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John A, Raza H. Azadirachtin Attenuates Carcinogen Benzo(a) Pyrene-Induced DNA Damage, Cell Cycle Arrest, Apoptosis, Inflammatory, Metabolic, and Oxidative Stress in HepG2 Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2001. [PMID: 38001854 PMCID: PMC10669168 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12112001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Azadirachtin (AZD), a limonoid from the versatile, tropical neem tree (Azadirachta indica), is well known for its many medicinal, and pharmacological effects. Its effects as an anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer agent are well known. However, not many studies have explored the effects of AZD on toxicities induced by benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P), a toxic component of cigarette smoke known to cause DNA damage and cell cycle arrest, leading to different kinds of cancer. In the present study, using HepG2 cells, we investigated the protective effects of Azadirachtin (AZD) against B(a)P-induced oxidative/nitrosative and metabolic stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. Treatment with 25 µM B(a)P for 24 h demonstrated an increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), followed by increased lipid peroxidation and DNA damage presumably, due to the increased metabolic activation of B(a)P by CYP 450 1A1/1A2 enzymes. We also observed intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis, alterations in glutathione-dependent redox homeostasis, cell cycle arrest, and inflammation after B(a)P treatment. Cells treated with 25 µM AZD for 24 h showed decreased oxidative stress and apoptosis, partial protection from DNA damage, and an improvement in mitochondrial functions and bioenergetics. The improvement in antioxidant status, anti-inflammatory potential, and alterations in cell cycle regulatory markers qualify AZD as a potential therapeutic in combination with anti-cancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Haider Raza
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, 5th Postal Region, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates;
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Lou Q, Chen F, Li B, Zhang M, Yin F, Liu X, Zhang Z, Zhang X, Fan C, Gao Y, Yang Y. Malignant growth of arsenic-transformed cells depends on activated Akt induced by reactive oxygen species. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2023; 33:284-298. [PMID: 34974760 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2021.2023113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic is an identified carcinogen for humans.In this study, chronic exposure of human hepatocyte L-02 to low-doses of inorganic arsenic caused cell malignant proliferation. Meanwhile, compared with normal L-02 cells, arsenic-transformed malignant cells, L-02-As displayed more ROS and significantly higher Cyclin D1 expression as well as aerobic glycolysis. Moreover, Akt activation is followed by the upregulation of Cyclin D1 and HK2 expression in L-02-As cells, since inhibition of Akt activity by Ly294002 attenuated the colony formation in soft agar and decreased the levels of Cyclin D1 and HK2. In addition, scavenging of ROS by NAC resulted in a decreased expression of phospho-Akt, HK2 and Cyclin D1, and attenuates the ability of anchorage-independent growth ofL-02-As cells, suggested that ROS mediated the Akt activation in L-02-As cells. In summary, our results demonstrated that ROS contributes to the malignant phenotype of arsenic-transformed human hepatocyte L-02-As via the activation of Akt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Lou
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Fuxun Chen
- Yantai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Bingyang Li
- Yantai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Meichen Zhang
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Fanshuo Yin
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xiaona Liu
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Zaihong Zhang
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Chenlu Fan
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yanhui Gao
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yanmei Yang
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
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Tu M, Wei T, Jia Y, Wang Y, Wu J. Molecular mechanisms of alveolar epithelial cell senescence and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a narrative review. J Thorac Dis 2023; 15:186-203. [PMID: 36794134 PMCID: PMC9922607 DOI: 10.21037/jtd-22-886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objective Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic progressive interstitial pneumonia of unknown etiology. An increasing number of studies have reported that the incidence of IPF increases with age. Simultaneously, the number of senescent cells increased in IPF. Epithelial cell senescence, an important component of epithelial cell dysfunction, plays a key role in IPF pathogenesis. This article summarizes the molecular mechanisms associated with alveolar epithelial cell senescence and recent advances in the applications of drugs targeting pulmonary epithelial cell senescence to explore novel therapeutic approaches for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis. Methods All literature published in English on PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were electronically searched online using the following keyword combinations: aging, alveolar epithelial cell, cell senescence, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, WNT/β-catenin, phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB). Key Content and Findings We focused on signaling pathways associated with alveolar epithelial cell senescence in IPF, including WNT/β-catenin, PI3K/Akt, NF-κB, and mTOR signaling pathways. Some of these signaling pathways are involved in alveolar epithelial cell senescence by affecting cell cycle arrest and secretion of senescence-associated secretory phenotype-associated markers. We also found that changes in lipid metabolism in alveolar epithelial cells can be induced by mitochondrial dysfunction, both of which contribute to cellular senescence and development of IPF. Conclusions Decreasing senescent alveolar epithelial cells may be a promising strategy for the treatment of IPF. Therefore, further investigations into new treatments of IPF by applying inhibitors of relevant signaling pathways, as well as senolytic drugs, are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjin Tu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China;,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China;,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), Zhanjiang, China;,Peptide and Protein Research and Application Key Laboratory of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Ting Wei
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China;,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China;,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), Zhanjiang, China;,Peptide and Protein Research and Application Key Laboratory of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yufang Jia
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China;,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China;,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), Zhanjiang, China;,Peptide and Protein Research and Application Key Laboratory of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yajun Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China;,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China;,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), Zhanjiang, China;,Peptide and Protein Research and Application Key Laboratory of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China;,Shunde Women and Children’s Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Jun Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China;,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China;,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), Zhanjiang, China;,Peptide and Protein Research and Application Key Laboratory of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
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The β-Blocker Carvedilol Prevents Benzo(a)pyrene-Induced Lung Toxicity, Inflammation and Carcinogenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030583. [PMID: 36765542 PMCID: PMC9913110 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The current study evaluated the effects of the β-blocker carvedilol on benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P) and its active metabolite benzo(a)pyrene diol epoxide (BPDE)-induced lung toxicity, inflammation and carcinogenesis and explored the potential mechanisms. Carvedilol blocked the BPDE-induced malignant transformation of human bronchial epithelial cells BEAS-2B. In BEAS-2B cells, B(a)P strongly activated ELK-1, a transcription factor regulating serum response element (SRE) signaling, which was attenuated by carvedilol. Carvedilol also inhibited the B(a)P-induced AhR/xenobiotic responsive element (XRE) and mRNA expression of CYP1A1 and attenuated B(a)P-induced NF-κB activation. In a B(a)P-induced acute lung toxicity model in CD-1/IGS mice, pretreatment with carvedilol for 7 days before B(a)P exposure effectively inhibited the B(a)P-induced plasma levels of lactate dehydrogenase and malondialdehyde, inflammatory cell infiltration and histopathologic abnormalities in the lung, and upregulated the expression of GADD45α, caspase-3 and COX-2 in the lung. In a B(a)P-induced lung carcinogenesis model in A/J mice, carvedilol treatment for 20 weeks did not affect body weight but significantly attenuated tumor multiplicity and volume. These data reveal a previously unexplored role of carvedilol in preventing B(a)P-induced lung inflammation and carcinogenesis by inhibiting the cross-talk of the oncogenic transcription factors ELK-1, AhR and NF-κB.
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He H, Huang Y, Lu Y, Wang X, Ni H, Wu Y, Xia D, Ye D, Ding J, Mao Y, Teng Y. Effect of benzo[a]pyrene on proliferation and metastasis of oral squamous cell carcinoma cells: A transcriptome analysis based on RNA-seq. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2022; 37:2589-2604. [PMID: 35870112 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), a representative polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon compound, is a carcinogen that causes head and neck cancers. Despite intensive research, the molecular mechanism of BaP in the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains largely unknown. In the present study, the SCC-9 human OSCC cell line was cultured in vitro, separated into treatment groups, and treated with dimethyl sulfoxide or BaP at various concentrations. The malignant behavior ascribed to the BaP treatment was investigated by cell proliferation, clony formation assay, and Transwell assays. Furthermore, transcriptome sequencing was performed to detect the differentially expressed genes, followed by quantitative real-time PCR to measure the expression levels of nine of these genes. Moreover, the Gene Ontology (GO) term and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses showed the biological processes and signaling pathways in which the target genes were involved. Significant effects on SCC-9 cell proliferation, tumorigenicity, cell migration, and invasion were observed after exposure to 8 μM BaP. Additional results revealed that BaP inhibited apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. The transcriptome sequencing results showed 137 upregulated genes and 135 downregulated genes induced by BaP, associated with tumor-related biological processes and signaling pathways, mainly including transcriptional dysregulation in cancer, the tumor necrosis factor signaling pathway, metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450, mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway, and so forth. Our study demonstrates that BaP may regulate the expression of certain genes involved in tumor-associated signaling pathways, thereby promoting the proliferative, tumorigenic, and metastatic behaviors of OSCC cells while suppressing their apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyi He
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yixing Huang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yueyue Lu
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinlu Wang
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haifeng Ni
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yihua Wu
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health, and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dajing Xia
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health, and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dong Ye
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jinwang Ding
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanjiao Mao
- Department of Oncology Radiotherapy, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yaoshu Teng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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Branched-chain amino acid transaminase 1 inhibition attenuates childhood asthma in mice by effecting airway remodeling and autophagy. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2022; 306:103961. [PMID: 35961527 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2022.103961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Childhood asthma is a common chronic childhood disease. Branched-chain amino acid transaminase 1 (BCAT1) was reported to be upregulated in chronic airway diseases, while its role in childhood asthma is unclear. Asthma mouse models were established in neonatal mice by 10 µg ovalbumin (OVA) intraperitoneal injection and 3% OVA inhalational challenge. In OVA-challenged mice, BCAT1 levels were upregulated. BCAT1 inhibitor alleviated airway structure and inflammation by suppressing IgE, OVA-specific IgE and inflammatory cytokine release and inflammatory cell infiltration. BCAT1 inhibitor alleviated airway remodeling by inhibiting goblet cell hyperplasia, mucus secretion and the expression of α-SMA and collagen I/III. The BCAT1 inhibitor prevented OVA-enhanced autophagy by decreasing Beclin-1, Atg5 and LC3I/II and increasing p65 levels. In IL-13-stimulated BEAS-2B cells, rapamycin promoted inflammatory cytokine release and autophagy after BCAT1 inhibitor administration. Our research revealed that BCAT1 was upregulated in neonatal asthmatic mice and that a BCAT1 inhibitor might restrain airway inflammation and remodeling by decreasing autophagy, which offered a novel mechanistic understanding of childhood asthma.
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Alzahrani AM, Rajendran P. Pinocembrin attenuates benzo(a)pyrene-induced CYP1A1 expression through multiple pathways: An in vitro and in vivo study. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2021; 35:e22695. [PMID: 33393179 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Benzo(a)pyrene [B(a)P], which is a carcinogen, is a substance most typically known in cigarette smoke and considered as an important intermediary of lung cancer. The enzyme CYP1A1 is crucial for the metabolic conversion of B(a)P into the intermediates that induce carcinogenesis. Stimulation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor, which is regulated by B(a)P, is thought to induce numerous signaling cascades. Interruption in the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway causes changes in cellular processes and may alter the AhR pathway. The aim of this investigation is to examine the potential ability of a flavonoid pinocembrin (PCB) to alleviate B(a)P toxicity and analyze the underlying molecular mechanisms. We found that PCB inhibited DNA adduct formation by attenuating CYP1A1 expression through the suppression of the AhR/Src/ERK pathways. PCB mitigated the B(a)P-stimulated DNA damage, inhibited Src and ERK1/2 expression, decreased CYP1A1 expression, and reduced the B(a)P-induced stimulation of NF-κB and MAPK signaling in lung epithelial cells. Finally, the activity of CYP1A1 and Src in lung tissues from mice supplemented with PCB was noticeably decreased and lower than that in lung tissues from mice supplemented with B(a)P alone. Collectively, these data suggest that PCB may alleviate the toxic effects of PAHs, which are important environmental pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah M Alzahrani
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Peramaiyan Rajendran
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
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Brózman O, Novák J, Bauer AK, Babica P. Airborne PAHs inhibit gap junctional intercellular communication and activate MAPKs in human bronchial epithelial cell line. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2020; 79:103422. [PMID: 32492535 PMCID: PMC7486243 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2020.103422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Inhalation exposures to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have been associated with various adverse health effects, including chronic lung diseases and cancer. Using human bronchial epithelial cell line HBE1, we investigated the effects of structurally different PAHs on tissue homeostatic processes, namely gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) and MAPKs activity. Rapid (<1 h) and sustained (up to 24 h) inhibition of GJIC was induced by low/middle molecular weight (MW) PAHs, particularly by those with a bay- or bay-like region (1- and 9-methylanthracene, fluoranthene), but also by fluorene and pyrene. In contrast, linear low MW (anthracene, 2-methylanthracene) or higher MW (chrysene) PAHs did not affect GJIC. Fluoranthene, 1- and 9-methylanthracene induced strong and sustained activation of MAPK ERK1/2, whereas MAPK p38 was activated rather nonspecifically by all tested PAHs. Low/middle MW PAHs can disrupt tissue homeostasis in human airway epithelium via structure-dependent nongenotoxic mechanisms, which can contribute to their human health hazards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ondřej Brózman
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno 62500, Czech Republic.
| | - Jiří Novák
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno 62500, Czech Republic.
| | - Alison K Bauer
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, Colorado 80045, USA.
| | - Pavel Babica
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno 62500, Czech Republic.
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Zhang ZF, Huang TJ, Zhang XK, Xie YJ, Lin ST, Luo FF, Meng DF, Hu H, Wang J, Peng LX, Qian CN, Cheng C, Huang BJ. AKR1C2 acts as a targetable oncogene in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma via activating PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:9999-10012. [PMID: 32678482 PMCID: PMC7520259 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The aldo-keto reductases family 1 member C2 (AKR1C2) has critical roles in the tumorigenesis and progression of malignant tumours. However, it was also discovered to have ambiguous functions in multiple cancers and till present, its clinical significance and molecular mechanism in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) has been unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the role of AKR1C2 in the tumorigenesis of ESCC. Here, we showed that AKR1C2 expression was found to be up-regulated in ESCC tissues and was significantly associated with pathological stage, lymph node metastasis and worse outcomes. Functional assays demonstrated that an ectopic expression of AKR1C2 in ESCC cells resulted in increased proliferation, migration and cisplatin resistance, while knockdown led to inversing effects. Bioinformation analyses and mechanistic studies demonstrated that AKR1C2 activated the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway, furthermore, the inhibitor of PI3K or the selective inhibitor of AKR1C2 enzyme activity could reverse the aggressiveness and showed synergistic antitumour effect when combined with cisplatin, both in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, Our findings revealed that AKR1C2 could function as an oncogene by activating the PI3K/AKT pathway, as a novel prognostic biomarker and/or as a potential therapeutic target to ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan-Fei Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tie-Jun Huang
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin-Ke Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yu-Jie Xie
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Si-Ting Lin
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fei-Fei Luo
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong-Fang Meng
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The People's Hospital of Gaozhou, Maoming, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Xia Peng
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chao-Nan Qian
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Guangzhou Concord Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chao Cheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bi-Jun Huang
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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Savary CC, Bellamri N, Morzadec C, Langouët S, Lecureur V, Vernhet L. Long term exposure to environmental concentrations of diesel exhaust particles does not impact the phenotype of human bronchial epithelial cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2018; 52:154-160. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2018.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Benzo[a]pyrene activates an AhR/Src/ERK axis that contributes to CYP1A1 induction and stable DNA adducts formation in lung cells. Toxicol Lett 2018; 289:54-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 02/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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PTEN Inhibits Cell Proliferation, Promotes Cell Apoptosis, and Induces Cell Cycle Arrest via Downregulating the PI3K/AKT/ hTERT Pathway in Lung Adenocarcinoma A549 Cells. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:2476842. [PMID: 27822469 PMCID: PMC5086351 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2476842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
PTEN plays an essential role in tumorigenesis and both its mutation and inactivation can influence proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle progression in tumor cells. However, the precise role of PTEN in lung cancer cells has not been well studied. To address this, we have generated lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells overexpressing wild-type or mutant PTEN as well as A549 cells expressing a siRNA directed toward endogenous PTEN. Overexpression of wild-type PTEN profoundly inhibited cell proliferation, promoted cell apoptosis, caused cell cycle arrest at G1, downregulated p-AKT, and decreased expression of the telomerase protein hTERT. In contrast, in cells expressing a PTEN directed siRNA, the opposite effects on cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, p-AKT levels, and hTERT protein expression were observed. A549 cells transfected with a PTEN mutant lacking phosphatase activity (PTEN-C124A) or an empty vector (null) did not show any effect. Furthermore, using the PI3K/AKT pathway blocker LY294002, we confirmed that the PI3K/AKT pathway was involved in mediating these effects of PTEN. Taken together, we have demonstrated that PTEN downregulates the PI3K/AKT/hTERT pathway, thereby suppressing the growth of lung adenocarcinoma cells. Our study may provide evidence for a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of lung adenocarcinoma.
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Mavrofrydi O, Mavroeidi P, Papazafiri P. Comparative assessment of HIF-1α and Akt responses in human lung and skin cells exposed to benzo[α]pyrene: Effect of conditioned medium from pre-exposed primary fibroblasts. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2016; 31:1103-1112. [PMID: 25728052 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Revised: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/10/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to atmospheric pollutants has been accused for many adverse health effects. Benzo[α]pyrene (Β[α]Ρ) in particular, the most extensively studied member of pollutants, is implicated in both cancer initiation and promotion. In the present study, we compared the effects of noncytotoxic doses of Β[α]Ρ, between human skin and lung epithelial cells A431 and A549, respectively, focusing on Akt kinase and HIF-1α, as it is well known that these proteins are upregulated in various human cancers promoting survival, angiogenesis and metastasis of tumor cells. Also, taking into consideration that fibroblasts are involved in cancer progression, we tested the possible modulation of epithelial cell response by paracrine factors secreted by Β[α]Ρ-treated fibroblasts. Low doses of Β[α]Ρ were found to enhance epithelial cell proliferation and upregulate both Akt kinase and HIF-1α, with A549 cells exhibiting a more sustained profile of upregulation. It is to notice that, the response of HIF-1α was remarkably early, acting as a sensitive marker in response to airborne pollutants. Also, HIF-1α was induced by Β[α]Ρ in both lung and skin fibroblasts indicating that this effect may be conserved throughout different cell types and tissues. Interestingly however, the response of both proteins was differentially modified upon treatment with conditioned medium from Β[α]Ρ-exposed fibroblasts. This is particularly evident in A459 cells and confirms the critical role of intercellular and paracrine factors in the modulation of the final response to an extracellular signal. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 31: 1103-1112, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Mavrofrydi
- Division of Animal and Human Physiology, Department of Biology, University of Athens, 15784 Panepistimiopolis, Ilissia, Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiota Mavroeidi
- Division of Animal and Human Physiology, Department of Biology, University of Athens, 15784 Panepistimiopolis, Ilissia, Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiota Papazafiri
- Division of Animal and Human Physiology, Department of Biology, University of Athens, 15784 Panepistimiopolis, Ilissia, Athens, Greece
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Poovathingal SK, Kravchenko-Balasha N, Shin YS, Levine RD, Heath JR. Critical Points in Tumorigenesis: A Carcinogen-Initiated Phase Transition Analyzed via Single-Cell Proteomics. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2016; 12:1425-31. [PMID: 26780498 PMCID: PMC4886749 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201501178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Revised: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
A kinetic, single-cell proteomic study of chemically induced carcinogenesis is interpreted by treating the single-cell data as fluctuations of an open system transitioning between different steady states. In analogy to a first-order transition, phase coexistence and the loss of degrees of freedom are observed. The transition is detected well before the appearance of the traditional biomarker of the carcinogenic transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Kumar Poovathingal
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, MC 127-72, 1200 E. California Blvd, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, L-4362, Luxembourg
| | - Nataly Kravchenko-Balasha
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, MC 127-72, 1200 E. California Blvd, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
- Department of Bio-Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel
| | - Young Shik Shin
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, MC 127-72, 1200 E. California Blvd, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Raphael David Levine
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - James R Heath
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, MC 127-72, 1200 E. California Blvd, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
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Negative effect of cyclin D1 overexpression on recurrence-free survival in stage II-IIIA lung adenocarcinoma and its expression modulation by vorinostat in vitro. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:982. [PMID: 26681199 PMCID: PMC4683946 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-2001-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study was aimed at identifying prognostic biomarkers for stage II-IIIA non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) according to histology and at investigating the effect of vorinostat on the expression of these biomarkers. Methods Expression levels of cyclin D1, cyclin A2, cyclin E, and p16 proteins that are involved in the G1-to-S phase progression of cell cycle were analyzed using immunohistochemistry in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues from 372 samples of stage II-IIIA NSCLC. The effect of vorinostat on the expression of these proteins, impacts on cell cycle, and histone modification was explored in lung cancer cells. Results Abnormal expression of cyclin A2, cyclin D1, cyclin E, and p16 was found in 66, 47, 34, and 51 % of 372 cases, respectively. Amongst the four proteins, only cyclin D1 overexpression was significantly associated with poor recurrence-free survival (adjusted hazard ratio = 1.87; 95 % confidence interval = 1.12 – 2.69, P = 0.02) in adenocarcinoma but not in squamous cell carcinoma (P = 0.44). Vorinostat inhibited cell cycle progression to the S-phase and induced down-regulation of cyclin D1 in vitro. The down-regulation of cyclin D1 by vorinostat was comparable to a siRNA-mediated knockdown of cyclin D1 in A549 cells, but vorinostat in the presence of benzo[a]pyrene showed a differential effect in different lung cancer cell lines. Cyclin D1 down-regulation by vorinostat was associated with the accumulation of dimethyl-H3K9 at the promoter of the gene. Conclusions The present study suggests that cyclin D1 may be an independent prognostic factor for recurrence-free survival in stage II-IIIA adenocarcinoma of lung and its expression may be modulated by vorinostat. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-015-2001-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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An ShRNA Based Genetic Screen Identified Sesn2 as a Potential Tumor Suppressor in Lung Cancer via Suppression of Akt-mTOR-p70S6K Signaling. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0124033. [PMID: 25962159 PMCID: PMC4427398 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0124033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lung cancer is emerging rapidly as the leading death cause in Chinese cancer patients. The causal factors for Chinese lung cancer development remain largely unclear. Here we employed an shRNA library-based loss-of-function screen in a genome-wide and unbiased manner to interrogate potential tumor suppressor candidates in the immortalized human lung epithelial cell line BEAS-2B. Methods/Results Soft agar assays were conducted for screening BEAS-2B cells infected with the retroviral shRNA library with the acquired feature of anchorage-independent growth, large (>0.5mm in diameter) and well—separated colonies were isolated for proliferation. PCRs were performed to amplify the integrated shRNA fragment from individual genomic DNA extracted from each colony, and each PCR product is submitted for DNA sequencing to reveal the integrated shRNA and its target gene. A total of 6 candidate transformation suppressors including INPP4B, Sesn2, TIAR, ACRC, Nup210, LMTK3 were identified. We validated Sesn2 as the candidate of lung cancer tumor suppressor. Knockdown of Sesn2 by an shRNA targeting 3’ UTR of Sesn2 transcript potently stimulated the proliferation and malignant transformation of lung bronchial epithelial cell BEAS-2B via activation of Akt-mTOR-p70S6K signaling, whereas ectopic expression of Sens2 re-suppressed the malignant transformation elicited by the Sesn2 shRNA. Moreover, knockdown of Sesn2 in BEAS-2B cells promoted the BEAS-2B cell-transplanted xenograft tumor growth in nude mice. Lastly, DNA sequencing indicated mutations of Sesn2 gene are rare, the protein levels of Sesn2 of 77 Chinese lung cancer patients varies greatly compared to their adjacent normal tissues, and the low expression level of Sesn2 associates with the poor survival in these examined patients by Kaplan Meier analysis. Conclusions Our shRNA-based screen has demonstrated Sesn2 is a potential tumor suppressor in lung epithelial cells. The expression level of Sesn2 may serve as a prognostic marker for Chinese lung cancer patients in the clinic.
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Han Z, Zhang Y, Xu Y, Ji J, Xu W, Zhao Y, Luo F, Wang B, Bian Q, Liu Q. Cell cycle changes mediated by the p53/miR-34c axis are involved in the malignant transformation of human bronchial epithelial cells by benzo[a]pyrene. Toxicol Lett 2013; 225:275-84. [PMID: 24362009 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2013.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2013] [Revised: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Characterization of aberrant microRNA (miRNA) expression during carcinogen-induced cell transformation will lead to a better understanding of the role of miRNAs in cancer development. In this investigation, we evaluated changes in p53 function and its downstream target miRNAs in benzo[a]pyrene (BaP)-induced transformation of human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells. Chronic exposure to BaP induced malignant transformation of cells, in which there were increased levels of mutant p53 (mt-p53) and reduced expression of wild-type p53 (wt-p53) and phosphorylated p53 (p-p53). With acute (12h) exposure to BaP, p-p53 was increased, and with increasing time of exposure (24h), the increase in p-p53 at a concentration of 1μM BaP was followed by a decline with increasing concentrations; wt-p53 and mt-p53 did not change. With prolonged exposure (48h), p-p53 and wt-p53 decreased, but mt-p53 increased. At different exposure times, the levels of miR-34c were consistent with p-p53. Over-expression of miR-34c resulted in inhibition of the BaP-induced G1-to-S transition and diminished up-regulation of cyclin D. Further, up-regulation of miR-34c or silencing of cylin D prevented BaP-induced malignant transformation. Thus, changes in the cell cycle mediated by the p53/miR-34c axis are involved in the transformation cells induced by BaP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuyu Han
- The First Clinic Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Jiangsu Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yuan Xu
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Jie Ji
- The First Clinic Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Wenchao Xu
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Fei Luo
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Bairu Wang
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Qian Bian
- Jiangsu Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Qizhan Liu
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, PR China.
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Xu WP, Yi M, Li QQ, Zhou WP, Cong WM, Yang Y, Ning BF, Yin C, Huang ZW, Wang J, Qian H, Jiang CF, Chen YX, Xia CY, Wang HY, Zhang X, Xie WF. Perturbation of MicroRNA-370/Lin-28 homolog A/nuclear factor kappa B regulatory circuit contributes to the development of hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatology 2013; 58:1977-91. [PMID: 23728999 DOI: 10.1002/hep.26541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2013] [Revised: 04/17/2003] [Accepted: 05/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED MicroRNA 370 (miR-370) is located within the DLK1/DIO3 imprinting region on human chromosome 14, which has been identified as a cancer-associated genomic region. However, the role of miR-370 in malignances remains controversial. Here, we report that miR-370 was repressed in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues and hepatoma cell lines. Using gain-of-function and loss-of-function experiments, we demonstrated that miR-370 inhibited the malignant phenotype of HCC cells in vitro. Overexpression of miR-370 inhibited growth and metastasis of HCC cells in vivo. Moreover, the RNA-binding protein, LIN28A, was identified as a direct functional target of miR-370, which, in turn, blocked the biogenesis of miR-370 by binding to its precursor. LIN28A also mediated the suppressive effects of miR-370 on migration and invasion of HCC cells by post-transcriptionally regulating RelA/p65, which is an important effector of the canonical nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway. Interleukin-6 (IL-6), a well-known NF-κB downstream inflammatory molecule, reduced miR-370 but increased LIN28A levels in HCC. Furthermore, miR-370 levels were inversely correlated with LIN28A and IL-6 messenger RNA (mRNA) levels, whereas LIN28A mRNA expression was positively correlated with IL-6 expression in human HCC samples. Interestingly, reduction of miR-370 expression was associated with the development of HCC in rats, as well as with aggressive tumor behavior and short survival in HCC patients. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate the involvement of a novel regulatory circuit consisting of miR-370, LIN28A, RelA/p65 and IL-6 in HCC progression. Manipulating this feedback loop may have beneficial effect in HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ping Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
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Lee BK, Chung MY, Lee KW. Benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-diol-9,10-epoxide inhibits gap junction intercellular communication via phosphorylation of tumor progression locus 2 in WB-F344 rat liver epithelial cells. Mol Carcinog 2013; 54:351-8. [PMID: 24249418 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Revised: 10/10/2013] [Accepted: 10/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-diol-9,10-epoxide (B[a]PDE), a major metabolite of benzo[a]pyrene, has been reported to function as a human carcinogen. However, the molecular mechanism of how B[a]PDE regulates signaling pathways during tumor promotion remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of B[a]PDE on the regulation of gap junction intercellular communication (GJIC), one of the major carcinogenic processes, and its main regulatory signaling pathways using WB-F344 rat liver epithelial (WB-F344 RLE) cells. Treatment of benzo[a]pyrene or B[a]PDE resulted in GJIC inhibition, and B[a]PDE was more active at lower concentrations than benzo[a]pyrene in the suppression of GJIC. This suggests that B[a]PDE is a stronger GJIC inhibitor. B[a]PDE at 1 µM reversibly inhibited GJIC in WB-F344 RLE cells, which was attributable to hyperphosphorylation of connexin43 (Cx43) via phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MEK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). We found that B[a]PDE induced phosphorylation of tumor progression locus 2 (Tpl2), a direct upstream regulator of MEK. Tpl2 inhibitor recovered B[a]PDE-induced GJIC inhibition and attenuated B[a]PDE-induced MEK/ERK phosphorylation in WB-F344 RLE cells. Collectively, our results suggest that B[a]PDE suppresses GJIC by activating Tpl2 and subsequently the MEK/ERK pathway and Cx43 phosphorylation in WB-F344 RLE cells. These results outline the potential importance of Tpl2 as a novel therapeutic target for B[a]PDE-induced GJIC inhibition during cancer promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Kyung Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 143-701, Republic of Korea; Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon, 443-270, Republic of Korea
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Choi S, Lim TG, Hwang MK, Kim YA, Kim J, Kang NJ, Jang TS, Park JS, Yeom MH, Lee KW. Rutin inhibits B[a]PDE-induced cyclooxygenase-2 expression by targeting EGFR kinase activity. Biochem Pharmacol 2013; 86:1468-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2013.08.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2013] [Revised: 08/30/2013] [Accepted: 08/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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21
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Zhang J, Ouyang W, Li J, Zhang D, Yu Y, Wang Y, Li X, Huang C. Suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) inhibits EGF-induced cell transformation via reduction of cyclin D1 mRNA stability. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2012; 263:218-24. [PMID: 22749963 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2012.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2012] [Revised: 06/16/2012] [Accepted: 06/19/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) inhibiting cancer cell growth has been associated with its downregulation of cyclin D1 protein expression at transcription level or translation level. Here, we have demonstrated that SAHA inhibited EGF-induced Cl41 cell transformation via the decrease of cyclin D1 mRNA stability and induction of G0/G1 growth arrest. We found that SAHA treatment resulted in the dramatic inhibition of EGF-induced cell transformation, cyclin D1 protein expression and induction of G0/G1 growth arrest. Further studies showed that SAHA downregulation of cyclin D1 was only observed with endogenous cyclin D1, but not with reconstitutionally expressed cyclin D1 in the same cells, excluding the possibility of SAHA regulating cyclin D1 at level of protein degradation. Moreover, SAHA inhibited EGF-induced cyclin d1 mRNA level, whereas it did not show any inhibitory effect on cyclin D1 promoter-driven luciferase reporter activity under the same experimental conditions, suggesting that SAHA may decrease cyclin D1 mRNA stability. This notion was supported by the results that treatment of cells with SAHA decreased the half-life of cyclin D1 mRNA from 6.95 h to 2.57 h. Consistent with downregulation of cyclin D1 mRNA stability, SAHA treatment also attenuated HuR expression, which has been well-characterized as a positive regulator of cyclin D1 mRNA stability. Thus, our study identifies a novel mechanism responsible for SAHA inhibiting cell transformation via decreasing cyclin D1 mRNA stability and induction of G0/G1 growth arrest in Cl41 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Rd, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
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Bloch KM, Yaqoob N, Evans A, Radford R, Jennings P, Boei JJWA, McMorrow T, Slattery C, Ryan MP, Gmuender H, van Delft JHM, Lock EA. Detection of genotoxic and non-genotoxic renal carcinogens in vitro in NRK-52E cells using a transcriptomics approach. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2tx20023f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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