untapped parameter space in energy storage systems and thus provide new opportunities for materials innovations and design. To that end, we contend that crystallographically textured electrodes, as opposed to their textureless poly crystalline or single-crystalline analogs, are promising candidates for next-generation storage of electrical energy in rechargeable batteries relevant to commercial practice. This perspective is underpinned first by the fundamental─to a first approximation─uniaxial, rotation-invariant symmetry of electrochemical cells. On this basis, we show that a crystallographically textured electrode with the preferred orientation aligned out-of-plane toward the counter electrode represents an optimal strategy for utilization of the crystals' anisotropic properties. Detailed analyses of anisotropy of different types lead to a simple, but potentially useful general principle that "Pec//Pc" textures are optimal for metal anodes, and "Pec//Sc" textures are optimal for insertion-type electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxu Zheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States.,Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Lynden A Archer
- Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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8
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Guo R, Liu X, Xia F, Jiang Y, Zhang H, Huang M, Niu C, Wu J, Zhao Y, Wang X, Han C, Mai L. Large-Scale Integration of a Zinc Metasilicate Interface Layer Guiding Well-Regulated Zn Deposition. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2202188. [PMID: 35477113 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202202188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Uneven distribution of electric fields at the electrolyte-anode interface and associated Zn dendrite growth is one of the most critical barriers that limit the life span of aqueous zinc-ion batteries. Herein, new-type Zn-A-O (A = Si, Ti) interface layers with thin and uniform thickness, porosity, and hydrophilicity properties are developed to realize homogeneous and smooth Zn plating. For ZnSiO3 nanosheet arrays on Zn foil (Zn@ZSO), their formation follows an "etching-nucleation-growth" mechanism that is confirmed by a well-designed Zn-island-based identical-location microscopy method, the geometric area of which is up to 1000 cm2 in one-pot synthesis based on a low-temperature wet-chemical method. Guided by the structural advantages of the ZSO layer, the Zn2+ flux gets equalized. Besides ultralow polarization, the life spans of symmetric cells and full cells coupled with a high-mass-loading K0.27 MnO2 ·0.54H2 O (8 mg cm-2 ) cathode, are increased by 3-7 times with the Zn@ZSO anode. Moreover, the large-scale preparation of Zn@ZSO foil contributes to a 0.5 Ah multilayer pouch cell with high performance, further confirming its prospects for practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiting Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xiong Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Fanjie Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yalong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Huazhang Zhang
- Department of Physical Science & Technology, School of Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Meng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Chaojiang Niu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Jinsong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xuanpeng Wang
- Department of Physical Science & Technology, School of Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Foshan Xianhu Laboratory of the Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Xianhu hydrogen Valley, Foshan, 528200, China
| | - Chunhua Han
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Liqiang Mai
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Foshan Xianhu Laboratory of the Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Xianhu hydrogen Valley, Foshan, 528200, China
- Hubei Longzhong Laboratory, Xiangyang, Hubei, 441000, China
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9
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Zhou HY, Yan SS, Li J, Dong H, Zhou P, Wan L, Chen XX, Zhang WL, Xia YC, Wang PC, Wang BG, Liu K. Lithium Bromide-Induced Organic-Rich Cathode/Electrolyte Interphase for High-Voltage and Flame-Retardant All-Solid-State Lithium Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:24469-24479. [PMID: 35587195 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c05016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)-based solid electrolyte suffers from limited anodic stability and an intrinsic flammable issue, hindering the achievement of high energy density and safe all-solid-state lithium batteries. Herein, we surprisingly found out that a bromine-rich additive, decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE), could be preferably oxidized at an elevated voltage and decompose to lithium bromide at an elevated potential followed by inducing an organic-rich cathode/electrolyte interphase (CEI) on NCM811 surface, enabling both high-voltage resistance (up to 4.5 V) and flame-retardancy for the PEO-based electrolyte. On the basis of this novel solid electrolyte, all-solid-state Li/NCM811 batteries deliver an average reversible capacity of 151.4 mAh g-1 over the first 150 cycles with high capacity retention (83.0%) and high average Coulombic efficiency (99.7%) even at a 4.5 V cutoff voltage with a unprecedented flame-retardant properties. In view of these exploration, our studies revealed the critical role of LiBr in inducing an organic-rich thin and uniform CEI passivating layer with enhanced lithium ion surface diffusion and high-voltage resistant properties, which provides a new protocol for the further design of a high-voltage PEO-based all-solid-state electrolyte.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang-Yu Zhou
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shuai-Shuai Yan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jun Li
- Sinopec Shanghai Research Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Shanghai 201208, China
| | - Hao Dong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Pan Zhou
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Lei Wan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiao-Xia Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wei-Li Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ying-Chun Xia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Pei-Can Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Bao-Guo Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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10
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Abstract
Rechargeable lithium-metal batteries (LMBs), which have high power and energy density, are very attractive to solve the intermittence problem of the energy supplied either by wind mills or solar plants or to power electric vehicles. However, two failure modes limit the commercial use of LMBs, i.e., dendrite growth at the surface of Li metal and side reactions with the electrolyte. Substantial research is being accomplished to mitigate these drawbacks. This article reviews the different strategies for fabricating safe LMBs, aiming to outperform lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). They include modification of the electrolyte (salt and solvents) to obtain a highly conductive solid–electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer, protection of the Li anode by in situ and ex situ coatings, use of three-dimensional porous skeletons, and anchoring Li on 3D current collectors.
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