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Chen K, Li Q, Li Y, Jiang D, Chen L, Jiang J, Li S, Zhang C. Tetraspanins in digestive‑system cancers: Expression, function and therapeutic potential (Review). Mol Med Rep 2024; 30:200. [PMID: 39239742 PMCID: PMC11411235 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2024.13324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The tetraspanin family of membrane proteins is essential for controlling different biological processes such as cell migration, penetration, adhesion, growth, apoptosis, angiogenesis and metastasis. The present review summarized the current knowledge regarding the expression and roles of tetraspanins in different types of cancer of the digestive system, including gastric, liver, colorectal, pancreatic, esophageal and oral cancer. Depending on the type and context of cancer, tetraspanins can act as either tumor promoters or suppressors. In the present review, the importance of tetraspanins in serving as biomarkers and targets for different types of digestive system‑related cancer was emphasized. Additionally, the molecular mechanisms underlying the involvement of tetraspanins in cancer progression and metastasis were explored. Furthermore, the current challenges are addressed and future research directions for advancing investigations related to tetraspanins in the context of digestive system malignancies are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Qiuhong Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Yangyi Li
- Department of Medical Imaging, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Donghui Jiang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Ligang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Department of General Surgery (Thyroid Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Shengbiao Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Chunxiang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
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Tizu M, Calenic B, Constantinescu AE, Bratei AA, Stoia RA, Popa MCG, Constantinescu I. Cluster of Differentiation Markers and Human Leukocyte Antigen Expression in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Patients: Correlations and Clinical Relevance. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:10008-10025. [PMID: 39329950 PMCID: PMC11430089 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46090598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2024] [Revised: 09/03/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a distinct category of lymphoproliferative disorder characterized by the clonal expansion of mature B cells, followed by their accumulation in primary and secondary lymphoid organs. Cluster of differentiation (CD) markers such as CD79b, CD45, CD23, CD22 and CD81 serve as reliable prognostic indicators in CLL as well as the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) with its well-documented associations with various cancers. This study aims to investigate, for the first time, potential connections between HLA typing and CD marker expression in CLL. Although it is one of the most prevalent neoplasms, there is a need for biomarkers that can improve survival. This study included 66 CLL patients and 100 controls, with all samples analyzed using biochemical methods, flow cytometry, and cytomorphology. Next-generation sequencing was performed for HLA typing. The results indicate that several CD markers are statistically associated with different HLA alleles, specifically CD45 with HLA-C*07:01:01; CD79b with HLA-DPA1*02:01:02; CD23 with HLA-B*39:01:01; CD22 with HLA-B*49:01:01, HLA-C*07:01:01, HLA-DPB1*02:01:02, and HLA-DRB1*07:01:01; and CD81 with HLA-DPB1*04:02:01, HLA-DQA1*01:04:01, and HLA-DQB1*05:03:01. In conclusion, this research demonstrates significant statistical links between HLA genes and immunophenotypic markers in CLL patients, shedding new light on the immunological context of CLL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Tizu
- Immunology and Transplant Immunology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 258 Fundeni Avenue, 022328 Bucharest, Romania; (M.T.); (A.-E.C.); (M.C.-G.P.); (I.C.)
- Centre of Immunogenetics and Virology, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 258 Fundeni Avenue, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Bogdan Calenic
- Immunology and Transplant Immunology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 258 Fundeni Avenue, 022328 Bucharest, Romania; (M.T.); (A.-E.C.); (M.C.-G.P.); (I.C.)
| | - Alexandra-Elena Constantinescu
- Immunology and Transplant Immunology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 258 Fundeni Avenue, 022328 Bucharest, Romania; (M.T.); (A.-E.C.); (M.C.-G.P.); (I.C.)
- Academy of Romanian Scientists (AOSR), 3 Ilfov Street, Sector 5, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
- “Emil Palade” Centre of Excellence for Initiating Young People in Scientific Research, 3 Ilfov Street, Sector 5, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Razvan Antonio Stoia
- Hematology Center, Fundeni Institute, 258 Fundeni Avenue, 022328 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Mihnea Catalin-Gabriel Popa
- Immunology and Transplant Immunology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 258 Fundeni Avenue, 022328 Bucharest, Romania; (M.T.); (A.-E.C.); (M.C.-G.P.); (I.C.)
| | - Ileana Constantinescu
- Immunology and Transplant Immunology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 258 Fundeni Avenue, 022328 Bucharest, Romania; (M.T.); (A.-E.C.); (M.C.-G.P.); (I.C.)
- Centre of Immunogenetics and Virology, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 258 Fundeni Avenue, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists (AOSR), 3 Ilfov Street, Sector 5, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
- “Emil Palade” Centre of Excellence for Initiating Young People in Scientific Research, 3 Ilfov Street, Sector 5, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
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van Deventer S, Hoogvliet IA, van de Voort M, Arnold F, Ter Beest M, van Spriel AB. N-Glycosylation-dependent regulation of immune-specific tetraspanins CD37 and CD53. Biophys J 2024; 123:2301-2311. [PMID: 38031400 PMCID: PMC11331048 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2023.11.3399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Tetraspanin proteins play an important role in many cellular processes as they are key organizers of different receptors on the plasma membrane. Most tetraspanins are highly glycosylated at their large extracellular loop; however, little is known about the function of tetraspanin glycosylation in immune cells. In this study we investigated the effects of glycosylation of CD37 and CD53, two tetraspanins important for cellular and humoral immunity. Broad and cell-specific repertoires of N-glycosylated CD37 and CD53 were observed in human B cells. We generated different glycosylation mutants of CD37 and CD53 and analyzed their localization, nanoscale plasma membrane organization, and partner protein interaction capacity. Abrogation of glycosylation in CD37 revealed the importance of this modification for CD37 surface expression, whereas surface expression of CD53 was unaffected by its glycosylation. Single-molecule dSTORM microscopy revealed that the nanoscale organization of CD53 was not dependent on glycosylation. CD37 interaction with its partner proteins CD53 and CD20 was affected by glycosylation in a localization-dependent way, whereas its interaction with IL-6Rα was independent of glycosylation. Surprisingly, glycosylation was found to inhibit the interaction between CD53 and its partner proteins CD45, CD20, and, to a lesser extent CD37. Together, our data show that glycosylation affects the interaction capacity of immune-specific tetraspanins CD37 and CD53, which adds another layer of regulation to immune membrane organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sjoerd van Deventer
- Department of Medical BioSciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Ilse A Hoogvliet
- Department of Medical BioSciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Merel van de Voort
- Department of Medical BioSciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Frank Arnold
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Martin Ter Beest
- Department of Medical BioSciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Annemiek B van Spriel
- Department of Medical BioSciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
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Dharan R, Sorkin R. Tetraspanin proteins in membrane remodeling processes. J Cell Sci 2024; 137:jcs261532. [PMID: 39051897 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.261532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Membrane remodeling is a fundamental cellular process that is crucial for physiological functions such as signaling, membrane fusion and cell migration. Tetraspanins (TSPANs) are transmembrane proteins of central importance to membrane remodeling events. During these events, TSPANs are known to interact with themselves and other proteins and lipids; however, their mechanism of action in controlling membrane dynamics is not fully understood. Since these proteins span the membrane, membrane properties such as rigidity, curvature and tension can influence their behavior. In this Review, we summarize recent studies that explore the roles of TSPANs in membrane remodeling processes and highlight the unique structural features of TSPANs that mediate their interactions and localization. Further, we emphasize the influence of membrane curvature on TSPAN distribution and membrane domain formation and describe how these behaviors affect cellular functions. This Review provides a comprehensive perspective on the multifaceted function of TSPANs in membrane remodeling processes and can help readers to understand the intricate molecular mechanisms that govern cellular membrane dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raviv Dharan
- School of Chemistry , Raymond & Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences , Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Center for Physics and Chemistry of Living Systems , Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Raya Sorkin
- School of Chemistry , Raymond & Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences , Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Center for Physics and Chemistry of Living Systems , Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Querol Cano L, Dunlock VME, Schwerdtfeger F, van Spriel AB. Membrane organization by tetraspanins and galectins shapes lymphocyte function. Nat Rev Immunol 2024; 24:193-212. [PMID: 37758850 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-023-00935-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Immune receptors are not randomly distributed at the plasma membrane of lymphocytes but are segregated into specialized domains that function as platforms to initiate signalling, as exemplified by the B cell or T cell receptor complex and the immunological synapse. 'Membrane-organizing proteins' and, in particular, tetraspanins and galectins, are crucial for controlling the spatiotemporal organization of immune receptors and other signalling proteins. Deficiencies in specific tetraspanins and galectins result in impaired immune synapse formation, lymphocyte proliferation, antibody production and migration, which can lead to impaired immunity, tumour development and autoimmunity. In contrast to conventional ligand-receptor interactions, membrane organizers interact in cis (on the same cell) and modulate receptor clustering, receptor dynamics and intracellular signalling. New findings have uncovered their complex and dynamic nature, revealing shared binding partners and collaborative activity in determining the composition of membrane domains. Therefore, immune receptors should not be envisaged as independent entities and instead should be studied in the context of their spatial organization in the lymphocyte membrane. We advocate for a novel approach to study lymphocyte function by globally analysing the role of membrane organizers in the assembly of different membrane complexes and discuss opportunities to develop therapeutic approaches that act via the modulation of membrane organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laia Querol Cano
- Department of Medical BioSciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Vera-Marie E Dunlock
- Department of Medical BioSciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Fabian Schwerdtfeger
- Department of Medical BioSciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Annemiek B van Spriel
- Department of Medical BioSciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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Shao S, Bu Z, Xiang J, Liu J, Tan R, Sun H, Hu Y, Wang Y. The role of Tetraspanins in digestive system tumor development: update and emerging evidence. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1343894. [PMID: 38389703 PMCID: PMC10882080 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1343894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Digestive system malignancies, including cancers of the esophagus, pancreas, stomach, liver, and colorectum, are the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide due to their high morbidity and poor prognosis. The lack of effective early diagnosis methods is a significant factor contributing to the poor prognosis for these malignancies. Tetraspanins (Tspans) are a superfamily of 4-transmembrane proteins (TM4SF), classified as low-molecular-weight glycoproteins, with 33 Tspan family members identified in humans to date. They interact with other membrane proteins or TM4SF members to form a functional platform on the cytoplasmic membrane called Tspan-enriched microdomain and serve multiple functions including cell adhesion, migration, propagation and signal transduction. In this review, we summarize the various roles of Tspans in the progression of digestive system tumors and the underlying molecular mechanisms in recent years. Generally, the expression of CD9, CD151, Tspan1, Tspan5, Tspan8, Tspan12, Tspan15, and Tspan31 are upregulated, facilitating the migration and invasion of digestive system cancer cells. Conversely, Tspan7, CD82, CD63, Tspan7, and Tspan9 are downregulated, suppressing digestive system tumor cell metastasis. Furthermore, the connection between Tspans and the metastasis of malignant bone tumors is reviewed. We also summarize the potential role of Tspans as novel immunotherapy targets and as an approach to overcome drug resistance. Finally, we discuss the potential clinical value and therapeutic targets of Tspans in the treatments of digestive system malignancies and provide some guidance for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijie Shao
- Articular Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Zhen Bu
- Department of General Surgery, Xinyi People's Hospital, Xinyi, China
| | - Jinghua Xiang
- Articular Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Jiachen Liu
- Articular Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Rui Tan
- Articular Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Han Sun
- Articular Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Yuanwen Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kunshan First People's Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Kunshan, China
| | - Yimin Wang
- Articular Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
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7
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Forsdyke DR. Aggregation-prone peptides from within a non-self-protein homoaggregate are preferred for MHC association: Historical overview. Scand J Immunol 2023; 98:e13306. [PMID: 38441340 DOI: 10.1111/sji.13306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
New technologies assist re-evaluation of hypotheses on generation of immune cell repertoires and distinctions of self from non-self. Findings include positive correlations between peptide propensities to aggregate and their binding to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins. This recalls the hypothesis that foreign proteins may homoaggregate in host cytosols prior to releasing their peptides (p) to form pMHC complexes. Clues to this included aggregation-related phenomena associated with infections (rouleaux formation, pyrexia, certain brain diseases). By virtue of 'promiscuous' gene expression by thymic presenting cells - perhaps adapted from earlier evolving gonadal mechanisms - developing T cells monitor surface pMHC clusterings. This evaluates intracellular concentrations of the corresponding proteins, and hence, following Burnet's two signal principle, degrees of self-reactivity. After positive selection in the thymic cortex for reactivity with 'near-self', high-level pMHC clustering suffices in the medulla for negatively selection. Following Burnet's principle, in the periphery low-level clustering suffices for T cell stimulation and high-level clustering again provokes negative selection (immunological tolerance). For evolving intracellular pathogens, fine-tuned polymorphisms of their host species have limited to 'near-self' some mimicking adaptations. It is proposed that while entire pathogen proteins may have evolved to minimize their aggregability, the greater aggregability of their peptides remains partially hidden within. Two-step proofreading mechanisms in prospective hosts select proteins containing aggregable peptide for the generation of pMHC clusters at the surface of presenting cells. Through mutations, some proteins of pathogens and cancer cells tend to converge towards the host 'near-self' that its T cells have auditioned to address.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald R Forsdyke
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
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8
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Sari G, Rock KL. Tumor immune evasion through loss of MHC class-I antigen presentation. Curr Opin Immunol 2023; 83:102329. [PMID: 37130455 PMCID: PMC10524158 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2023.102329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
CD8 T cells recognize cancers when they detect antigenic peptides presented on a tumor's surface MHC-I molecules. Since MHC-I antigen presentation is not essential for cell growth or survival, many cancers inactivate this pathway, and thereby escape control by CD8 T cells. Such immune evasion allows cancers to progress and also become resistant to CD8 T- cell-based immunotherapies, such as checkpoint blockade. Here, we review recent findings about the various different mechanisms that cancers use to impair antigen presentation, the consequence of such changes, and, in some cases, the potential to reverse these defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulce Sari
- University of Massachusetts Medical School, Department of Pathology, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Kenneth L Rock
- University of Massachusetts Medical School, Department of Pathology, Worcester, MA, USA.
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Shen Y, Jin SJ, Chen YC, Liu WH, Li YM, Zhao WY, Xu YC, Chen SQ, Zhao WB. Improving the tumor selectivity of T cell engagers by logic-gated dual tumor-targeting. Pharmacol Res 2023; 192:106781. [PMID: 37119880 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Targeting single tumor antigens makes it difficult to provide sufficient tumor selectivity for T cell engagers (TCEs), leading to undesirable toxicity and even treatment failure, which is particularly serious in solid tumors. Here, we designed novel trispecific TCEs (TriTCEs) to improve the tumor selectivity of TCEs by logic-gated dual tumor-targeting. TriTCE can effectively redirect and activate T cells to kill tumor cells (~18 pM EC50) by inducing the aggregation of dual tumor antigens, which was ~70- or 750- fold more effective than the single tumor-targeted isotype controls, respectively. Further in vivo experiments indicated that TriTCE has the ability to accumulate in tumor tissue and can induce circulating T cells to infiltrate into tumor sites. Hence, TriTCE showed a stronger tumor growth inhibition ability and significantly prolonged the survival time of the mice. Finally, we revealed that this concept of logic-gated dual tumor-targeted TriTCE can be applied to target different tumor antigens. Cumulatively, we reported novel dual tumor-targeted TriTCEs that can mediate a robust T cell response by simultaneous recognition of dual tumor antigens at the same cell surface. TriTCEs allow better selective T cell activity on tumor cells, resulting in safer TCE treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Shen
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Shi-Jie Jin
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yi-Chang Chen
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wen-Hui Liu
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Hangzhou Biosun Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, 310015, China
| | - Yi-Ming Li
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wen-Yi Zhao
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Ying-Chun Xu
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shu-Qing Chen
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Wen-Bin Zhao
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310018, China; Key Laboratory of Prevention, Diagnosis and Therapy of Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310022, China.
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Zhou Z, Yang Z, Zhou L, Yang M, He S. The versatile roles of testrapanins in cancer from intracellular signaling to cell-cell communication: cell membrane proteins without ligands. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:59. [PMID: 36941633 PMCID: PMC10025802 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-00995-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The tetraspanins (TSPANs) are a family of four-transmembrane proteins with 33 members in mammals. They are variably expressed on the cell surface, various intracellular organelles and vesicles in nearly all cell types. Different from the majority of cell membrane proteins, TSPANs do not have natural ligands. TSPANs typically organize laterally with other membrane proteins to form tetraspanin-enriched microdomains (TEMs) to influence cell adhesion, migration, invasion, survival and induce downstream signaling. Emerging evidence shows that TSPANs can regulate not only cancer cell growth, metastasis, stemness, drug resistance, but also biogenesis of extracellular vesicles (exosomes and migrasomes), and immunomicroenvironment. This review summarizes recent studies that have shown the versatile function of TSPANs in cancer development and progression, or the molecular mechanism of TSPANs. These findings support the potential of TSPANs as novel therapeutic targets against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihang Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, and Tung Biomedical Sciences Center, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zihan Yang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, and Tung Biomedical Sciences Center, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
- Department of Precision Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, City University of Hong Kong Futian Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, and Tung Biomedical Sciences Center, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengsu Yang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, and Tung Biomedical Sciences Center, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
- Department of Precision Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, City University of Hong Kong Futian Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Song He
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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