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Chen HY, Versteeg RB, Mankowsky R, Puppin M, Leroy L, Sander M, Deng Y, Oggenfuss RA, Zamofing T, Böhler P, Pradervand C, Mozzanica A, Vetter S, Smolentsev G, Kerkhoff L, Lemke HT, Chergui M, Mancini GF. A setup for hard x-ray time-resolved resonant inelastic x-ray scattering at SwissFEL. STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS (MELVILLE, N.Y.) 2024; 11:024308. [PMID: 38586277 PMCID: PMC10998714 DOI: 10.1063/4.0000236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
We present a new setup for resonant inelastic hard x-ray scattering at the Bernina beamline of SwissFEL with energy, momentum, and temporal resolution. The compact R = 0.5 m Johann-type spectrometer can be equipped with up to three crystal analyzers and allows efficient collection of RIXS spectra. Optical pumping for time-resolved studies can be realized with a broad span of optical wavelengths. We demonstrate the performance of the setup at an overall ∼180 meV resolution in a study of ground-state and photoexcited (at 400 nm) honeycomb 5d iridate α-Li2IrO3. Steady-state RIXS spectra at the iridium L3-edge (11.214 keV) have been collected and are in very good agreement with data collected at synchrotrons. The time-resolved RIXS transients exhibit changes in the energy loss region <2 eV, whose features mostly result from the hopping nature of 5d electrons in the honeycomb lattice. These changes are ascribed to modulations of the Ir-to-Ir inter-site transition scattering efficiency, which we associate to a transient screening of the on-site Coulomb interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Yuan Chen
- Lausanne Centre for Ultrafast Science (LACUS), ISIC, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rolf B. Versteeg
- Lausanne Centre for Ultrafast Science (LACUS), ISIC, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Roman Mankowsky
- SwissFEL, Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Michele Puppin
- Lausanne Centre for Ultrafast Science (LACUS), ISIC, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Mathias Sander
- SwissFEL, Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Yunpei Deng
- SwissFEL, Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | | | - Thierry Zamofing
- SwissFEL, Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Pirmin Böhler
- SwissFEL, Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Claude Pradervand
- Photon Science Division, Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Aldo Mozzanica
- Photon Science Division, Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Seraphin Vetter
- Photon Science Division, Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Grigory Smolentsev
- Energy and Environment Research Division, Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Linda Kerkhoff
- Sect. Crystallography, Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, University of Cologne, 50674 Köln, Germany
| | - Henrik T. Lemke
- SwissFEL, Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Majed Chergui
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed: and
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2
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Jang H, Ueda H, Kim HD, Kim M, Shin KW, Kim KH, Park SY, Shin HJ, Borisov P, Rosseinsky MJ, Jang D, Choi H, Eom I, Staub U, Chun SH. 4D Visualization of a Nonthermal Coherent Magnon in a Laser Heated Lattice by an X-ray Free Electron Laser. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2303032. [PMID: 37391904 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202303032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Ultrafast optical manipulation of magnetic phenomena is an exciting achievement of mankind, expanding one's horizon of knowledge toward the functional nonequilibrium states. The dynamics acting on an extremely short timescale push the detection limits that reveal fascinating light-matter interactions for nonthermal creation of effective magnetic fields. While some cases are benchmarked by emergent transient behaviors, otherwise identifying the nonthermal effects remains challenging. Here, a femtosecond time-resolved resonant magnetic X-ray diffraction experiment is introduced, which uses an X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) to distinguish between the effective field and the photoinduced thermal effect. It is observed that a multiferroic Y-type hexaferrite exhibits magnetic Bragg peak intensity oscillations manifesting entangled antiferromagnetic (AFM) and ferromagnetic (FM) Fourier components of a coherent AFM magnon. The magnon trajectory constructed in 3D space and time domains is decisive to evince ultrafast field formation preceding the lattice thermalization. A remarkable impact of photoexcitation across the electronic bandgap is directly unraveled, amplifying the photomagnetic coupling that is one of the highest among AFM dielectrics. Leveraging the above-bandgap photoexcitation, this energy-efficient optical process further suggests a novel photomagnetic control of ferroelectricity in multiferroics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoyoung Jang
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, POSTECH, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea
- Photon Science Center, POSTECH, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Hiroki Ueda
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen-PSI, 5232, Switzerland
- SwissFEL, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen-PSI, 5232, Switzerland
| | - Hyeong-Do Kim
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, POSTECH, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Minseok Kim
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, POSTECH, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Woo Shin
- Center for Novel States of Complex Materials Research, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kee Hoon Kim
- Center for Novel States of Complex Materials Research, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Youn Park
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, POSTECH, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jun Shin
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, POSTECH, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Pavel Borisov
- Department of Physics, Loughborough University, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, UK
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 3NY, UK
| | | | - Dogeun Jang
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, POSTECH, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeongi Choi
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, POSTECH, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Intae Eom
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, POSTECH, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea
- Photon Science Center, POSTECH, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Urs Staub
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen-PSI, 5232, Switzerland
| | - Sae Hwan Chun
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, POSTECH, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea
- Photon Science Center, POSTECH, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea
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3
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Hales J, Bajpai U, Liu T, Baykusheva DR, Li M, Mitrano M, Wang Y. Witnessing light-driven entanglement using time-resolved resonant inelastic X-ray scattering. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3512. [PMID: 37316515 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38540-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Characterizing and controlling entanglement in quantum materials is crucial for the development of next-generation quantum technologies. However, defining a quantifiable figure of merit for entanglement in macroscopic solids is theoretically and experimentally challenging. At equilibrium the presence of entanglement can be diagnosed by extracting entanglement witnesses from spectroscopic observables and a nonequilibrium extension of this method could lead to the discovery of novel dynamical phenomena. Here, we propose a systematic approach to quantify the time-dependent quantum Fisher information and entanglement depth of transient states of quantum materials with time-resolved resonant inelastic x-ray scattering. Using a quarter-filled extended Hubbard model as an example, we benchmark the efficiency of this approach and predict a light-enhanced many-body entanglement due to the proximity to a phase boundary. Our work sets the stage for experimentally witnessing and controlling entanglement in light-driven quantum materials via ultrafast spectroscopic measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordyn Hales
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA
| | - Utkarsh Bajpai
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA
| | - Tongtong Liu
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | | | - Mingda Li
- Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Matteo Mitrano
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA.
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Gong D, Yang J, Hao L, Horak L, Xin Y, Karapetrova E, Strempfer J, Choi Y, Kim JW, Ryan PJ, Liu J. Reconciling Monolayer and Bilayer J_{eff}=1/2 Square Lattices in Hybrid Oxide Superlattice. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:187201. [PMID: 36374692 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.187201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The number of atomic layers confined in a two-dimensional structure is crucial for the electronic and magnetic properties. Single-layer and bilayer J_{eff}=1/2 square lattices are well-known examples where the presence of the extra layer turns the XY anisotropy to the c-axis anisotropy. We report on experimental realization of a hybrid SrIrO_{3}/SrTiO_{3} superlattice that integrates monolayer and bilayer square lattices in one layered structure. By synchrotron x-ray diffraction, resonant x-ray magnetic scattering, magnetization, and resistivity measurements, we found that the hybrid superlattice exhibits properties that are distinct from both the single-layer and bilayer systems and cannot be explained by a simple addition of them. In particular, the entire hybrid superlattice orders simultaneously through a single antiferromagnetic transition at temperatures similar to the bilayer system but with all the J_{eff}=1/2 moments mainly pointing in the ab plane similar to the single-layer system. The results show that bringing monolayer and bilayer with orthogonal properties in proximity to each other in a hybrid superlattice structure is a powerful way to stabilize a unique state not obtainable in a uniform structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongliang Gong
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - Junyi Yang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - Lin Hao
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics at Extreme Conditions, High Magnetic Field Laboratory, HFIPS, Anhui, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Lukas Horak
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Charles University, Ke Karlovu 3, Prague 12116, Czech Republic
| | - Yan Xin
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, USA
| | - Evguenia Karapetrova
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Jörg Strempfer
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Yongseong Choi
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Jong-Woo Kim
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Philip J Ryan
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
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5
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Luo X, Obeysekera D, Won C, Sung SH, Schnitzer N, Hovden R, Cheong SW, Yang J, Sun K, Zhao L. Ultrafast Modulations and Detection of a Ferro-Rotational Charge Density Wave Using Time-Resolved Electric Quadrupole Second Harmonic Generation. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:126401. [PMID: 34597104 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.126401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We show the ferro-rotational nature of the commensurate charge density wave (CCDW) in 1T-TaS_{2} and track its dynamic modulations by temperature-dependent and time-resolved electric quadrupole rotation anisotropy-second harmonic generation (EQ RA-SHG), respectively. The ultrafast modulations manifest as the breathing and the rotation of the EQ RA-SHG patterns at three frequencies around the reported single CCDW amplitude mode frequency. A sudden shift of the triplet frequencies and a dramatic increase in the breathing and rotation magnitude further reveal a photoinduced transient CDW phase across a critical pump fluence of ∼0.5 mJ/cm^{2}.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangpeng Luo
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, 450 Church St, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Dimuthu Obeysekera
- Department of Physics, New Jersey Institute of Technology, 323 Dr Martin Luther King Jr Blvd, Newark, New Jersey 07102, USA
| | - Choongjae Won
- Laboratory for Pohang Emergent Materials, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory and Max Plank POSTECH Center for Complex Phase Materials, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - Suk Hyun Sung
- Department of Materials Sciences, University of Michigan, 2300 Hayward Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Noah Schnitzer
- Department of Materials Sciences, University of Michigan, 2300 Hayward Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Robert Hovden
- Department of Materials Sciences, University of Michigan, 2300 Hayward Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Sang-Wook Cheong
- Laboratory for Pohang Emergent Materials, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory and Max Plank POSTECH Center for Complex Phase Materials, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
- Rutgers Center for Emergent Materials and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - Junjie Yang
- Department of Physics, New Jersey Institute of Technology, 323 Dr Martin Luther King Jr Blvd, Newark, New Jersey 07102, USA
| | - Kai Sun
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, 450 Church St, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Liuyan Zhao
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, 450 Church St, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
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Fabiani G, Bouman MD, Mentink JH. Supermagnonic Propagation in Two-Dimensional Antiferromagnets. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:097202. [PMID: 34506161 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.097202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the propagation of magnons after ultrashort perturbations of the exchange interaction in the prototype two-dimensional Heisenberg antiferromagnet. Using the recently proposed neural quantum states, we predict highly anisotropic spreading in space constrained by the symmetry of the perturbation. Interestingly, the propagation speed at the shortest length scale and timescale is up to 40% higher than the highest magnon velocity. We argue that the enhancement stems from extraordinary strong magnon-magnon interactions, suggesting new avenues for manipulating information transfer on ultrashort length scales and timescales.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Fabiani
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials (IMM) Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - M D Bouman
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials (IMM) Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - J H Mentink
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials (IMM) Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, Netherlands
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