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Sharma VK, Mahammed A, Mizrahi A, Morales M, Fridman N, Gray HB, Gross Z. Dimeric Corrole Analogs of Chlorophyll Special Pairs. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:9450-9460. [PMID: 34014656 PMCID: PMC8249354 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c02362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Chlorophyll special pairs in photosynthetic reaction centers function as both exciton acceptors and primary electron donors. Although the macrocyclic natural pigments contain Mg(II), the central metal in most synthetic analogs is Zn(II). Here we report that insertion of either Al(III) or Ga(III) into an imidazole-substituted corrole affords an exceptionally robust photoactive dimer. Notably, attractive electronic interactions between dimer subunits are relatively strong, as documented by signature changes in NMR and electronic absorption spectra, as well as by cyclic voltammetry, where two well-separated reversible redox couples were observed. EPR spectra of one-electron oxidized dimers closely mimic those of native special pairs, and strong through-space interactions between corrole subunits inferred from spectroscopic and electrochemical data are further supported by crystal structure analyses (3 Å interplanar distances, 5 Å lateral shifts, and 6 Å metal to metal distances).
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinay K. Sharma
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Atif Mahammed
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Amir Mizrahi
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
- Department of Chemistry, Nuclear Research Center Negev, Beer Sheva, 9001, Israel
| | - Maryann Morales
- Beckman Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Natalia Fridman
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Harry B. Gray
- Beckman Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Zeev Gross
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
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2
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Ramakrishna TRB, Mathesh M, Liu Z, Zhang C, Du A, Liu J, Barrow CJ, Chen M, Biggs MJ, Yang W. Solvent Effect on Supramolecular Self-Assembly of Chlorophylls a on Chemically Reduced Graphene Oxide. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:13575-13582. [PMID: 33085489 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c02370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Solvent plays an important role in the surface interaction of molecules. In this study, we use "chlorophyll a", an archetypical molecule, to investigate its supramolecular self-assembly with chemically reduced graphene oxide in three different types of solvents: polar protic, polar aprotic, and non-polar. It was observed that only a polar protic solvent that can donate protons facilitates the hydrogen bonding between chlorophyll a and chemically reduced graphene oxide nanosheets in a hybrid system. The formation of hydrogen bonds further initiates the other non-covalent interactions such as π-π stacking and hydrophobic interaction, which altogether play a key driving force for supramolecular self-assembly of chlorophylls on chemically reduced graphene oxides. The experimental results are strongly supported by density functional theory calculations, which show robust electron coupling between chlorophylls and chemically reduced graphene oxide.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Motilal Mathesh
- School of Life and Environmental Science, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia
| | - Zhen Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute for Graphene Applied Technology Innovation, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunmei Zhang
- Institute of Modern Physics, School of Physics, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, People's Republic of China
| | - Aijun Du
- Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia
| | - Jingquan Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute for Graphene Applied Technology Innovation, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Colin J Barrow
- School of Life and Environmental Science, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia
| | - Min Chen
- School of Biological Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Mark J Biggs
- Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, United Kingdom
| | - Wenrong Yang
- School of Life and Environmental Science, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia
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3
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Janik-Zabrotowicz E, Arczewska M, Zubik M, Terpilowski K, Skrzypek TH, Swietlicka I, Gagos M. Cremophor EL Nano-Emulsion Monomerizes Chlorophyll a in Water Medium. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9120881. [PMID: 31888249 PMCID: PMC6995590 DOI: 10.3390/biom9120881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, the application of a non-ionic detergent Cremophor EL for monomerization of chlorophyll a in an aqueous medium is studied. The spectrophotometric properties of chlorophyll a encapsulated into the Cremophor EL nano-emulsion system were characterized by electronic absorption, steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence as well as circular dichroism spectroscopy. The results have shown that chlorophyll a dissolves more efficiently in the aqueous medium containing low-level Cremophor (5 wt%) than at an ethanolic solution even in the concentration of 10−4 M. The molecular organization of the chlorophyll a in the Cremophor EL nano-micelles was also investigated by means of Raman spectroscopy. The spectral changes in the frequency of the C=O stretching group were used to distinguish the aggregation state of chlorophyll. It was revealed that chlorophyll a exists dominantly in the monomeric form in the Cremophor EL aqueous solution. The promising aspect of the use of Cremophor EL nano-emulsion as a delivery system is to maintain stable chlorophyll monomer in an aqueous medium. It would open the potential for a new, practical application of chlorophyll a in medicine, as a dietary supplement or studies on molecular organization of chlorophyll a in the well-defined artificial system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Janik-Zabrotowicz
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, ul. Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-81-537-5941; Fax: +48-81-537-5901
| | - Marta Arczewska
- Department of Biophysics, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20–950 Lublin, Poland; (M.A.); (I.S.)
| | - Monika Zubik
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Physics, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Radziszewskiego 10, 20–031 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Konrad Terpilowski
- Department of Physical Chemistry-Interfacial Phenomena, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Pl. Marii Curie-Sklodowskiej 3, 20–031 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Tomasz H. Skrzypek
- Laboratory of Confocal and Electron Microscopy, Department of Biotechnology and Environment Sciences Center for Interdisciplinary Research, John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, ul. Konstantynów 1J, 20–708 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Izabela Swietlicka
- Department of Biophysics, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20–950 Lublin, Poland; (M.A.); (I.S.)
| | - Mariusz Gagos
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, ul. Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland;
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Chojecki M, Rutkowska-Zbik D, Korona T. Dimerization Behavior of Methyl Chlorophyllide a as the Model of Chlorophyll a in the Presence of Water Molecules-Theoretical Study. J Chem Inf Model 2019; 59:2123-2140. [PMID: 30998013 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.8b00984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A dimerization of methyl chlorophyllide a molecules and a role of water in stabilization and properties of methyl chlorophyllide a dimers were studied by means of symmetry-adapted perturbation theory (SAPT), functional-group SAPT (F-SAPT), density-functional theory (DFT), and time-dependent DFT approaches. The quantification of various types of interactions, such as π-π stacking, coordinative, and hydrogen bonding by applying the F-SAPT energy decomposition scheme shows the major role of the magnesium atom and the pheophytin macrocycle in the stability of the complex. The examination of interaction energy components with respect to a mutual orientation of monomers and in the presence or absence of water molecules reveals that the dispersion energy is the main binding factor of the interaction, while water molecules tend to weaken the attraction between methyl chlorophyllide a species. The dimerization can be seen in computed UV-vis spectra, and results in a doubling of the lowest peaks, as compared to the monomer spectrum, and in an intensity rise of the lowest 1.8 and 2.4 eV peaks at a cost of the 3.5 eV peaks for the majority of dimer configurations. The complexation of water has little effect on the peaks' position; however, it affects the overall shape of simulated spectra through changes in peak intensities, which is strongly dependent on the structure of the complex. The VCD spectra for the dimers show several characteristic features attributed to the interaction of substituting groups and/or water ligand attached to macrocycle groups belonging to different monomers. VCD is sensitive to the type of the formed dimer, but not to the number of water molecules it contains. This and several other features, as well as the differential UV-vis spectra, may serve as the indicator of the presence of a given dimer structure in the experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Chojecki
- Faculty of Chemistry , University of Warsaw , ul. Pasteura 1 , 02-093 Warsaw , Poland
| | - Dorota Rutkowska-Zbik
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry , Polish Academy of Sciences , ul. Niezapominajek 8 , 30-239 Cracow , Poland
| | - Tatiana Korona
- Faculty of Chemistry , University of Warsaw , ul. Pasteura 1 , 02-093 Warsaw , Poland
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Sipka G, Müller P, Brettel K, Magyar M, Kovács L, Zhu Q, Xiao Y, Han G, Lambrev PH, Shen JR, Garab G. Redox transients of P680 associated with the incremental chlorophyll-a fluorescence yield rises elicited by a series of saturating flashes in diuron-treated photosystem II core complex of Thermosynechococcus vulcanus. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2019; 166:22-32. [PMID: 30790299 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Recent chlorophyll-a fluorescence yield measurements, using single-turnover saturating flashes (STSFs), have revealed the involvement of a rate-limiting step in the reactions following the charge separation induced by the first flash. As also shown here, in diuron-inhibited PSII core complexes isolated from Thermosynechococcus vulcanus the fluorescence maximum could only be reached by a train of STSFs. In order to elucidate the origin of the fluorescence yield increments in STSF series, we performed transient absorption measurements at 819 nm, reflecting the photooxidation and re-reduction kinetics of the primary electron donor P680. Upon single flash excitation of the dark-adapted sample, the decay kinetics could be described with lifetimes of 17 ns (∼50%) and 167 ns (∼30%), and a longer-lived component (∼20%). This kinetics are attributed to re-reduction of P680•+ by the donor side of PSII. In contrast, upon second-flash (with Δt between 5 μs and 100 ms) or repetitive excitation, the 819 nm absorption changes decayed with lifetimes of about 2 ns (∼60%) and 10 ns (∼30%), attributed to recombination of the primary radical pair P680•+ Pheo•- , and a small longer-lived component (∼10%). These data confirm that only the first STSF is capable of generating stable charge separation - leading to the reduction of QA ; and thus, the fluorescence yield increments elicited by the consecutive flashes must have a different physical origin. Our double-flash experiments indicate that the rate-limiting steps, detected by chlorophyll-a fluorescence, are not correlated with the turnover of P680.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Sipka
- Institute of Plant Biology, Laboratory of Photosynthetic Membranes, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Pavel Müller
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | - Klaus Brettel
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | - Melinda Magyar
- Institute of Plant Biology, Laboratory of Photosynthetic Membranes, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | - László Kovács
- Institute of Plant Biology, Laboratory of Photosynthetic Membranes, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Qingjun Zhu
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanan Xiao
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guangye Han
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Petar H Lambrev
- Institute of Plant Biology, Laboratory of Photosynthetic Membranes, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Jian-Ren Shen
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Győző Garab
- Institute of Plant Biology, Laboratory of Photosynthetic Membranes, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
- Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
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6
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Ben Fredj A. Theoretical Study of the Dimerization of Chlorophyll (a) and Its Hydrates: Implication for Chlorophyll (a) Aggregation. Helv Chim Acta 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.201500027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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7
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Abstract
Porphyrins and other tetrapyrrole macrocycles possess an impressive variety of functional properties that have been exploited in natural and artificial systems. Different metal centres incorporated within the tetradentate ligand are key for achieving and regulating vital processes, including reversible axial ligation of adducts, electron transfer, light-harvesting and catalytic transformations. Tailored substituents optimize their performance, dictating their arrangement in specific environments and mediating the assembly of molecular nanoarchitectures. Here we review the current understanding of these species at well-defined interfaces, disclosing exquisite insights into their structural and chemical properties, and also discussing methods by which to manipulate their intramolecular and organizational features. The distinct characteristics arising from the interfacial confinement offer intriguing prospects for molecular science and advanced materials. We assess the role of surface interactions with respect to electronic and physicochemical characteristics, and describe in situ metallation pathways, molecular magnetism, rotation and switching. The engineering of nanostructures, organized layers, interfacial hybrid and bio-inspired systems is also addressed.
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Wei WY, Periasamy V. Synthesis, structural and spectroscopic properties of encapsulated Chlorophyll-a thin film in carboxymethyl cellulose. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2012. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424611003021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We report successful retention of the spectroscopic properties of Chlorophyll-a molecules encapsulated in carboxymethyl cellulose acting as an "artificial membrane" material. Films were prepared on indium tin oxide substrates utilizing the spin-coating technique at different concentrations of carboxymethyl cellulose aqueous solution. Results show that the native state of the encapsulated Chlorophyll-a molecules were retained for extended periods of time enhanced further by the optimum concentration effect. Investigations also revealed that the molecules exist in nanocrystal forms with crystal size of 10 nm regardless of the carboxymethyl cellulose concentrations and can be further optimized by varying the spin rates. Chlorophyll-a molecules were found well dispersed in the carboxymethyl cellulose films suggesting the suitability of the gel-like polymer solution as a dispersion agent. It was therefore obvious that the encapsulation of Chlorophyll-a molecules by carboxymethyl cellulose provides prolonged retention of its photoactivity highlighting extended usage when incorporated into future device applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wong Y. Wei
- Low Dimensional Material Research Centre, Solid State Laboratory, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Vengadesh Periasamy
- Low Dimensional Material Research Centre, Solid State Laboratory, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Sytina OA, van Stokkum IHM, van Grondelle R, Groot ML. Single and multi-exciton dynamics in aqueous protochlorophyllide aggregates. J Phys Chem A 2010; 115:3936-46. [PMID: 21171640 DOI: 10.1021/jp108317u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In plants, the oxidoreductase enzyme POR reduces protochlorophyllide (Pchlide) into chlorophyllide (Chlide), using NADPH as a cofactor. The reduction involves the transfer of two electrons and two protons to the C17═C18 double bond of Pchlide, and the reaction is initiated by the absorption of light by Pchlide itself. In this work we have studied the excited state dynamics of Pchlide dissolved in water, where it forms excitonically coupled aggregates, by ultrafast time-resolved transient absorption and fluorescence experiments performed in the 480-720 nm visible region and in the 1780-1590 cm(-1) mid-IR region. The ground state visible absorption spectrum of aqueous Pchlide red shifts and broadens in comparison to the spectrum of monomeric Pchlide in organic solvents. The population of the one-exciton state occurs at low excitation densities, of <1 photon per aggregate. We characterized the multiexciton manifolds spectra by measuring the absorption difference spectra at increasingly higher photon densities. The multiexciton states are characterized by blue-shifted stimulated emission and red-shifted excited state absorption in comparison to those of the one-exciton manifold. The relaxation dynamics of the multiexciton manifolds into the one-exciton manifold is found to occur in ∼10 ps. This surprisingly slow rate we suggest is due to the intrinsic charge transfer character of the PChlide excited state that leads to solvation, stabilizing the CT state, and subsequent charge recombination, which limits the exciton relaxation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga A Sytina
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Uemura S, Sengupta S, Würthner F. Cyclic Self-Assembled Structures of Chlorophyll Dyes on HOPG by the Dendron Wedge Effect. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009; 48:7825-8. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200902801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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11
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Uemura S, Sengupta S, Würthner F. Cyclic Self-Assembled Structures of Chlorophyll Dyes on HOPG by the Dendron Wedge Effect. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200902801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Möltgen H, Kleinermanns K, Jesorka A, Schaffner K, Holzwarth AR. Self-assembly of [Et,Et]-Bacteriochlorophyll cF on Highly Oriented Pyrolytic Graphite Revealed by Scanning Tunneling Microscopy†¶. Photochem Photobiol 2007. [DOI: 10.1562/0031-8655(2002)0750619saoeeb2.0.co2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Iancu V, Hla SW. Realization of a four-step molecular switch in scanning tunneling microscope manipulation of single chlorophyll-a molecules. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2006; 103:13718-21. [PMID: 16954201 PMCID: PMC1560088 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0603643103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Single chlorophyll-a molecules, a vital resource for the sustenance of life on Earth, have been investigated by using scanning tunneling microscope manipulation and spectroscopy on a gold substrate at 4.6 K. Chlorophyll-a binds on Au(111) via its porphyrin unit while the phytyl-chain is elevated from the surface by the support of four CH(3) groups. By injecting tunneling electrons from the scanning tunneling microscope tip, we are able to bend the phytyl-chain, which enables the switching of four molecular conformations in a controlled manner. Statistical analyses and structural calculations reveal that all reversible switching mechanisms are initiated by a single tunneling-electron energy-transfer process, which induces bond rotation within the phytyl-chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violeta Iancu
- Quantitative Biology Institute, Nanoscale and Quantum Phenomena Institute, and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701
| | - Saw-Wai Hla
- Quantitative Biology Institute, Nanoscale and Quantum Phenomena Institute, and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701
- *To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
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Möltgen H, Kleinermanns K, Jesorka A, Schaffner K, Holzwarth AR. Self-assembly of [Et,Et]-bacteriochlorophyll cF on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite revealed by scanning tunneling microscopy. Photochem Photobiol 2002; 75:619-26. [PMID: 12081324 DOI: 10.1562/0031-8655(2002)075<0619:saoeeb>2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The chlorosomal light-harvesting antennae of green phototrophic bacteria consist of large supramolecular aggregates of bacteriochlorophyll c (BChl c). The supramolecular structure of (3(1)-R/S)-BChl c on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) has been investigated by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). On MoS2, we observed single BChl c molecules, dimers or tetramers, depending on the polarity of the solvent. On HOPG, we observed extensive self-assembly of the dimers and tetramers. We propose C=O...H-O...Mg bonding networks for the observed dimer chains, in agreement with former ultraviolet-visible and infrared spectroscopic work. The BChl c moieties in the tetramers are probably linked by four C=O...H-O hydrogen bonds to form a circle and further stabilized by Mg...O-H bondings to underlying BChl c layers. The tetramers form highly ordered, distinct chains and extended two-dimensional networks. We investigated semisynthetic chlorins for comparison by STM but observed that only BChl c self-assembles to well-structured large aggregates on HOPG. The results on the synthetic chlorins support our structure proposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Möltgen
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie und Elektrochemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Germany
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15
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Xu QM, Wan LJ, Yin SX, Wang C, Bai CL, Ishii T, Uehara K, Wang ZY, Nozawa T. A Dimeric Structure of Bacteriochlorophyllide c Molecules Studied by Scanning Tunneling Microscopy. J Phys Chem B 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jp013764p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Min Xu
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China, Research Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Osaka University, Gakuen-cho, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan, and Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Center for Interdisciplinary Research, Tohoku University, Aramaki Aoba 07, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Li-Jun Wan
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China, Research Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Osaka University, Gakuen-cho, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan, and Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Center for Interdisciplinary Research, Tohoku University, Aramaki Aoba 07, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Shu-Xia Yin
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China, Research Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Osaka University, Gakuen-cho, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan, and Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Center for Interdisciplinary Research, Tohoku University, Aramaki Aoba 07, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Chen Wang
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China, Research Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Osaka University, Gakuen-cho, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan, and Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Center for Interdisciplinary Research, Tohoku University, Aramaki Aoba 07, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Chun-Li Bai
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China, Research Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Osaka University, Gakuen-cho, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan, and Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Center for Interdisciplinary Research, Tohoku University, Aramaki Aoba 07, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Takasada Ishii
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China, Research Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Osaka University, Gakuen-cho, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan, and Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Center for Interdisciplinary Research, Tohoku University, Aramaki Aoba 07, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Kaku Uehara
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China, Research Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Osaka University, Gakuen-cho, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan, and Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Center for Interdisciplinary Research, Tohoku University, Aramaki Aoba 07, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Zheng-Yu Wang
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China, Research Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Osaka University, Gakuen-cho, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan, and Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Center for Interdisciplinary Research, Tohoku University, Aramaki Aoba 07, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Tsunenori Nozawa
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China, Research Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Osaka University, Gakuen-cho, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan, and Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Center for Interdisciplinary Research, Tohoku University, Aramaki Aoba 07, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
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