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Zhao XJG, Cao H. Linking research of biomedical datasets. Brief Bioinform 2022; 23:6712704. [PMID: 36151775 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbac373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomedical data preprocessing and efficient computing can be as important as the statistical methods used to fit the data; data processing needs to consider application scenarios, data acquisition and individual rights and interests. We review common principles, knowledge and methods of integrated research according to the whole-pipeline processing mechanism diverse, coherent, sharing, auditable and ecological. First, neuromorphic and native algorithms integrate diverse datasets, providing linear scalability and high visualization. Second, the choice mechanism of different preprocessing, analysis and transaction methods from raw to neuromorphic was summarized on the node and coordinator platforms. Third, combination of node, network, cloud, edge, swarm and graph builds an ecosystem of cohort integrated research and clinical diagnosis and treatment. Looking forward, it is vital to simultaneously combine deep computing, mass data storage and massively parallel communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Ju George Zhao
- Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics (WIPM), China.,Wuhan Polytechnic University, China
| | - Hui Cao
- Wuhan Polytechnic University, China
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Cadigan RJ, Waltz M, Henderson GE, Conley JM, Davis AM, Major R, Juengst ET. Scientists' Views on Scientific Self-Governance for Human Genome Editing Research. Hum Gene Ther 2022; 33:1157-1163. [PMID: 35850532 PMCID: PMC9700337 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2022.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
As research on human gene editing has grown, a variety of prominent international organizations are considering how best to govern such research. But what role do scientists engaged in genome editing think they should have in developing research governance? In this study, we present results from a survey of 212 U.S.-based scientists regarding views on human genome editing governance. Most did not believe that scientists should be allowed to self-govern human genome editing research. Open-ended responses revealed four main reasons: conflicts of interest, the inevitability of rare "bad apples," historical evidence to the contrary, and the limitations of scientific expertise. Analyses of open-ended responses also revealed scientists' views on how human gene editing research should be governed. These views emphasize interdisciplinary professional and public input. The study results illustrate a noteworthy shift in the scientific community's traditional vision of professional autonomy and can inform ongoing efforts to develop research governance approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Jean Cadigan
- Department of Social Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Margaret Waltz
- Department of Social Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Gail E. Henderson
- Department of Social Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - John M. Conley
- University of North Carolina School of Law, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Arlene M. Davis
- Department of Social Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Rami Major
- Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Eric T. Juengst
- Department of Social Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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Peng Y, Lv J, Ding L, Gong X, Zhou Q. Responsible governance of human germline genome editing in China. Biol Reprod 2022; 107:261-268. [PMID: 35640230 PMCID: PMC9310509 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioac114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Considerable improvements have been made to gene editing technology, which has been increasingly applied to research involving humans. Nevertheless, human heritable germline genome editing is associated with a series of potential ethical, legal, and social risks, which have generated major controversies and discussions worldwide, especially after the “gene-edited babies” incident. Influenced by this incident, China has realized the importance of ethical governance in the field of life science and technology, has accelerated legislative and policy efforts in this field, and has gradually moved toward the direction of “precautionary” ethical governance. Black letter analysis, big data public opinion analysis, and other research methods are used in this paper. This paper explores the scientific background, ethical debates, and latest developments regarding China’s regulatory framework for human germline gene editing after the “gene-edited babies” controversy and provides several recommendations on the future governance system of human germline gene editing in China. This paper argues that in recent years, the ethics governance of germline genome editing in China has been accelerated and great changes have been made. However, the regulatory system for germline genome editing requires further improvement in three aspects: coordination of legislation and agencies, establishment of an ethics review system at high levels, and public participation and education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaojin Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jianwei Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Lulu Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xia Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Abdelbasset WK, Jasim SA, Sharma SK, Margiana R, Bokov DO, Obaid MA, Hussein BA, Lafta HA, Jasim SF, Mustafa YF. Alginate-Based Hydrogels and Tubes, as Biological Macromolecule-Based Platforms for Peripheral Nerve Tissue Engineering: A Review. Ann Biomed Eng 2022; 50:628-653. [PMID: 35446001 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-022-02955-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Unlike the central nervous system, the peripheral nervous system (PNS) has an inherent capacity to regenerate following injury. However, in the case of large nerve defects where end-to-end cooptation of two nerve stumps is not tension-free, autologous nerve grafting is often utilized to bridge the nerve gaps. To address the challenges associated with autologous nerve grafting, neural guidance channels (NGCs) have been successfully translated into clinic. Furthermore, hydrogel-based drug delivery systems have been extensively studied for the repair of PNS injuries. There are numerous biomaterial options for the production of NGCs and hydrogels. Among different candidates, alginate has shown promising results in PNS tissue engineering. Alginate is a naturally occurring polysaccharide which is biocompatible, non-toxic, non-immunogenic, and possesses modifiable properties. In the current review, applications, challenges, and future perspectives of alginate-based NGCs and hydrogels in the repair of PNS injuries will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walid Kamal Abdelbasset
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box. 173, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia. .,Department of Physical Therapy, Kasr Al-Aini Hospital, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt.
| | - Saade Abdalkareem Jasim
- Medical Laboratory Techniques Department, Al-maarif University College, Al-anbar-Ramadi, Iraq
| | - Satish Kumar Sharma
- Pharmacology Department, Glocal School of Pharmacy, The Glocal University, Saharanpur, India
| | - Ria Margiana
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia. .,Master's Programme Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia. .,Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia.
| | - Dmitry Olegovich Bokov
- Institute of Pharmacy, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 8 Trubetskaya St., bldg. 2, Moscow, Russian Federation, 119991.,Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Federal Research Center of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, 2/14 Ustyinsky pr, Moscow, Russian Federation, 109240
| | - Maithm A Obaid
- College of Pharmacy, National University of Science and Technology, Thi Qar, Iraq
| | | | | | - Sara Firas Jasim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul, 41001, Iraq
| | - Yasser Fakri Mustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul, 41001, Iraq
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