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Aizawa S, Yamamuro Y. Tyrosinase deficiency impairs social novelty preference in mice. Neuroreport 2024; 35:687-691. [PMID: 38829918 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000002055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Tyrosinase is a rate-limiting enzyme for the biosynthesis of melanin pigment in peripheral tissues, such as skin and the retina. We recently reported the expression and enzymatic activity of tyrosinase as well as its protective effects against oxidative stress-induced protein damage in the mouse brain. The functional role of tyrosinase in the central nervous system, however, remains largely unknown. In the present study, we investigated the involvement of tyrosinase in social behavior in mice. METHODS Pigmented C57BL/10JMsHir (B10) and tyrosinase-deficient albino B10.C- Tyr c /Hir (B10-c) mice were subjected to the three-chamber sociability test to assess sociability and social novelty preference. In addition, we measured the mRNA expression of genes involved in catecholamine metabolism in the hippocampus by real-time quantitative PCR analysis. RESULTS The results obtained showed that tyrosinase deficiency impaired social novelty preference, but not sociability in mice. We also found that the hippocampal expression of genes involved in catecholamine metabolism, such as monoamine oxidase A and catechol-O-methyltransferase , were significantly decreased in tyrosinase-deficient B10-c mice. CONCLUSION These results suggest that tyrosinase activity is functionally involved in the phenotypic expression of social behavior, particularly social novelty preference, in mice. The present study will advance our understanding of the functional role of tyrosinase in the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Aizawa
- Division of Physiology, Department of Zoological Science, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
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2
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da Costa Rodrigues K, da Conceição Oliveira M, Dos Santos BF, de Campos Domingues NL, Fronza MG, Savegnago L, Wilhelm EA, Luchese C. Mechanisms involved in the antidepressant-like action of orally administered 5-((4-methoxyphenyl)thio)benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole (MTDZ) in male and female mice. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2024:10.1007/s00213-024-06647-0. [PMID: 39008059 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-024-06647-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
RATIONALE The compound 5-((4-methoxyphenyl)thio)benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole (MTDZ) has recently been shown to inhibit in vitro acetylcholinesterase activity, reduce cognitive damage, and improve neuropsychic behavior in mice, making it a promising molecule to treat depression. OBJECTIVES This study investigated the antidepressant-like action of MTDZ in mice and its potential mechanisms of action. RESULTS Molecular docking assays were performed and suggested a potential inhibition of monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) by MTDZ. The toxicity study revealed that MTDZ displayed no signs of toxicity, changes in oxidative parameters, or alterations to biochemistry markers, even at a high dose of 300 mg/kg. In behavioral tests, MTDZ administration reduced immobility behavior during the forced swim test (FST) without adjusting the climbing parameter, suggesting it has an antidepressant effect. The antidepressant-like action of MTDZ was negated with the administration of 5-HT1A, 5-HT1A/1B, and 5-HT3 receptor antagonists, implying the involvement of serotonergic pathways. Moreover, the antidepressant-like action of MTDZ was linked to the NO system, as L-arginine pretreatment inhibited its activity. The ex vivo assays indicated that MTDZ normalized ATPase activity, potentially linking this behavior to its antidepressant-like action. MTDZ treatment restricted MAO-A activity in the cerebral cortices and hippocampi of mice, proposing a selective inhibition of MAO-A associated with the antidepressant-like effect of the compound. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that MTDZ may serve as a promising antidepressant agent due to its selective inhibition of MAO-A and the involvement of serotonergic and NO pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karline da Costa Rodrigues
- Research Laboratory in Biochemical Pharmacology (LaFarBio), Neurobiotechnology Research Group (GPN), Center for Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Food Sciences, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Campus Capão do Leão, Pelotas, RS, CEP 96010-900, Brazil
| | - Meliza da Conceição Oliveira
- Research Laboratory in Biochemical Pharmacology (LaFarBio), Neurobiotechnology Research Group (GPN), Center for Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Food Sciences, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Campus Capão do Leão, Pelotas, RS, CEP 96010-900, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Fuzinato Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Organic Catalysis and Biocatalysis, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | | | - Mariana Gallio Fronza
- Graduate Program in Biotechnology (GPN), Technological Development Center, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, RS, CEP 96010-900, Brazil
| | - Lucielli Savegnago
- Graduate Program in Biotechnology (GPN), Technological Development Center, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, RS, CEP 96010-900, Brazil
| | - Ethel Antunes Wilhelm
- Research Laboratory in Biochemical Pharmacology (LaFarBio), Neurobiotechnology Research Group (GPN), Center for Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Food Sciences, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Campus Capão do Leão, Pelotas, RS, CEP 96010-900, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Luchese
- Research Laboratory in Biochemical Pharmacology (LaFarBio), Neurobiotechnology Research Group (GPN), Center for Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Food Sciences, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Campus Capão do Leão, Pelotas, RS, CEP 96010-900, Brazil.
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3
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Castillo-Arellano J, Stryker Z, Wyatt MD, León F. Synthesis and Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitory Activity of Halogenated Flavones. ACS Med Chem Lett 2024; 15:610-618. [PMID: 38746894 PMCID: PMC11089559 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.3c00573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Small molecule neurotransmitters containing amines are metabolized by monoamine oxidase (MAO) in the nervous system. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors are a valuable class of drugs prescribed for the management of neurological disorders, including depression. A series of halogenated flavonoids similar to the dietary flavonoid acacetin were designed as selective MAO-B inhibitors. MAO-A and -B inhibition of 36 halogenated flavones were tested. The halogens (fluorine and chlorine) were placed at positions 5 and 7 on ring A of the flavone scaffold. All compounds were selective MAO-B inhibitors with micro- and nanomolar IC50 values. Compounds 9f, 10a-c, 11a-c, 11g,h, and 11l displayed inhibitory activity toward MAO-B with IC50 values between 16 to 74 nM. We conclude that halogenated flavonoids are promising molecules in pursuit of developing new agents for neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge
I. Castillo-Arellano
- Department
of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Zachary Stryker
- Department
of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Michael D. Wyatt
- Department
of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Francisco León
- Department
of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
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4
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Pu T, Wang J, Wei J, Zeng A, Zhang J, Chen J, Yin L, Li J, Lin TP, Melamed J, Corey E, Gao AC, Wu BJ. Stromal-derived MAOB promotes prostate cancer growth and progression. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadi4935. [PMID: 38335292 PMCID: PMC10857382 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adi4935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) develops in a microenvironment where the stromal cells modulate adjacent tumor growth and progression. Here, we demonstrated elevated levels of monoamine oxidase B (MAOB), a mitochondrial enzyme that degrades biogenic and dietary monoamines, in human PC stroma, which was associated with poor clinical outcomes of PC patients. Knockdown or overexpression of MAOB in human prostate stromal fibroblasts indicated that MAOB promotes cocultured PC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and co-inoculated prostate tumor growth in mice. Mechanistically, MAOB induces a reactive stroma with activated marker expression, increased extracellular matrix remodeling, and acquisition of a protumorigenic phenotype through enhanced production of reactive oxygen species. Moreover, MAOB transcriptionally activates CXCL12 through Twist1 synergizing with TGFβ1-dependent Smads in prostate stroma, which stimulates tumor-expressed CXCR4-Src/JNK signaling in a paracrine manner. Pharmacological inhibition of stromal MAOB restricted PC xenograft growth in mice. Collectively, these findings characterize the contribution of MAOB to PC and suggest MAOB as a potential stroma-based therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianjie Pu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, WA 99202, USA
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, WA 99202, USA
| | - Jing Wei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, WA 99202, USA
| | - Alan Zeng
- Undergraduate Programs, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Jinglong Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, WA 99202, USA
| | - Jingrui Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, WA 99202, USA
| | - Lijuan Yin
- Uro-Oncology Research Program, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Jingjing Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, WA 99202, USA
| | - Tzu-Ping Lin
- Department of Urology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine and Shu-Tien Urological Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Jonathan Melamed
- Department of Pathology, Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Eva Corey
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Allen C. Gao
- Department of Urologic Surgery, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Boyang Jason Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, WA 99202, USA
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5
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Sung J, Kim S, Jung J, Kim TH, Kwon S, Bae HE, Kang MJ, Jose J, Lee M, Pyun JC. Monoamine Oxidase-A (MAO-A) Inhibitors Screened from the Autodisplayed Fv-Antibody Library. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2024; 7:150-160. [PMID: 38230273 PMCID: PMC10789138 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.3c00204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Serotonin-like mimotopes were screened from the Fv-antibody library to be used as inhibitors against monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A). The Fv-antibody [corresponding to the VH region of immunoglobulin G (IgG)] consists of three complementarity-determining regions and four frame regions. The Fv-antibody library was prepared by site-directed mutagenesis of CDR3, which consists of 11 amino acid residues. Three target clones were screened from the Fv-antibody library, and the binding affinity of the screened clones to the monoclonal anti-serotonin antibody was analyzed using fluorescence-activated cell sorting. The screened Fv-antibodies were expressed as soluble proteins fused with green fluorescence protein. Additionally, the screened CDR3 regions (11 residues) of the selected Fv-antibodies were synthesized as peptides with linking amino acid residues. The binding constants (KD) of the three serotonin-like mimotopes (Fv-antibodies and peptides) were estimated using a surface plasmon resonance biosensor. The inhibitory activity (IC50) of the serotonin-like mimotopes (Fv-antibodies and peptides) was estimated separately for MAO-A and MAO-B enzymes and compared with that of conventional inhibitors. Finally, the screened serotonin-like mimotopes were used to treat a cell line (SH-SY5Y, ATCC code: CRL-2266) expressing serotonin receptors. This was done to confirm the following two aspects: (1) the binding of mimotopes to the serotonin receptors on the cell surface and (2) the inhibitory activity of mimotopes against MAO-A enzymes in the cell lysates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong
Soo Sung
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei
University, 50 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Seunghwan Kim
- Division
of Life Sciences, College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Korea
| | - Jaeyong Jung
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei
University, 50 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Tae-Hun Kim
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei
University, 50 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Soonil Kwon
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei
University, 50 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Hyung Eun Bae
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei
University, 50 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Min-Jung Kang
- Korea
Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Korea
| | - Joachim Jose
- Institute
of Pharmaceutical and Medical Chemistry, Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Müenster 48149, Germany
| | - Misu Lee
- Division
of Life Sciences, College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Korea
- Institute
for New Drug Development, Incheon National
University, Incheon 22012, Korea
| | - Jae-Chul Pyun
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei
University, 50 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul 03722, Korea
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6
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Samad N, Manzoor N, Batool A, Noor A, Khaliq S, Aurangzeb S, Bhatti SA, Imran I. Protective effects of niacin following high fat rich diet: an in-vivo and in-silico study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21343. [PMID: 38049514 PMCID: PMC10696033 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48566-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Niacin had long been understood as an antioxidant. There were reports that high fat diet (HFD) may cause psychological and physical impairments. The present study was aimed to experience the effect of Niacin on % growth rate, cumulative food intake, motor activity and anxiety profile, redox status, 5-HT metabolism and brain histopathology in rats. Rats were administered with Niacin at a dose of 50 mg/ml/kg body weight for 4 weeks following normal diet (ND) and HFD. Behavioral tests were performed after 4 weeks. Animals were sacrificed to collect brain samples. Biochemical, neurochemical and histopathological studies were performed. HFD increased food intake and body weight. The exploratory activity was reduced and anxiety like behavior was observed in HFD treated animals. Activity of antioxidant enzymes was decreased while oxidative stress marker and serotonin metabolism in the brain of rat were increased in HFD treated animals than ND fed rats. Morphology of the brain was also altered by HFD administration. Conversely, Niacin treated animals decreased food intake and % growth rate, increased exploratory activity, produced anxiolytic effects, decreased oxidative stress and increased antioxidant enzyme and 5-HT levels following HFD. Morphology of brain is also normalized by the treatment of Niacin following HFD. In-silico studies showed that Niacin has a potential binding affinity with degradative enzyme of 5-HT i.e. monoamine oxidase (MAO) A and B with an energy of ~ - 4.5 and - 5.0 kcal/mol respectively. In conclusion, the present study showed that Niacin enhanced motor activity, produced anxiolytic effect, and reduced oxidative stress, appetite, growth rate, increased antioxidant enzymes and normalized serotonin system and brain morphology following HFD intake. In-silico studies suggested that increase 5-HT was associated with the binding of MAO with Niacin subsequentially an inhibition of the degradation of monoamine. It is suggested that Niacin has a great antioxidant potential and could be a good therapy for the treatment of HFD induced obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noreen Samad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan.
| | - Natasha Manzoor
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan
| | - Ammara Batool
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan
| | - Aqsa Noor
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan
| | - Saima Khaliq
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Science and Technology, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Sana Aurangzeb
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Sheraz Ahmed Bhatti
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan
| | - Imran Imran
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan
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7
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Fares S, El Husseiny WM, Selim KB, Massoud MAM. Modified Tacrine Derivatives as Multitarget-Directed Ligands for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease: Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and Molecular Modeling Study. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:26012-26034. [PMID: 37521639 PMCID: PMC10373466 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
To develop multitarget-directed ligands (MTDLs) as potential treatments for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and to shed light on the effect of the chromene group in designing these ligands, 35 new tacrine-chromene derivatives were designed, synthesized, and biologically evaluated. Compounds 5c and 5d exhibited the most desirable multiple functions for AD; they were strong hAChE inhibitors with IC50 values of 0.44 and 0.25 μM, respectively. Besides, their potent BuChE inhibitory activity was 10- and 5-fold more active than rivastigmine with IC50 = 0.08 and 0.14 μM, respectively. Moreover, they could bind to the peripheral anionic site (PAS), influencing Aβ aggregation and decreasing Aβ-related neurodegeneration, especially compound 5d, which was 8 times more effective than curcumin with IC50 = 0.74 μM and 76% inhibition at 10 μM. Compounds 5c and 5d showed strong BACE-1 inhibition at the submicromolar level with IC50 = 0.38 and 0.44 μM, respectively, which almost doubled the activity of curcumin. They also showed single-digit micromolar inhibitory activity against MAO-B with IC50 = 5.15 and 2.42 μM, respectively. They also had antioxidant activities and showed satisfactory metal-chelating properties toward Fe+2, Zn+2, and Cu+2, inhibiting oxidative stress in AD brains. Furthermore, compounds 5c and 5d showed acceptable relative safety upon normal cells SH-SY5Y and HepG2. It was shown that 5c and 5d were blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetrants by online prediction. Taken together, these multifunctional properties highlight that compounds 5c and 5d can serve as promising candidates for the further development of multifunctional drugs against AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma Fares
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Delta University
For science and Technology, Gamasa 11152, Egypt
| | - Walaa M. El Husseiny
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Khalid B. Selim
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Mohammed A. M. Massoud
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
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8
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Mateev E, Georgieva M, Mateeva A, Zlatkov A, Ahmad S, Raza K, Azevedo V, Barh D. Structure-Based Design of Novel MAO-B Inhibitors: A Review. Molecules 2023; 28:4814. [PMID: 37375370 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28124814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
With the significant growth of patients suffering from neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), novel classes of compounds targeting monoamine oxidase type B (MAO-B) are promptly emerging as distinguished structures for the treatment of the latter. As a promising function of computer-aided drug design (CADD), structure-based virtual screening (SBVS) is being heavily applied in processes of drug discovery and development. The utilization of molecular docking, as a helping tool for SBVS, is providing essential data about the poses and the occurring interactions between ligands and target molecules. The current work presents a brief discussion of the role of MAOs in the treatment of NDs, insight into the advantages and drawbacks of docking simulations and docking software, and a look into the active sites of MAO-A and MAO-B and their main characteristics. Thereafter, we report new chemical classes of MAO-B inhibitors and the essential fragments required for stable interactions focusing mainly on papers published in the last five years. The reviewed cases are separated into several chemically distinct groups. Moreover, a modest table for rapid revision of the revised works including the structures of the reported inhibitors together with the utilized docking software and the PDB codes of the crystal targets applied in each study is provided. Our work could be beneficial for further investigations in the search for novel, effective, and selective MAO-B inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilio Mateev
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University-Sofia, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Maya Georgieva
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University-Sofia, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Alexandrina Mateeva
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University-Sofia, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Alexander Zlatkov
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University-Sofia, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Shaban Ahmad
- Department of Computer Science, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Khalid Raza
- Department of Computer Science, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Vasco Azevedo
- Departamento de Genetica, Ecologia e Evolucao, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Debmalya Barh
- Departamento de Genetica, Ecologia e Evolucao, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
- Institute of Integrative Omics and Applied Biotechnology (IIOAB), Nonakuri, Purba Medinipur 721172, India
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9
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Javid N, Jalil S, Munir R, Zia-ur-Rehman M, Sahar A, Arshad S, Iqbal J. 2,1-Benzothiazine - (quinolin/thiophen)yl hydrazone frameworks as new monoamine oxidase inhibitory agents; synthesis, in vitro and in silico investigation. RSC Adv 2023; 13:1701-1710. [PMID: 36712607 PMCID: PMC9828044 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra07045f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Two series of new 2,1-benzothiazine derivatives have been synthesized by condensation of 4-hydrazono-1-methyl-3,4-dihydro-1H-benzo[c][1,2]thiazine 2,2-dioxide (5) with 2-chloroquinoline-3-carbaldehydes and acetylthiophenes to acquire new heteroaryl ethylidenes 7(a-f) and 9(a-k) in excellent yields. After characterization by FTIR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and elemental analyses, the newly synthesized analogues were investigated against monoamine oxidase enzymes (MAO A and MAO B). The titled compounds exhibited activity in the lower micromolar range among which 9e was the most potent compound against MAO A with IC50 of 1.04 ± 0.01 μM whereas 9h proved to be the most potent derivative against MAO B with an IC50 value of 1.03 ± 0.17 μM. Furthermore, in vitro results were further endorsed by molecular docking studies to determine the interaction between the potent compounds and the enzyme active site. These newly synthesized compounds represent promising hits for the development of safer and potent lead molecules for therapeutic use against depression and other neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noman Javid
- School of Chemistry, University of the PunjabLahore54590Pakistan,Chemistry Department (C-Block), Forman Christian CollegeFerozepur Road LahorePakistan
| | - Saquib Jalil
- Centre for Advanced Drug Research, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad CampusAbbottabad22060Pakistan+92-992-383441+92-992-383591-96
| | - Rubina Munir
- Department of Chemistry, Kinnaird College for WomenLahore 54000Pakistan
| | | | - Amna Sahar
- Department of Chemistry, Kinnaird College for WomenLahore 54000Pakistan
| | - Sara Arshad
- Department of Chemistry, Kinnaird College for WomenLahore 54000Pakistan
| | - Jamshed Iqbal
- Centre for Advanced Drug Research, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad CampusAbbottabad22060Pakistan+92-992-383441+92-992-383591-96
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10
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In Silico Evaluation and In Vitro Determination of Neuroprotective and MAO-B Inhibitory Effects of Pyrrole-Based Hydrazones: A Therapeutic Approach to Parkinson's Disease. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27238485. [PMID: 36500572 PMCID: PMC9737692 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is a huge burden in modern medicinal practice. A serious drawback of current antiparkinsonian therapy is its symptomatic nature. This directed our investigations in the search for new more potent derivatives, affecting not only the loss of dopaminergic neurons but also the oxidative damage of neuronal cells. Thus in vitro neurotoxicity and neuroprotective analysis on a group of N-pyrrolyl hydrazide-hydrazones were performed. The neurotoxicity of the target derivatives was determined on a subcellular level in isolated rat synaptosomes, mitochondria and microsomes determining their effect on cellular vitality, GSH depletion and MDA production. The neuroprotective effects of the evaluated hydrazones were measured in three models of induced oxidative stress: 6-OHDA, t-BuOOH and Fe2+/AA-induced lipid peroxidation. Molecular docking simulations along with in vitro evaluation of MAO-B inhibitory potential of the target molecules were also performed. The results identified the ethyl 5-(4-bromophenyl)-1-(3-hydrazinyl-3-oxopropyl)-2-methyl-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxylate (12) as the most promising compound with the lowest neurotoxicity and highest neuroprotection on all evaluated parameters and inhibiting the hMAOB enzyme by 50%, comparable with the activity of the reference, Selegiline. The compatibility of the in silico and in vitro evaluations is a good prerequisite for these methods to be applied in future assessment of pyrrole-based compounds as anti-Parkinson agents.
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11
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Brain permeable curcumin-based pyrazoline analogs: MAO inhibitory and antioxidant activity. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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12
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Phytoestrogen Coumestrol Selectively Inhibits Monoamine Oxidase-A and Amyloid β Self-Aggregation. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14183822. [PMID: 36145197 PMCID: PMC9502896 DOI: 10.3390/nu14183822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pueraria lobata leaves contain a variety of phytoestrogens, including flavonoids, isoflavonoids, and coumestan derivatives. In this study, we aimed to identify the active ingredients of P. lobata leaves and to elucidate their function in monoamine oxidase (MAO) activation and Aβ self-aggregation using in vitro and in silico approaches. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to elucidate coumestrol as a selective and competitive MAO-A inhibitor. We identified that coumestrol, a coumestan-derivative, exhibited a selective inhibitory effect against MAO-A (IC50 = 1.99 ± 0.68 µM), a key target protein for depression. In a kinetics analysis with 0.5 µg MAO-A, 40–160 µM substrate, and 25 °C reaction conditions, coumestrol acts as a competitive MAO-A inhibitor with an inhibition constant of 1.32 µM. During an in silico molecular docking analysis, coumestrol formed hydrogen bonds with FAD and pi–pi bonds with hydrophobic residues at the active site of the enzyme. Moreover, based on thioflavin-T-based fluorometric assays, we elucidated that coumestrol effectively prevented self-aggregation of amyloid beta (Aβ), which induces an inflammatory response in the central nervous system (CNS) and is a major cause of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Therefore, coumestrol could be used as a CNS drug to prevent diseases such as depression and AD by the inhibition of MAO-A and Aβ self-aggregation.
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13
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Synthesis and human monoamine oxidase inhibitory activity of novel C2-, C3- and C4-substituted phthalonitriles. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2022; 74:128917. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2022.128917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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14
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Prajapati R, Seong SH, Paudel P, Park SE, Jung HA, Choi JS. In Vitro and In Silico Characterization of Kurarinone as a Dopamine D 1A Receptor Antagonist and D 2L and D 4 Receptor Agonist. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:33443-33453. [PMID: 34926894 PMCID: PMC8674921 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c04109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Alterations in the expression and/or activity of brain G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) such as dopamine D1R, D2LR, D3R, and D4R, vasopressin V1AR, and serotonin 5-HT1AR are noted in various neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs). Since studies have indicated that flavonoids can target brain GPCRs and provide neuroprotection via inhibition of monoamine oxidases (hMAOs), our study explored the functional role of kurarinone, an abundant lavandulated flavonoid in Sophora flavescens, on dopamine receptor subtypes, V1AR, 5-HT1AR, and hMAOs. Radioligand binding assays revealed considerable binding of kurarinone on D1R, D2LR, and D4R. Functional GPCR assays unfolded the compound's antagonist behavior on D1R (IC50 42.1 ± 0.35 μM) and agonist effect on D2LR and D4R (EC50 22.4 ± 3.46 and 71.3 ± 4.94 μM, respectively). Kurarinone was found to inhibit hMAO isoenzymes in a modest and nonspecific manner. Molecular docking displayed low binding energies during the intermolecular interactions of kurarinone with the key residues of the deep orthosteric binding pocket and the extracellular loops of D1R, D2LR, and D4R, validating substantial binding affinities to these prime targets. With appreciable D2LR and D4R agonism and D1R antagonism, kurarinone might be a potential compound that can alleviate clinical symptoms of Parkinson's disease and other NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritu Prajapati
- Department
of Food and Life Science, Pukyong National
University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Hui Seong
- Department
of Food and Life Science, Pukyong National
University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
- Natural
Products Research Division, Honam National
Institute of Biological Resource, Mokpo 58762, Republic
of Korea
| | - Pradeep Paudel
- Department
of Food and Life Science, Pukyong National
University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
- National
Center for Natural Products Research, The
University of Mississippi, Oxford, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Se Eun Park
- Department
of Food and Life Science, Pukyong National
University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
- Department
of Biomedical Science, Asan Medical Institute
of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul 05505, Republic
of Korea
| | - Hyun Ah Jung
- Department
of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Jeonbuk
National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Sue Choi
- Department
of Food and Life Science, Pukyong National
University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
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15
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High-Throughput Screening and Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Natural Product-like Compounds against Alzheimer's Disease through Multitarget Approach. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14090937. [PMID: 34577637 PMCID: PMC8466787 DOI: 10.3390/ph14090937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurological disorder that affects 50 million people. Despite this, only two classes of medication have been approved by the FDA. Therefore, we have planned to develop therapeutics by multitarget approach. We have explored the library of 2029 natural product-like compounds for their multi-targeting potential against AD by inhibiting AChE, BChE (cholinergic pathway) MAO-A, and MOA-B (oxidative stress pathway) through in silico high-throughput screening and molecular dynamics simulation. Based on the binding energy of these target enzymes, approximately 189 compounds exhibited a score of less than −10 kcal/mol against all targets. However, none of the control inhibitors exhibited a binding affinity of less than −10 kcal/mol. Among these, the top 10 hits of compounds against all four targets were selected for ADME-T analysis. As a result, only F0850-4777 exhibited an acceptable range of physicochemical properties, drug-likeness, pharmacokinetics, and suitability for BBB permeation with high GI-A and non-toxic effects. The molecular dynamics study confirmed that F0850-4777 remained inside the binding cavity of targets in a stable conformation throughout the simulation and Prime-MM/GBSA study revealed that van der Waals’ energy (ΔGvdW) and non-polar solvation or lipophilic energy (ΔGSol_Lipo) contribute favorably towards the formation of a stable protein–ligand complex. Thus, F0850-4777 could be a potential candidate against multiple targets of two pathophysiological pathways of AD and opens the doors for further confirmation through in vitro and in vivo systems.
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16
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Kumar S, Nair AS, Bhashkar V, Sudevan ST, Koyiparambath VP, Khames A, Abdelgawad MA, Mathew B. Navigating into the Chemical Space of Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors by Artificial Intelligence and Cheminformatics Approach. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:23399-23411. [PMID: 34549139 PMCID: PMC8444296 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c03250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The monoamine oxidase (MAO) enzyme class is a prevalent target for many neurodegenerative and depressive disorders. Even though scrutinization of many promising drugs for the treatment of MAO inhibition has been carried out in recent times, a conclusive structural requirement for potent activity needs to be developed. Numerous approaches have been examined for the identification of structural features for potent MAO inhibitors (MAOIs) that mainly involve an array of computational studies, synthetic approaches, and biological evaluation. In this paper, we have analyzed ∼2200 well-known MAOIs to expand perceptions in the chemical space of MAOIs. The physicochemical properties of the MAOIs disclosed a discernible hydrophobic feature making a bunch discrete from the central nervous system (CNS) acting drugs, as exposed using the principal component analysis (PCA). The Murcko scaffold structure study revealed unfavorable and favorable scaffold structures, in both data sets, with the highest biological activity shown by the 3-phenyl-2H-chromen-2-one scaffold. This scaffold showed a polypharmacological effect. R-group disintegration and automatic structure-activity relationship (SAR) study resulted in identification of substructures responsible for the inhibitory bioactivity of the MAO-A and MAO-B enzymes. Moreover, with activity cliff analysis, significant biological activity was detected by simple molecular conversion in the chemical compound structure. In addition, we used the machine learning tool to generate a hypothesis wherein pyrazole, benzene ring, and amide containing structural functionalities can exhibit potential biological activities. This hypothesis revealed that CNS target drugs, C4155, C13390, C21265, C43862, C31524, C24810, C37100, C42075, and C43644, could be repurposed as valuable candidates for the MAO-B enzyme. For researchers, this study will bring new perceptions in the discovery and development of MAOIs and direct lead and hit optimization for the progress of small molecules beneficial for MAO-targeting associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kumar
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Analysis, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi 682041, India
| | - Aathira Sujathan Nair
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Analysis, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi 682041, India
| | - Vaishnav Bhashkar
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Analysis, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi 682041, India
| | - Sachithra Thazhathuveedu Sudevan
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Analysis, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi 682041, India
| | - Vishal Payyalot Koyiparambath
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Analysis, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi 682041, India
| | - Ahmed Khames
- Department
of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A. Abdelgawad
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Al Jouf 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bijo Mathew
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Analysis, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi 682041, India
- ,
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17
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El-Halaby LO, El-Husseiny WM, El-Messery SM, Goda FE. Biphenylpiperazine Based MAO Inhibitors: Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, Reversibility and Molecular Modeling Studies. Bioorg Chem 2021; 115:105216. [PMID: 34352710 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In this study, 21 new 1,4-biphenylpiperazine derivatives were designed, synthesized and evaluated as monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors by in vitro fluorometric method. All these compounds exhibited inhibitory activity against hMAO enzymes, 17 analogues of them showed selectivity towards hMAO-B over hMAO-A enzyme. Compound 20 exhibited the best activity and selectivity towards hMAO-B with IC50 value of 53 nM and selectivity index of 1122 folds over MAO-A, compared to the reference drugs rasagiline (IC50 = 66 nM) and selegiline (IC50 = 40 nM). Kinetic study and reversibility test of the most potent compound (20) revealed that it is reversible and mixed competitive inhibitor (Ki value is 17 nM for the inhibition of hMAO-B). Compound 20 was evaluated against normal NIH/3T3 mouse embryonic fibroblast cell lines and it was found that it is non-cytotoxic at its effective concentration against hMAO-B. Moreover, compound 20 and the most potent compounds have acceptable ADME properties and good pharmacokinetics profiles. Molecular docking simulations were performed for explanation and elucidation for the biological activity of compounds 19 and 20. Accordingly, 1,4- biphenylpiperazine derivatives can be considered as a promising lead to produce more potent and safer MAO inhibitors for management of various neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lamiaa O El-Halaby
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, P.O. Box 35516, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Walaa M El-Husseiny
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, P.O. Box 35516, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Shahenda M El-Messery
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, P.O. Box 35516, Mansoura, Egypt.
| | - Fatma E Goda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, P.O. Box 35516, Mansoura, Egypt
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18
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Prajapati R, Park SE, Seong SH, Paudel P, Fauzi FM, Jung HA, Choi JS. Monoamine Oxidase Inhibition by Major Tanshinones from Salvia miltiorrhiza and Selective Muscarinic Acetylcholine M 4 Receptor Antagonism by Tanshinone I. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1001. [PMID: 34356625 PMCID: PMC8301926 DOI: 10.3390/biom11071001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Monoamine oxidases (MAOs) and muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) are considered important therapeutic targets for Parkinson's disease (PD). Lipophilic tanshinones are major phytoconstituents in the dried roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza that have demonstrated neuroprotective effects against dopaminergic neurotoxins and the inhibition of MAO-A. Since MAO-B inhibition is considered an effective therapeutic strategy for PD, we tested the inhibitory activities of three abundant tanshinone congeners against recombinant human MAO (hMAO) isoenzymes through in vitro experiments. In our study, tanshinone I (1) exhibited the highest potency against hMAO-A, followed by tanshinone IIA and cryptotanshinone, with an IC50 less than 10 µM. They also suppressed hMAO-B activity, with an IC50 below 25 µM. Although tanshinones are known to inhibit hMAO-A, their enzyme inhibition mechanism and binding sites have yet to be investigated. Enzyme kinetics and molecular docking studies have revealed the mode of inhibition and interactions of tanshinones during enzyme inhibition. Proteochemometric modeling predicted mAChRs as possible pharmacological targets of 1, and in vitro functional assays confirmed the selective M4 antagonist nature of 1 (56.1% ± 2.40% inhibition of control agonist response at 100 µM). These findings indicate that 1 is a potential therapeutic molecule for managing the motor dysfunction and depression associated with PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritu Prajapati
- Department of Food and Life Science, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea; (R.P.); (S.E.P.); (S.H.S.); (P.P.)
| | - Se Eun Park
- Department of Food and Life Science, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea; (R.P.); (S.E.P.); (S.H.S.); (P.P.)
- Department of Biomedical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, University of Ulsan, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Su Hui Seong
- Department of Food and Life Science, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea; (R.P.); (S.E.P.); (S.H.S.); (P.P.)
- Natural Product Research Division, Honam National Institute of Biological Resource, Mokpo 58762, Korea
| | - Pradeep Paudel
- Department of Food and Life Science, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea; (R.P.); (S.E.P.); (S.H.S.); (P.P.)
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, The University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS 38677, USA
| | - Fazlin Mohd Fauzi
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam 42300, Malaysia;
| | - Hyun Ah Jung
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Jeonbok National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea
| | - Jae Sue Choi
- Department of Food and Life Science, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea; (R.P.); (S.E.P.); (S.H.S.); (P.P.)
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19
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Thentu JB, Bhyrapuneni G, Padala NP, Chunduru P, Pantangi HR, Nirogi R. Evaluation of monoamine oxidase A and B type enzyme occupancy using non-radiolabelled tracers in rat brain. Neurochem Int 2021; 145:105006. [PMID: 33636211 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.105006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Monoamine oxidase (MAO) enzymes, type A and B metabolise the amine neurotransmitters of the body. Selective inhibition of either enzyme is an approach for treating neurodegenerative and stress-induced disorders, and inhibition of an enzyme is proportional to the binding of the MAO inhibitor. Conventionally, the binding of test compounds to enzymes is assessed by radiolabelled ligands in ex vivo and in vivo occupancy assays. Regulatory restrictions and turnaround time are the limitations of the methods that use radiolabelled ligands. But the use of non-radiolabelled tracers and sensitive mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) based assays accelerated the determination of target occupancy in pre-clinical species. A report on use of non-radiolabelled ligand in in vivo MAO occupancy assay is not available. The objectives of the present study were to optimise non-radiolabelled harmine and deprenyl as selective tracers in MAO-A and MAO-B occupancy assays and evaluate MAO occupancy of test compounds in rat brain. Tracer optimisation resulted in a detectable, stable, and low ratio (<3.0) of tracer concentrations between any two brain tissues. In occupancy assay, tracer was intravenously administered (10 μg/kg, harmine or 60 μg/kg, L-deprenyl) after the treatment with test compound (clorgyline or tranylcypromine or pargyline or phenelzine or thioperamide). Specific brain tissues were isolated at a defined interval and tracer concentrations were quantified using LC-MS/MS method. Pre-treatment with MAO inhibitors resulted in a decrease (maximum, 80-85%) in harmine or an increase (maximum, 85-300%) in L-deprenyl concentrations. But we considered the change in tracer concentration, relative to the vehicle and positive control groups to calculate MAO occupancy. The observed selectivity and ratio of occupancies (ED50) of test compound towards MAO-A and MAO-B are comparable with the results from in vitro radiolabelled ligand-based inhibition assay. The results demonstrated the application of these non-radiolabelled tracers as suitable pre-clinical tools to determine MAO occupancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagadeesh Babu Thentu
- Discovery Research, Suven Life Sciences Ltd, Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, India.
| | - Gopinadh Bhyrapuneni
- Discovery Research, Suven Life Sciences Ltd, Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, India.
| | - Nagasurya Prakash Padala
- Discovery Research, Suven Life Sciences Ltd, Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, India.
| | - Prathyusha Chunduru
- Discovery Research, Suven Life Sciences Ltd, Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, India.
| | - Hanumanth Rao Pantangi
- Discovery Research, Suven Life Sciences Ltd, Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, India.
| | - Ramakrishna Nirogi
- Discovery Research, Suven Life Sciences Ltd, Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, India.
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20
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Grzelczyk J, Budryn G, Peña-García J, Szwajgier D, Gałązka-Czarnecka I, Oracz J, Pérez-Sánchez H. Evaluation of the inhibition of monoamine oxidase A by bioactive coffee compounds protecting serotonin degradation. Food Chem 2021; 348:129108. [PMID: 33540300 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) is a major enzyme responsible for the deamination of neurotransmitters such as serotonin (5-HT) in the central nervous system. The decrease in 5-HT levels is accompanied by disorders at the affective and somatic levels, leading to depression and disorders of the satiety center. The aim of this study was to evaluate the degree of MAO-A inhibition by chlorogenic acids, as well as green, light-, and dark-roasted coffee extracts and bioactive compounds from beans of the species Coffea canephora and Coffea arabica. Data for analysis was obtained using isothermal titration calorimetry and molecular docking. The results showed that caffeine and ferulic acid, as well as green Robusta coffee, demonstrated the greatest inhibition of MAO-A activity, which may increase the bioavailability of serotonin. We believe that green coffee shows potential antidepressant activity by inhibiting MAO-A, and may be used for treating depression and potentially, type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Grzelczyk
- Institute of Food Technology and Analysis, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Grażyna Budryn
- Institute of Food Technology and Analysis, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Jorge Peña-García
- Structural Bioinformatics and High-Performance Computing Research Group (BIO-HPC), Computer Science Department, Catholic University of Murcia (UCAM), Guadalupe, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Dominik Szwajgier
- Department of Biotechnology, Microbiology and Human Nutrition, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Ilona Gałązka-Czarnecka
- Institute of Food Technology and Analysis, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Joanna Oracz
- Institute of Food Technology and Analysis, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Horacio Pérez-Sánchez
- Structural Bioinformatics and High-Performance Computing Research Group (BIO-HPC), Computer Science Department, Catholic University of Murcia (UCAM), Guadalupe, Murcia, Spain.
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21
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Costa GP, Dias ÍFC, Fronza MG, Besckow EM, Fetter J, Nascimento JER, Jacob RG, Savegnago L, Bortolatto CF, Brüning CA, Alves D. Synthesis of 2′-(1,2,3-triazoyl)-acetophenones: molecular docking and inhibition of in vitro monoamine oxidase activity. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj04735j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of 2′-(1,2,3-triazoyl)-acetophenones by a CuAAC using thiourea as a ligand, molecular docking and MAO activity analyses were performed.
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22
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Virtual screening and drug repurposing experiments to identify potential novel selective MAO-B inhibitors for Parkinson's disease treatment. Mol Divers 2020; 25:1775-1794. [PMID: 33237524 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-020-10155-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The main study's purpose is to detect novel natural products (NPs) that are potentially selective MAO-B inhibitors and, additionally, to computationally reposition the marketed drugs with a new therapeutic role for Parkinson's disease. To reach the goals, 3D similarity search, docking, ADMETox, and drug repurposing approaches were employed. Thus, an unbiased benchmarking dataset was built including selective and nonselective inhibitors for MAO-B compliant with both ligand- and structure-based virtual screening approaches. A retrospective and prospective mining scenario was applied to SPECS NP and DrugBank databases to detect novel scaffolds with potential benefits for Parkinson's disease patients. Out of the three best selected natural products, cardamomin showed excellently predicted drug-like properties, superior pharmacological profile, and specific interactions with MAO-B active site, indicating a potential selectivity over MAO-B. Two marketed drugs, fenamisal and monobenzone, were proposed as promising candidates repurposed for Parkinson's disease. The application of shape, physicochemical, and electrostatic similarity searches protocol emerged as a plausible solution to explore MAO-B inhibitors selectivity. This protocol might serve as a rewarding tool in early drug discovery and can be extended to other protein targets.
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23
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Tararina MA, Allen KN. Bioinformatic Analysis of the Flavin-Dependent Amine Oxidase Superfamily: Adaptations for Substrate Specificity and Catalytic Diversity. J Mol Biol 2020; 432:3269-3288. [PMID: 32198115 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2020.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The flavin-dependent amine oxidase (FAO) superfamily consists of over 9000 nonredundant sequences represented in all domains of life. Of the thousands of members identified, only 214 have been functionally annotated to date, and 40 unique structures are represented in the Protein Data Bank. The few functionally characterized members share a catalytic mechanism involving the oxidation of an amine substrate through transfer of a hydride to the FAD cofactor, with differences observed in substrate specificities. Previous studies have focused on comparing a subset of superfamily members. Here, we present a comprehensive analysis of the FAO superfamily based on reaction mechanism and substrate recognition. Using a dataset of 9192 sequences, a sequence similarity network, and subsequently, a genome neighborhood network were constructed, organizing the superfamily into eight subgroups that accord with substrate type. Likewise, through phylogenetic analysis, the evolutionary relationship of subgroups was determined, delineating the divergence between enzymes based on organism, substrate, and mechanism. In addition, using sequences and atomic coordinates of 22 structures from the Protein Data Bank to perform sequence and structural alignments, active-site elements were identified, showing divergence from the canonical aromatic-cage residues to accommodate large substrates. These specificity determinants are held in a structural framework comprising a core domain catalyzing the oxidation of amines with an auxiliary domain for substrate recognition. Overall, analysis of the FAO superfamily reveals a modular fold with cofactor and substrate-binding domains allowing for diversity of recognition via insertion/deletions. This flexibility allows facile evolution of new activities, as shown by reinvention of function between subfamilies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita A Tararina
- Program in Biomolecular Pharmacology, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 East Concord Street, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Karen N Allen
- Program in Biomolecular Pharmacology, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 East Concord Street, Boston, MA 02118, USA; Department of Chemistry, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
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24
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Naidoo D, Roy A, Slavětínská LP, Chukwujekwu JC, Gupta S, Van Staden J. New role for crinamine as a potent, safe and selective inhibitor of human monoamine oxidase B: In vitro and in silico pharmacology and modeling. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 248:112305. [PMID: 31639490 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The development of selective inhibitors of monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) has been essential in treating Parkinson's disease. However, the apparent hepatotoxicity and drug-drug interactions of current inhibitors accentuate the need for the development of novel pharmacotherapies. Crossyne guttata (L.) D. & U. Müll-Doblies is used frequently by Rastafarian bush doctors to treat alcoholism, a disorder which is also accentuated by MAO. OBJECTIVE The study sought to isolate, identify and characterise the biologically active constituents of C. guttata based on their ability to inhibit the MAO enzymes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Column chromatography was used to isolate the biologically active alkaloids of C. guttata. The ability of the alkaloids to inhibit the biotransformation of 4-aminoantipyrine by the MAO enzymes was evaluated in vitro. In silico docking was conducted using AutoDock Vina server while the pharmacokinetic properties of the compounds were evaluated using SwissADME. RESULTS Chromatographic separation of an ethanolic fraction of C. guttata yielded the alkaloids crinamine 1 and epibuphanisine 2. 1 and 2 along with structurally related alkaloids haemanthamine 3 and haemanthidine 4 were evaluated for their ability to inhibit the action of isozymes of MAO in vitro. Alkaloids effected submicromolar IC50 values against MAO-B, the most potent of which being crinamine 1 (0.014 μM) > haemanthidine 4 (0.017 μM) > epibuphanisine 2 (0.039 μM) > haemanthamine 3 (0.112 μM). Binding energies of the alkaloids correlated well with their inhibitory potential with crinamine displaying the best binding efficacy and binding energy score with MAO-B. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Crinamine and epibuphanisine exhibited potent and selective inhibitory activity towards MAO-B. After comprehensive in silico investigations encompassing robust molecular docking analysis, the drug-like attributes and safety of the alkaloids suggest the crinamine is a potentially safe drug for human application.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Naidoo
- Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa
| | - A Roy
- Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa
| | - L Poštová Slavětínská
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Flemingovo Nám. 2, 16610 Prague-6, Czech Republic
| | - J C Chukwujekwu
- Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa
| | - S Gupta
- Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa
| | - J Van Staden
- Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa.
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Seong SH, Ali MY, Jung HA, Choi JS. Umbelliferone derivatives exert neuroprotective effects by inhibiting monoamine oxidase A, self-amyloidβ aggregation, and lipid peroxidation. Bioorg Chem 2019; 92:103293. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Paudel P, Seong SH, Shrestha S, Jung HA, Choi JS. In Vitro and in Silico Human Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitory Potential of Anthraquinones, Naphthopyrones, and Naphthalenic Lactones from Cassia obtusifolia Linn Seeds. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:16139-16152. [PMID: 31592482 PMCID: PMC6777294 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b02328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, Cassia seed extract has been reported as a neuroprotective agent in various models of neurodegeneration, mainly via an antioxidant mechanism. However, no one has previously reported the effects of Cassia seed extract and its phytochemicals on human monoamine oxidase (hMAO) enzyme activity. The seed methanol extract, the solvent-soluble fractions, and almost all isolated compounds displayed selective inhibition of hMAO-A isozyme activity. Interestingly, compounds obtusin (3), alaternin (8), aloe-emodin (9), questin (12), rubrofusarin (13), cassiaside (15), toralactone 9-O-β-gentiobioside (26), and (3S)-9,10-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-3-methyl-1-oxo-3,4-dihydro-1H-benzo[g]isochromene-3-carboxylic acid 9-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (38) showed the most promising inhibition of the hMAO-A isozyme with IC50 values of 0.17-11 μM. The kinetic study characterized their mode of inhibition and molecular docking simulation predicted interactions with Ile-335 and Tyr-326 in support of the substrate/inhibitor selectivity in respective isozymes. These results demonstrate that Cassia seed extract and its constituents inhibit hMAO-A enzyme activity with high selectivity and suggest that they could play a preventive role in neurodegenerative diseases, especially anxiety and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep Paudel
- Department
of Food and Life Science, Pukyong National
University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Hui Seong
- Department
of Food and Life Science, Pukyong National
University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Srijan Shrestha
- Department
of Food and Life Science, Pukyong National
University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
- Discipline
of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Science, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Hyun Ah Jung
- Department
of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Chonbuk
National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
- E-mail: . Tel.: +82-63-270-4882. Fax: 82-63-270-3854 (H.A.J.)
| | - Jae Sue Choi
- Department
of Food and Life Science, Pukyong National
University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
- E-mail: . Tel.: +82-51-629-5845. Fax: +82-51-629-5842 (J.S.C.)
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27
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Tandarić T, Vianello R. Computational Insight into the Mechanism of the Irreversible Inhibition of Monoamine Oxidase Enzymes by the Antiparkinsonian Propargylamine Inhibitors Rasagiline and Selegiline. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:3532-3542. [PMID: 31264403 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Monoamine oxidases (MAOs) are flavin adenine dinucleotide containing flavoenzymes that catalyze the degradation of a range of brain neurotransmitters, whose imbalance is extensively linked with the pathology of various neurological disorders. This is why MAOs have been the central pharmacological targets in treating neurodegeneration for more than 60 years. Still, despite this practical importance, the precise chemical mechanisms underlying the irreversible inhibition of the MAO B isoform with clinical drugs rasagiline (RAS) and selegiline (SEL) remained unknown. Here we employed a combination of MD simulations, MM-GBSA binding free energy evaluations, and QM cluster calculations to show the MAO inactivation proceeds in three steps, where, in the rate-limiting first step, FAD utilizes its N5 atom to abstracts a hydride anion from the inhibitor α-CH2 group to ultimately give the final inhibitor-FAD adduct matching crystallographic data. The obtained free energy profiles reveal a lower activation energy for SEL by 1.2 kcal mol-1 and a higher reaction exergonicity by 0.8 kcal mol-1, with the former being in excellent agreement with experimental ΔΔG‡EXP = 1.7 kcal mol-1, thus rationalizing its higher in vivo reactivity over RAS. The calculated ΔGBIND energies confirm SEL binds better due to its bigger size and flexibility allowing it to optimize hydrophobic C-H···π and π···π interactions with residues throughout both of enzyme's cavities, particularly with FAD, Gln206 and four active site tyrosines, thus overcoming a larger ability of RAS to form hydrogen bonds that only position it in less reactive orientations for the hydride abstraction. Offered results elucidate structural determinants affecting the affinity and rates of the inhibition reaction that should be considered to cooperate when designing more effective compounds devoid of untoward effects, which are of utmost significance and urgency with the growing prevalence of brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tana Tandarić
- Computational Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry Group, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Robert Vianello
- Computational Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry Group, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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28
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Jones HBL, Crean RM, Mullen A, Kendrick EG, Bull SD, Wells SA, Carbery DR, MacMillan F, van der Kamp MW, Pudney CR. Exposing the Interplay Between Enzyme Turnover, Protein Dynamics, and the Membrane Environment in Monoamine Oxidase B. Biochemistry 2019; 58:2362-2372. [PMID: 30964996 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.9b00213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
There is an increasing realization that structure-based drug design may show improved success by understanding the ensemble of conformations accessible to an enzyme and how the environment affects this ensemble. Human monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) catalyzes the oxidation of amines and is inhibited for the treatment of both Parkinson's disease and depression. Despite its clinical importance, its catalytic mechanism remains unclear, and routes to drugging this target would be valuable. Evidence of a radical in either the transition state or the resting state of MAO-B is present throughout the literature and is suggested to be a flavin semiquinone, a tyrosyl radical, or both. Here we see evidence of a resting-state flavin semiquinone, via absorption redox studies and electron paramagnetic resonance, suggesting that the anionic semiquinone is biologically relevant. On the basis of enzyme kinetic studies, enzyme variants, and molecular dynamics simulations, we find evidence for the importance of the membrane environment in mediating the activity of MAO-B and that this mediation is related to the protein dynamics of MAO-B. Further, our MD simulations identify a hitherto undescribed entrance for substrate binding, membrane modulated substrate access, and indications for half-site reactivity: only one active site is accessible to binding at a time. Our study combines both experimental and computational evidence to illustrate the subtle interplay between enzyme activity and protein dynamics and the immediate membrane environment. Understanding key biomedical enzymes to this level of detail will be crucial to inform strategies (and binding sites) for rational drug design for these targets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anna Mullen
- School of Chemistry , University of East Anglia , Norwich Research Park , Norwich NR4 7TJ , United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | - Fraser MacMillan
- School of Chemistry , University of East Anglia , Norwich Research Park , Norwich NR4 7TJ , United Kingdom
| | - Marc W van der Kamp
- School of Biochemistry , University of Bristol , Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk , Bristol BS8 1TD , United Kingdom
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29
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Yang Z, Li W, Chen H, Mo Q, Li J, Zhao S, Hou C, Qin J, Su G. Inhibitor structure-guided design and synthesis of near-infrared fluorescent probes for monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) and its application in living cells and in vivo. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:2477-2480. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc10084e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A series of near-infrared fluorescent probes based on inhibitor (clorgyline) structure-guided design were synthesized for the specific detection of MAO-A in cells and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengmin Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Guangxi Normal University
- Guilin 541004
- P. R. China
| | - Wenxiu Li
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Guangxi Normal University
- Guilin 541004
- P. R. China
| | - Hua Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Guangxi Normal University
- Guilin 541004
- P. R. China
| | - Qingyuan Mo
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Guangxi Normal University
- Guilin 541004
- P. R. China
| | - Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Guangxi Normal University
- Guilin 541004
- P. R. China
| | - Shulin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Guangxi Normal University
- Guilin 541004
- P. R. China
| | - Cheng Hou
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Guangxi Normal University
- Guilin 541004
- P. R. China
| | - Jiangke Qin
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Guangxi Normal University
- Guilin 541004
- P. R. China
| | - Guifa Su
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Guangxi Normal University
- Guilin 541004
- P. R. China
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30
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Khalid S, Zahid MA, Ali H, Kim YS, Khan S. Biaryl scaffold-focused virtual screening for anti-aggregatory and neuroprotective effects in Alzheimer's disease. BMC Neurosci 2018; 19:74. [PMID: 30424732 PMCID: PMC6234579 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-018-0472-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a primary cause of dementia in ageing population affecting more than 35 million people around the globe. It is a chronic neurodegenerative disease caused by defected folding and aggregation of amyloid beta (Aβ) protein. Aβ is formed by the cleavage of membrane embedded amyloid precursor protein (APP) by using enzyme ‘transmembrane aspartyl protease, β-secretase’. Inhibition of β-secretase is a viable strategy to prevent neurotoxicity in AD. Another strategy in the treatment of AD is inhibition of acetylcholinesterase. This inhibition reduces the degradation of acetylcholine and temporarily restores the cholinergic function of neurons and improves cognitive function. Monoamine oxidase and higher glutamate levels are also found to be linked with Aβ peptide related oxidative stress. Oxidative stress leads to reduced activity of glutamate synthase resulting in significantly higher level of glutamate in brain. The aim of this study is to perform in silico screening of a virtual library of biaryl scaffold containing compounds potentially used for the treatment of AD. Screening was done against the primary targets of AD therapeutics, acetylcholinesterase, β-secretase (BACE1), Monoamine oxidases (MAO) and N-Methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor. Compounds were screened for their inhibitory potential by employing molecular docking approach using AutoDock vina. Binding energy scores were embodied in the heatmap to display varies strengths of interactions of the ligands targeting AD. Results Several ligands showed notable interaction with at least two targets, but the strong interaction with all the targets is shown by very few ligands. The pharmacokinetics of the interacting ligands was also predicted. The interacting ligands have good drug-likeness and brain availability essential for drugs with intracranial targets. Conclusion These results suggest that biaryl scaffold may be pliable to drug development for neuroprotection in AD and that the synthesis of further analogues to optimize these properties should be considered. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12868-018-0472-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidra Khalid
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ammar Zahid
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.,Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Hussain Ali
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Yeong S Kim
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Salman Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.
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31
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Nath C, Badavath VN, Thakur A, Ucar G, Acevedo O, Mohd Siddique MU, Jayaprakash V. Curcumin-based pyrazoline analogues as selective inhibitors of human monoamine oxidase A. MEDCHEMCOMM 2018; 9:1164-1171. [PMID: 30109004 DOI: 10.1039/c8md00196k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of 2-methoxy-4-(5-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)phenol (pyrazoline) derivatives (2-6) have been synthesized and tested for human monoamine oxidase (hMAO) inhibitory activity. The most active derivative (2) behaved as a competitive hMAO-A inhibitor, with an inhibition constant value of 0.08 μM and a strong hMAO-A selectivity (Ki(hMAO-B)/Ki(hMAO-A) > 1751). In addition, 2 exhibited little to no cytotoxic effects up to a 25 μM concentration and provided the best blood-brain barrier permeability among the derivatives synthesized. Molecular dynamics simulations revealed that a chlorine substituent at the para-position of the phenyl ring in 2 enabled a π-π stacking interaction with Tyr407 and Tyr444 that resulted in the formation of an "aromatic sandwich" structure. Consequently, this tight-binding aromatic cage culminated in a dramatically reduced active site volume that is believed to be the origin of the observed selectivity between the hMAO-A and hMAO-B isozymes. Removal of the chlorine from 2 disrupted the favorable intermolecular interactions and resulted in a selectivity change towards hMAO-B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandrani Nath
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology , Birla Institute of Technology , Mesra , Ranchi-835 215 , Jharkhand , India . ; Tel: +91 9470137264
| | - Vishnu Nayak Badavath
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology , Birla Institute of Technology , Mesra , Ranchi-835 215 , Jharkhand , India . ; Tel: +91 9470137264
| | - Abhishek Thakur
- Department of Chemistry , University of Miami , Coral Gables , Florida 33146 , USA . ; Tel: +1 305 284 5662
| | - Gulberk Ucar
- Department of Biochemistry , Faculty of Pharmacy , Hacettepe University , Sıhhiye 06100 , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Orlando Acevedo
- Department of Chemistry , University of Miami , Coral Gables , Florida 33146 , USA . ; Tel: +1 305 284 5662
| | - Mohd Usman Mohd Siddique
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology , Birla Institute of Technology , Mesra , Ranchi-835 215 , Jharkhand , India . ; Tel: +91 9470137264
| | - Venkatesan Jayaprakash
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology , Birla Institute of Technology , Mesra , Ranchi-835 215 , Jharkhand , India . ; Tel: +91 9470137264
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Tripathi AC, Upadhyay S, Paliwal S, Saraf SK. Privileged scaffolds as MAO inhibitors: Retrospect and prospects. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 145:445-497. [PMID: 29335210 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This review aims to be a comprehensive, authoritative, critical, and readable review of general interest to the medicinal chemistry community because it focuses on the pharmacological, chemical, structural and computational aspects of diverse chemical categories as monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs). Monoamine oxidases (MAOs), namely MAO-A and MAO-B represent an enormously valuable class of neuronal enzymes embodying neurobiological origin and functions, serving as potential therapeutic target in neuronal pharmacotherapy, and hence we have coined the term "Neurozymes" which is being introduced for the first time ever. Nowadays, therapeutic attention on MAOIs engrosses two imperative categories; MAO-A inhibitors, in certain mental disorders such as depression and anxiety, and MAO-B inhibitors, in neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). The use of MAOIs declined due to some potential side effects, food and drug interactions, and introduction of other classes of drugs. However, curiosity in MAOIs is reviving and the recent developments of new generation of highly selective and reversible MAOIs, have renewed the therapeutic prospective of these compounds. The initial section of the review emphasizes on the detailed classification, structural and binding characteristics, therapeutic potential, current status and future challenges of the privileged pharmacophores. However, the chemical prospective of privileged scaffolds such as; aliphatic and aromatic amines, amides, hydrazines, azoles, diazoles, tetrazoles, indoles, azines, diazines, xanthenes, tricyclics, benzopyrones, and more interestingly natural products, along with their conclusive SARs have been discussed in the later segment of review. The last segment of the article encompasses some patents granted in the field of MAOIs, in a simplistic way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avinash C Tripathi
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Babu Banarasi Das Northern India Institute of Technology, Lucknow 226028, UP, India
| | - Savita Upadhyay
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Babu Banarasi Das Northern India Institute of Technology, Lucknow 226028, UP, India
| | - Sarvesh Paliwal
- Pharmacy Department, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, Tonk 304022, Rajasthan, India
| | - Shailendra K Saraf
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Babu Banarasi Das Northern India Institute of Technology, Lucknow 226028, UP, India.
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Dixit VA, Lal LA, Agrawal SR. Recent advances in the prediction of non‐
CYP450
‐mediated drug metabolism. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/wcms.1323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vaibhav A. Dixit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy & Technology Management (SPTM)Shri Vile Parle Kelavani Mandal's (SVKM's), Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies (NMIMS)ShirpurIndia
| | - L. Arun Lal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy & Technology Management (SPTM)Shri Vile Parle Kelavani Mandal's (SVKM's), Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies (NMIMS)ShirpurIndia
| | - Simran R. Agrawal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy & Technology Management (SPTM)Shri Vile Parle Kelavani Mandal's (SVKM's), Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies (NMIMS)ShirpurIndia
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Abstract
Nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds and their derivatives have historically been invaluable as a source of therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anam Ansari
- Steroid Research Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- Aligarh Muslim University
- Aligarh 202 002
- India
| | - Abad Ali
- Steroid Research Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- Aligarh Muslim University
- Aligarh 202 002
- India
| | - Mohd Asif
- Steroid Research Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- Aligarh Muslim University
- Aligarh 202 002
- India
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Fierro A, Edmondson DE, Celis-Barros C, Rebolledo-Fuentes M, Zapata-Torres G. Why p-OMe- and p-Cl-β-Methylphenethylamines Display Distinct Activities upon MAO-B Binding. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0154989. [PMID: 27152414 PMCID: PMC4859490 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0154989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite their structural and chemical commonalities, p-chloro-β-methylphenethylamine and p-methoxy-β-methylphenethylamine display distinct inhibitory and substrate activities upon MAO-B binding. Density Functional Theory (DFT) quantum chemical calculations reveal that β-methylation and para-substitution underpin the observed activities sustained by calculated transition state energy barriers, attained conformations and key differences in their interactions in the enzyme’s substrate binding site. Although both compounds meet substrate requirements, it is clear that β-methylation along with the physicochemical features of the para-substituents on the aromatic ring determine the activity of these compounds upon binding to the MAO B-isoform. While data for a larger set of compounds might lend generality to our conclusions, our experimental and theoretical results strongly suggest that the contrasting activities displayed depend on the conformations adopted by these compounds when they bind to the enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angélica Fierro
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Dale E. Edmondson
- Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - Cristian Celis-Barros
- Universidad Andres Bello, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Departamento de Ciencias Quimicas, Santiago, Chile
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Gerald Zapata-Torres
- Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- * E-mail:
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36
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Kumar B, Sheetal S, Mantha AK, Kumar V. Recent developments on the structure–activity relationship studies of MAO inhibitors and their role in different neurological disorders. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra00302h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of MAO inhibitors as effective drug candidates for the management and/or treatment of different neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhupinder Kumar
- Laboratory of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products
- Central University of Punjab
- Bathinda
- India-151001
| | - Sheetal Sheetal
- Laboratory of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products
- Central University of Punjab
- Bathinda
- India-151001
| | - Anil K. Mantha
- Centre for Animal Sciences
- School of Basic and Applied Sciences
- Central University of Punjab
- Bathinda
- India
| | - Vinod Kumar
- Laboratory of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products
- Central University of Punjab
- Bathinda
- India-151001
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37
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Zapata-Torres G, Fierro A, Barriga-González G, Salgado JC, Celis-Barros C. Revealing Monoamine Oxidase B Catalytic Mechanisms by Means of the Quantum Chemical Cluster Approach. J Chem Inf Model 2015; 55:1349-60. [PMID: 26091526 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.5b00140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Two of the possible catalytic mechanisms for neurotransmitter oxidative deamination by monoamine oxidase B (MAO B), namely, polar nucleophilic and hydride transfer, were addressed in order to comprehend the nature of their rate-determining step. The Quantum Chemical Cluster Approach was used to obtain transition states of MAO B complexed with phenylethylamine (PEA), benzylamine (BA), and p-nitrobenzylamine (NBA). The choice of these amines relies on their importance to address MAO B catalytic mechanisms so as to help us to answer questions such as why BA is a better substrate than NBA or how para-substitution affects substrate's reactivity. Transition states were later validated by comparison with the experimental free energy barriers. From a theoretical point of view, and according to the our reported transition states, their calculated barriers and structural and orbital differences obtained by us among these compounds, we propose that good substrates such as BA and PEA might follow the hydride transfer pathway while poor substrates such as NBA prefer the polar nucleophilic mechanism, which might suggest that MAO B can act by both mechanisms. The low free energy barriers for BA and PEA reflect the preference that MAO B has for hydride transfer over the polar nucleophilic mechanism when catalyzing the oxidative deamination of neurotransmitters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald Zapata-Torres
- †Molecular Graphics Suite, Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Angélica Fierro
- ‡Facultad de Química, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - German Barriga-González
- §Universidad Andres Bello, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Departamento de Ciencias Quimicas, Avenida República 275, 8370146 Santiago, Chile
| | - J Cristian Salgado
- ∥Laboratory of Process Modeling and Distributed Computing, Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Chile, Beauchef 850, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristian Celis-Barros
- §Universidad Andres Bello, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Departamento de Ciencias Quimicas, Avenida República 275, 8370146 Santiago, Chile
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Wu JB, Shao C, Li X, Li Q, Hu P, Shi C, Li Y, Chen YT, Yin F, Liao CP, Stiles BL, Zhau HE, Shih JC, Chung LWK. Monoamine oxidase A mediates prostate tumorigenesis and cancer metastasis. J Clin Invest 2014; 124:2891-908. [PMID: 24865426 DOI: 10.1172/jci70982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2013] [Accepted: 04/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumors from patients with high-grade aggressive prostate cancer (PCa) exhibit increased expression of monoamine oxidase A (MAOA), a mitochondrial enzyme that degrades monoamine neurotransmitters and dietary amines. Despite the association between MAOA and aggressive PCa, it is unclear how MAOA promotes PCa progression. Here, we found that MAOA functions to induce epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and stabilize the transcription factor HIF1α, which mediates hypoxia through an elevation of ROS, thus enhancing growth, invasiveness, and metastasis of PCa cells. Knockdown and overexpression of MAOA in human PCa cell lines indicated that MAOA induces EMT through activation of VEGF and its coreceptor neuropilin-1. MAOA-dependent activation of neuropilin-1 promoted AKT/FOXO1/TWIST1 signaling, allowing FOXO1 binding at the TWIST1 promoter. Importantly, the MAOA-dependent HIF1α/VEGF-A/FOXO1/TWIST1 pathway was activated in high-grade PCa specimens, and knockdown of MAOA reduced or even eliminated prostate tumor growth and metastasis in PCa xenograft mouse models. Pharmacological inhibition of MAOA activity also reduced PCa xenograft growth in mice. Moreover, high MAOA expression in PCa tissues correlated with worse clinical outcomes in PCa patients. These findings collectively characterize the contribution of MAOA in PCa pathogenesis and suggest that MAOA has potential as a therapeutic target in PCa.
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Segura-Aguilar J, Paris I, Muñoz P, Ferrari E, Zecca L, Zucca FA. Protective and toxic roles of dopamine in Parkinson's disease. J Neurochem 2014; 129:898-915. [PMID: 24548101 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.12686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 309] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms causing the loss of dopaminergic neurons containing neuromelanin in the substantia nigra and responsible for motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease are still unknown. The discovery of genes associated with Parkinson's disease (such as alpha synuclein (SNCA), E3 ubiquitin protein ligase (parkin), DJ-1 (PARK7), ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase isozyme L1 (UCHL-1), serine/threonine-protein kinase (PINK-1), leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2), cation-transporting ATPase 13A1 (ATP13A), etc.) contributed enormously to basic research towards understanding the role of these proteins in the sporadic form of the disease. However, it is generally accepted by the scientific community that mitochondria dysfunction, alpha synuclein aggregation, dysfunction of protein degradation, oxidative stress and neuroinflammation are involved in neurodegeneration. Dopamine oxidation seems to be a complex pathway in which dopamine o-quinone, aminochrome and 5,6-indolequinone are formed. However, both dopamine o-quinone and 5,6-indolequinone are so unstable that is difficult to study and separate their roles in the degenerative process occurring in Parkinson's disease. Dopamine oxidation to dopamine o-quinone, aminochrome and 5,6-indolequinone seems to play an important role in the neurodegenerative processes of Parkinson's disease as aminochrome induces: (i) mitochondria dysfunction, (ii) formation and stabilization of neurotoxic protofibrils of alpha synuclein, (iii) protein degradation dysfunction of both proteasomal and lysosomal systems and (iv) oxidative stress. The neurotoxic effects of aminochrome in dopaminergic neurons can be inhibited by: (i) preventing dopamine oxidation of the transporter that takes up dopamine into monoaminergic vesicles with low pH and dopamine oxidative deamination catalyzed by monoamino oxidase (ii) dopamine o-quinone, aminochrome and 5,6-indolequinone polymerization to neuromelanin and (iii) two-electron reduction of aminochrome catalyzed by DT-diaphorase. Furthermore, dopamine conversion to NM seems to have a dual role, protective and toxic, depending mostly on the cellular context. Dopamine oxidation to dopamine o-quinone, aminochrome and 5,6-indolequinone plays an important role in neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease since they induce mitochondria and protein degradation dysfunction; formation of neurotoxic alpha synuclein protofibrils and oxidative stress. However, the cells have a protective system against dopamine oxidation composed by dopamine uptake mediated by Vesicular monoaminergic transporter-2 (VMAT-2), neuromelanin formation, two-electron reduction and GSH-conjugation mediated by Glutathione S-transferase M2-2 (GSTM2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Segura-Aguilar
- Faculty of Medicine, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, ICBM, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Bonaiuto E, Milelli A, Cozza G, Tumiatti V, Marchetti C, Agostinelli E, Fimognari C, Hrelia P, Minarini A, Di Paolo ML. Novel polyamine analogues: From substrates towards potential inhibitors of monoamine oxidases. Eur J Med Chem 2013; 70:88-101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2013] [Revised: 07/09/2013] [Accepted: 07/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Cognitive abnormalities and hippocampal alterations in monoamine oxidase A and B knockout mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:12816-21. [PMID: 23858446 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1308037110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The monoamine oxidase isoenzymes (MAOs) A and B play important roles in the homeostasis of monoaminergic neurotransmitters. The combined deficiency of MAO A and B results in significantly elevated levels of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine), norepinephrine, dopamine, and β-phenylethylamine; in humans and mice, these neurochemical changes are accompanied by neurodevelopmental perturbations as well as autistic-like responses. Ample evidence indicates that normal levels of monoamines in the hippocampus, amygdala, frontal cortex, and cerebellum are required for the integrity of learning and memory. Thus, in the present study, the cognitive status of MAO A/B knockout (KO) mice was examined with a wide array of behavioral tests. In comparison with male wild-type littermates, MAO A/B KO mice exhibited abnormally high and overgeneralized fear conditioning and enhanced eye-blink conditioning. These alterations were accompanied by significant increases in hippocampal long-term potentiation and alterations in the relative expression of NMDA glutamate receptor subunits. Our data suggest that chronic elevations of monoamines, because of the absence of MAO A and MAO B, cause functional alterations that are accompanied with changes in the cellular mechanisms underlying learning and memory. The characteristics exhibited by MAO A/B KO mice highlight the potential of these animals as a useful tool to provide further insight into the molecular bases of disorders associated with abnormal monoaminergic profiles.
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Substrate profiling of cyclohexylamine oxidase and its mutants reveals new biocatalytic potential in deracemization of racemic amines. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 98:1681-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-013-5028-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2013] [Revised: 05/15/2013] [Accepted: 05/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Gaweska HM, Taylor AB, Hart PJ, Fitzpatrick PF. Structure of the flavoprotein tryptophan 2-monooxygenase, a key enzyme in the formation of galls in plants. Biochemistry 2013; 52:2620-6. [PMID: 23521653 DOI: 10.1021/bi4001563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The flavoprotein tryptophan 2-monooxygenase catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of tryptophan to yield indole-3-acetamide. This is the initial step in the biosynthesis of the plant growth hormone indole-acetic acid by bacterial pathogens that cause crown gall and related diseases. The structure of the enzyme from Pseudomonas savastanoi has been determined by X-ray diffraction methods to a resolution of 1.95 Å. The overall structure of the protein shows that it has the same fold as members of the monoamine oxidase family of flavoproteins, with the greatest similarities to the l-amino acid oxidases. The location of bound indole-3-acetamide in the active site allows identification of residues responsible for substrate binding and specificity. Two residues in the enzyme are conserved in all members of the monoamine oxidase family, Lys365 and Trp466. The K365M mutation decreases the kcat and kcat/KTrp values by 60000- and 2 million-fold, respectively. The deuterium kinetic isotope effect increases to 3.2, consistent with carbon-hydrogen bond cleavage becoming rate-limiting in the mutant enzyme. The W466F mutation decreases the kcat value <2-fold and the kcat/KTrp value only 5-fold, while the W466M mutation results in an enzyme lacking flavin and detectable activity. This is consistent with a role for Trp466 in maintaining the structure of the flavin-binding site in the more conserved FAD domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena M Gaweska
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas 78229, USA
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Long S, Chen L, Xiang Y, Song M, Zheng Y, Zhu Q. An activity-based fluorogenic probe for sensitive and selective monoamine oxidase-B detection. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:7164-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc33089j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Gaweska H, Fitzpatrick PF. Structures and Mechanism of the Monoamine Oxidase Family. Biomol Concepts 2011; 2:365-377. [PMID: 22022344 DOI: 10.1515/bmc.2011.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Members of the monoamine oxidase family of flavoproteins catalyze the oxidation of primary and secondary amines, polyamines, amino acids, and methylated lysine side chains in proteins. The enzymes have similar overall structures, with conserved FAD-binding domains and varied substrate-binding sites. Multiple mechanisms have been proposed for the catalytic reactions of these enzymes. The present review compares the structures of different members of the family and the various mechanistic proposals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Gaweska
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229
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Lühken G, Glenske K, Brandt H, Erhardt G. Genetic variation in monoamine oxidase A and analysis of association with behaviour traits in beef cattle. J Anim Breed Genet 2010; 127:411-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0388.2010.00855.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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47
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Chimenti F, Carradori S, Secci D, Bolasco A, Bizzarri B, Chimenti P, Granese A, Yáñez M, Orallo F. Synthesis and inhibitory activity against human monoamine oxidase of N1-thiocarbamoyl-3,5-di(hetero)aryl-4,5-dihydro-(1 H )-pyrazole derivatives. Eur J Med Chem 2010; 45:800-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2009.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2009] [Revised: 10/29/2009] [Accepted: 11/02/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Bortolato M, Chen K, Shih JC. The Degradation of Serotonin: Role of MAO. HANDBOOK OF BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-7339(10)70079-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Oxidation of amines by flavoproteins. Arch Biochem Biophys 2009; 493:13-25. [PMID: 19651103 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2009.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2009] [Revised: 07/27/2009] [Accepted: 07/29/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Many flavoproteins catalyze the oxidation of primary and secondary amines, with the transfer of a hydride equivalent from a carbon-nitrogen bond to the flavin cofactor. Most of these amine oxidases can be classified into two structural families, the D-amino acid oxidase/sarcosine oxidase family and the monoamine oxidase family. This review discusses the present understanding of the mechanisms of amine and amino acid oxidation by flavoproteins, focusing on these two structural families.
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Barakat KH, Torin Huzil J, Luchko T, Jordheim L, Dumontet C, Tuszynski J. Characterization of an inhibitory dynamic pharmacophore for the ERCC1-XPA interaction using a combined molecular dynamics and virtual screening approach. J Mol Graph Model 2009; 28:113-30. [PMID: 19473860 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2009.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2008] [Revised: 04/17/2009] [Accepted: 04/22/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Combination chemotherapy involving Cisplatin is a standard treatment for many cancers. However, following an initial positive response, patients will often relapse, presenting with Cisplatin-resistant disease. One possible mechanism for the acquired resistance to Cisplatin is an increase in DNA repair through the up-regulation of ERCC1, an essential component of the nucleotide excision repair complex. Recruitment of ERCC1 to the site of DNA damage is coordinated through its interaction with a protein known as XPA. As there are currently no effective inhibitors of this interaction, inhibition of the ERCC1/XPA interaction may provide an effective strategy for overcoming the development of Cisplatin-resistant cancers. To discover small molecule inhibitors of this interaction, we have screened both the NCI diversity set of ligands and DrugBank-small molecules against the XPA binding site in ERCC1. These compounds were screened using two different techniques in AUTODOCK to account for receptor flexibility. First, using a set of flexible residues, as determined from MD simulations of the XPA/ERCC1 complex and second, using the relaxed complex scheme implemented by performing independent docking experiments against an ensemble of target conformations that were generated from MD simulations. Lowest energy poses from the two different methods were then used to construct a pharmacophore model, which was then validated by comparison to UCN-01, a weak inhibitor of ERCC1 mediated nucleotide excision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled H Barakat
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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