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Jaree P, Boonchuen P, Thawonsuwan J, Kondo H, Hirono I, Somboonwiwat K. Transcriptome profiling reveals the novel immunometabolism-related genes against WSSV infection from Fenneropenaeus merguiensis. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 120:31-44. [PMID: 34758397 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) has been considered a serious threat to shrimp aquaculture. Besides, the activation of cell metabolism as an immune reaction to the virus is now recognized as a piece of the pivotal puzzle of the antiviral responses. Hence, this study explores the relationship between metabolic gene expression and antiviral responses in shrimp using transcriptome analysis. The RNA-seq libraries of Fenneropenaeus merguensis hemocytes after WSSV challenge at early (6 hpi) and late (24 hpi) stages of infection were analyzed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) that the WSSV subverted the expression. One-hundred-thirty-three DEGs that were expressed in response to WSSV infection at both stages were identified. Based on the GO annotation, they were related to innate immunity and metabolic pathway. The expression correlation between "full term" (NGS) and qRT-PCR of 16 representative DEGs is shown. Noticeably, the expression profiles of all the selected metabolic genes involved in glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and nucleotide metabolism showed a specific correlation between NGS and qRT-PCR upon WSSV infection. Of these, we further characterized the function related to the WSSV response of glutamine: fructose-6-phosphate aminotransferase (FmGFAT), the rate-limiting enzyme of the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway, which was found to be up-regulated at the late stage of WSSV infection. Suppression of FmGFAT by RNA interference resulted in postponing the death of WSSV-infected shrimp and reduction of viral copy number. These results suggested that the FmGFAT is linked between metabolic change and WSSV responses in shrimp, where the virus-induced metabolic rewiring hijack biological compounds and/or energy sources to benefit the viral replication process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phattarunda Jaree
- Center of Applied Shrimp Research and Innovation, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Pakpoom Boonchuen
- School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
| | - Jumroensri Thawonsuwan
- Songkhla Aquatic Animal Health Research Center, Department of Fisheries, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Hidehiro Kondo
- Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ikuo Hirono
- Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kunlaya Somboonwiwat
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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2
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Recent insights into hematopoiesis in crustaceans. FISH AND SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY REPORTS 2021; 2:100040. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fsirep.2021.100040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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3
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Jaree P, Kawai T, Lo CF, Tassanakajon A, Somboonwiwat K. Genome organization and definition of the Penaeus monodon viral responsive protein 15 (PmVRP15) promoter. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 93:997-1006. [PMID: 31412281 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The viral responsive protein 15 from the black tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon (PmVRP15) is a highly responsive gene upon white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) challenge. It is identified from hemocyte and important for WSSV trafficking and assembly. However, the knowledge of PmVRP15 gene regulation is limited. In the present study, the genome organization and 5'upstream promoter sequences of PmVRP15 gene were investigated. The PmVRP15 gene was found to contain 4 exons interrupted by 3 introns and the start codon was located in the exon 2. The transcription start site and TATA box were also determined from the 5' upstream sequence. By using the narrow down experiment, the 5' upstream promoter active region was determined to be at the nucleotide positions -525 to +612. Mutagenesis of the putative transcription factor (TF) binding sites revealed that the binding site of interferon regulatory factor (IRF) (-495/-479) was a repressor-binding site whereas those of the octamer transcription factor 1 (Oct-1) (-275/-268) and the nuclear factor of activated T-cells transcription factor (NFAT) (-228/-223) were activator-binding sites. This is the first report on the transcription factors that might play essential roles in modulating the PmVRP15 gene expression. Nevertheless, the underlying regulation mechanism of PmVRP15 gene expression needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phattarunda Jaree
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Rd., Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Taro Kawai
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunobiology, Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), Nara, Japan
| | - Chu-Fang Lo
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Anchalee Tassanakajon
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Rd., Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kunlaya Somboonwiwat
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Rd., Bangkok, Thailand.
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Long-term administration of diets containing Gracilaria tenuistipitata extract induce the expression of immune-related genes and increase the immune response and resistance against Vibrio harveyi in white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. GENE REPORTS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2019.100378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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5
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Matjank W, Ponprateep S, Rimphanitchayakit V, Tassanakajon A, Somboonwiwat K, Vatanavicharn T. Plasmolipin, PmPLP1, from Penaeus monodon is a potential receptor for yellow head virus infection. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 88:137-143. [PMID: 30031867 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2018.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Plasmolipin has been characterized as a cell entry receptor for mouse endogenous retrovirus. In black tiger shrimp, two isoforms of plasmolipin genes, PmPLP1 and PmPLP2, have been identified from the Penaeus monodon EST database. The PmPLP1 is highly up-regulated in yellow head virus (YHV)-infected shrimp. Herein, the function of PmPLP1 is shown to be involved in YHV infection. The immunoblotting and immunolocalization showed that the PmPLP1 protein was highly expressed and located at the plasma membrane of gills from YHV-infected shrimp. Moreover, the PmPLP1 expressed in the Sf9 insect cells resided at the cell membrane rendering the cells more susceptible to YHV infection. Using the ELISA binding and mortality assays, the synthetic external loop of PmPLP1 was shown to bind the purified YHV and neutralize the virus resulting in the decrease in YHV infection. Our results suggested that the PmPLP1 was likely a receptor of YHV in shrimp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Watchalaya Matjank
- Applied Analytical Chemistry Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Chalongkrung Road, Bangkok, 10520, Thailand
| | - Sirikwan Ponprateep
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
| | - Vichien Rimphanitchayakit
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Anchalee Tassanakajon
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Kunlaya Somboonwiwat
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Tipachai Vatanavicharn
- Applied Analytical Chemistry Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Chalongkrung Road, Bangkok, 10520, Thailand; Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand.
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6
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Apitanyasai K, Amparyup P, Charoensapsri W, Sangsuriya P, Tassanakajon A. Shrimp hemocyte homeostasis-associated protein (PmHHAP) interacts with WSSV134 to control apoptosis in white spot syndrome virus infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 76:174-182. [PMID: 29501484 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.01.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Hemocyte homeostasis-associated protein (PmHHAP) was first identified as a viral-responsive gene, due to a high upregulation in transcription following white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) infection. Functional studies using RNA interference have suggested that PmHHAP is involved in hemocyte homeostasis by controlling apoptosis during WSSV infection. In this study, the role of PmHHAP in host-viral interactions was further investigated. Yeast two-hybrid assay and co-immunoprecipitation revealed that PmHHAP binds to an anti-apoptosis protein, WSSV134. The viral protein WSSV134 is a late protein of WSSV, expressed 24 h post infection (hpi). Gene silencing of WSSV134 in WSSV-infected shrimp resulted in a reduction of the expression level of the viral replication marker genes VP28, wsv477, and ie-1, which suggests that WSSV134 is likely involved in viral propagation. However, co-silencing of PmHHAP and WSSV134 counteracted the effects on WSSV infection, which implies the importance of the host-pathogen interaction between PmHHAP and WSSV134 in WSSV infection. In addition, caspase 3/7 activity was noticeably induced in the PmHHAP and WSSV134 co-silenced shrimp upon WSSV infection. Moreover, PmHHAP and WSSV134 inhibited caspase-induced activation of PmCasp in vitro in a non-competitive manner. Taken together, these results suggest that PmHHAP and WSSV134 play a role in the host-pathogen interaction and work concordantly to control apoptosis in WSSV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kantamas Apitanyasai
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Piti Amparyup
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Klong Luang, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Walaiporn Charoensapsri
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Klong Luang, Pathumthani, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Shrimp Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (Centex Shrimp), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pakkakul Sangsuriya
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Klong Luang, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Anchalee Tassanakajon
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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7
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Tummamunkong P, Jaree P, Tassanakajon A, Somboonwiwat K. WSSV-responsive gene expression under the influence of PmVRP15 suppression. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 72:86-94. [PMID: 29017938 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Revised: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The viral responsive protein 15 from black tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon (PmVRP15), is highly up-regulated and produced in the hemocytes of shrimp with white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) infection. To investigate the differential expression of genes from P. monodon hemocytes that are involved in WSSV infection under the influence of PmVRP15 expression, suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) of PmVRP15-silenced shrimp infected with WSSV was performed. The 189 cDNA clones of the forward library were generated by subtracting the cDNAs from WSSV-infected and PmVRP15 knockdown shrimp with cDNAs from WSSV-infected and GFP knockdown shrimp. For the opposite subtraction, the 176 cDNA clones in the reverse library was an alternative set of genes in WSSV-infected shrimp hemocytes in the presence of PmVRP15 expression. The abundant genes in forward SSH library had a defense/homeostasis of 26%, energy/metabolism of 23% and in the reverse SSH library a hypothetical protein with unknown function was found (30%). The differential expressed immune-related genes from each library were selected for expression analysis using qRT-PCR. All selected genes from the forward library showed high up-regulation in the WSSV-challenged PmVRP15 knockdown group as expected. Interestingly, PmHHAP, a hemocyte homeostasis associated protein, and granulin-like protein, a conserved growth factor, are extremely up-regulated in the absence of PmVRP15 expression in WSSV-infected shrimp. Only transcript level of transglutaminase II, that functions in regulating hematopoietic tissue differentiation and inhibits mature hemocyte production in shrimp, was obviously down-regulated as observed from SSH results. Taken together, our results suggest that PmVRP15 might have a function relevant to hemocyte homeostasis during WSSV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phawida Tummamunkong
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Phattarunda Jaree
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Anchalee Tassanakajon
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Kunlaya Somboonwiwat
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
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8
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Elbahnaswy S, Koiwai K, Zaki VH, Shaheen AA, Kondo H, Hirono I. A novel viral responsive protein (MjVRP) from Marsupenaeus japonicus haemocytes is involved in white spot syndrome virus infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 70:638-647. [PMID: 28935599 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.09.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A viral responsive protein (MjVRP) was characterized from Marsupenaeus japonicus haemocytes. In amino acid homology and phylogenetic tree analyses, MjVRP clustered in the same group with the viral responsive protein of Penaeus monodon (PmVRP15), showing 34% identity. MjVRP transcripts were mainly expressed in haemocytes and the lymphoid organ. Western blotting likewise showed that MjVRP was strongly expressed in haemocytes and the lymphoid organ. Immunostaining detected MjVRP within the cytosol next to the perinuclear region in some haemocytes. Experimental challenge with white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) significantly up-regulated the mRNA level of MjVRP in the M. japonicus haemocytes at 6 and 48 h. Flow cytometry and indirect immunofluorescence assays revealed that the ratio of MjVRP+ haemocytes significantly increased 24 and 48 h post-WSSV infection. These results suggest that MjVRP+ haemocytes have a supporting role in the pathogenesis of WSSV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samia Elbahnaswy
- Laboratory of Genome Science, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Konan 4-5-7, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan; Department of Internal Medicine, Infectious and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Keiichiro Koiwai
- Laboratory of Genome Science, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Konan 4-5-7, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
| | - Viola H Zaki
- Department of Internal Medicine, Infectious and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Adel A Shaheen
- Department of Fish Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt
| | - Hidehiro Kondo
- Laboratory of Genome Science, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Konan 4-5-7, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
| | - Ikuo Hirono
- Laboratory of Genome Science, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Konan 4-5-7, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan.
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9
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Chen YY, Kitikiew S, Yeh ST, Chen JC. White shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei that have received fucoidan exhibit a defense against Vibrio alginolyticus and WSSV despite their recovery of immune parameters to background levels. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 59:414-426. [PMID: 27815206 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.10.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/30/2016] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
White shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei receiving fucoidan at 2, 6, and 10 μg g-1 after 0-144 h or 0-120 h were examined for immune parameters (haemograms, phenoloxidase activity, respiratory burst, and superoxide dismutase activity), proliferation of haemocyte in the haematopoietic tissue (HPT), gene expression, and phagocytic activity and clearance efficiency to Vibrio alginolyticus. Immune parameters and mitotic index of HPT increased after 3-24 h, reached their maxima after 48-72 h, and returned to background values after 144 h. Transcripts of lipopolysaccharide and β-1,3-glucan binding protein (LGBP), peroxinectin (PX), prophenoloxidase (proPO) I, proPO II, astakine, and haemocyte homeostasis-associated protein (HHAP) were up-regulated to a maximum after 48-72 h and returned to background values after 144 h. Phagocytic activity and clearance efficiency to V. alginolyticus increased after 12 h, reached its maximum after 48 h, and continued to remain higher after 120 h. In another experiment, shrimp receiving fucoidan after 48 h and 144 h were respectively challenged with V. alinolyticus at 6 × 106 colony-forming units (cfu) shrimp-1 or challenged with WSSV at 1.2 × 105 copies shrimp-1 and then placed in seawater. The survival rate of shrimp receiving fucoidan was significantly higher than in controls. In conclusion, shrimp receiving fucoidan showed a proliferation of HPT, increased immune parameters, and up-regulated transcripts of LGBP, PX, proPO I, proPO II, astakine, and HHAP after 48 h. Shrimp receiving fucoidan exhibited a defense against V. alginolyticus and WSSV, even after immune parameters recovered to background levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Yuan Chen
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Life Sciences, Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, 20224, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Suwaree Kitikiew
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Life Sciences, Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, 20224, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Su-Tuen Yeh
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Life Sciences, Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, 20224, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jiann-Chu Chen
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Life Sciences, Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, 20224, Taiwan, ROC.
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10
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Apitanyasai K, Noonin C, Tassanakajon A, Söderhäll I, Söderhäll K. Characterization of a hemocyte homeostasis-associated-like protein (HHAP) in the freshwater crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 58:429-435. [PMID: 27663854 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Revised: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Hemocyte homeostasis-associated-like protein (HHAP) in the freshwater crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculus has a distinct role from that of its homolog PmHHAP in the shrimp Penaeus monodon. Knockdown of PlHHAP in vitro using double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) had no effect on the cell morphology of hematopoietic tissue (HPT) cells. The total hemocyte number and caspase activity were unchanged after PlHHAP knockdown in vivo, in contrast to the results found in shrimp. Moreover, suppression of PlHHAP both in vitro and in vivo did not change the mRNA levels of some genes involved in hematopoiesis and hemocyte homeostasis. Interestingly, bacterial count and scanning electron microscope revealed that depletion of PlHHAP in intestine by RNAi resulted in higher number of bacteria in the crayfish intestine. Together, these results suggest that PlHHAP is not involved in hemocyte homeostasis in the crayfish P. leniusculus but appears to affect the bacterial number in the intestine through an unknown mechanism. Since PlHHAP has different functions from PmHHAP, we therefore named it HHAP-like protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kantamas Apitanyasai
- Department of Comparative of Physiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Chadanat Noonin
- Department of Comparative of Physiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anchalee Tassanakajon
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Irene Söderhäll
- Department of Comparative of Physiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kenneth Söderhäll
- Department of Comparative of Physiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
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11
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Quispe RL, Justino EB, Vieira FN, Jaramillo ML, Rosa RD, Perazzolo LM. Transcriptional profiling of immune-related genes in Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) during ontogenesis. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 58:103-107. [PMID: 27637731 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Revised: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We have performed here a gene expression analysis to determine the developmental stage at the main genes involved in crustacean immune response begin to be expressed and their changes in mRNA abundance during shrimp development. By using a quantitative PCR-based approach, we have measured the mRNA abundance of 24 immune-related genes from different functional categories in twelve developmental stages ranging from fertilized eggs to larval and postlarval stages and also in juveniles. We showed for the first time that the main genes from the RNAi-based post-transcriptional pathway involved in shrimp antiviral immunity are transcribed in all developmental stages, but exhibit a diverse pattern of gene expression during shrimp ontogenesis. On the other hand, hemocyte-expressed genes mainly involved in antimicrobial defenses appeared to be transcribed in larval stages, indicating that hematopoiesis initiates early in development. Moreover, transcript levels of some genes were early detected in fertilized eggs at 0-4 h post-spawning, suggesting a maternal contribution of immune-related transcripts to shrimp progeny. Altogether, our results provide important clues regarding the ontogenesis of hemocytes as well the establishment of antiviral and antimicrobial defenses in shrimp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth L Quispe
- Laboratory of Immunology Applied to Aquaculture, Department of Cell Biology, Embryology and Genetics, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Emily B Justino
- Laboratory of Immunology Applied to Aquaculture, Department of Cell Biology, Embryology and Genetics, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Felipe N Vieira
- Laboratory of Marine Shrimp, Department of Aquaculture, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Michael L Jaramillo
- Laboratory of Immunology Applied to Aquaculture, Department of Cell Biology, Embryology and Genetics, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Rafael D Rosa
- Laboratory of Immunology Applied to Aquaculture, Department of Cell Biology, Embryology and Genetics, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Luciane M Perazzolo
- Laboratory of Immunology Applied to Aquaculture, Department of Cell Biology, Embryology and Genetics, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
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12
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Söderhäll I. Crustacean hematopoiesis. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 58:129-141. [PMID: 26721583 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2015.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2015] [Revised: 12/12/2015] [Accepted: 12/13/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Crustacean hemocytes are important mediators of immune reactions, and the regulation of hemocyte homeostasis is of utmost importance for the health of these animals. This review discusses the current knowledge on the lineages, synthesis and differentiation of hemocytes in crustaceans. Hematopoietic tissues, their origins, and the regulation of hematopoiesis during molting, seasonal variation and infection are discussed. Furthermore, studies concerning the molecular regulation of hemocyte formation in crustaceans are also described, and the different lineages and their molecular markers are discussed and compared with several insect species. Signaling pathways and the regulation of hematopoiesis by transcription factors are typically conserved among these arthropods, whereas cytokines and growth factors are more variable and species specific. However, considering the great diversity among the crustaceans, one should be cautious in drawing general conclusions from studies of only a few species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Söderhäll
- Department of Comparative Physiology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18 A, 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden.
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13
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Apitanyasai K, Amparyup P, Charoensapsri W, Senapin S, Tassanakajon A. Role of Penaeus monodon hemocyte homeostasis associated protein (PmHHAP) in regulation of caspase-mediated apoptosis. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 53:234-243. [PMID: 26111999 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2015.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Revised: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The viral responsive protein, PmHHAP, plays an important role in the control of hemocyte homeostasis in shrimps during viral infection. In this study, we further investigate the role of PmHHAP in the regulation of hemocyte apoptosis. RNA interference (RNAi) mediated gene silencing was used to suppress the PmHHAP expression and the change in hemocyte apoptosis was determined in the knockdown shrimp. Within circulating hemocytes, PmHHAP knockdown increased the number of annexin V-positive apoptotic cells and the combined caspase-3/-7 activity and induced the characteristic apoptotic DNA ladder. Furthermore, PmHHAP down-regulation was accompanied by significantly altered expression of apoptosis-related proteins including the effector caspases, PmCaspase and PmCasp. Yeast two-hybrid and co-immunoprecipitation assays showed that PmHHAP binds to the p20 domain of PmCasp. Moreover, the recombinant PmHHAP protein was able to reduce the caspase activity in the actinomycin D-treated hemocyte cells and rPmCasp-treated hemocyte cells. Taken together, our data indicate that PmHHAP regulates hemocyte homeostasis by inhibits apoptotic cell death through caspase activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kantamas Apitanyasai
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Piti Amparyup
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Paholyothin Road, Klong 1, Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Walaiporn Charoensapsri
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Paholyothin Road, Klong 1, Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Shrimp Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (Centex Shrimp), Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Saengchan Senapin
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Paholyothin Road, Klong 1, Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Shrimp Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (Centex Shrimp), Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Anchalee Tassanakajon
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
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Visetnan S, Supungul P, Tang S, Hirono I, Tassanakajon A, Rimphanitchayakit V. YHV-responsive gene expression under the influence of PmRelish regulation. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 47:572-581. [PMID: 26434714 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2015.09.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Revised: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In animals, infection by Gram-negative bacteria and certain viruses activates the Imd signaling pathway wherein the a NF-κB transcription factor, Relish, is a key regulatory protein for the synthesis of antimicrobial proteins. Infection by yellow head virus (YHV) activates the Imd pathway. To investigate the expression of genes involved in YHV infection and under the influence of PmRelish regulation, RNA interference and suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) are employed. The genes in forward library expressed in shrimp after YHV infection and under the activity of PmRelish were obtained by subtracting the cDNAs from YHV-infected and PmRelish-knockdown shrimp with cDNAs from YHV-infected shrimp. Opposite subtraction gave a reverse library whereby an alternative set of genes under YHV infection and no PmRelish expression were obtained. Nucleotide sequences of 252 and 99 cDNA clones from the forward and reverse libraries, respectively, were obtained and annotated through blast search against the GenBank sequences. Genes involved in defense and homeostasis were abundant in both libraries, 31% and 23% in the forward and reverse libraries, respectively. They were predominantly antimicrobial proteins, proteinases and proteinase inhibitors. The expression of antimicrobial protein genes, ALFPm3, crustinPm1, penaeidin3 and penaeidin5 were tested under PmRelish silencing and Gram-negative bacterium Vibrio harveyi infection. Together with the results using YHV infection previously reported, the expression of penaeidin5 and also penaeidin3 but not ALFPm3 and crustinPm1 were under the regulation of PmRelish in the Imd pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suwattana Visetnan
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phyathai Road, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Premruethai Supungul
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phyathai Road, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani 10120, Thailand
| | - Sureerat Tang
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phyathai Road, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani 10120, Thailand
| | - Ikuo Hirono
- Laboratory of Genome Science, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Konan 4-5-7, Minato, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
| | - Anchalee Tassanakajon
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phyathai Road, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Vichien Rimphanitchayakit
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phyathai Road, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
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15
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Maralit BA, Komatsu M, Hipolito SG, Hirono I, Kondo H. Microarray Analysis of Immunity Against WSSV in Response to Injection of Non-specific Long dsRNA in Kuruma Shrimp, Marsupenaeus japonicus. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2015; 17:493-501. [PMID: 25953417 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-015-9637-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Injection of shrimp with non-specific double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) of diverse lengths, sequences, and base compositions is known to induce non-specific immunity and protect against lethal disease, although the mechanisms are unclear. Previous shrimp studies examined the effects of non-specific RNA on particular pathways, while their global effects have not been examined. To understand the global effects of non-specific RNA in shrimp, we injected kuruma shrimp (Marsupenaeus japonicus) with a dsRNA and a small interfering RNA (siRNA) that is not specific to any gene in the shrimp genome and then examined global gene expression at 24 and 48 h with a microarray. For the non-specific RNA, we chose double-stranded green fluorescent protein (dsGFP) and siGFP because they are commonly used as mock controls and their effects on shrimp have not yet been studied. Injection of PBS was used as a control. The microarray results showed that many genes were up-regulated and some were down-regulated by dsGFP. In addition, dsGFP injection increased survival following WSSV challenge. The changes in expression for several genes were confirmed by quantitative PCR. The up-regulated genes included genes for eight immune-related proteins: c-type lectin 2, hemocyte homeostasis-associated protein, viral responsive protein, fibrinogen-related protein 1, sid-1 like protein, argonaute 2, Dicer 2, and heat shock protein 90. These results show that injection of shrimp with non-specific dsRNA hinders viral accumulation and prevents significant mortalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedict Arias Maralit
- Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Konan 4-5-7, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8477, Japan
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16
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Charoensapsri W, Sangsuriya P, Lertwimol T, Gangnonngiw W, Phiwsaiya K, Senapin S. Laminin receptor protein is implicated in hemocyte homeostasis for the whiteleg shrimp Penaeus (Litopenaeus) vannamei. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 51:39-47. [PMID: 25720979 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2015.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Revised: 02/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Here we show that knockdown of laminin receptor (Lamr) with PvLamr dsRNA in the whiteleg shrimp Penaeus (Litopenaeus) vannamei (Pv) caused a dramatic reduction specifically in hyaline hemocytes prior to death. Since apoptosis was not detected in hemocytes or hematopoietic cells, other possible causes of hemocyte loss were investigated. Reports that suppression of crustacean hematopoietic factor (CHF)-like protein or hemocyte homeostasis-associated protein (HHAP) also reduced shrimp hemocyte counts led us to carry out yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) and co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) assays to test for interactions between Lamr and Pv homologues to these proteins (PvCHF-like and PvHHAP). The assays revealed that Lamr bound to both these homologues, but that the homologues did not bind to each other. Subsequent RT-PCR assays confirmed that PvLamr dsRNA injection significantly reduced expression levels for both PvCHF-like and PvHHAP genes. Further work is needed to determine how interaction among these three proteins can regulate shrimp hemocyte homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walaiporn Charoensapsri
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Shrimp Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Mahidol University, 272 Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Pakkakul Sangsuriya
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Tareerat Lertwimol
- Center of Excellence for Shrimp Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Mahidol University, 272 Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, 272 Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Warachin Gangnonngiw
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Shrimp Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Mahidol University, 272 Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Kornsunee Phiwsaiya
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Shrimp Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Mahidol University, 272 Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Saengchan Senapin
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Shrimp Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Mahidol University, 272 Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, 272 Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
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Lin YC, Chen JC, Chen YY, Yeh ST, Chen LL, Huang CL, Hsieh JF, Li CC. Crowding of white shrimp Litopenaeus vananmei depresses their immunity to and resistance against Vibrio alginolyticus and white spot syndrome virus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 45:104-111. [PMID: 25700787 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2015.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Revised: 02/07/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Immunity parameters and the expression levels of several immune-related proteins, including lipopolysaccharide and β-glucan binding protein (LGBP), peroxinectin (PX), intergin β (IB), prophenoloxidase (proPO) I, proPO II, α2-macroglobulin (α2-M), cytosolic mangangese superoxide dismutase (cytMnSOD), mitochondria manganese superoxide dismutase (mtMnSOD), catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), lysozyme, and penaeidin 3a were examined in white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei reared at stocking densities of 2, 10, 20, 30, and 40 shrimp L(-1) after 3, 6, and 12 h. All immune parameters including haemocyte count, phenoloxidase (PO) activity, respiratory burst (RB), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, lysozyme activity, and haemolymph protein were negatively related to density and time. The PO activity, SOD activity, and lysozyme activity of shrimp reared at 10 shrimp L(-1) after 12 h significantly decreased. The transcript levels of these immune-related proteins were down-regulated in shrimp reared at 20, 30, and 40 shrimp L(-1) after 12 h. Phagocytic activity and clearance efficiency to Vibrio alginolyticus were significantly lower in shrimp reared at 30 and 40 shrimp L(-1) after 12 h. The mortality rates of shrimp reared at 20 and 40 shrimp L(-1) were significantly higher than shrimp reared at 2 shrimp L(-1) over 12-144 h and 12-48 h, respectively. Shrimp reared at high densities (>10 shrimp L(-1)) exhibited decreased resistance against pathogens as evidenced by reductions in immune parameters together with decreased expression levels of immune-related proteins, indicating perturbations of the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Chin Lin
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Life Sciences, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jiann-Chu Chen
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Life Sciences, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Yu-Yuan Chen
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Life Sciences, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Su-Tuen Yeh
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Life Sciences, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Li-Li Chen
- Institute of Marine Biology, College of Life Sciences, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chien-Lun Huang
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Life Sciences, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jen-Fang Hsieh
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Life Sciences, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chang-Che Li
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Life Sciences, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202, Taiwan, ROC
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Hipolito SG, Shitara A, Kondo H, Hirono I. Role of Marsupenaeus japonicus crustin-like peptide against Vibrio penaeicida and white spot syndrome virus infection. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 46:461-469. [PMID: 24929027 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2014.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Revised: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Crustins are important AMP that has been identified in crustaceans. In this study, the role of Marsupenaeus japonicus crustin-like peptide (MjCRS) was examined in vivo by RNA interference (RNAi) using double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). Tissue expression analysis revealed that MjCRS transcripts are expressed in different tissues tested with the highest expression observed in hemocytes. Treatment with double-stranded RNA specific to MjCRS led to a significant reduction of MjCRS transcripts within the hemocytes. When MjCRS was silenced and subsequently infected with Vibrio penaeicida final mortality was significantly higher compared with PBS and dsGFP treated groups. On the other hand, final mortalities of MjCRS silenced and PBS injected groups were not significantly different after infection with white spot virus, however, both are significantly higher compared with dsGFP treated group. V. penaeicida infection significantly decreased MjCRS expression at 3, 6, 12 and 24h followed by significant increase at 48 h post-infection. On the contrary, white spot infection significantly increased MjCRS expression at 6 and 12h and decreased at 48 h post-infection. dsRNA treatment alone decreased total hemocyte counts (THCs) and subsequent V. penaeicida or white spot virus infection further decreased THCs. VP28 gene expression was both similarly increased in PBS injected group and MjCRS silenced group at 24 and 48 h-post infection. Results suggest that MjCRS is involved in antibacterial defense and might not have critical function against viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheryll Grospe Hipolito
- Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Konan 4-5-7, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
| | - Aiko Shitara
- Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Konan 4-5-7, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
| | - Hidehiro Kondo
- Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Konan 4-5-7, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
| | - Ikuo Hirono
- Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Konan 4-5-7, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan.
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Vatanavicharn T, Prapavorarat A, Jaree P, Somboonwiwat K, Tassanakajon A. PmVRP15, a novel viral responsive protein from the black tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon, promoted white spot syndrome virus replication. PLoS One 2014; 9:e91930. [PMID: 24637711 PMCID: PMC3956821 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2013] [Accepted: 02/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Suppression subtractive hybridization of Penaeus monodon hemocytes challenged with white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) has identified the viral responsive gene, PmVRP15, as the highest up-regulated gene ever reported in shrimps. Expression analysis by quantitative real time RT-PCR revealed 9410-fold up-regulated level at 48 h post WSSV injection. Tissue distribution analysis showed that PmVRP15 transcript was mainly expressed in the hemocytes of shrimp. The full-length cDNA of PmVRP15 transcript was obtained and showed no significant similarity to any known gene in the GenBank database. The predicted open reading frame of PmVRP15 encodes for a deduced 137 amino acid protein containing a putative transmembrane helix. Immunofluorescent localization of the PmVRP15 protein revealed it accumulated around the nuclear membrane in all three types of shrimp hemocytes and that the protein was highly up-regulated in WSSV-infected shrimps. Double-stranded RNA interference-mediated gene silencing of PmVRP15 in P. monodon significantly decreased WSSV propagation compared to the control shrimps (injected with GFP dsRNA). The significant decrease in cumulative mortality rate of WSSV-infected shrimp following PmVRP15 knockdown was observed. These results suggest that PmVRP15 is likely to be a nuclear membrane protein and that it acts as a part of WSSV propagation pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tipachai Vatanavicharn
- Applied Analytical Chemistry Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Adisak Prapavorarat
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Phattarunda Jaree
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kunlaya Somboonwiwat
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Anchalee Tassanakajon
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Li S, Zhang X, Sun Z, Li F, Xiang J. Transcriptome analysis on Chinese shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis during WSSV acute infection. PLoS One 2013; 8:e58627. [PMID: 23527000 PMCID: PMC3602427 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0058627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2012] [Accepted: 02/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have discovered a lot of immune-related genes responding to white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) infection in crustacean. However, little information is available in relation to underlying mechanisms of host responses during the WSSV acute infection stage in naturally infected shrimp. In this study, we employed next-generation sequencing and bioinformatic techniques to observe the transcriptome differences of the shrimp between latent infection stage and acute infection stage. A total of 64,188,426 Illumina reads, including 31,685,758 reads from the latent infection group and 32,502,668 reads from the acute infection group, were generated and assembled into 46,676 unigenes (mean length: 676 bp; range: 200-15,094 bp). Approximately 24,000 peptides were predicted and classified based on homology searches, gene ontology, clusters of orthologous groups of proteins, and biological pathway mapping. Among which, 805 differentially expressed genes were identified and categorized into 11 groups based on their possible function. Genes in the Toll and IMD pathways, the Ras-activated endocytosis process, the RNA interference pathway, anti-lipopolysaccharide factors and many other genes, were found to be activated in shrimp from latent infection stage to acute infection stage. The anti-bacterially proPO-activating cascade was firstly uncovered to be probably participated in antiviral process. These genes contain not only members playing function in host defense against WSSV, but also genes utilized by WSSV for its rapid proliferation. In addition, the transcriptome data provides detail information for identifying novel genes in absence of the genome database of shrimp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihao Li
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaojun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Zheng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Fuhua Li
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Jianhai Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
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Chaikeeratisak V, Somboonwiwat K, Tassanakajon A. Shrimp alpha-2-macroglobulin prevents the bacterial escape by inhibiting fibrinolysis of blood clots. PLoS One 2012; 7:e47384. [PMID: 23082160 PMCID: PMC3474810 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0047384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2012] [Accepted: 09/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteomic analysis of the hemocytic proteins of Penaeus monodon (Pm) has previously shown that alpha-2-macroglobulin (A2M) was among the proteins that showed substantially altered expression levels upon Vibrio harveyi infection. Therefore, in this study its potentially important role in the response of shrimp to bacterial infection was further characterized. The yeast two-hybrid system revealed that the receptor binding domain of PmA2M interacted with the carboxyl-terminus of one or both of the transglutaminase type II isoforms, which are key enzymes involved in the shrimp clotting system. In accord with this, PmA2M was found to be localized on the extracellular blood clots and to colocalize with clottable proteins. RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated knockdown of A2M transcript levels reduced the PmA2M transcript levels (∼94%) and significantly reduced the bacterial seizing ability of the clotting system, resulting in an up to 3.3-fold higher number of V. harveyi that systemically disseminated into the circulatory system at 5 min post-infection before subsequent clearance by the immune system. Furthermore, an appearance of PmA2M depleted clots in the presence of V. harveyi strikingly demonstrated fibrinolysis zones surrounding the bacteria. This study provides the first evidence of the vital role of PmA2M in enhancing bacterial sequestration by protecting blood clots against fibrinolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anchalee Tassanakajon
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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22
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Vatanavicharn T, Pongsomboon S, Tassanakajon A. Two plasmolipins from the black tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon and their response to virus pathogens. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2012; 38:389-394. [PMID: 22766100 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2012.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2012] [Revised: 06/21/2012] [Accepted: 06/23/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Two isoforms of plasmolipin were initially identified from the black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) EST database and completed using 50 RACE to reveal complete cDNAs of 558 bp (PmPLP1) and 537 bp(PmPLP2) with 87% nucleotide sequence identity. The deduced amino acid sequences contained four-transmembrane domains and showed the highest amino acid identity (49% and 51%, respectively) to the honey bee (Apis mellifera) chemokine-like factor (CKLF), with a very similar hydrophobic pattern to other plasmolipins. Transcripts of PmPLP1 and PmPLP2 were observed in all tested shrimp tissues with the highest expression levels in the gill and epipodite for PmPLP1 and in the hemocytes and antennal gland for PmPLP2. PmPLP1 transcript levels were significantly upregulated in hemocytes at 24 and 72 h post infection (hpi) with yellow head virus (YHV) (7.4- and 14.7- fold, respectively), but only after 72 hpi by white spot syndrome virus (WSSV). In contrast, PmPLP2 was only slightly (but statistically significant)up-regulated with YHV and WSSV. Thus, PmPLPs have the potential to be a part of viral infection mechanisms or defense response. This is the first characterization of a plasmolipin gene in crustaceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tipachai Vatanavicharn
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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Lin X, Söderhäll K, Söderhäll I. Invertebrate Hematopoiesis: An Astakine-Dependent Novel Hematopoietic Factor. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2011; 186:2073-9. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1001229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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