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Darmasaputra GS, Geerlings CC, Chuva de Sousa Lopes SM, Clevers H, Galli M. Binucleated human hepatocytes arise through late cytokinetic regression during endomitosis M phase. J Cell Biol 2024; 223:e202403020. [PMID: 38727809 PMCID: PMC11090133 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202403020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Binucleated polyploid cells are common in many animal tissues, where they arise by endomitosis, a non-canonical cell cycle in which cells enter M phase but do not undergo cytokinesis. Different steps of cytokinesis have been shown to be inhibited during endomitosis M phase in rodents, but it is currently unknown how human cells undergo endomitosis. In this study, we use fetal-derived human hepatocyte organoids (Hep-Orgs) to investigate how human hepatocytes initiate and execute endomitosis. We find that cells in endomitosis M phase have normal mitotic timings, but lose membrane anchorage to the midbody during cytokinesis, which is associated with the loss of four cortical anchoring proteins, RacGAP1, Anillin, SEPT9, and citron kinase (CIT-K). Moreover, reduction of WNT activity increases the percentage of binucleated cells in Hep-Orgs, an effect that is dependent on the atypical E2F proteins, E2F7 and E2F8. Together, we have elucidated how hepatocytes undergo endomitosis in human Hep-Orgs, providing new insights into the mechanisms of endomitosis in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella S. Darmasaputra
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Cindy C. Geerlings
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | | | - Hans Clevers
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Matilde Galli
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
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2
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Post Y, Lu C, Fletcher RB, Yeh WC, Nguyen H, Lee SJ, Li Y. Design principles and therapeutic applications of novel synthetic WNT signaling agonists. iScience 2024; 27:109938. [PMID: 38832011 PMCID: PMC11145361 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Wingless-related integration site or Wingless and Int-1 or Wingless-Int (WNT) signaling is crucial for embryonic development, and adult tissue homeostasis and regeneration, through its essential roles in cell fate, patterning, and stem cell regulation. The biophysical characteristics of WNT ligands have hindered efforts to interrogate ligand activity in vivo and prevented their development as therapeutics. Recent breakthroughs have enabled the generation of synthetic WNT signaling molecules that possess characteristics of natural ligands and potently activate the pathway, while also providing distinct advantages for therapeutic development and manufacturing. This review provides a detailed discussion of the protein engineering of these molecular platforms for WNT signaling agonism. We discuss the importance of WNT signaling in several organs and share insights from the initial application of these new classes of molecules in vitro and in vivo. These molecules offer a unique opportunity to enhance our understanding of how WNT signaling agonism promotes tissue repair, enabling targeted development of tailored therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yorick Post
- Surrozen, Inc., 171 Oyster Point Blvd, Suite 400, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Chenggang Lu
- Surrozen, Inc., 171 Oyster Point Blvd, Suite 400, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Russell B. Fletcher
- Surrozen, Inc., 171 Oyster Point Blvd, Suite 400, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Wen-Chen Yeh
- Surrozen, Inc., 171 Oyster Point Blvd, Suite 400, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Huy Nguyen
- Surrozen, Inc., 171 Oyster Point Blvd, Suite 400, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Sung-Jin Lee
- Surrozen, Inc., 171 Oyster Point Blvd, Suite 400, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Yang Li
- Surrozen, Inc., 171 Oyster Point Blvd, Suite 400, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
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3
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Xu C, Zhao W, Peng L, Yin T, Guo J, Li Y, Liu L, Yang J, Xu C, Du M. PRDM14 extinction enables the initiation of trophoblast stem cell formation. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:208. [PMID: 38710919 PMCID: PMC11074026 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05237-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Trophoblast stem cells (TSCs) can be chemically converted from embryonic stem cells (ESCs) in vitro. Although several transcription factors (TFs) have been recognized as essential for TSC formation, it remains unclear how differentiation cues link elimination of stemness with the establishment of TSC identity. Here, we show that PRDM14, a critical pluripotent circuitry component, is reduced during the formation of TSCs. The reduction is further shown to be due to the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. The extinction of PRDM14 results in the erasure of H3K27me3 marks and chromatin opening in the gene loci of TSC TFs, including GATA3 and TFAP2C, which enables their expression and thus the initiation of the TSC formation process. Accordingly, PRDM14 reduction is proposed here as a critical event that couples elimination of stemness with the initiation of TSC formation. The present study provides novel insights into how induction signals initiate TSC formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunfang Xu
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Weijie Zhao
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Longgang District Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen City, Longgang Maternity Child Institute of Shantou University Medical College, Shenzhen, 518172, China
| | - Lijin Peng
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Tingxuan Yin
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jiani Guo
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University Shanghai, Shanghai, 200434, China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, 519020, SAR, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jinying Yang
- Longgang District Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen City, Longgang Maternity Child Institute of Shantou University Medical College, Shenzhen, 518172, China
| | - Congjian Xu
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Meirong Du
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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4
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Zhang S, Valenzuela LF, Zatulovskiy E, Mangiante L, Curtis C, Skotheim JM. The G1/S transition is promoted by Rb degradation via the E3 ligase UBR5. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.10.03.560768. [PMID: 37873473 PMCID: PMC10592979 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.03.560768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Mammalian cells make the decision to divide at the G1/S transition in response to diverse signals impinging on the retinoblastoma protein Rb, a cell cycle inhibitor and tumor suppressor. Rb is inhibited by two parallel pathways. In the canonical pathway, Cyclin D-Cdk4/6 kinase complexes phosphorylate and inactivate Rb. In the second, recently discovered pathway, Rb's concentration decreases during G1 to promote cells progressing through the G1/S transition. However, the mechanisms underlying this second pathway are unknown. Here, we found that Rb's concentration drop in G1 and recovery in S/G2 is controlled by phosphorylation-dependent protein degradation. In early G1 phase, un- and hypo-phosphorylated Rb is targeted by the E3 ligase UBR5. UBR5 knockout cells have higher Rb concentrations in early G1, exhibit a lower G1/S transition rate, and are more sensitive to Cdk4/6 inhibition. This last observation suggests that UBR5 inhibition can strengthen the efficacy of Cdk4/6 inhibitor-based cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyuan Zhang
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
| | | | | | | | | | - Jan M. Skotheim
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158
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5
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Grayck MR, McCarthy WC, Solar M, Golden E, Balasubramaniyan N, Zheng L, Sherlock LG, Wright CJ. GSK3β/NF-κB -dependent transcriptional regulation of homeostatic hepatocyte Tnf production. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2024; 326:G374-G384. [PMID: 38193163 PMCID: PMC11211040 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00229.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Maintenance of hepatocyte homeostasis plays an important role in mediating the pathogenesis of many diseases. A growing body of literature has established a critical role played by tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) in maintaining hepatocyte homeostasis; however, the transcriptional mechanisms underlying constitutive Tnf expression are unknown. Whole liver fractions and primary hepatocytes from adult control C57BL/6 mice and the murine hepatocyte cell line AML12 were assessed for constitutive Tnf expression. Impacts of glycogen synthase kinase-3 β (GSK3β) and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) inhibition on constitutive Tnf expression were assessed in AML12 cells. Finally, AML12 cell proliferation following GSK3β and NF-κB inhibition was evaluated. Constitutive Tnf gene expression is present in whole liver, primary hepatocytes, and cultured AML12 hepatocytes. Cytokine-induced Tnf gene expression is regulated by NF-κB activation. Pharmacological inhibition of GSK3β resulted in a time- and dose-dependent inhibition of Tnf gene expression. GSK3β inhibition decreased nuclear levels of the NF-κB subunits p65 and p50. We determined that NF-κB transcription factor subunit p65 binds to consensus sequence elements present in the murine TNFα promoter and inhibition of GSK3β decreases binding and subsequent Tnf expression. Finally, AML12 cell growth was significantly reduced following GSK3β and NF-κB inhibition. These results demonstrate that GSK3β and NF-κB are essential for mediating Tnf expression and constitutive hepatocyte cell growth. These findings add to a growing body of literature on TNFα mediated hepatocyte homeostasis and identify novel molecular mechanisms involved in mediating response to various disease states in the liver.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Maintenance of hepatocyte homeostasis plays an important role in controlling the pathogenesis of many diseases. Our findings add to a growing body of literature on tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα)-mediated hepatocyte homeostasis and identify novel molecular mechanisms involved in regulating this response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya R Grayck
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, United States
| | - William C McCarthy
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, United States
| | - Mack Solar
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, United States
| | - Emma Golden
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, United States
| | - Natarajan Balasubramaniyan
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, United States
| | - Lijun Zheng
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, United States
| | - Laura G Sherlock
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, United States
| | - Clyde J Wright
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, United States
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6
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Li W, Li D, Zhu X, Ye D, Yang Y, Wang H, Chen R, Liao Q. Light-manipulated binary droplet transport on a high-energy surface. LAB ON A CHIP 2023; 23:4287-4301. [PMID: 37682034 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00582h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Flexible and precise manipulation of droplet transport is of significance for scientific and engineering applications, but real-time and on-demand droplet manipulation remains a challenge. Herein, we report a strategy using light for the outstanding manipulation of binary droplet motion on a high-energy surface and reveal the underlying mechanism. Upon irradiation to a substrate by a focused light beam, the substrate can provide a localized heating source via photothermal conversion, and a binary droplet can be flexibly transported on a high-energy surface with free contact-line pinning, exhibiting light-propelled droplet transport. We theoretically showed that the surface tension gradient across the droplet interface resulting from the localized photothermal effect is responsible for actuating droplet transport. Remarkably, the high reconfigurability and flexibility of light allowed for binary droplet transport with dynamically tunable velocity and direction as well as arbitrary trajectory assisted by 2D channels on a high-energy surface. Complex droplet transportation, controllable droplet coalescence, and anti-gravity motion were realized. The promising applicability of this light-fueled droplet platform was also demonstrated by directional transport of biosample droplets containing DNA molecules and cells, as well as successional microreactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400030, China.
- Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Dongliang Li
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400030, China.
- Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Xun Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400030, China.
- Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Dingding Ye
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400030, China.
- Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400030, China.
- Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400030, China.
- Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Rong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400030, China.
- Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Qiang Liao
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400030, China.
- Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
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Akiyama S, Saku N, Miyata S, Ite K, Nonaka H, Toyoda M, Kamiya A, Kiyono T, Kimura T, Kasahara M, Umezawa A. Drug metabolic activity as a selection factor for pluripotent stem cell-derived hepatic progenitor cells. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2023; 199:155-178. [PMID: 37678970 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2023.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
As a metabolic organ, the liver plays a variety of roles, including detoxification. It has been difficult to obtain stable supplies of hepatocytes for transplantation and for accurate hepatotoxicity determination in drug discovery research. Human pluripotent stem cells, capable of unlimited self-renewal, may be a promising source of hepatocytes. In order to develop a stable supply of embryonic stem cell (ESC)-derived hepatocytes, we have purified human ESC-derived hepatic progenitor cells with exposure to cytocidal puromycin by using their ability to metabolize drugs. Hepatic progenitor cells stably proliferated at least 220-fold over 120 days, maintaining hepatic progenitor cell-like properties. High drug-metabolizing hepatic progenitor cells can be matured into liver cells by suppressing hepatic proliferative signals. The method we developed enables the isolation and proliferation of functional hepatic progenitors from human ESCs, thereby providing a stable supply of high-quality cell resources at high efficiency. Cells produced by this method may facilitate cell therapy for hepatic diseases and reliable drug discovery research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeko Akiyama
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Advanced Pediatric Medicine (National Center for Child Health and Development), Tohoku University School of Medicine, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Noriaki Saku
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoko Miyata
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenta Ite
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidenori Nonaka
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masashi Toyoda
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan; Research team for Aging Science (Vascular Medicine), Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihide Kamiya
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tohru Kiyono
- Project for Prevention of HPV-related Cancer, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tohru Kimura
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Department of BioSciences, Kitasato University School of Science, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Mureo Kasahara
- Department of Pathology, National Center for Child Health and Development Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihiro Umezawa
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.
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Pagella P, Söderholm S, Nordin A, Zambanini G, Ghezzi V, Jauregi-Miguel A, Cantù C. The time-resolved genomic impact of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Cell Syst 2023; 14:563-581.e7. [PMID: 37473729 DOI: 10.1016/j.cels.2023.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Wnt signaling orchestrates gene expression via its effector, β-catenin. However, it is unknown whether β-catenin binds its target genomic regions simultaneously and how this impacts chromatin dynamics to modulate cell behavior. Using a combination of time-resolved CUT&RUN against β-catenin, ATAC-seq, and perturbation assays in different cell types, we show that Wnt/β-catenin physical targets are tissue-specific, β-catenin "moves" on different loci over time, and its association to DNA accompanies changing chromatin accessibility landscapes that determine cell behavior. In particular, Wnt/β-catenin progressively shapes the chromatin of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) as they undergo mesodermal differentiation, a behavior that we define as "plastic." In HEK293T cells, on the other hand, Wnt/β-catenin drives a transient chromatin opening, followed by re-establishment of the pre-stimulation state, a response that we define as "elastic." Future experiments shall assess whether other cell communication mechanisms, in addition to Wnt signaling, are ruled by time, cellular idiosyncrasies, and chromatin constraints. A record of this paper's transparent peer review process is included in the supplemental information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierfrancesco Pagella
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Linköping University, 58185 Linköping, Sweden; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Division of Molecular Medicine and Virology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, 58185 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Simon Söderholm
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Linköping University, 58185 Linköping, Sweden; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Division of Molecular Medicine and Virology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, 58185 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Anna Nordin
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Linköping University, 58185 Linköping, Sweden; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Division of Molecular Medicine and Virology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, 58185 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Gianluca Zambanini
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Linköping University, 58185 Linköping, Sweden; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Division of Molecular Medicine and Virology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, 58185 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Valeria Ghezzi
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Linköping University, 58185 Linköping, Sweden; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Division of Molecular Medicine and Virology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, 58185 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Amaia Jauregi-Miguel
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Linköping University, 58185 Linköping, Sweden; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Division of Molecular Medicine and Virology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, 58185 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Claudio Cantù
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Linköping University, 58185 Linköping, Sweden; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Division of Molecular Medicine and Virology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, 58185 Linköping, Sweden.
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Wang Y, Zhang F, Yao B, Hou L, Li Z, Song W, Kong Y, Tan Y, Fu X, Huang S. Notch4 participates in mesenchymal stem cell-induced differentiation in 3D-printed matrix and is implicated in eccrine sweat gland morphogenesis. BURNS & TRAUMA 2023; 11:tkad032. [PMID: 37397510 PMCID: PMC10309082 DOI: 10.1093/burnst/tkad032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Background Eccrine sweat gland (SG) plays a crucial role in thermoregulation but exhibits very limited regenerative potential. Although SG lineage-restricted niches dominate SG morphogenesis and benefit SG regeneration, rebuilding niches in vivo is challenging for stem cell therapeutic applications. Hence, we attempted to screen and tune the critical niche-responding genes that dually respond to both biochemical and structural cues, which might be a promising strategy for SG regeneration. Methods An artificial SG lineage-restricted niche consisting of mouse plantar dermis homogenates (i.e. biochemical cues) and 3D architecture (i.e. structural cues) was built in vitro by using an extrusion-based 3D bioprinting approach. Mouse bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were then differentiated into the induced SG cells in the artificial SG lineage-restricted niche. To decouple biochemical cues from structural cues, the transcriptional changes aroused by pure biochemical cues, pure structural cues and synergistic effects of both cues were analyzed pairwise, respectively. Notably, only niche-dual-responding genes that are differentially expressed in response to both biochemical and structural cues and participate in switching MSC fates towards SG lineage were screened out. Validations in vitro and in vivo were respectively conducted by inhibiting or activating the candidate niche-dual-responding gene(s) to explore the consequent effects on SG differentiation. Results Notch4 is one of the niche-dual-responding genes that enhanced MSC stemness and promoted SG differentiation in 3D-printed matrix in vitro. Furthermore, inhibiting Notch4 specifically reduced keratin 19-positive epidermal stem cells and keratin 14-positive SG progenitor cells, thus further delaying embryonic SG morphogenesis in vivo. Conclusions Notch4 not only participates in mouse MSC-induced SG differentiation in vitro but is also implicated in mouse eccrine SG morphogenesis in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Linhao Hou
- Department of Orthopedics, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 4 Chongshan East Road, Shenyang, 110032, P. R. China
| | - Zhao Li
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fu Xing Road, Beijing, 100853, P. R. China
| | - Wei Song
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fu Xing Road, Beijing, 100853, P. R. China
| | - Yi Kong
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fu Xing Road, Beijing, 100853, P. R. China
| | - Yaxin Tan
- College of Graduate, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qi Xiang Tai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, P.R. China
| | | | - Sha Huang
- Correspondence. Xiaobing Fu, ; Sha Huang,
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10
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Asano N, Imatani A, Takeuchi A, Saito M, Jin XY, Hatta W, Uno K, Koike T, Masamune A. Role of T-box transcription factor 3 in gastric cancers. World J Gastrointest Pathophysiol 2023; 14:12-20. [PMID: 37035275 PMCID: PMC10074946 DOI: 10.4291/wjgp.v14.i2.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The expression of T-box transcription factor 3 (TBX3) has been identified in various cancers, including gastric cancers. Its role in breast cancers and melanomas has been intensively studied, and its contribution to the progression of cancers through suppressing senescence and promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition has been reported. Recent reports on the role of TBX3 in gastric cancers have implied its involvement in gastric carcinogenesis. Considering its pivotal role in the initiation and progression of cancers, TBX3 could be a promising therapeutic target for gastric cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Asano
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Akira Imatani
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Akio Takeuchi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Masashi Saito
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Xiao-Yi Jin
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Waku Hatta
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Kaname Uno
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Koike
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Atsushi Masamune
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
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Sarkar A, Jin Y, DeFelice BC, Logan CY, Yang Y, Anbarchian T, Wu P, Morri M, Neff NF, Nguyen H, Rulifson E, Fish M, Kaye AG, Martínez Jaimes AM, Nusse R. Intermittent fasting induces rapid hepatocyte proliferation to restore the hepatostat in the mouse liver. eLife 2023; 12:e82311. [PMID: 36719070 PMCID: PMC9889086 DOI: 10.7554/elife.82311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutrient availability fluctuates in most natural populations, forcing organisms to undergo periods of fasting and re-feeding. It is unknown how dietary changes influence liver homeostasis. Here, we show that a switch from ad libitum feeding to intermittent fasting (IF) promotes rapid hepatocyte proliferation. Mechanistically, IF-induced hepatocyte proliferation is driven by the combined action of systemic FGF15 and localized WNT signaling. Hepatocyte proliferation during periods of fasting and re-feeding re-establishes a constant liver-to-body mass ratio, thus maintaining the hepatostat. This study provides the first example of dietary influence on adult hepatocyte proliferation and challenges the widely held view that liver tissue is mostly quiescent unless chemically or mechanically injured.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abby Sarkar
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Developmental Biology, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, United States
| | - Yinhua Jin
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Developmental Biology, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, United States
| | | | - Catriona Y Logan
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Developmental Biology, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, United States
| | - Yan Yang
- Stanford Center for Genomics & Personalized Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, United States
| | - Teni Anbarchian
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Developmental Biology, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, United States
| | - Peng Wu
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Developmental Biology, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, United States
| | | | - Norma F Neff
- Chan-Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, United States
| | - Huy Nguyen
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, United States
| | - Eric Rulifson
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Developmental Biology, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, United States
| | - Matthew Fish
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Developmental Biology, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, United States
| | - Avi Gurion Kaye
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Developmental Biology, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, United States
| | - Azalia M Martínez Jaimes
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Developmental Biology, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, United States
| | - Roel Nusse
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Developmental Biology, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, United States
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12
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Zhang S, Zatulovskiy E, Arand J, Sage J, Skotheim JM. The cell cycle inhibitor RB is diluted in G1 and contributes to controlling cell size in the mouse liver. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:965595. [PMID: 36092730 PMCID: PMC9452963 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.965595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Every type of cell in an animal maintains a specific size, which likely contributes to its ability to perform its physiological functions. While some cell size control mechanisms are beginning to be elucidated through studies of cultured cells, it is unclear if and how such mechanisms control cell size in an animal. For example, it was recently shown that RB, the retinoblastoma protein, was diluted by cell growth in G1 to promote size-dependence of the G1/S transition. However, it remains unclear to what extent the RB-dilution mechanism controls cell size in an animal. We therefore examined the contribution of RB-dilution to cell size control in the mouse liver. Consistent with the RB-dilution model, genetic perturbations decreasing RB protein concentrations through inducible shRNA expression or through liver-specific Rb1 knockout reduced hepatocyte size, while perturbations increasing RB protein concentrations in an Fah -/- mouse model increased hepatocyte size. Moreover, RB concentration reflects cell size in G1 as it is lower in larger G1 hepatocytes. In contrast, concentrations of the cell cycle activators Cyclin D1 and E2f1 were relatively constant. Lastly, loss of Rb1 weakened cell size control, i.e., reduced the inverse correlation between how much cells grew in G1 and how large they were at birth. Taken together, our results show that an RB-dilution mechanism contributes to cell size control in the mouse liver by linking cell growth to the G1/S transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyuan Zhang
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | | | - Julia Arand
- Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Julien Sage
- Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Jan M. Skotheim
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States,Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, United States,*Correspondence: Jan M. Skotheim,
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