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Jacob Bunu S, Cai H, Wu L, Zhang H, Zhou Z, Xu Z, Shi J, Zhu W. TRIP13 - a potential drug target in cancer pharmacotherapy. Bioorg Chem 2024; 151:107650. [PMID: 39042962 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
ATPases Associated with Diverse Cellular Activity (AAA+ATPases) are important enzymatic functional proteins in human cells. Thyroid Hormone Receptor Interacting Protein-13 (TRIP13) is a member of this protein superfamily, that partly regulates DNA repair pathways and spindle assembly checkpoints during mitosis. TRIP13 is reported as an oncogene involving multiple pathways in many human malignancies, including multiple myeloma, brain tumors, etc. The structure of TRIP13 reveals the mechanisms for ATP binding and how TRIP13 recognizes the Mitotic Arrest Deficiency-2 (MAD2) protein, with p31comet acting as an adapter protein. DCZ0415, TI17, DCZ5417, and DCZ5418 are the reported small-molecule inhibitors of TRIP13, which have been demonstrated to inhibit TRIP13's biological functions significantly and effective in suppressing various types of malignant cells, indicating that TRIP13 is a significant anticancer drug target. Currently, no systematic reviews are cutting across the functions, structure, and novel inhibitors of TRIP13. This review provides a comprehensive overview of TRIP13's biological functions, its roles in eighteen different cancers, four small molecule inhibitors, different underlying molecular mechanisms, and its functionality as a potential anticancer drug target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Jacob Bunu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Drug Discovery and Design Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Haiyan Cai
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Leyun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Drug Discovery and Design Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Zhaoyin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Drug Discovery and Design Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zhijian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Drug Discovery and Design Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jumei Shi
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China.
| | - Weiliang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Drug Discovery and Design Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China.
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2
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Li Y, Li L, Wang X, Zhao F, Yang Y, Zhou Y, Zhang J, Wang L, Jiang Z, Zhang Y, Chen Y, Wu C, Li K, Zhang T, Wang P, Mao Z, Zhu W, Xu X, Liang S, Lou Z, Yuan J. USP25 Elevates SHLD2-Mediated DNA Double-Strand Break Repair and Regulates Chemoresponse in Cancer. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2403485. [PMID: 38803048 PMCID: PMC11267380 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202403485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
DNA damage plays a significant role in the tumorigenesis and progression of the disease. Abnormal DNA repair affects the therapy and prognosis of cancer. In this study, it is demonstrated that the deubiquitinase USP25 promotes non-homologous end joining (NHEJ), which in turn contributes to chemoresistance in cancer. It is shown that USP25 deubiquitinates SHLD2 at the K64 site, which enhances its binding with REV7 and promotes NHEJ. Furthermore, USP25 deficiency impairs NHEJ-mediated DNA repair and reduces class switch recombination (CSR) in USP25-deficient mice. USP25 is overexpressed in a subset of colon cancers. Depletion of USP25 sensitizes colon cancer cells to IR, 5-Fu, and cisplatin. TRIM25 is also identified, an E3 ligase, as the enzyme responsible for degrading USP25. Downregulation of TRIM25 leads to an increase in USP25 levels, which in turn induces chemoresistance in colon cancer cells. Finally, a peptide that disrupts the USP25-SHLD2 interaction is successfully identified, impairing NHEJ and increasing sensitivity to chemotherapy in PDX model. Overall, these findings reveal USP25 as a critical effector of SHLD2 in regulating the NHEJ repair pathway and suggest its potential as a therapeutic target for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhui Li
- Medical Innovation CenterShanghai East HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai200120China
- Cancer CenterTongji University School of MedicineShanghai200331China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyTongji University School of MedicineShanghai200331China
| | - Lei Li
- Medical Innovation CenterShanghai East HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai200120China
- Cancer CenterTongji University School of MedicineShanghai200331China
| | - Xinshu Wang
- Medical Innovation CenterShanghai East HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai200120China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyTongji University School of MedicineShanghai200331China
| | - Fei Zhao
- College of BiologyHunan UniversityChangsha410082China
| | - Yuntong Yang
- Medical Innovation CenterShanghai East HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai200120China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyTongji University School of MedicineShanghai200331China
| | - Yujuan Zhou
- Medical Innovation CenterShanghai East HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai200120China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyTongji University School of MedicineShanghai200331China
| | - Jiyuan Zhang
- Medical Innovation CenterShanghai East HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai200120China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyTongji University School of MedicineShanghai200331China
| | - Li Wang
- Medical Innovation CenterShanghai East HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai200120China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyTongji University School of MedicineShanghai200331China
| | - Zeshan Jiang
- Medical Innovation CenterShanghai East HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai200120China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyTongji University School of MedicineShanghai200331China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Department of General Surgery and Colorectal SurgeryShanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghai200120China
| | - Yuping Chen
- Cancer CenterTongji University School of MedicineShanghai200331China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyTongji University School of MedicineShanghai200331China
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain‐Like IntelligenceShanghai Fourth People's HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai200080China
| | - Chenming Wu
- Medical Innovation CenterShanghai East HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai200120China
- Cancer CenterTongji University School of MedicineShanghai200331China
| | - Ke Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural MedicinesInstitute of Medicinal BiotechnologyChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100050China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural MedicinesInstitute of Medicinal BiotechnologyChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100050China
| | - Ping Wang
- Tongji University Cancer CenterShanghai Tenth People's HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai200072China
| | - Zhiyong Mao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal‐Fetal MedicineClinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant HospitalFrontier Science Center for Stem Cell ResearchTongji University School of MedicineShanghai200040China
| | - Weiguo Zhu
- International Cancer CenterGuangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Instability and Human Disease PreventionMarshall Laboratory of Biomedical EngineeringDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyShenzhen University Medical SchoolShenzhen518037China
| | - Xingzhi Xu
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen UniversityGuangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability and Disease Prevention and Carson International Cancer CenterMarshall Laboratory of Biomedical EngineeringShenzhen University School of MedicineShenzhen518055China
| | - Shikang Liang
- School of Biomedical SciencesLKS Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong Kong SAR999077Hong Kong
| | - Zhenkun Lou
- Department of OncologyMayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA
| | - Jian Yuan
- Medical Innovation CenterShanghai East HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai200120China
- Cancer CenterTongji University School of MedicineShanghai200331China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyTongji University School of MedicineShanghai200331China
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3
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Susvirkar V, Faesen AC. Shieldin complex assembly kinetics and DNA binding by SHLD3. Commun Biol 2023; 6:384. [PMID: 37031298 PMCID: PMC10082759 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04757-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The Shieldin complex represses end resection at DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) and thereby serves as a pro-non homologous end joining (NHEJ) factor. The molecular details of the assembly of Shieldin and its recruitment to DSBs are unclear. Shieldin contains two REV7 molecules, which have the rare ability to slowly switch between multiple distinct native states and thereby could dynamically control the assembly of Shieldin. Here, we report the identification of a promiscuous DNA binding domain in SHLD3. At the N-terminus, SHLD3 interacts with a dimer of REV7 molecules. We show that the interaction between SHLD3 and the first REV7 is remarkably slow, while in contrast the interaction between SHLD3 and SHLD2 with a second REV7 molecule is fast and does not require structural remodeling. Overall, these results provide insights into the rate-limiting step of the molecular assembly of the Shieldin complex and its recruitment at DNA DSBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Susvirkar
- Biochemistry of Signal Dynamics, Max-Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Alex C Faesen
- Biochemistry of Signal Dynamics, Max-Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany.
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Qi H, Grace Wright RH, Beato M, Price BD. The ADP-ribose hydrolase NUDT5 is important for DNA repair. Cell Rep 2022; 41:111866. [PMID: 36543120 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA damage leads to rapid synthesis of poly(ADP-ribose) (pADPr), which is important for damage signaling and repair. pADPr chains are removed by poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG), releasing free mono(ADP-ribose) (mADPr). Here, we show that the NUDIX hydrolase NUDT5, which can hydrolyze mADPr to ribose-5-phosphate and either AMP or ATP, is recruited to damage sites through interaction with PARG. NUDT5 does not regulate PARP or PARG activity. Instead, loss of NUDT5 reduces basal cellular ATP levels and exacerbates the decrease in cellular ATP that occurs during DNA repair. Further, loss of NUDT5 activity impairs RAD51 recruitment, attenuates the phosphorylation of key DNA-repair proteins, and reduces both H2A.Z exchange at damage sites and repair by homologous recombination. The ability of NUDT5 to hydrolyze mADPr, and/or regulate cellular ATP, may therefore be important for efficient DNA repair. Targeting NUDT5 to disrupt PAR/mADPr and energy metabolism may be an effective anti-cancer strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyun Qi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA 02215, USA
| | - Roni Helene Grace Wright
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Sant Cugat del Vallès, 08195 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel Beato
- Centro de Regulación Genòmica (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Brendan D Price
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA 02215, USA.
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5
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Patel DJ, Yu Y, Jia N. Bacterial origins of cyclic nucleotide-activated antiviral immune signaling. Mol Cell 2022; 82:4591-4610. [PMID: 36460008 PMCID: PMC9772257 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2022.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Second-messenger-mediated signaling by cyclic oligonucleotides (cOs) composed of distinct base, ring size, and 3'-5'/2'-5' linkage combinations constitutes the initial trigger resulting in activation of signaling pathways that have an impact on immune-mediated antiviral defense against invading viruses and phages. Bacteria and archaea have evolved CRISPR, CBASS, Pycsar, and Thoeris surveillance complexes that involve cO-mediated activation of effectors resulting in antiviral defense through either targeted nuclease activity, effector oligomerization-mediated depletion of essential cellular metabolites or disruption of host cell membrane functions. Notably, antiviral defense capitalizes on an abortive infection mechanism, whereby infected cells die prior to completion of the phage replication cycle. In turn, phages have evolved small proteins that target and degrade/sequester cOs, thereby suppressing host immunity. This review presents a structure-based mechanistic perspective of recent advances in the field of cO-mediated antiviral defense, in particular highlighting the ancient evolutionary adaptation by metazoans of bacterial cell-autonomous innate immune mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinshaw J Patel
- Structural Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | - You Yu
- Structural Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Ning Jia
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
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Pre-Existing and Acquired Resistance to PARP Inhibitor-Induced Synthetic Lethality. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14235795. [PMID: 36497275 PMCID: PMC9741207 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14235795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The advanced development of synthetic lethality has opened the doors for specific anti-cancer medications of personalized medicine and efficient therapies against cancers. One of the most popular approaches being investigated is targeting DNA repair pathways as the implementation of the PARP inhibitor (PARPi) into individual or combinational therapeutic schemes. Such treatment has been effectively employed against homologous recombination-defective solid tumors as well as hematopoietic malignancies. However, the resistance to PARPi has been observed in both preclinical research and clinical treatment. Therefore, elucidating the mechanisms responsible for the resistance to PARPi is pivotal for the further success of this intervention. Apart from mechanisms of acquired resistance, the bone marrow microenvironment provides a pre-existing mechanism to induce the inefficiency of PARPi in leukemic cells. Here, we describe the pre-existing and acquired mechanisms of the resistance to PARPi-induced synthetic lethality. We also discuss the potential rationales for developing effective therapies to prevent/repress the PARPi resistance in cancer cells.
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7
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Functions and Regulation of Meiotic HORMA-Domain Proteins. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13050777. [PMID: 35627161 PMCID: PMC9141381 DOI: 10.3390/genes13050777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
During meiosis, homologous chromosomes must recognize, pair, and recombine with one another to ensure the formation of inter-homologue crossover events, which, together with sister chromatid cohesion, promote correct chromosome orientation on the first meiotic spindle. Crossover formation requires the assembly of axial elements, proteinaceous structures that assemble along the length of each chromosome during early meiosis, as well as checkpoint mechanisms that control meiotic progression by monitoring pairing and recombination intermediates. A conserved family of proteins defined by the presence of a HORMA (HOp1, Rev7, MAd2) domain, referred to as HORMADs, associate with axial elements to control key events of meiotic prophase. The highly conserved HORMA domain comprises a flexible safety belt sequence, enabling it to adopt at least two of the following protein conformations: one closed, where the safety belt encircles a small peptide motif present within an interacting protein, causing its topological entrapment, and the other open, where the safety belt is reorganized and no interactor is trapped. Although functional studies in multiple organisms have revealed that HORMADs are crucial regulators of meiosis, the mechanisms by which HORMADs implement key meiotic events remain poorly understood. In this review, we summarize protein complexes formed by HORMADs, discuss their roles during meiosis in different organisms, draw comparisons to better characterize non-meiotic HORMADs (MAD2 and REV7), and highlight possible areas for future research.
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8
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Agarwal S, Afaq F, Bajpai P, Kim H, Elkholy A, Behring M, Chandrashekar DS, Diffalha SA, Khushman M, Sugandha SP, Varambally S, Manne U. DCZ0415, a small-molecule inhibitor targeting TRIP13, inhibits EMT and metastasis via inactivation of the FGFR4/STAT3 axis and the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in colorectal cancer. Mol Oncol 2022; 16:1728-1745. [PMID: 35194944 PMCID: PMC9019876 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid receptor-interacting protein 13 (TRIP13), a protein of the AAA-ATPase family, is upregulated in various human cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC). This study focused on the inhibition of TRIP13-induced CRC progression and signalling by DCZ0415, a small molecule targeting TRIP13. It demonstrated potent antitumour activity in TRIP13-deregulated cancer cell lines, regardless of their p53, KRAS, BRAF, epidermal growth factor receptor or microsatellite instability status. The treatment of CRC cells with DCZ0415 resulted in decreased cell proliferation, induced cell cycle arrest in the G2-M phase and increased apoptosis. DCZ0415 diminished xenograft tumour growth and metastasis of CRC in immunocompromised mice. DCZ0415 reduced expression of fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), and proteins associated with the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathways in cells and xenografts exhibiting high expression of TRIP13. Additionally, DCZ0415 decreased cyclin D1, β-catenin and T-cell factor 1, leading to the inactivation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. In a syngeneic CRC model, DCZ0415 treatment induced an immune response by decreasing PD1 and CTLA4 levels and increasing granzyme B, perforin and interferon gamma. In sum, DCZ04145 inhibits the TRIP13-FGFR4-STAT3 axis, inactivates NF-κB and Wnt/β-catenin signalling, activates antitumour immune response and reduces the progression and metastasis of CRC. This study provides a rationale to evaluate DCZ0415 clinically for the treatment of a subset of CRCs that exhibit dysregulated TRIP13 and FGFR4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Agarwal
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamALUSA
| | - Farrukh Afaq
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamALUSA
| | - Prachi Bajpai
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamALUSA
| | - Hyung‐Gyoon Kim
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamALUSA
| | - Amr Elkholy
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamALUSA
| | - Michael Behring
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamALUSA
| | | | - Sameer Al Diffalha
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamALUSA
- O’Neal Comprehensive Cancer CenterUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamALUSA
| | - Moh’d Khushman
- O’Neal Comprehensive Cancer CenterUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamALUSA
- Department of MedicineDivision of Medical OncologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamALUSA
| | - Shajan P. Sugandha
- Department of MedicineDivision of GastroenterologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamALUSA
| | - Sooryanarayana Varambally
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamALUSA
- O’Neal Comprehensive Cancer CenterUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamALUSA
| | - Upender Manne
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamALUSA
- O’Neal Comprehensive Cancer CenterUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamALUSA
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9
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Pernicone N, Elias M, Onn I, Tobi D, Listovsky T. Disrupting the MAD2L2-Rev1 Complex Enhances Cell Death upon DNA Damage. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27030636. [PMID: 35163901 PMCID: PMC8838411 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
DNA-damaging chemotherapy agents such as cisplatin have been the first line of treatment for cancer for decades. While chemotherapy can be very effective, its long-term success is often reduced by intrinsic and acquired drug resistance, accompanied by chemotherapy-resistant secondary malignancies. Although the mechanisms causing drug resistance are quite distinct, they are directly connected to mutagenic translesion synthesis (TLS). The TLS pathway promotes DNA damage tolerance by supporting both replication opposite to a lesion and inaccurate single-strand gap filling. Interestingly, inhibiting TLS reduces both cisplatin resistance and secondary tumor formation. Therefore, TLS targeting is a promising strategy for improving chemotherapy. MAD2L2 (i.e., Rev7) is a central protein in TLS. It is an essential component of the TLS polymerase zeta (ζ), and it forms a regulatory complex with Rev1 polymerase. Here we present the discovery of two small molecules, c#2 and c#3, that directly bind both in vitro and in vivo to MAD2L2 and influence its activity. Both molecules sensitize lung cancer cell lines to cisplatin, disrupt the formation of the MAD2L2-Rev1 complex and increase DNA damage, hence underlining their potential as lead compounds for developing novel TLS inhibitors for improving chemotherapy treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nomi Pernicone
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel;
| | - Maria Elias
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar Ilan University, Safed 52900, Israel; (M.E.); (I.O.)
| | - Itay Onn
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar Ilan University, Safed 52900, Israel; (M.E.); (I.O.)
| | - Dror Tobi
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel;
- Department of Computer Science, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
- The Ariel Center for Applied Cancer Research (ACACR), Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
- Correspondence: (D.T.); (T.L.)
| | - Tamar Listovsky
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel;
- The Ariel Center for Applied Cancer Research (ACACR), Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
- Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
- Correspondence: (D.T.); (T.L.)
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10
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Gu Y, Desai A, Corbett KD. Evolutionary Dynamics and Molecular Mechanisms of HORMA Domain Protein Signaling. Annu Rev Biochem 2022; 91:541-569. [PMID: 35041460 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biochem-090920-103246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Controlled assembly and disassembly of multi-protein complexes is central to cellular signaling. Proteins of the widespread and functionally diverse HORMA family nucleate assembly of signaling complexes by binding short peptide motifs through a distinctive safety-belt mechanism. HORMA proteins are now understood as key signaling proteins across kingdoms, serving as infection sensors in a bacterial immune system and playing central roles in eukaryotic cell cycle, genome stability, sexual reproduction, and cellular homeostasis pathways. Here, we describe how HORMA proteins' unique ability to adopt multiple conformational states underlies their functions in these diverse contexts. We also outline how a dedicated AAA+ ATPase regulator, Pch2/TRIP13, manipulates HORMA proteins' conformational states to activate or inactivate signaling in different cellular contexts. The emergence of Pch2/TRIP13 as a lynchpin for HORMA protein action in multiple genome-maintenance pathways accounts for its frequent misregulation in human cancers and highlights TRIP13 as a novel therapeutic target. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Biochemistry, Volume 91 is June 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajie Gu
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA;
| | - Arshad Desai
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA; .,Section of Cell & Developmental Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.,Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, San Diego Branch, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Kevin D Corbett
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
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11
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Hama T, Nagesh PK, Chowdhury P, Moore BM, Yallapu MM, Regner KR, Park F. DNA damage is overcome by TRIP13 overexpression during cisplatin nephrotoxicity. JCI Insight 2021; 6:139092. [PMID: 34806647 PMCID: PMC8663775 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.139092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin is a commonly used chemotherapeutic agent to treat a wide array of cancers that is frequently associated with toxic injury to the kidney due to oxidative DNA damage and perturbations in cell cycle progression leading to cell death. In this study, we investigated whether thyroid receptor interacting protein 13 (TRIP13) plays a central role in the protection of the tubular epithelia following cisplatin treatment by circumventing DNA damage. Following cisplatin treatment, double-stranded DNA repair pathways were inhibited using selective blockers to proteins involved in either homologous recombination or non-homologous end joining. This led to increased blood markers of acute kidney injury (AKI) (creatinine and neutrophil gelatinase–associated lipocalin), tubular damage, activation of DNA damage marker (γ-H2AX), elevated appearance of G2/M blockade (phosphorylated histone H3 Ser10 and cyclin B1), and apoptosis (cleaved caspase-3). Conditional proximal tubule–expressing Trip13 mice were observed to be virtually protected from the cisplatin nephrotoxicity by restoring most of the pathological phenotypes back toward normal conditions. Our findings suggest that TRIP13 could circumvent DNA damage in the proximal tubules during cisplatin injury and that TRIP13 may constitute a new therapeutic target in protecting the kidney from nephrotoxicants and reduce outcomes leading to AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taketsugu Hama
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Prashanth Kb Nagesh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.,Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, Texas, USA
| | - Pallabita Chowdhury
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Bob M Moore
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Murali M Yallapu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.,Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, Texas, USA
| | - Kevin R Regner
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Frank Park
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
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Du Truong C, Craig TA, Cui G, Botuyan MV, Serkasevich RA, Chan KY, Mer G, Chiu PL, Kumar R. Cryo-EM reveals conformational flexibility in apo DNA polymerase ζ. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:100912. [PMID: 34174285 PMCID: PMC8319531 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The translesion synthesis (TLS) DNA polymerases Rev1 and Polζ function together in DNA lesion bypass during DNA replication, acting as nucleotide inserter and extender polymerases, respectively. While the structural characterization of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Polζ in its DNA-bound state has illuminated how this enzyme synthesizes DNA, a mechanistic understanding of TLS also requires probing conformational changes associated with DNA- and Rev1 binding. Here, we used single-particle cryo-electron microscopy to determine the structure of the apo Polζ holoenzyme. We show that compared with its DNA-bound state, apo Polζ displays enhanced flexibility that correlates with concerted motions associated with expansion of the Polζ DNA-binding channel upon DNA binding. We also identified a lysine residue that obstructs the DNA-binding channel in apo Polζ, suggesting a gating mechanism. The Polζ subunit Rev7 is a hub protein that directly binds Rev1 and is a component of several other protein complexes such as the shieldin DNA double-strand break repair complex. We analyzed the molecular interactions of budding yeast Rev7 in the context of Polζ and those of human Rev7 in the context of shieldin using a crystal structure of Rev7 bound to a fragment of the shieldin-3 protein. Overall, our study provides new insights into Polζ mechanism of action and the manner in which Rev7 recognizes partner proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe Du Truong
- School of Molecular Sciences, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | - Theodore A Craig
- Nephrology and Hypertension Research, Division of Hypertension and Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Gaofeng Cui
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Maria Victoria Botuyan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Rachel A Serkasevich
- Nephrology and Hypertension Research, Division of Hypertension and Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Ka-Yi Chan
- School of Molecular Sciences, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | - Georges Mer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA; Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
| | - Po-Lin Chiu
- School of Molecular Sciences, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA; Biodesign Center for Structural Applied Discovery, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA.
| | - Rajiv Kumar
- Nephrology and Hypertension Research, Division of Hypertension and Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
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Clairmont CS, D'Andrea AD. REV7 directs DNA repair pathway choice. Trends Cell Biol 2021; 31:965-978. [PMID: 34147298 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2021.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
REV7 is a small multifunctional protein that participates in multiple DNA repair pathways, most notably translesion DNA synthesis and double-strand break (DSB) repair. While the role of REV7 in translesion synthesis has been known for several decades, its function in DSB repair is a recent discovery. Investigations into the DSB repair function of REV7 have led to the discovery of a new DNA repair complex known as Shieldin. Recent studies have also highlighted the importance of REV7's HORMA domain, an ancient structural motif, in REV7 function and have identified the HORMA regulators, TRIP13 and p31, as novel DNA repair factors. In this review, we discuss these recent findings and their implications for repair pathway choice, at both DSBs and replication forks. We suggest that REV7, in particular the activation state of its HORMA domain, can act as a critical determinant of mutagenic versus error-free repair in multiple contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor S Clairmont
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Alan D D'Andrea
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Center for DNA Damage and Repair, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
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de Krijger I, Boersma V, Jacobs JJL. REV7: Jack of many trades. Trends Cell Biol 2021; 31:686-701. [PMID: 33962851 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2021.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The HORMA domain protein REV7, also known as MAD2L2, interacts with a variety of proteins and thereby contributes to the establishment of different complexes. With doing so, REV7 impacts a diverse range of cellular processes and gained increasing interest as more of its activities became uncovered. REV7 has important roles in translesion synthesis and mitotic progression, and acts as a central component in the recently discovered shieldin complex that operates in DNA double-strand break repair. Here we discuss the roles of REV7 in its various complexes, focusing on its activity in genome integrity maintenance. Moreover, we will describe current insights on REV7 structural features that allow it to be such a versatile protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inge de Krijger
- Division of Oncogenomics, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Vera Boersma
- Division of Oncogenomics, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jacqueline J L Jacobs
- Division of Oncogenomics, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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