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Harada K, Sugimoto T, Kato F, Watanabe K, Matsumoto Y. Thickness dependent homogeneous crystallization of ultrathin amorphous solid water films. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:1963-1973. [PMID: 31939467 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp05981d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The crystallization mechanism and kinetics of amorphous materials are of paramount importance not only in basic science but also in the application field because they are closely related to their thermal stability. In the case of amorphous nanomaterials, thermal stability distinctively different from that of bulk materials often emerges. Despite intensive studies in the past, a thorough understanding of the stability at the molecular level has not been reached particularly on how crystallization processes depend on size and are influenced by their surface and interface. In this article, we report the film-size-dependent crystallization of thermally relaxed nonporous ASW ultrathin films on a Pt(111) surface as a benchmark system of amorphous molecular films. The crystallization processes at the surface and interior of the ASW ultrathin films are monitored simultaneously with thermal desorption and infrared reflection absorption, respectively, as a function of the film thickness. Here, we demonstrate that the crystallization is initiated solely by "homogeneous nucleation" irrespective of the film thickness while the crystallization rate remarkably depends on the thickness; the rate of 5-layer (∼1.5 nm) ASW films is one order of magnitude higher than that of 20-layer (∼6 nm) films. Moreover, we found a clear correlation between the film-thickness-dependent crystallization kinetics and microscopic structural disorder associated with the broad distribution of hydrogen-bond lengths between water molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuniaki Harada
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Toshiki Sugimoto
- Institute for Molecular Science, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan. and Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Fumiaki Kato
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan and Institute for Molecular Science, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan.
| | - Kazuya Watanabe
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Yoshiyasu Matsumoto
- Toyota Physical and Chemical Research Institute, Nagakute, Aichi 480-1192, Japan
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2
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Talewar SK, Halukeerthi SO, Riedlaicher R, Shephard JJ, Clout AE, Rosu-Finsen A, Williams GR, Langhoff A, Johannsmann D, Salzmann CG. Gaseous "nanoprobes" for detecting gas-trapping environments in macroscopic films of vapor-deposited amorphous ice. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:134505. [PMID: 31594355 DOI: 10.1063/1.5113505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Vapor-deposited amorphous ice, traditionally called amorphous solid water (ASW), is one of the most abundant materials in the universe and a prototypical material for studying physical vapor-deposition processes. Its complex nature arises from a strong tendency to form porous structures combined with complicated glass transition, relaxation, and desorption behavior. To gain further insights into the various gas-trapping environments that exist in ASW and hence its morphology, films in the 25-100 μm thickness range were codeposited with small amounts of gaseous "nanoprobes" including argon, methane, helium, and carbon dioxide. Upon heating in the 95-185 K temperature range, three distinct desorption processes are observed which we attribute to the gas desorption out of open cracks above 100 K, from internal voids that collapse due to the glass transition at ∼125 K and finally from fully matrix-isolated gas induced by the irreversible crystallization to stacking disordered ice (ice Isd) at ∼155 K. Nanoscale films of ASW have only displayed the latter desorption process which means that the first two desorption processes arise from the macroscopic dimensions of our ASW films. Baffling the flow of water vapor toward the deposition plate greatly reduces the first desorption feature, and hence the formation of cracks, but it significantly increases the amount of matrix-isolated gas. The complex nature in which ASW can trap gaseous species is thought to be relevant for a range of cosmological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukhpreet K Talewar
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Siriney O Halukeerthi
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Regina Riedlaicher
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Jacob J Shephard
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander E Clout
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander Rosu-Finsen
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Gareth R Williams
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
| | - Arne Langhoff
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Clausthal University of Technology, Arnold-Sommerfeld-Str. 4, Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany
| | - Diethelm Johannsmann
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Clausthal University of Technology, Arnold-Sommerfeld-Str. 4, Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany
| | - Christoph G Salzmann
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
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Cerveny S, Mallamace F, Swenson J, Vogel M, Xu L. Confined Water as Model of Supercooled Water. Chem Rev 2016; 116:7608-25. [PMID: 26940794 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Water in confined geometries has obvious relevance in biology, geology, and other areas where the material properties are strongly dependent on the amount and behavior of water in these types of materials. Another reason to restrict the size of water domains by different types of geometrical confinements has been the possibility to study the structural and dynamical behavior of water in the deeply supercooled regime (e.g., 150-230 K at ambient pressure), where bulk water immediately crystallizes to ice. In this paper we give a short review of studies with this particular goal. However, from these studies it is also clear that the interpretations of the experimental data are far from evident. Therefore, we present three main interpretations to explain the experimental data, and we discuss their advantages and disadvantages. Unfortunately, none of the proposed scenarios is able to predict all the observations for supercooled and glassy bulk water, indicating that either the structural and dynamical alterations of confined water are too severe to make predictions for bulk water or the differences in how the studied water has been prepared (applied cooling rate, resulting density of the water, etc.) are too large for direct and quantitative comparisons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvina Cerveny
- Centro de Física de Materiales (CFM CSIC/EHU) - Material Physics Centre (MPC) , Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain.,Donostia International Physics Center , Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Francesco Mallamace
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Messina , Vill. S. Agata, CP 55, I-98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Jan Swenson
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology , SE-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Michael Vogel
- Institut für Festkörperphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt , Hochschulstraße 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Limei Xu
- International Centre for Quantum Materials and School of Physics, Peking University , , Beijing 100871, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter , Beijing 100871, China
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Agapov AL, Kolesnikov AI, Novikov VN, Richert R, Sokolov AP. Quantum effects in the dynamics of deeply supercooled water. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2015; 91:022312. [PMID: 25768510 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.91.022312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2013] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Despite its simple chemical structure, water remains one of the most puzzling liquids with many anomalies at low temperatures. Combining neutron scattering and dielectric relaxation spectroscopy, we show that quantum fluctuations are not negligible in deeply supercooled water. Our dielectric measurements reveal the anomalously weak temperature dependence of structural relaxation in vapor-deposited water close to the glass transition temperature T(g)∼136K. We demonstrate that this anomalous behavior can be explained well by quantum effects. These results have significant implications for our understanding of water dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Agapov
- Department of Chemistry and Joint Institute for Neutron Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - A I Kolesnikov
- Chemical and Engineering Materials Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - V N Novikov
- Department of Chemistry and Joint Institute for Neutron Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - R Richert
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
| | - A P Sokolov
- Department of Chemistry and Joint Institute for Neutron Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
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Abstract
We present the discovery of an unusually large isotope effect in the structural relaxation and the glass transition temperature Tg of water. Dielectric relaxation spectroscopy of low-density as well as of vapor-deposited amorphous water reveal Tg differences of 10 ± 2 K between H2O and D2O, sharply contrasting with other hydrogen-bonded liquids for which H/D exchange increases Tg by typically less than 1 K. We show that the large isotope effect and the unusual variation of relaxation times in water at low temperatures can be explained in terms of quantum effects. Thus, our findings shed new light on water's peculiar low-temperature dynamics and the possible role of quantum effects in its structural relaxation, and possibly in dynamics of other low-molecular-weight liquids.
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Loerting T, Bauer M, Kohl I, Watschinger K, Winkel K, Mayer E. Cryoflotation: Densities of Amorphous and Crystalline Ices. J Phys Chem B 2011; 115:14167-75. [DOI: 10.1021/jp204752w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Katrin Watschinger
- Division of Biological Chemistry, Biocenter, Innsbruck Medical University, Fritz-Pregl-Strasse 3, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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Loerting T, Winkel K, Seidl M, Bauer M, Mitterdorfer C, Handle PH, Salzmann CG, Mayer E, Finney JL, Bowron DT. How many amorphous ices are there? Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:8783-94. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cp02600j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Mitterdorfer C, Bauer M, Loerting T. Clathrate hydrate formation after CO2–H2O vapour deposition. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:19765-72. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cp21856e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Leon-Gutierrez E, Sepúlveda A, Garcia G, Clavaguera-Mora MT, Rodríguez-Viejo J. Stability of thin film glasses of toluene and ethylbenzene formed by vapor deposition: an in situ nanocalorimetric study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2010; 12:14693-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cp00208a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Zubkov T, Smith RS, Engstrom TR, Kay BD. Adsorption, desorption, and diffusion of nitrogen in a model nanoporous material. II. Diffusion limited kinetics in amorphous solid water. J Chem Phys 2007; 127:184708. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2790433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Zubkov T, Smith RS, Engstrom TR, Kay BD. Adsorption, desorption, and diffusion of nitrogen in a model nanoporous material. I. Surface limited desorption kinetics in amorphous solid water. J Chem Phys 2007; 127:184707. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2790432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Cooper BH, Tombrello TA. Enhanced erosion of frozen H2O films by high energy19f ions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00337578408216464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Johari GP. Dielectric relaxation time of bulk water at 136–140K, background loss and crystallization effects. J Chem Phys 2005; 122:144508. [PMID: 15847546 DOI: 10.1063/1.1877212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Dielectric relaxation time, tau, of ultraviscous bulk water has been determined by analyzing its loss tangent, tan delta, data, which had been measured on heating the vapor-deposited amorphous solid water and hyperquenched glassy water in our earlier studies. [Johari, Hallbrucker, and Mayer, J. Chem. Phys. 95, 2955 (1991); 97, 5851 (1992)]. As for glasses and liquids generally, the measured tan delta of water is the sum of a frequency-independent background loss and a frequency-dependent relaxational loss. A two-frequency method is provided for determining the background loss and used for obtaining the relaxational part of tan delta. After considering the structural relaxation and crystal-nuclei growth effects, tau for water has been determined. At 136+/-1 K, it is 2.5+/-0.6 s when a single relaxation time is (untenably) assumed, and 42+/-14 s when a distribution of relaxation times, a characteristic of viscous liquids, is assumed, with Davidson-Cole distribution parameter of 0.75. Structural relaxation time of approximately 70 s for water at 136 K, which was originally estimated from the DSC endotherm [Johari, Hallbrucker, and Mayer, Nature (London) 330, 552 (1987)], has been revised to approximately 33 s. Temperature dependence of tau could not be determined because ultraviscous water crystallizes too rapidly to cubic ice containing stacking faults and intergranular water. The study demonstrates that water is a liquid over the 136-155 K range, thus removing the basis for a recent contention on its state.
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Affiliation(s)
- G P Johari
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L7, Canada.
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Hornekaer L, Baurichter A, Petrunin VV, Luntz AC, Kay BD, Al-Halabi A. Influence of surface morphology on D2 desorption kinetics from amorphous solid water. J Chem Phys 2005; 122:124701. [PMID: 15836403 DOI: 10.1063/1.1874934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The influence of surface morphology/porosity on the desorption kinetics of weakly bound species was investigated by depositing D2 on amorphous solid water (ASW) films grown by low temperature vapor deposition under various conditions and with differing thermal histories. A broad distribution of binding energies of the D2 monolayer on nonporous and porous ASW was measured experimentally and correlated by theoretical calculations to differences in the degree of coordination of the adsorbed H2 (D2) to H2O molecules in the ASW depending on the nature of the adsorption site, i.e., surface valleys vs surface peaks in a nanoscale rough film surface. For porous films, the effect of porosity on the desorption kinetics was observed to be a reduction in the desorption rate with film thickness and a change in peak shape. This can be partly explained by fast diffusion into the ASW pore structure via a simple one-dimensional diffusion model and by a change in binding energy statistics with increasing total effective surface area. Furthermore, the D2 desorption kinetics on thermally annealed ASW films were investigated. The main effect was seen to be a reduction in porosity and in the number of highly coordinated binding sites with anneal temperature due to ASW restructuring and pore collapse. These results contribute to the understanding of desorption from porous materials and to the development of correct models for desorption from and catalytic processes on dust grain surfaces in the interstellar medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Hornekaer
- Department of Physics, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark.
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Minoguchi A, Richert R, Angell CA. Dielectric studies deny existence of ultraviscous fragile water. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2004; 93:215703. [PMID: 15601032 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.93.215703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The glass transition, a relaxation phenomenon, sets the low temperature limit to the liquid state. Glassy water that forms only under extreme quenching conditions is unstable against crystallization. Opinions differ on whether the glass transition can be observed at all. Here we measure the dielectric tan(delta for easily glassforming waterlike aqueous solutions, H2O-H2O2 and H2O-N2H4, to characterize the behavior of such systems during passage through their glass transitions. All show unambiguous Tg values of 136-140 K, the value generally assigned to pure water. However, the behavior of epsilon''/epsilon' is quite different from that in amorphous water in the same temperature range. Our findings eliminate "ultraviscous fragile liquid" as a possible description of water between 136 K and crystallization, but leave "ultraviscous strong liquid" a possibility to be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayumi Minoguchi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1604, USA
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Abstract
After providing some background material to establish the interest content of this subject, we summarize the many different ways in which water can be prepared in the amorphous state, making clear that there seems to be more than one distinct amorphous state to be considered. We then give some space to structural and spectroscopic characterization of the distinct states, recognizing that whereas there seems to be unambiguously two distinct states, there may be in fact be more, the additional states mimicking the structures of the higher-density crystalline polymorphs. The low-frequency vibrational properties of the amorphous solid states are then examined in some detail because of the gathering evidence that glassy water, while difficult to form directly from the liquid like other glasses, may have some unusual and almost ideal glassy features, manifested by unusually low states of disorder. This notion is pursued in the following section dealing with thermodynamic and relaxational properties, where the uniquely low excess entropy of the vitreous state of water is confirmed by three different estimates. The fact that the most nearly ideal glass known has no properly established glass transition temperature is highlighted, using known dielectric loss data for amorphous solid water (ASW) and relevant molecular glasses. Finally, the polyamorphism of glassy water, and the kinetic aspects of transformation from one form to the other, are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Austen Angell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1604, USA.
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Fluckiger B, Rossi MJ. Common Precursor Mechanism for the Heterogeneous Reaction of D2O, HCl, HBr, and HOBr with Water Ice in the Range 170−230 K: Mass Accommodation Coefficients on Ice. J Phys Chem A 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jp021956u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Benoît Fluckiger
- Laboratoire de Pollution Atmosphérique et Sol (LPAS), Institut des Sciences et Technologies de l'Environnement (ISTE), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michel J. Rossi
- Laboratoire de Pollution Atmosphérique et Sol (LPAS), Institut des Sciences et Technologies de l'Environnement (ISTE), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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22
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Angell CA. Liquid fragility and the glass transition in water and aqueous solutions. Chem Rev 2002; 102:2627-50. [PMID: 12175262 DOI: 10.1021/cr000689q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 489] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C A Angell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1604, USA
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La Spisa S, Waldheim M, Lintemoot J, Thomas T, Naff J, Robinson M. Infrared and vapor flux studies of vapor-deposited amorphous and crystalline water ice films between 90 and 145 K. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2000je001305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Trakhtenberg S, Naaman R, Cohen SR, Benjamin I. Effect of the Substrate Morphology on the Structure of Adsorbed Ice. J Phys Chem B 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9702412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Trakhtenberg
- Department of Chemical Physics, and Chemical Services, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - R. Naaman
- Department of Chemical Physics, and Chemical Services, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - S. R. Cohen
- Department of Chemical Physics, and Chemical Services, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - I. Benjamin
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, California 95064
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Sack NJ, Baragiola RA. Sublimation of vapor-deposited water ice below 170 K, and its dependence on growth conditions. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1993; 48:9973-9978. [PMID: 10007269 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.48.9973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Buch V, Czerminski R. Eigenstates of a quantum‐mechanical particle on a topologically disordered surface: H(D) atom physisorbed on an amorphous ice cluster (H2O)115. J Chem Phys 1991. [DOI: 10.1063/1.461571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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27
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Zhang Q, Buch V. Computational study of formation dynamics and structure of amorphous ice condensates. J Chem Phys 1990. [DOI: 10.1063/1.458536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Zhang Q, Buch V. Condensation and structure of amorphous ices: A computational study. J Chem Phys 1990. [DOI: 10.1063/1.458113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Brüggeller P, Mayer E. Complete vitrification in pure liquid water and dilute aqueous solutions. Nature 1980. [DOI: 10.1038/288569a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 302] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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31
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Onsager L, Staebler DL, Mascarenhas S. Electrical effects during condensation and phase transitions of ice. J Chem Phys 1978. [DOI: 10.1063/1.436189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Narten AH, Venkatesh CG, Rice SA. Diffraction pattern and structure of amorphous solid water at 10 and 77 °K. J Chem Phys 1976. [DOI: 10.1063/1.432298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 275] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Venkatesh CG, Rice SA, Bates JB. A Raman spectral study of amorphous solid water. J Chem Phys 1975. [DOI: 10.1063/1.431447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Abstract
The structure factor of amorphous solid D(2)O deposited from the vapor at 10 degrees K has been obtained by measuring the neutron diffraction spectrum in the wave vector transfer from 0.8 to 12.3 reciprocal angstroms. The results indicate that the phase investigated is amorphous and has a liquiid-like structure factor. The Fourier-transformed structure e factor yields a real space pair distribution function consistent with local tetrahedral coordination and hydrogen bonding, as in other condensed phases of water. The intramolecular OD separation is 1.00 angstrom; the lack of data for very large wave vector transfer and the expected near equality of the intramolecular DD separation and intermolecular O . . . D separation make it impossible to determine the intramolecular DOD angle with precision. The neutron scattering data presented are complementary to the x-ray diffraction studies of Venkatesh, Rice, antd Narten.
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Abstract
Water vapor that condenses on a metal surface at 10 degrees K forms a noncrystalline phase of estimated density 1.2 grams per cubic centimeter. X-ray diffraction data of high precision and resolution have been analyzed to yield oxygen atom pair correlation functions. The positional correlation in amorphous solid water extends over only a few molecular radii, and the radial distribution of nearneighbor oxygen atoms in amorphous solid water is qualitatively different from that found in the low-pressure ice modifications. Amorphous solid water is a useful material for liquid water models because it can be studied under conditions such that the effects of static disorder and thermal excitation can be separated.
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