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Németh A, Mizsei E, Laczkó L, Czabán D, Hegyeli Z, Lengyel S, Csorba G, Sramkó G. Evolutionary history and systematics of European blind mole rats (Rodentia: Spalacidae: Nannospalax): Multilocus phylogeny and species delimitation in a puzzling group. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2024; 190:107958. [PMID: 37914032 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2023.107958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Species delimitation is a powerful approach to assist taxonomic decisions in challenging taxa where species boundaries are hard to establish. European taxa of the blind mole rats (genus Nannospalax) display small morphological differences and complex chromosomal evolution at a shallow evolutionary divergence level. Previous analyses led to the recognition of 25 'forms' in their distribution area. We provide a comprehensive framework to improve knowledge on the evolutionary history and revise the taxonomy of European blind mole rats based on samples from all but three of the 25 forms. We sequenced two nuclear-encoded genetic regions and the whole mitochondrial cytochrome b gene for phylogenetic tree reconstructions using concatenation and coalescence-based species-tree estimations. The phylogenetic analyses confirmed that Aegean N. insularis belongs to N. superspecies xanthodon, and that it represents the second known species of this superspecies in Europe. Mainland taxa reached Europe from Asia Minor in two colonisation events corresponding to two superspecies-level taxa: N. superspecies monticola (taxon established herewith) reached Europe c. 2.1 million years ago (Mya) and was followed by N. superspecies leucodon (re-defined herewith) c. 1.5 Mya. Species delimitation allowed the clarification of the taxonomic contents of the above superspecies. N. superspecies monticola contains three species geographically confined to the western periphery of the distribution of blind mole rats, whereas N. superspecies leucodon is more speciose with six species and several additional subspecies. The observed geographic pattern hints at a robust peripatric speciation process and rapid chromosomal evolution. The present treatment is thus regarded as the minimum taxonomic content of each lineage, which can be further refined based on other sources of information such as karyological traits, crossbreeding experiments, etc. The species delimitation models also allowed the recognition of a hitherto unnamed blind mole rat taxon from Albania, described here as a new subspecies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Attila Németh
- Department of Nature Conservation, Zoology and Game Management, University of Debrecen, Böszörményi u. 138, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; BirdLife Hungary - Hungarian Ornithological and Nature Conservation Society, Költő u. 21, H-1121 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Edvárd Mizsei
- Department of Ecology, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; DRI Conservation Ecology Research Group, Centre for Ecological Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Bem tér 18/C, H-4026 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Levente Laczkó
- Evolutionary Genomics Research Group, Department of Botany, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; HUN-REN-UD Conservation Biology Research Group, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | | | - Zsolt Hegyeli
- Milvus Group Bird and Nature Protection Association, Crinului St. 22, 540343 Târgu Mureş, Romania
| | - Szabolcs Lengyel
- DRI Conservation Ecology Research Group, Centre for Ecological Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Bem tér 18/C, H-4026 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Gábor Csorba
- Hungarian Natural History Museum, Baross u. 13, H-1088 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Gábor Sramkó
- Evolutionary Genomics Research Group, Department of Botany, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; HUN-REN-UD Conservation Biology Research Group, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
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2
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Bikchurina T, Pavlenko M, Kizilova E, Rubtsova D, Sheremetyeva I, Kartavtseva I, Torgasheva A, Borodin P. Chromosome Asynapsis Is the Main Cause of Male Sterility in the Interspecies Hybrids of East Asian Voles ( Alexandromys, Rodentia, Arvicolinae). Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14051022. [PMID: 37239382 DOI: 10.3390/genes14051022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Closely related mammalian species often have differences in chromosome number and morphology, but there is still a debate about how these differences relate to reproductive isolation. To study the role of chromosome rearrangements in speciation, we used the gray voles in the Alexandromys genus as a model. These voles have a high level of chromosome polymorphism and substantial karyotypic divergence. We investigated testis histology and meiotic chromosome behavior in the captive-bred colonies of Alexandromys maximowiczii, Alexandromys mujanensis, two chromosome races of Alexandromys evoronensis, and their interracial and interspecies hybrids, to explore the relationship between karyotypic differences and male hybrid sterility. We found that the seminiferous tubules of the males of the parental species and the interracial hybrids, which were simple heterozygotes for one or more chromosome rearrangements, contained germ cells at all stages of spermatogenesis, indicating their potential fertility. Their meiotic cells displayed orderly chromosome synapsis and recombination. In contrast, all interspecies male hybrids, which were complex heterozygotes for a series of chromosome rearrangements, showed signs of complete sterility. Their spermatogenesis was mainly arrested at the zygotene- or pachytene-like stages due to the formation of complex multivalent chains, which caused extended chromosome asynapsis. The asynapsis led to the silencing of unsynapsed chromatin. We suggest that chromosome asynapsis is the main cause of meiotic arrest and male sterility in the interspecies hybrids of East Asian voles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Bikchurina
- Department of Cytology and Genetics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Marina Pavlenko
- Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Elena Kizilova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Daria Rubtsova
- Department of Cytology and Genetics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Irina Sheremetyeva
- Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Irina Kartavtseva
- Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Anna Torgasheva
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Pavel Borodin
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
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Geomorphometric differences in shape and size of the cranium and mandible among three cytotypes of Nannospalax nehringi (Satunin, 1898) (Rodentia: Spalacidae) from East Anatolia. ZOOL ANZ 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2022.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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4
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Thompson AW, Hawkins MB, Parey E, Wcisel DJ, Ota T, Kawasaki K, Funk E, Losilla M, Fitch OE, Pan Q, Feron R, Louis A, Montfort J, Milhes M, Racicot BL, Childs KL, Fontenot Q, Ferrara A, David SR, McCune AR, Dornburg A, Yoder JA, Guiguen Y, Roest Crollius H, Berthelot C, Harris MP, Braasch I. The bowfin genome illuminates the developmental evolution of ray-finned fishes. Nat Genet 2021; 53:1373-1384. [PMID: 34462605 PMCID: PMC8423624 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-021-00914-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The bowfin (Amia calva) is a ray-finned fish that possesses a unique suite of ancestral and derived phenotypes, which are key to understanding vertebrate evolution. The phylogenetic position of bowfin as a representative of neopterygian fishes, its archetypical body plan and its unduplicated and slowly evolving genome make bowfin a central species for the genomic exploration of ray-finned fishes. Here we present a chromosome-level genome assembly for bowfin that enables gene-order analyses, settling long-debated neopterygian phylogenetic relationships. We examine chromatin accessibility and gene expression through bowfin development to investigate the evolution of immune, scale, respiratory and fin skeletal systems and identify hundreds of gene-regulatory loci conserved across vertebrates. These resources connect developmental evolution among bony fishes, further highlighting the bowfin's importance for illuminating vertebrate biology and diversity in the genomic era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew W Thompson
- Department of Integrative Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Ecology, Evolution & Behavior Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - M Brent Hawkins
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Orthopedic Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Elise Parey
- Institut de Biologie de l'ENS (IBENS), Département de Biologie, École Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, Paris, France
| | - Dustin J Wcisel
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, NC State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Tatsuya Ota
- Department of Evolutionary Studies of Biosystems, SOKENDAI (the Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Hayama, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Kawasaki
- Department of Anthropology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Emily Funk
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Animal Science Department, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Mauricio Losilla
- Department of Integrative Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Ecology, Evolution & Behavior Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Olivia E Fitch
- Department of Integrative Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Ecology, Evolution & Behavior Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Qiaowei Pan
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Romain Feron
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alexandra Louis
- Institut de Biologie de l'ENS (IBENS), Département de Biologie, École Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, Paris, France
| | | | - Marine Milhes
- GeT-PlaGe, INRAE, Genotoul, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Brett L Racicot
- Department of Integrative Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Kevin L Childs
- Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Quenton Fontenot
- Department of Biological Sciences, Nicholls State University, Thibodaux, LA, USA
| | - Allyse Ferrara
- Department of Biological Sciences, Nicholls State University, Thibodaux, LA, USA
| | - Solomon R David
- Department of Biological Sciences, Nicholls State University, Thibodaux, LA, USA
| | - Amy R McCune
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Alex Dornburg
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Yoder
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, NC State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
- Comparative Medicine Institute, NC State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, NC State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | | | - Hugues Roest Crollius
- Institut de Biologie de l'ENS (IBENS), Département de Biologie, École Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, Paris, France
| | - Camille Berthelot
- Institut de Biologie de l'ENS (IBENS), Département de Biologie, École Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, Paris, France
| | - Matthew P Harris
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Orthopedic Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ingo Braasch
- Department of Integrative Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
- Ecology, Evolution & Behavior Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
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İKİNCİ KELEŞ A, BİTERGE SÜT B, KANKILIÇ T. Histopathological Analysis of The Eye And Optic Nerve Structure In The Blind Mole Rat. DICLE MEDICAL JOURNAL 2020. [DOI: 10.5798/dicletip.800025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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6
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Feijó A, Ge D, Wen Z, Xia L, Yang Q. Divergent adaptations in resource‐use traits explain how pikas thrive on the roof of the world. Funct Ecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anderson Feijó
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Deyan Ge
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Zhixin Wen
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Lin Xia
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Qisen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
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7
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Visser JH, Bennett NC, Jansen van Vuuren B. Phylogeny and biogeography of the African Bathyergidae: a review of patterns and processes. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7730. [PMID: 31637115 PMCID: PMC6798870 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We review genealogical relationships, biogeographic patterns and broad historical drivers of speciation within the Bathyergidae, a group of endemic African rodents, as well as identify key taxa which need further research. Methods We sourced comparable cytochrome b sequence data (comparable data available for all members for the Family) and geographic information for all six genera of the African subterranean rodent. This information was combined into the most comprehensive and geographically representative evolutionary study for the Bathyergidae to date. Results Species richness within the Bathyergidae appears to be underestimated, with undescribed taxa in five of the six genera. Biogeographic patterns suggest large historical distributions, which were repeatedly fragmented by major landscape changes (especially rifting, uplift and drainage evolution) since the Miocene. Aside from vicariant events, other factors (ecological specialization, population-level responses and climatic change) may have been instrumental in driving divergences in the Bathyergidae. As such, adaptive differences may exist among both populations and species across their discrete ranges, driving independent evolutionary trajectories among taxa. In addition, highly fragmented distributions of divergent (and often relict) lineages indicates the possibility of narrow endemics restricted to diminishing suitable habitats. From this, it is clear that a systematic revision of the Bathyergidae is necessary; such a revision should include comprehensive sampling of all putative taxa, the addition of genomic information to assess adaptive differences, as well as ecological information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacobus H Visser
- Centre for Ecological Genomics and Wildlife Conservation, Department of Zoology, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, Gauteng Province, South Africa
| | - Nigel C Bennett
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, Gauteng Province, South Africa
| | - Bettine Jansen van Vuuren
- Centre for Ecological Genomics and Wildlife Conservation, Department of Zoology, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, Gauteng Province, South Africa
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8
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Matur F, Yanchukov A, Çolak F, Sözen M. Two major clades of blind mole rats (Nannospalax sp.) revealed by mtDNA and microsatellite genotyping in Western and Central Turkey. Mamm Biol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mambio.2018.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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9
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Using ISSR markers in determination of genetic relationship between 2n = 54 and 2n = 60 cytotypes of Nannospalax xanthodon (Nordmann, 1840) (Mammalia, Rodentia) from Central Anatolia. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF THERIOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.15298/rusjtheriol.17.2.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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10
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Yiğit N, Çetintürk D, Çolak E. Phylogenetic assessment of voles of the Guentheri Group (Mammalia: Microtus) in Turkish Thrace and Western Anatolia. THE EUROPEAN ZOOLOGICAL JOURNAL 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/24750263.2017.1317041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- N. Yiğit
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Ankara , Beşevler, Turkey
| | - D. Çetintürk
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Ankara , Beşevler, Turkey
| | - E. Çolak
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Ankara , Beşevler, Turkey
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11
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Sándor AD. Underground life is still safest: comments on ‘Danger underground and in the open - predation on blind mole rats (Rodentia, Spalacinae) revisited’. Mamm Rev 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/mam.12089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Attila D. Sándor
- Department of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases; University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca; Calea Mănăştur 3-5 RO-400372 Cluj Romania
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12
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Arslan A, Kryštufek B, Matur F, Zima J. Review of chromosome races in blind mole rats (SpalaxandNannospalax). FOLIA ZOOLOGICA 2016. [DOI: 10.25225/fozo.v65.i4.a1.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Atilla Arslan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Selçuk University, 42031 Konya, Turkey
| | - Boris Kryštufek
- Slovenian Museum of Natural History, Prešernova 20, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ferhat Matur
- Dokuz Eylül University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Buca, 35370 İzmir, Turkey
| | - Jan Zima
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Květná 8, 603 65 Brno, Czech Republic
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13
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Tigano A, Friesen VL. Genomics of local adaptation with gene flow. Mol Ecol 2016; 25:2144-64. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.13606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 241] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Revised: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Tigano
- Department of Biology; Queen's University; Kingston ON K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - Vicki L. Friesen
- Department of Biology; Queen's University; Kingston ON K7L 3N6 Canada
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14
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Sözen M, Çolak F, Sevındık M, Matur F. Two new cytotypes and additional karyological records for blind mole rats,Nannospalax xanthodonandN. ehrenbergi(Mammalia, Rodentia) in Turkey. FOLIA ZOOLOGICA 2015. [DOI: 10.25225/fozo.v64.i2.a10.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Sözen
- Bülent Ecevit University, Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Biology, 67100 Zonguldak, Turkey;, , ,
| | - Faruk Çolak
- Bülent Ecevit University, Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Biology, 67100 Zonguldak, Turkey;, , ,
| | - Murat Sevındık
- Bülent Ecevit University, Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Biology, 67100 Zonguldak, Turkey;, , ,
| | - Ferhat Matur
- Bülent Ecevit University, Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Biology, 67100 Zonguldak, Turkey;, , ,
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Lövy M, Šklíba J, Hrouzková E, Dvořáková V, Nevo E, Šumbera R. Habitat and Burrow System Characteristics of the Blind Mole Rat Spalax galili in an Area of Supposed Sympatric Speciation. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0133157. [PMID: 26192762 PMCID: PMC4508111 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0133157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A costly search for food in subterranean rodents resulted in various adaptations improving their foraging success under given ecological conditions. In Spalax ehrenbergi superspecies, adaptations to local ecological conditions can promote speciation, which was recently supposed to occur even in sympatry at sites where two soil types of contrasting characteristics abut each other. Quantitative description of ecological conditions in such a site has been, nevertheless, missing. We measured characteristics of food supply and soil within 16 home ranges of blind mole rats Spalax galili in an area subdivided into two parts formed by basaltic soil and pale rendzina. We also mapped nine complete mole rat burrow systems to compare burrowing patterns between the soil types. Basaltic soil had a higher food supply and was harder than rendzina even under higher moisture content and lower bulk density. Population density of mole rats was five-times lower in rendzina, possibly due to the lower food supply and higher cover of Sarcopoterium shrubs which seem to be avoided by mole rats. A combination of food supply and soil parameters probably influences burrowing patterns resulting in shorter and more complex burrow systems in basaltic soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matěj Lövy
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- * E-mail:
| | - Jan Šklíba
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Ema Hrouzková
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Dvořáková
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Eviatar Nevo
- Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Radim Šumbera
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
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16
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Arslan A, Zima J. Karyotypes of the mammals of Turkey and neighbouring regions: a review. FOLIA ZOOLOGICA 2014. [DOI: 10.25225/fozo.v63.i1.a1.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Atilla Arslan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Selçuk University, 42031 Konya, Turkey
| | - Jan Zima
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Květná 8, 603 65 Brno, Czech Republic
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17
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İlgun R, Yoldas A, Kuru N, Özkan ZE. Macroscopic Anatomy of the Lower Respiratory System in Mole rats (Spalax leucodon). Anat Histol Embryol 2014; 43:474-81. [DOI: 10.1111/ahe.12098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2013] [Accepted: 11/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. İlgun
- Department of Anatomy; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Cumhuriyet University; Sivas 58140 Turkey
| | - A. Yoldas
- Veterinary Research Institute; Adana Turkey
| | - N. Kuru
- Department of Biology; Faculty of Education; Cumhuriyet University; Sivas Turkey
| | - Z. E. Özkan
- Department of Anatomy; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Fırat University; Elazığ Turkey
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Singaravelan N, Raz S, Tzur S, Belifante S, Pavlicek T, Beiles A, Ito S, Wakamatsu K, Nevo E. Adaptation of pelage color and pigment variations in Israeli subterranean blind mole rats, Spalax ehrenbergi [corrected]. PLoS One 2013; 8:e69346. [PMID: 23935991 PMCID: PMC3723903 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0069346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2013] [Accepted: 06/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Concealing coloration in rodents is well established. However, only a few studies examined how soil color, pelage color, hair-melanin content, and genetics (i.e., the causal chain) synergize to configure it. This study investigates the causal chain of dorsal coloration in Israeli subterranean blind mole rats, Spalax ehrenbergi. Methods We examined pelage coloration of 128 adult animals from 11 populations belonging to four species of Spalax ehrenbergi superspecies (Spalax galili, Spalax golani, Spalax carmeli, and Spalax judaei) and the corresponding coloration of soil samples from the collection sites using a digital colorimeter. Additionally, we quantified hair-melanin contents of 67 animals using HPLC and sequenced the MC1R gene in 68 individuals from all four mole rat species. Results Due to high variability of soil colors, the correlation between soil and pelage color coordinates was weak and significant only between soil hue and pelage lightness. Multiple stepwise forward regression revealed that soil lightness was significantly associated with all pelage color variables. Pelage color lightness among the four species increased with the higher southward aridity in accordance to Gloger's rule (darker in humid habitats and lighter in arid habitats). Darker and lighter pelage colors are associated with darker basalt and terra rossa, and lighter rendzina soils, respectively. Despite soil lightness varying significantly, pelage lightness and eumelanin converged among populations living in similar soil types. Partial sequencing of the MC1R gene identified three allelic variants, two of which were predominant in northern species (S. galili and S. golani), and the third was exclusive to southern species (S. carmeli and S. judaei), which might have caused the differences found in pheomelanin/eumelanin ratio. Conclusion/Significance Darker dorsal pelage in darker basalt and terra rossa soils in the north and lighter pelage in rendzina and loess soils in the south reflect the combined results of crypsis and thermoregulatory function following Gloger's rule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natarajan Singaravelan
- Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Haifa, Israel
- Bommanampalayam, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
- * E-mail:
| | - Shmuel Raz
- Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Haifa, Israel
| | - Shay Tzur
- Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Haifa, Israel
| | - Shirli Belifante
- Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Haifa, Israel
| | - Tomas Pavlicek
- Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Haifa, Israel
| | - Avigdor Beiles
- Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Haifa, Israel
| | - Shosuke Ito
- Department of Chemistry, Fujita Health University School of Health Sciences Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Wakamatsu
- Department of Chemistry, Fujita Health University School of Health Sciences Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Eviatar Nevo
- Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Haifa, Israel
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Arslan A, Zima J. The banded karyotype of the 2n = 58 chromosomal race of mole rats from Erzincan, Turkey. FOLIA ZOOLOGICA 2013. [DOI: 10.25225/fozo.v62.i1.a3.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Atilla Arslan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Selçuk University, 42031 Konya, Turkey
| | - Jan Zima
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Květná 8, 603 65 Brno, Czech Republic
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20
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Possible incipient sympatric ecological speciation in blind mole rats (Spalax). Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:2587-92. [PMID: 23359700 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1222588110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Sympatric speciation has been controversial since it was first proposed as a mode of speciation. Subterranean blind mole rats (Spalacidae) are considered to speciate allopatrically or peripatrically. Here, we report a possible incipient sympatric adaptive ecological speciation in Spalax galili (2n = 52). The study microsite (0.04 km(2)) is sharply subdivided geologically, edaphically, and ecologically into abutting barrier-free ecologies divergent in rock, soil, and vegetation types. The Pleistocene Alma basalt abuts the Cretaceous Senonian Kerem Ben Zimra chalk. Only 28% of 112 plant species were shared between the soils. We examined mitochondrial DNA in the control region and ATP6 in 28 mole rats from basalt and in 14 from chalk habitats. We also sequenced the complete mtDNA (16,423 bp) of four animals, two from each soil type. Remarkably, the frequency of all major haplotype clusters (HC) was highly soil-biased. HCI and HCII are chalk biased. HC-III was abundant in basalt (36%) but absent in chalk; HC-IV was prevalent in basalt (46.5%) but was low (20%) in chalk. Up to 40% of the mtDNA diversity was edaphically dependent, suggesting constrained gene flow. We identified a homologous recombinant mtDNA in the basalt/chalk studied area. Phenotypically significant divergences differentiate the two populations, inhabiting different soils, in adaptive oxygen consumption and in the amount of outside-nest activity. This identification of a possible incipient sympatric adaptive ecological speciation caused by natural selection indirectly refutes the allopatric alternative. Sympatric ecological speciation may be more prevalent in nature because of abundant and sharply abutting divergent ecologies.
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Nevo E. Stress, adaptation, and speciation in the evolution of the blind mole rat, Spalax, in Israel. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2012; 66:515-25. [PMID: 23032572 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2012.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2012] [Revised: 09/06/2012] [Accepted: 09/10/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Environmental stress played a major role in the evolution of the blind mole rat superspecies Spalax ehrenbergi, affecting its adaptive evolution and ecological speciation underground. Spalax is safeguarded all of its life underground from aboveground climatic fluctuations and predators. However, it encounters multiple stresses in its underground burrows including darkness, energetics, hypoxia, hypercapnia, food scarcity, and pathogenicity. Consequently, it evolved adaptive genomic, proteomic, and phenomic complexes to cope with those stresses. Here I describe some of these adaptive complexes, and their theoretical and applied perspectives. Spalax mosaic molecular and organismal evolution involves reductions or regressions coupled with expansions or progressions caused by evolutionary tinkering and natural genetic engineering. Speciation of Spalax in Israel occurred in the Pleistocene, during the last 2.00-2.35 Mya, generating four species associated intimately with four climatic regimes with increasing aridity stress southwards and eastwards representing an ecological speciational adaptive trend: (Spalax golani, 2n=54→S. galili, 2n=52→S. carmeli, 2n=58→S. judaei, 2n=60). Darwinian ecological speciation occurred gradually with relatively little genetic change by Robertsonian chromosomal and genic mutations. Spalax genome sequencing has just been completed. It involves multiple adaptive complexes to life underground and is an evolutionary model to a few hundred underground mammals. It involves great promise in the future for medicine, space flight, and deep-sea diving.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eviatar Nevo
- Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, Mt. Carmel, Haifa 31905, Israel.
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22
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Kandemİr İ, Sözen M, Matur F, Kankılıç T, Martínková N, Çolak F, Özkurt SÖ, Çolak E. Phylogeny of species and cytotypes of mole rats (Spalacidae) in Turkey inferred from mitochondrial cytochromebgene sequences. FOLIA ZOOLOGICA 2012. [DOI: 10.25225/fozo.v61.i1.a5.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- İrfan Kandemİr
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ankara University, 06100-Tandoğan, Ankara, Turkey;,
| | - Mustafa Sözen
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Zonguldak Karaelmas University, 67100-Zonguldak, Turkey;, ,
| | - Ferhat Matur
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Zonguldak Karaelmas University, 67100-Zonguldak, Turkey;, ,
| | - Teoman Kankılıç
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Nigde University, Niğde, Turkey
| | - Natália Martínková
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Květná 8, 603 65 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Faruk Çolak
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Zonguldak Karaelmas University, 67100-Zonguldak, Turkey;, ,
| | - Sakir Ö. Özkurt
- Department of Biology Education, Faculty of Education, Ahi Evran University, Kırşehir, Turkey
| | - Ercument Çolak
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ankara University, 06100-Tandoğan, Ankara, Turkey;,
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KRYŠTUFEK BORIS, IVANITSKAYA ELENA, ARSLAN ATILLA, ARSLAN EMINE, BUŽAN ELENAV. Evolutionary history of mole rats (genus Nannospalax) inferred from mitochondrial cytochrome b sequence. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2011.01795.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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24
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Characterization of paternity relationships in the mole rat Spalax ehrenbergi by microsatellite genotyping. POPUL ECOL 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10144-011-0264-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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25
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Arslan A, Akan Ş, Zima J. Variation in C-heterochromatin and NOR distribution among chromosomal races of mole rats (Spalacidae) from Central Anatolia, Turkey. Mamm Biol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mambio.2010.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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26
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FORNEL RODRIGO, CORDEIRO-ESTRELA PEDRO, DE FREITAS THALESRENATOO. Skull shape and size variation in Ctenomys minutus (Rodentia: Ctenomyidae) in geographical, chromosomal polymorphism, and environmental contexts. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2010.01496.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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27
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Coşkun Y, Németh A, Csorba G. Ceyhanus is an available name for a distinct form of Nannospalax (superspecies ehrenbergi) (Rodentia: Spalacinae). Mamm Biol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mambio.2009.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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28
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Ivanitskaya E, Coskun Y, Nevo E. Banded karyotypes of mole rats (Spalax, Spalacidae, Rodentia) from Turkey: a comparative analysis. J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0469.1997.tb00421.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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29
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Karyotypic and molecular polymorphisms in Ctenomys torquatus (Rodentia: Ctenomyidae): taxonomic considerations. Genetica 2009; 136:449-59. [PMID: 19118406 DOI: 10.1007/s10709-008-9345-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2008] [Accepted: 12/11/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The rodent genus Ctenomys (tuco-tucos) comprises more than 60 described species, and shows extraordinary inter- and intraspecific karyotypic variation. The most widely distributed species of Ctenomys in Brazil is C. torquatus. Although several cytogenetic studies have been done, the karyotypic variability of this species is still poorly known. In this paper we report two new diploid numbers for C. torquatus: 2n = 40 and 2n = 42, both showing AN = 72. The new distribution limits of C. torquatus here reported include localities in the southern, central and western parts of Rio Grande do Sul (RS) State in southern Brazil. The phylogenetic relationship between C. torquatus from Alegrete, RS, and Ctenomys sp. from Corrientes, Argentina, is described by means of mtDNA cytochrome b analysis. Although both entities share similar karyotypes and sperm morphology, these two species are not phylogenetically close.
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Deuve JL, Bennett NC, Britton-Davidian J, Robinson TJ. Chromosomal phylogeny and evolution of the African mole-rats (Bathyergidae). Chromosome Res 2008; 16:57-74. [PMID: 18293105 DOI: 10.1007/s10577-007-1200-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The subterranean African mole-rats (Family Bathyergidae) show considerable variation in their diploid numbers, but there is limited understanding of the events that shaped the extant karyotypes. Here we investigate chromosomal evolution in specimens representative of six genera and an outgroup species, the cane rat Thryonomys swinderianus, using flow-sorted painting probes isolated from the naked mole-rat, Heterocephalus glaber (2n = 60). A chromosomal phylogeny based on the cladistic analysis of adjacent syntenies detected by cross-species chromosome painting was not consistent with that obtained using DNA sequences due, in large part, to the conserved nature of the Bathyergus, Georychus and Cryptomys karyotypes. In marked contrast, the Fukomys and Heliophobius species showed extensive chromosome reshuffling, permitting their analysis by a computational approach that has conventionally been employed in comparative genomic studies for retrieving phylogenetic information based on DNA sequence or gene order data. Using the multiple genome rearrangements (MGR) algorithm and chromosomal rearrangement data detected among F. damarensis, F. darlingi, F. mechowi and the sister taxa B. janetta and Heliophobius argenteocinereus, cytogenetic support for the monophyly of Fukomys and a sister association for F. darlingi + F. damarensis was retrieved, mirroring the published sequence-based topology. We show that F. damarensis, a lineage adapted to arid and climatically unpredictable environments in Southern Africa, is characterized by a large number of fissions the fixation of which has probably been favoured by environmental factors and/or its particular eusocial structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Deuve
- Department of Botany and Zoology, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, Matieland, 7602, South Africa
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31
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NEVO EVIATAR, IVANITSKAYA ELENA, FILIPPUCCI MARIAGRACIA, BEILES AVIGDOR. Speciation and adaptive radiation of subterranean mole rats, Spalax ehrenbergi superspecies, in Jordan. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2000.tb01202.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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32
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Chromosomal evolution in tenrecs (Microgale and Oryzorictes, Tenrecidae) from the Central Highlands of Madagascar. Chromosome Res 2007; 15:1075-91. [DOI: 10.1007/s10577-007-1182-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2007] [Revised: 10/02/2007] [Accepted: 10/02/2007] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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33
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Auffray J, Renaud S, Alibert P, Nevo E. Developmental stability and adaptive radiation in theSpalax ehrenbergisuperspecies in the Near‐East. J Evol Biol 2007. [DOI: 10.1046/j.1420-9101.1999.00054.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J.‐C. Auffray
- Institut des Sciences de l’Evolution (UMR 5554 CNRS), CC064, Université Montpellier 2, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France,
| | - S. Renaud
- Institut des Sciences de l’Evolution (UMR 5554 CNRS), CC064, Université Montpellier 2, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France,
| | - P. Alibert
- Institut des Sciences de l’Evolution (UMR 5554 CNRS), CC064, Université Montpellier 2, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France,
| | - E. Nevo
- Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Haifa 31905, Israel
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34
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Coşkun Y, Ulutürk S, Yürümez G. Chromosomal diversity in mole-rats of the species Nannospalax ehrenbergi (Rodentia: Spalacidae) from South Anatolia, Turkey. Mamm Biol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mambio.2006.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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35
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PASCOE PL. Chromosomal polymorphism in the Atlantic dog-whelk, Nucella lapillus (Gastropoda: Muricidae): nomenclature, variation and biogeography. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2006. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2006.00567.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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36
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Villar S, Martínez-López W, Folle G, Novello A. Cytogenetic analysis of different Ctenomys (Rodentia, Octodontidae) species from Uruguay using G-banding. Mamm Biol 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mambio.2005.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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37
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YIGIT NURI, NEUMANN KARSTEN, OZKURT SAKIR, COLAK, ERCUMENT, COLAK REYHAN. BIOMETRIC AND GENETIC EVALUATION OF SPERMOPHILUS (MAMMALIA: RODENTIA) POPULATIONS IN WESTERN TURKEY. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1560/bq3n-h0f6-vaxh-mhuq] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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38
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KARANTH KPRAVEEN, AVIVI AARON, BEHARAV ALEX, NEVO EVIATAR. Microsatellite diversity in populations of blind subterranean mole rats (Spalax ehrenbergi superspecies) in Israel: speciation and adaptation. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2004. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2004.00384.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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39
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Zambelli A, Catanesi CI, Vidal-Rioja L. Autosomal rearrangements in Graomys griseoflavus (Rodentia): a model of non-random Robertsonian divergence. Hereditas 2004; 139:167-73. [PMID: 15061797 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5223.2003.01791.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The south American rodent Graomys griseoflavus exhibits a remarkable chromosome polymorphism as a consequence of four Robertsonian fusions. Focusing on the genetic analysis of the taxon, genome organization of all karyomorphs was studied at chromosome and molecular organization level. Cytogenetic (G, NOR and Re banding) and molecular (satellite and mitochondrial DNAs) events accompanying chromosome divergence allowed tracing a phylogenetic relationship among all karyomorphs. Available data led to propose that chromosome evolution of G. griseoflavus occurred in a non-random sequence of centric fusions, supporting the hypothesis of single origin for Robertsonian karyomorphs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Zambelli
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular (IMBICE), La Plata, Argentina.
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40
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Sözen M. A karyological study on subterranean mole rats of the Spalax leucodon Nordmann, 1840 superspecies in Turkey. Mamm Biol 2004. [DOI: 10.1078/1616-5047-00164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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41
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Zenuto RR, Vassallo AI, Busch C. A method for studying social and reproductive behaviour of subterranean rodents in captivity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03192425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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42
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Garagna S, Marziliano N, Zuccotti M, Searle JB, Capanna E, Redi CA. Pericentromeric organization at the fusion point of mouse Robertsonian translocation chromosomes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2001; 98:171-5. [PMID: 11136254 PMCID: PMC14563 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.98.1.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In mammals, Robertsonian (Rb) translocation (the joining of two telo/acrocentric chromosomes at their centromere to form a metacentric) is the most effective process in chromosomal evolution leading to speciation; its occurrence also affects human health (through the induction of trisomies) and the fertility of farm animals. To understand the mechanism of Rb translocation, we used the house mouse as a model system and studied the organization of pericentromeric satellite DNAs (satDNA) of telocentrics and Rb chromosomes, both minor and major satDNA. The chromosome-orientation fluorescence in situ hybridization (CO-FISH) technique was used to analyze the major satDNA. To detect the very small amount of minor satDNA, a procedure was developed that combines CO-FISH with primed in situ labeling and conventional FISH and is five times more sensitive than the CO-FISH procedure alone. It was found that both the major and the minor satDNA tandem repeats are oriented head-to-tail in telocentric and Rb chromosomes, and their polarity is always the same relative to the centromere. We suggest that all tandemly repetitive satDNAs in a species probably are locked into such a symmetry constraint as a universal consequence of chromosomal evolution. Rb translocation breakpoints were found localized within the minor satDNA of telocentrics, and these sequences contributed symmetrically to the formation of the centromeric region of the Rb chromosomes. These results are important for an understanding of the geometry of Rb translocations and suggest the study of DNA orientation as a new tool for investigating these rearrangements.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Garagna
- Dipartimento di Biologia Animale, Laboratorio di Biologia dello Sviluppo, Universita' degli Studi di Pavia, Piazza Botta 9, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
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43
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Lamborot M. A new derived and highly polymorphic chromosomal race of Liolaemus monticola (Iguanidae) from the 'Norte Chico' of Chile. Chromosome Res 1998; 6:247-54. [PMID: 9688513 DOI: 10.1023/a:1009267821416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A multiple Robertsonian fission chromosomal race of the Liolaemus monticola complex in Chile is described and is shown to be the most derived and the most complex among the Liolaemus examined thus far. The 29 karyotyped lizards analysed from the locality of Mina Hierro Viejo, Petorca, Provincia de Valparaiso, Chile, exhibited a diploid chromosomal number ranging from 42 to 44, and several polymorphisms. The polymorphisms included: a pair 1 fission; a pair 2 fission plus a pericentric inversion in one of the fission products, which moved the NOR and satellite from the tip of the long arm of the metacentric 2 to the short arm of the fission product; a fission in pair 3; a polymorphism for an enlarged chromosome pair 6; and a polymorphism for a pericentric inversion in pair 7. This population is fixed for a fission of chromosome pair 4. A total of 76% of the lizards analysed were polymorphic for one or more pairs of chromosomes. We have compared these data with other Liolaemus monticola chromosomal races and calculated the Hardy-Weinberg ratios for the polymorphic chromosome pairs in this Multiple-Fission race. Karyotypic differences between the Northern (2n = 38-40) and the Multiple-Fission (2n = 42-44) races were attributed mainly to Robertsonian fissions, an enlarged chromosome and pericentric inversions involving the macrochromosomes and one microchromosome pair.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Lamborot
- Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago.
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45
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Selection versus random drift: long-term polymorphism persistence in small populations (evidence and modelling). Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 1997; 352:381-389. [PMCID: PMC1691934 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.1997.0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Our data on a subterranean mammal, Spalax ehrenbergi , and other evidence, indicate that appreciable polymorphism can be preserved in small isolated populations consisting of several dozens of, or a hundred, individuals. Current theoretical models predict fast gene fixation in small panmictic populations without selection, mutation, or gene inflow. Using simple multilocus models, we demonstrate here that moderate stabilizing selection (with stable or fluctuating optimum) for traits controlled by additive genes could oppose random fixation in such isolates during thousands of generations. We also show that in selection-free models polymorphism persists only for a few hundred generations even under high mutation rates. Our multi-chromosome models challenge the hitchhiking hypothesis of polymorphism maintenance for many neutral loci due to close linkage with few selected loci.
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