Acridones: a chemically new group of protonophores

The history of photosynthetic thermoluminescence

A fundamental discovery of photosynthetis research in the 1950s was the detection of thermally stimulated light emission from preilluminated photosynthetic material [Arnold W and Sherwood H (1957) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 43: 105-114]. This phenomenon, called thermoluminescence (TL), is characteristic of a wide range of materials (minerals, semiconductors, inorganic and organic crystals, and complex biological systems), which share the ability of storing radiant energy in thermally stabilized trap states. The original discovery of TL in dried chloroplasts later proved to be a phenomenon common to all photosynthetic organisms: photosynthetic bacteria, cyanobacteria, algae and higher plants, which can be observed in isolated membrane particles, intact chloroplasts and unicellular organisms, and whole leaves. Following the initial observations considerable effort has been devoted to the identification and characterization of photosynthetic TL components. This work has firmly established the participation of various oxidation states of the water-oxidizing complex, the redox-active tyrosines, and the quinone electron acceptors of Photosystem II (PS II) in the generation of photosynthetic glow curves. Since TL characteristics are very sensitive to subtle changes in the redox properties of the involved electron transport components, the TL method has become a powerful tool in probing a wide range of PS II redox reactions and their modifications by environmental stress effects. Here, the main milestones of research in photosynthetic TL are covered until the present day.

Plant bioelectrochemistry: effects of CCCP on electrical signaling in soybean

Carbonyl cyanide 3-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP) induces fast action potentials and decreases the variation potential in soybean plants. The propagation speed of the action potentials in a soybean plant produced by CCCP reaches up to 25 m/s. The duration of single action potentials after treatment by CCCP is 0.6 ms. The addition of CCCP to soil reduces variation or streaming potential to zero. The mechanism by which CCCP decreases plant maturation most likely includes depolarization of the plasma membrane, retardation of photosynthetic water oxidation, and respiratory electron transfer.