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Atkinson-Leadbeater K, Bertolesi GE, McFarlane S. Visual input regulates melanophore differentiation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1437613. [PMID: 39228400 PMCID: PMC11368843 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1437613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Developmental processes continue in organisms in which sensory systems have reached functional maturity, however, little research has focused on the influence of sensory input on cell and tissue development. Here, we explored the influence of visual system activity on the development of skin melanophores in Xenopus laevis. Methods Melanophore number was measured in X. laevis larvae after the manipulation of visual input through eye removal (enucleation) and/or incubation on a white or black substrate at the time when the visual system becomes functional (stage 40). To determine the developmental process impacted by visual input, migration, proliferation and differentiation of melanophores was assessed. Finally, the role of melatonin in driving melanophore differentiation was explored. Results Enucleating, or maintaining stage 40 larvae on a black background, results in a pronounced increase in melanophore number in the perioptic region within 24 h. Time lapse analysis revealed that in enucleated larvae new melanophores appear through gradual increase in pigmentation, suggesting unpigmented cells in the perioptic region differentiate into mature melanophores upon reduced visual input. In support, we observed increased expression of melanization genes tyr, tyrp1, and pmel in the perioptic region of enucleated or black background-reared larvae. Conversely, maintaining larvae in full light suppresses melanophore differentiation. Interestingly, an extra-pineal melatonin signal was found to be sufficient and necessary to promote the transition to differentiated melanophores. Discussion In this study, we found that at the time when the visual system becomes functional, X. laevis larvae possess a population of undifferentiated melanophores that can respond rapidly to changes in the external light environment by undergoing differentiation. Thus, we propose a novel mechanism of environmental influence where external sensory signals influence cell differentiation in a manner that would favor survival.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gabriel E. Bertolesi
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Sarah McFarlane
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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Monmai C, Kim JS, Baek SH. Resveratrol-Enriched Rice Callus Extract Inhibits Oxidative and Cellular Melanogenic Activities in Melan-A Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:625. [PMID: 38929064 PMCID: PMC11201182 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13060625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The excessive production of melanin can cause skin diseases and hyperpigmentation. In this study, resveratrol contained in Dongjin rice seed (DJ526) was increased through callus induction. The antioxidant capacity of resveratrol-enriched rice callus was evaluated using the ABTS radical scavenging method and was equivalent to that of vitamin C. DJ526 rice callus extract significantly increased antioxidant activities in a concentration-dependent manner. The anti-melanogenesis effects of DJ526 rice callus extract were also evaluated in melan-a cells. Resveratrol-enriched rice callus extract significantly (i) decreased the size and number of melanin-containing cells, (ii) suppressed the activity of cellular tyrosinase and melanin content, (iii) downregulated the expression of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor, tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein-1, and tyrosinase-related protein-2, (iv) increased the expression of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 and protein kinase B, and (v) inhibited the activation of phosphorylated p38 in melan-a cells. From the above observations, DJ526 rice callus extract showed strong antioxidant and anti-melanogenesis activity at the concentration test. These findings indicate the potential of resveratrol-enriched rice callus as a novel agent for controlling hyperpigmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - So-Hyeon Baek
- Department of Agriculture Life Science, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 59722, Republic of Korea; (C.M.); (J.-S.K.)
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Choi BM, Kim M, Hong H, Park TJ, Kim C, Park JS, Chi WJ, Kim SY. Melanin Inhibitory Effect of Tuber himalayense Isolated in Incheon, Korea. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 34:949-957. [PMID: 38480002 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2311.11021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
There has been a growing interest in skin beauty and antimelanogenic products. Melanogenesis is the process of melanin synthesis whereby melanocytes are activated by UV light or hormone stimulation to produce melanin. Melanogenesis is mediated by several enzymes, such as tyrosinase (TYR), microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), tyrosinase-related protein-1 (TRP-1), and TRP-2. In this study, we investigated the effect of Tuber himalayense extract on melanin synthesis in α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH)-treated B16F10 melanoma cells. We confirmed that T. himalayense extract was not toxic to α-MSH-treated B16F10 melanoma cells and exhibited a significant inhibitory effect on melanin synthesis at concentrations of 25, 50, and 100 μg/ml. Additionally, the T. himalayense extract inhibited melanin, TRP-1, TRP-2, tyrosinase, and MITF, which are enzymes involved in melanin synthesis, in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, T. himalayense extract inhibited the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways, such as extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1/2 (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and p38. Therefore, we hypothesized that various components of T. himalayense extract affect multiple factors involved in melanogenesis in B16F10 cells. Our results indicate that T. himalayense extract could potentially be used as a new material for preparing whitening cosmetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byeong Min Choi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Biotechnology, Sunmoon University, Chungnam 31460, Republic of Korea
| | - Minkyeong Kim
- Biodiversity Research Department Species Diversity Research Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon 22689, Korea
| | - Hyehyun Hong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Biotechnology, Sunmoon University, Chungnam 31460, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Jin Park
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Biotechnology, Sunmoon University, Chungnam 31460, Republic of Korea
| | - Changmu Kim
- Biodiversity Research Department Species Diversity Research Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon 22689, Korea
| | - Jin-Soo Park
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Jae Chi
- Biodiversity Research Department Species Diversity Research Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon 22689, Korea
| | - Seung-Young Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Biotechnology, Sunmoon University, Chungnam 31460, Republic of Korea
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4
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Xue H, Feng Z, Yuan P, Qiao L, Lou Q, Zhao X, Ma Q, Wang S, Shen Y, Ye H, Cheng J, Wang J, Wan S, Zhang B, Shi P, Sun X. Restrained Mitf-associated autophagy by Mulberroside A ameliorates osteoclastogenesis and counteracts OVX-Induced osteoporosis in mice. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:80. [PMID: 38360705 PMCID: PMC10869803 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-01847-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone and mineral metabolism homeostasis accounts for the maintenance of normal skeletal remodeling. However, with aging and changes in hormone levels, over-activated osteoclasts disrupt homeostasis, induce osteoporosis, and even cause osteoporotic fractures, leading to an enormous economic burden. Despite the rapid development of pharmacological therapy for osteoporosis, safer and more effective treatments remain to be explored. Here, we demonstrate that Mulberroside A (Mul-A), a natural component extracted from mulberry bark and branches, effectively suppresses osteoclastogenesis in vitro and counteracts bone loss caused by ovariectomy (OVX). The mechanism underlying this effect involves the repression of autophagic flux during osteoclastogenesis by Mul-A, which can be attributed to the restrained expression of microphthalmia-related transcription factor (Mitf) and its nuclear translocation. Importantly, Mitf overexpression partially reverses the inhibitory effects of Mul-A on autophagy and osteoclastogenesis. Moreover, applying two autophagy agonizts, rapamycin and Torin 1, attenuates the osteoclastogenic regulatory role of Mul-A. Collectively, our study demonstrates that Mul-A damages osteoclast differentiation and ameliorates osteoporosis caused by estrogen deficiency by modulation of Mitf-associated autophagy, indicating its therapeutic potential against osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Xue
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhenhua Feng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Putao Yuan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Qiao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiliang Lou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiangde Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qingliang Ma
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shiyu Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yang Shen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huali Ye
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiao Cheng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiying Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuanglin Wan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Boya Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peihua Shi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Xuewu Sun
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
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5
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Lee A, Lim J, Lim JS. Emerging roles of MITF as a crucial regulator of immunity. Exp Mol Med 2024; 56:311-318. [PMID: 38351314 PMCID: PMC10907664 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-024-01175-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), a basic helix-loop-helix leucine zipper transcription factor (bHLH-Zip), has been identified as a melanocyte-specific transcription factor and plays a critical role in melanocyte survival, differentiation, function, proliferation and pigmentation. Although numerous studies have explained the roles of MITF in melanocytes and in melanoma development, the function of MITF in the hematopoietic or immune system-beyond its function in melanin-producing cells-is not yet fully understood. However, there is convincing and increasing evidence suggesting that MITF may play multiple important roles in immune-related cells. Therefore, this review is focused on recent advances in elucidating novel functions of MITF in cancer progression and immune responses to cancer. In particular, we highlight the role of MITF as a central modulator in the regulation of immune responses, as elucidated in recent studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aram Lee
- Department of Biological Science and the Cellular Heterogeneity Research Center, Research Institute of Women's Health, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihyun Lim
- Department of Biological Science and the Cellular Heterogeneity Research Center, Research Institute of Women's Health, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Seok Lim
- Department of Biological Science and the Cellular Heterogeneity Research Center, Research Institute of Women's Health, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 04310, Republic of Korea.
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Elkoshi N, Parikh S, Malcov-Brog H, Parikh R, Manich P, Netti F, Maliah A, Elkoshi H, Haj M, Rippin I, Frand J, Perluk T, Haiat-Factor R, Golan T, Regev-Rudzki N, Kiper E, Brenner R, Gonen P, Dror I, Levi H, Hameiri O, Cohen-Gulkar M, Eldar-Finkelman H, Ast G, Nizri E, Ziv Y, Elkon R, Khaled M, Ebenstein Y, Shiloh Y, Levy C. Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Signaling Delays Skin Pigmentation upon UV Exposure by Mediating MITF Function toward DNA Repair Mode. J Invest Dermatol 2023; 143:2494-2506.e4. [PMID: 37236596 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2023.03.1686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Skin pigmentation is paused after sun exposure; however, the mechanism behind this pausing is unknown. In this study, we found that the UVB-induced DNA repair system, led by the ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) protein kinase, represses MITF transcriptional activity of pigmentation genes while placing MITF in DNA repair mode, thus directly inhibiting pigment production. Phosphoproteomics analysis revealed ATM to be the most significantly enriched pathway among all UVB-induced DNA repair systems. ATM inhibition in mouse or human skin, either genetically or chemically, induces pigmentation. Upon UVB exposure, MITF transcriptional activation is blocked owing to ATM-dependent phosphorylation of MITF on S414, which modifies MITF activity and interactome toward DNA repair, including binding to TRIM28 and RBBP4. Accordingly, MITF genome occupancy is enriched in sites of high DNA damage that are likely repaired. This suggests that ATM harnesses the pigmentation key activator for the necessary rapid, efficient DNA repair, thus optimizing the chances of the cell surviving. Data are available from ProteomeXchange with the identifier PXD041121.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadav Elkoshi
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Shivang Parikh
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Hagar Malcov-Brog
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Roma Parikh
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Paulee Manich
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Francesca Netti
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Avishai Maliah
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Hana Elkoshi
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Majd Haj
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ido Rippin
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Jacob Frand
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Edith Wolfson Medical Center, Holon, Israel
| | - Tomer Perluk
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Edith Wolfson Medical Center, Holon, Israel
| | - Rivi Haiat-Factor
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Edith Wolfson Medical Center, Holon, Israel
| | - Tamar Golan
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Neta Regev-Rudzki
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Biochemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Edo Kiper
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Biochemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ronen Brenner
- Institute of Oncology, Edith Wolfson Medical Center, Holon, Israel
| | - Pinchas Gonen
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Iris Dror
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California Loss Angeles School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Hagai Levi
- The Blavatnik School of Computer Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ofir Hameiri
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Mazal Cohen-Gulkar
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Hagit Eldar-Finkelman
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Gil Ast
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Eran Nizri
- Department of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center Ichilov, Tel Aviv, Israel; Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yael Ziv
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Rani Elkon
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Mehdi Khaled
- INSERM 1186, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Yuval Ebenstein
- School of Chemistry, Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Center for Light-Matter Interaction, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yosef Shiloh
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Carmit Levy
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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Liu CL, Ho TL, Fang SY, Guo JH, Wu CY, Fong YC, Liaw CC, Tang CH. Ugonin L inhibits osteoclast formation and promotes osteoclast apoptosis by inhibiting the MAPK and NF-κB pathways. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 166:115392. [PMID: 37651802 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone loss is a major issue for patients with osteoporosis, arthritis, periodontitis, and bone metastasis; however, anti-resorption drugs used to treat bone loss have been linked to a variety of adverse effects. Helminthostachys zeylanica (L.) Hook, belonging to the family Ophioglossaceae, is commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat inflammation and liver problems. In the current study, ugonin L extracted from H. zeylanica was shown to reduce the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa beta ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclastogenesis in RAW264.7 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Ugonin L treatment also inhibited the mRNA expression of osteoclast markers. Ugonin L was also shown to promote cell apoptosis in mature osteoclasts and suppress RANKL-induced ERK, p38, JNK, and NF-κB activation. Taken together, ugonin L appears to be a promising candidate for the development of novel anti-resorption therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Lin Liu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Neurosurgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Trung-Loc Ho
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shuen-Yih Fang
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Hung Guo
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Neurosurgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ying Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taiwan; Department of Neurosurgery, China Medical University Hsinchu Hospital, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chin Fong
- Department of Sports Medicine, College of Health Care, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, China Medical University Beigang Hospital, Yunlin, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chuang Liaw
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Hsin Tang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hsinchu Hospital, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
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8
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Lee HY, Jung JE, Yim M. Iris Koreana NAKAI Inhibits Osteoclast Formation via p38-Mediated Nuclear Factor of Activated T Cells 1 Signaling Pathway. J Bone Metab 2023; 30:253-262. [PMID: 37718903 PMCID: PMC10509031 DOI: 10.11005/jbm.2023.30.3.253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Iris Koreana NAKAI (IKN) is a flowering perennial plant that belongs to the Iridaceae family. In this study, we aimed to demonstrate the effects of IKN on osteoclast differentiation in vitro and in vivo. We also sought to verify the molecular mechanisms underlying its anti-osteoclastogenic effects. METHODS Osteoclasts were formed by culturing mouse bone marrow macrophage (BMM) cells with macrophage colony-stimulating factor and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL). Bone resorption assays were performed on dentin slices. mRNA expression levels were analyzed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Western blotting was performed to detect protein expression or activation. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced osteoclast formation was performed using a mouse calvarial model. RESULTS In BMM cultures, an ethanol extract of the root part of IKN suppressed RANKL-induced osteoclast formation and bone resorptive activity. In contrast, an ethanol extract of the aerial parts of IKN had a minor effect on RANKL-induced osteoclast formation. Mechanistically, the root part of IKN suppressed RANKL-induced p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation, effectively abrogating the induction of c-Fos and nuclear factor of activated T cells 1 (NFATc1) expression. IKN administration decreased LPS-induced osteoclast formation in a calvarial osteolysis model in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggested that the ethanol extract of the root part of IKN suppressed osteoclast differentiation and function partly by downregulating the p38 MAPK/c-Fos/NFATc1 signaling pathways. Thus, the root part.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwa-Yeong Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji-Eun Jung
- College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mijung Yim
- College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Korea
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9
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de Matos IAF, Fernandes NAR, Cirelli G, de Godoi MA, de Assis LR, Regasini LO, Rossa Junior C, Guimarães-Stabili MR. Chalcone T4 Inhibits RANKL-Induced Osteoclastogenesis and Stimulates Osteogenesis In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087624. [PMID: 37108787 PMCID: PMC10141037 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chalcones are phenolic compounds produced during the biosynthesis of flavonoids that have numerous biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anticancer. In this in vitro study, we investigate a newly synthesized chalcone (Chalcone T4) in the context of bone turnover, specifically on the modulation of osteoclast differentiation and activity and osteoblast differentiation. Murine macrophages (RAW 264.7) and pre-osteoblasts (MC3T3-E1) were used as models of osteoclasts and osteoblasts, respectively. Differentiation and activity osteoclasts were induced by RANKL in the presence and absence of non-cytotoxic concentrations of Chalcone T4, added in different periods during osteoclastogenesis. Osteoclast differentiation and activity were assessed by actin ring formation and resorption pit assay, respectively. Expression of osteoclast-specific markers (Nfatc1, Oscar, Acp5, Mmp-9 and Ctsk) was determined by RT-qPCR, and the activation status of relevant intracellular signaling pathways (MAPK, AKT and NF-kB) by Western blot. Osteoblast differentiation and activity was induced by osteogenic culture medium in the presence and absence of the same concentrations of Chalcone T4. Outcomes assessed were the formation of mineralization nodules via alizarin red staining and the expression of osteoblast-related genes (Alp e Runx2) by RT-qPCR. Chalcone T4 reduced RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation and activity, suppressed Oscar, Acp5 and Mmp-9 expression, and decreased ERK and AKT activation in a dose-dependent manner. Nfact1 expression and NF-kB phosphorylation were not modulated by the compound. Mineralized matrix formation and the expression of Alp and Runx2 by MC3T3-E1 cells were markedly stimulated by Chalcone T4. Collectively, these results demonstrate that Chalcone T4 inhibits in osteoclast differentiation and activity and stimulates osteogenesis, which indicates a promising therapeutic potential in osteolytic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iolanda Augusta Fernandes de Matos
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry of Araraquara, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14801-385, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Giovani Cirelli
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry of Araraquara, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14801-385, SP, Brazil
| | - Mariely Araújo de Godoi
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry of Araraquara, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14801-385, SP, Brazil
| | - Letícia Ribeiro de Assis
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto 15054-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Luis Octávio Regasini
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto 15054-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos Rossa Junior
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry of Araraquara, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14801-385, SP, Brazil
| | - Morgana Rodrigues Guimarães-Stabili
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry of Araraquara, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14801-385, SP, Brazil
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10
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Meng B, Yang B, Qu Y, Liu Y, Wu D, Fu C, He Y, Chen X, Liu C, Kou X, Cao Y. Dual Role of Interleukin-20 in Different Stages of Osteoclast Differentiation and Its Osteoimmune Regulation during Alveolar Bone Remodeling. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043810. [PMID: 36835229 PMCID: PMC9961846 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoimmunology mediators are critical to balance osteoblastogenesis and osteoclastogenesis to maintain bone homeostasis. A lot of the osteoimmunology mediators are regulated by interleukin-20 (IL-20). However, little is known about the role of IL-20 in bone remodeling. Here, we showed that IL-20 expression was correlated with osteoclast (OC) activity in remodeled alveolar bone during orthodontic tooth movement (OTM). Ovariectomize (OVX) in rats promoted OC activity and enhanced IL-20 expression, while blocking OC inhibited IL-20 expression in osteoclasts. In vitro, IL-20 treatment promoted survival, inhibited apoptosis of the preosteoclast at the early stages of osteoclast differentiation, and boosted the formation of osteoclasts and their bone resorption function at the late stages. More importantly, anti-IL-20 antibody treatment blocked IL-20-induced osteoclastogenesis and the subsequent bone resorption function. Mechanistically, we showed that IL-20 synergistically acts with RANKL to activate the NF-κB signaling pathway to promote the expression of c-Fos and NFATc1 to promote osteoclastogenesis. Moreover, we found that local injection of IL-20 or anti-IL-20 antibody enhanced osteoclast activity and accelerated OTM in rats, while blocking IL-20 reversed this phenomenon. This study revealed a previously unknown role of IL-20 in regulating alveolar bone remodeling and implies the application of IL-20 to accelerated OTM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Meng
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, China
- South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Benyi Yang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, China
- South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Yan Qu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, China
- South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Yuanbo Liu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, China
- South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Dongle Wu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, China
- South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Chaoran Fu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, China
- South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Yifan He
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, China
- South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, China
- South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Chufeng Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Xiaoxing Kou
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, China
- South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
- Correspondence: (X.K.); (Y.C.)
| | - Yang Cao
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, China
- South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
- Correspondence: (X.K.); (Y.C.)
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11
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Martina JA, Jeong E, Puertollano R. p38 MAPK-dependent phosphorylation of TFEB promotes monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation. EMBO Rep 2023; 24:e55472. [PMID: 36507874 PMCID: PMC9900348 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202255472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor EB (TFEB) regulates energy homeostasis and cellular response to a wide variety of stress conditions, including nutrient deprivation, oxidative stress, organelle damage, and pathogens. Here we identify S401 as a novel phosphorylation site within the TFEB proline-rich domain. Phosphorylation of S401 increases significantly in response to oxidative stress, UVC light, growth factors, and LPS, whereas this increase is prevented by p38 MAPK inhibition or depletion, revealing a new role for p38 MAPK in TFEB regulation. Mutation of S401 in THP1 cells demonstrates that the p38 MAPK/TFEB pathway plays a particularly relevant role during monocyte differentiation into macrophages. TFEB-S401A monocytes fail to upregulate the expression of multiple immune genes in response to PMA-induced differentiation, including critical cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors. Polarization of M0 macrophages into M1 inflammatory macrophages is also aberrant in TFEB-S401A cells. These results indicate that TFEB-S401 phosphorylation links differentiation signals to the transcriptional control of monocyte differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- José A Martina
- Cell and Developmental Biology CenterNational Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA
| | - Eutteum Jeong
- Cell and Developmental Biology CenterNational Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA
| | - Rosa Puertollano
- Cell and Developmental Biology CenterNational Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA
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12
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Li Z, Liu C, Liu X, Wang N, Gao L, Bao X, Liu S, Xue P. Aucubin Impeded Preosteoclast Fusion and Enhanced CD31 hi EMCN hi Vessel Angiogenesis in Ovariectomized Mice. Stem Cells Int 2022; 2022:5226771. [PMID: 36406003 PMCID: PMC9668463 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5226771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteogenesis is tightly correlated with angiogenesis during the process of bone development, regeneration, and remodeling. In addition to providing nutrients and oxygen for bone tissue, blood vessels around bone tissue also secrete some factors to regulate bone formation. Type H vessels which were regulated by platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) were confirmed to couple angiogenesis and osteogenesis. Recently, preosteoclasts have been identified as the most important source of PDGF-BB. Therefore, inhibiting osteoclast maturation, improving PDGF-BB secretion, stimulating type H angiogenesis, and subsequently accelerating bone regeneration may be potent treatments for bone loss disease. In the present study, aucubin, an iridoid glycoside extracted from Aucuba japonica and Eucommia ulmoides, was found to inhibit bone loss in ovariectomized mice. We further confirmed that aucubin could inhibit the fusion of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)+ preosteoclasts into mature osteoclasts and indirectly increasing angiogenesis of type H vessel. The underlying mechanism is the aucubin-induced inhibition of MAPK/NF-κB signaling, which increases the preosteoclast number and subsequently promotes angiogenesis via PDGF-BB. These results prompted that aucubin could be an antiosteoporosis drug candidate, which needs further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
- Key Orthopaedic Biomechanics Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
- Key Orthopaedic Biomechanics Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology & Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Na Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
- Key Orthopaedic Biomechanics Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Liu Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
- Key Orthopaedic Biomechanics Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Xiaoxue Bao
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
- Key Orthopaedic Biomechanics Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Sijing Liu
- Editorial Department of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Peng Xue
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
- Key Orthopaedic Biomechanics Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
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13
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Mijanović O, Jakovleva A, Branković A, Zdravkova K, Pualic M, Belozerskaya TA, Nikitkina AI, Parodi A, Zamyatnin AA. Cathepsin K in Pathological Conditions and New Therapeutic and Diagnostic Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213762. [PMID: 36430239 PMCID: PMC9698382 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Cathepsin K (CatK) is a part of the family of cysteine proteases involved in many important processes, including the degradation activity of collagen 1 and elastin in bone resorption. Changes in levels of CatK are associated with various pathological conditions, primarily related to bone and cartilage degradation, such as pycnodysostosis (associated with CatK deficiency), osteoporosis, and osteoarthritis (associated with CatK overexpression). Recently, the increased secretion of CatK is being highly correlated to vascular inflammation, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, Wegener granulomatosis, berylliosis, tuberculosis, as well as with tumor progression. Due to the wide spectrum of diseases in which CatK is involved, the design and validation of active site-specific inhibitors has been a subject of keen interest in pharmaceutical companies in recent decades. In this review, we summarized the molecular background of CatK and its involvement in various diseases, as well as its clinical significance for diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olja Mijanović
- Dia-M, LCC, 7 b.3 Magadanskaya Str., 129345 Moscow, Russia
- The Human Pathology Department, Sechenov First Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Ana Branković
- Department of Forensics Engineering, University of Criminal Investigation and Police Studies, Cara Dusana 196, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Kristina Zdravkova
- AD Alkaloid Skopje, Boulevar Alexander the Great 12, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Milena Pualic
- Institute Cardiovascular Diseases Dedinje, Heroja Milana Tepica 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tatiana A. Belozerskaya
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia
| | - Angelina I. Nikitkina
- ArhiMed Clinique for New Medical Technologies, Vavilova St. 68/2, 119261 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alessandro Parodi
- Scientific Center for Translation Medicine, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 354340 Sochi, Russia
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey A. Zamyatnin
- Scientific Center for Translation Medicine, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 354340 Sochi, Russia
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7X, UK
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-9261180220
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14
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Cheng Y, Liu H, Li J, Ma Y, Song C, Wang Y, Li P, Chen Y, Zhang Z. Monascin abrogates RANKL-mediated osteoclastogenesis in RAW264.7 cells via regulating MAPKs signaling pathways. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:950122. [PMID: 35910375 PMCID: PMC9337785 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.950122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoclasts (OCs) are multinucleated cells that play a major role in osteolytic diseases such as osteoporosis. Monascin (Ms) is one of the active substances in the traditional Chinese medicine red yeast rice. Studies have found that red yeast rice can maintain bone health. In this study, the anti-osteoclastogenesis effects of Ms on RANKL-induced RAW264.7 cells were assessed, and the underlying mechanism was investigated. Ms exhibited inhibitory effects on OC differentiation and formation in a dose-dependent manner and suppressed the bone-resorbing activity of mature OCs. Ms blocked OCs-typical genes (c-Fos, NFATc1, CSTK, MMP-9, TRAP, ITG-β3, OSCAR and DC-STAMP). Furthermore, Ms treatment considerably inhibited the activation of MAPKs, JNK and p38. Taken together, Ms suppresses RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis of RAW264.7 cells by restraining MAPKs signaling pathways and is a potential therapeutic option as a novel OC inhibitor to mitigate bone erosion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Cheng
- Institute of Basic Theory, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Haixia Liu
- Institute of Basic Theory, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Li
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Center of Excellence in Tissue Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Clinical Trial of Stem Cell Therapy (BZ0381), Beijing, China
| | - Yujie Ma
- Institute of Basic Theory, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Changheng Song
- Institute of Basic Theory, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhan Wang
- Institute of Basic Theory, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Pei Li
- Institute of Basic Theory, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanjing Chen
- Institute of Basic Theory, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yanjing Chen, ; Zhiguo Zhang,
| | - Zhiguo Zhang
- Institute of Basic Theory, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yanjing Chen, ; Zhiguo Zhang,
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15
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Fu T, Qin X, Ma Y, Yuan XY, Wu S, Ye X, Dang Y. Yohimbine hydrochloride inhibits skin melanin synthesis by regulating wnt/β-catenin and p38/MAPK signal pathways. J Dermatol Sci 2022; 107:17-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2022.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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16
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Ham JR, Son YJ, Lee Y, Lee HJ, Yeo J, Lee MJ, Lee MK. Korean naked waxy barley (saechalssal) extract reduces blood glucose in diabetic mice by modulating the PI3K-Akt-GSK3β pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 150:112976. [PMID: 35447553 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Saechalssal barley is Korea's representative naked waxy barley. This study investigated the anti-diabetic effect of the extract derived from saechalssal and its mechanism. The prethanol extract of saechalssal (SPE) showed greater α-glucosidase inhibitory activity in vitro and a more significant lowering of the postprandial blood glucose levels in normal mice compared to its water extract (SWE). When mice with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) induced by a high-fat diet and streptozotocin were fed SPE (200 mg/kg/day) for six weeks, the fasting blood glucose and serum free fatty acid levels were significantly lower than those of the control group. SPE significantly elevated the hepatic glycogen accumulation with increasing glycogen synthesis-related gene (GYS2 and UGP2) levels compared to the control group. SPE stimulated the expression of the hepatic glycolysis-related genes (GK, PFK1, and PK) and suppressed the gluconeogenesis-related genes (G6Pase, FBP1, and PEPCK). SPE up-regulated the phosphorylation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and protein kinase B (Akt), whereas it down-regulated the phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β) compared to the control. The major flavonoids of SPE were naringin, prunin, and catechin, while its phenolic acids were ferulic acid and vanillic acid. These phytochemical compounds may contribute to the anti-hyperglycemic effects of SPE in diabetes. Overall, these results suggest that SPE has potential anti-diabetic activity through the regulating the PI3K/Akt/GSK3β pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Ri Ham
- Mokpo Marin Food-Industry Research Center, Mokpo 58621, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Jin Son
- Department of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongjin Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jin Lee
- Department of Crop Foundation, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), Rural Development Administration (RDA), Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyoung Yeo
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Ja Lee
- Department of Crop Foundation, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), Rural Development Administration (RDA), Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea.
| | - Mi-Kyung Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea.
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17
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Tuerxuntayi A, Abulikemu T, Niu C. Mechanisms of 4-Dimethylamino-4'-Methoxy Chalcone in Promoting Melanin Synthesis. Nat Prod Commun 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x221086895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aims: Vitiligo, a pigmentation-associated disease, affects 1–2% of the global population andis difficult to treat. The pathogenetic mechanism of vitiligo remains unclear. Vernonia anthelmintica (L.) Willd. extract for vitiligo treatment was initially recorded 300 years ago. Itschalcone compounds are believed to play essential roles in this treatment. In a previous study, chalcones were shown to enhance melanin production and tyrosinase activity inmouse B16 cells. Materials and methods: In this study, the effects were investigated of 4-dimethylamino-4'-methoxy chalcone (DMC) on theexpression of tyrosinase (TYR), tyrosinase-related protein (TRP)-1, tyrosinase-relatedprotein (TRP)-2, and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF)on murine B16 cells. Moreover, the signaling pathways of melanogenesis regulation,and the effects of DMCon the AC/cAMP/PKA/CREB (CREB and p-CREB), p38mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) (MAPK, p-p38 MAPK, ERK andp-ERK), Wnt/β-catenin (β-catenin), and SWI/SNF pathways (SOX-10) proteinexpression levels were examined by Western blot. Results: The data showed that DMCcould promote melanin production by upregulating the p-CREB, p-p38,p-ERK and β-catenin proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Chao Niu
- Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Nantong Chanyoo Pharmatech Co., Ltd, Nantong, China
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18
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Jeon H, Yu J, Hwang JM, Park HW, Yu J, Lee ZW, Kim T, Rho J. 1,3-Dibenzyl-5-Fluorouracil Prevents Ovariectomy-Induced Bone Loss by Suppressing Osteoclast Differentiation. Immune Netw 2022; 22:e43. [DOI: 10.4110/in.2022.22.e43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hyoeun Jeon
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Jungeun Yu
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Jung Me Hwang
- Center for Genomic Integrity, Institute for Basic Science, Ulsan 44919, Korea
| | - Hye-Won Park
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Jiyeon Yu
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | | | - Taesoo Kim
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Korea
| | - Jaerang Rho
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
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Wessely A, Steeb T, Berking C, Heppt MV. How Neural Crest Transcription Factors Contribute to Melanoma Heterogeneity, Cellular Plasticity, and Treatment Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115761. [PMID: 34071193 PMCID: PMC8198848 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous melanoma represents one of the deadliest types of skin cancer. The prognosis strongly depends on the disease stage, thus early detection is crucial. New therapies, including BRAF and MEK inhibitors and immunotherapies, have significantly improved the survival of patients in the last decade. However, intrinsic and acquired resistance is still a challenge. In this review, we discuss two major aspects that contribute to the aggressiveness of melanoma, namely, the embryonic origin of melanocytes and melanoma cells and cellular plasticity. First, we summarize the physiological function of epidermal melanocytes and their development from precursor cells that originate from the neural crest (NC). Next, we discuss the concepts of intratumoral heterogeneity, cellular plasticity, and phenotype switching that enable melanoma to adapt to changes in the tumor microenvironment and promote disease progression and drug resistance. Finally, we further dissect the connection of these two aspects by focusing on the transcriptional regulators MSX1, MITF, SOX10, PAX3, and FOXD3. These factors play a key role in NC initiation, NC cell migration, and melanocyte formation, and we discuss how they contribute to cellular plasticity and drug resistance in melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Wessely
- Department of Dermatology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (A.W.); (T.S.); (C.B.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-European Metropolitan Area of Nuremberg (CCC ER-EMN), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Theresa Steeb
- Department of Dermatology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (A.W.); (T.S.); (C.B.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-European Metropolitan Area of Nuremberg (CCC ER-EMN), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Carola Berking
- Department of Dermatology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (A.W.); (T.S.); (C.B.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-European Metropolitan Area of Nuremberg (CCC ER-EMN), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus Vincent Heppt
- Department of Dermatology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (A.W.); (T.S.); (C.B.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-European Metropolitan Area of Nuremberg (CCC ER-EMN), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-9131-85-35747
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20
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Oppezzo A, Rosselli F. The underestimated role of the microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MiTF) in normal and pathological haematopoiesis. Cell Biosci 2021; 11:18. [PMID: 33441180 PMCID: PMC7805242 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-021-00529-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Haematopoiesis, the process by which a restrained population of stem cells terminally differentiates into specific types of blood cells, depends on the tightly regulated temporospatial activity of several transcription factors (TFs). The deregulation of their activity or expression is a main cause of pathological haematopoiesis, leading to bone marrow failure (BMF), anaemia and leukaemia. TFs can be induced and/or activated by different stimuli, to which they respond by regulating the expression of genes and gene networks. Most TFs are highly pleiotropic; i.e., they are capable of influencing two or more apparently unrelated phenotypic traits, and the action of a single TF in a specific setting often depends on its interaction with other TFs and signalling pathway components. The microphthalmia-associated TF (MiTF) is a prototype TF in multiple situations. MiTF has been described extensively as a key regulator of melanocyte and melanoma development because it acts mainly as an oncogene. Mitf-mutated mice show a plethora of pleiotropic phenotypes, such as microphthalmia, deafness, abnormal pigmentation, retinal degeneration, reduced mast cell numbers and osteopetrosis, revealing a greater requirement for MiTF activity in cells and tissue. A growing amount of evidence has led to the delineation of key roles for MiTF in haematopoiesis and/or in cells of haematopoietic origin, including haematopoietic stem cells, mast cells, NK cells, basophiles, B cells and osteoclasts. This review summarizes several roles of MiTF in cells of the haematopoietic system and how MiTFs can impact BM development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Oppezzo
- CNRS UMR9019, Équipe labellisée La Ligue contre le Cancer, Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805, Villejuif, France. .,Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, 94805, Villejuif, France. .,Université Paris Saclay - Paris Sud, Orsay, France.
| | - Filippo Rosselli
- CNRS UMR9019, Équipe labellisée La Ligue contre le Cancer, Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805, Villejuif, France. .,Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, 94805, Villejuif, France. .,Université Paris Saclay - Paris Sud, Orsay, France.
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21
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Thimmuri D, P A S, N P S, Khan A, Gawali B, Rajdev B, Adhikari C, V R, Sharma P, Naidu V. Hispolon inhibits RANKL induced osteoclast differentiation in vitro. Immunol Lett 2021; 231:35-42. [PMID: 33428992 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2021.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Hispolon (HISP) is a bioactive compound isolated from Phellinu linteus. It has various pharmacological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer. However, its anti-osteoclastogenic activity has not yet been reported. Hence, in the current study, we have explored the anti-osteoclastogenic activity of HISP and elucidated the molecular mechanisms. HISP inhibited the RANKL induced differentiation of RAW 264.7 cells into osteoclasts in a dose-dependent manner. Mechanistic studies showed that HISP inhibited RANKL-mediated activation of NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways in osteoclast precursors RAW 264.7 cells. In addition, Hispolon also downregulated the expression of master transcriptional factors essential for osteoclast differentiation, such as NFATc1 and c-FOS. In conclusion, these findings establish molecular mechanisms behind the anti-osteoclastogenic activity of HISP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Thimmuri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, 40, Balanagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500037, India
| | - Shantanu P A
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Sila Katamur (Halugurisuk), P.O.: Changsari, Dist: Kamrup, Assam, 781101, India
| | - Syamprasad N P
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Sila Katamur (Halugurisuk), P.O.: Changsari, Dist: Kamrup, Assam, 781101, India
| | - Aasiya Khan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, 40, Balanagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500037, India
| | - Basveshwar Gawali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Sila Katamur (Halugurisuk), P.O.: Changsari, Dist: Kamrup, Assam, 781101, India
| | - Bishal Rajdev
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Sila Katamur (Halugurisuk), P.O.: Changsari, Dist: Kamrup, Assam, 781101, India
| | - Chanakya Adhikari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Sila Katamur (Halugurisuk), P.O.: Changsari, Dist: Kamrup, Assam, 781101, India
| | - Ravichandiran V
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Kolkata, No-168 Chunilal Bhawan, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700054, India
| | - Pawan Sharma
- Center for Translational Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Vgm Naidu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Sila Katamur (Halugurisuk), P.O.: Changsari, Dist: Kamrup, Assam, 781101, India.
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22
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Oppezzo A, Bourseguin J, Renaud E, Pawlikowska P, Rosselli F. Microphthalmia transcription factor expression contributes to bone marrow failure in Fanconi anemia. J Clin Invest 2020; 130:1377-1391. [PMID: 31877112 DOI: 10.1172/jci131540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) attrition is considered the key event underlying progressive BM failure (BMF) in Fanconi anemia (FA), the most frequent inherited BMF disorder in humans. However, despite major advances, how the cellular, biochemical, and molecular alterations reported in FA lead to HSC exhaustion remains poorly understood. Here, we demonstrated in human and mouse cells that loss-of-function of FANCA or FANCC, products of 2 genes affecting more than 80% of FA patients worldwide, is associated with constitutive expression of the transcription factor microphthalmia (MiTF) through the cooperative, unscheduled activation of several stress-signaling pathways, including the SMAD2/3, p38 MAPK, NF-κB, and AKT cascades. We validated the unrestrained Mitf expression downstream of p38 in Fanca-/- mice, which display hallmarks of hematopoietic stress, including loss of HSC quiescence, DNA damage accumulation in HSCs, and reduced HSC repopulation capacity. Importantly, we demonstrated that shRNA-mediated downregulation of Mitf expression or inhibition of p38 signaling rescued HSC quiescence and prevented DNA damage accumulation. Our data support the hypothesis that HSC attrition in FA is the consequence of defects in the DNA-damage response combined with chronic activation of otherwise transiently activated signaling pathways, which jointly prevent the recovery of HSC quiescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Oppezzo
- CNRS UMR8200 Equipe Labellisée "La Ligue Contre le Cancer,".,Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Julie Bourseguin
- CNRS UMR8200 Equipe Labellisée "La Ligue Contre le Cancer,".,Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Emilie Renaud
- CNRS UMR8200 Equipe Labellisée "La Ligue Contre le Cancer,".,Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Patrycja Pawlikowska
- CNRS UMR8200 Equipe Labellisée "La Ligue Contre le Cancer,".,Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Filippo Rosselli
- CNRS UMR8200 Equipe Labellisée "La Ligue Contre le Cancer,".,Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
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23
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Gupta R, Janostiak R, Wajapeyee N. Transcriptional regulators and alterations that drive melanoma initiation and progression. Oncogene 2020; 39:7093-7105. [PMID: 33024276 PMCID: PMC7695596 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-01490-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Although melanoma is the least frequent type of skin cancer, it accounts for the majority of skin cancer-related deaths. Large-scale sequencing efforts have led to the classification of melanoma into four major subtypes (i.e., BRAF-mutant, NRAS-mutant, NF1-deficient, and triple wild-type). These sequencing studies have also revealed that melanoma genomes are some of the most mutated genomes of all cancers and therefore have a high neoantigen load. These findings have resulted in the development and clinical use of targeted therapies against the oncogenic BRAF→MEK→ERK pathway and immune checkpoint inhibitors for the treatment of metastatic melanoma. Although some patients with metastatic melanoma benefit immensely from these transformative therapies, others either become resistant or do not respond at all. These clinical challenges have intensified the search for new drug targets and drugs that can benefit patients who are either intrinsically resistant or have acquired resistance to targeted therapies and immunotherapies. Numerous signaling pathways and oncogenic drivers can cause changes in mRNA transcription that in turn drive melanoma initiation and progression. Transcriptional regulation of mRNA expression is necessary to maintain cell identity and cellular plasticity via the regulation of transcription factor expression and function, promoter/enhancer activities, chromatin regulators, and three-dimensional genome organization. Transcriptional deregulation can arise due to genetic and/or non-genetic alterations in the genome. Specifically, these deregulated transcriptional programs can become liabilities for melanoma cells due to their acquired dependencies on these programs for survival, which can be harnessed to develop new therapies for melanoma. In this article, we present an overview of the mechanisms that result in the transcriptional deregulation of mRNA expression in melanoma cells and assess how these changes facilitate melanoma initiation and progression. We also describe how these deregulated transcriptional pathways represent new opportunities for the development of unconventional and potentially impactful treatments for metastatic melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romi Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
| | - Radoslav Janostiak
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Narendra Wajapeyee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
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24
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Epigenetic Regulators Involved in Osteoclast Differentiation. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197080. [PMID: 32992908 PMCID: PMC7583862 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Age related changes to the skeleton, such as osteoporosis, increase the risk of fracture and morbidity in the elderly population. In osteoporosis, bone remodeling becomes unbalanced with an increase in bone resorption and a decrease in bone formation. Osteoclasts are large multinucleated cells that secrete acid and proteases to degrade and resorb bone. Understanding the molecular mechanisms that regulate osteoclast differentiation and activity will provide insight as to how hyper-active osteoclasts lead to pathological bone loss, contributing to diseases such as osteoporosis. Reversible modifications to the DNA such as histone acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation and ubiquitylation alters the access of transcriptional machinery to DNA and regulates gene expression and osteoclast differentiation and activity. It is critical for the management of bone related diseases to understand the role of these chromatin modifying proteins during osteoclast differentiation, as potential therapies targeting these proteins are currently under development.
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25
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Vu HN, Dilshat R, Fock V, Steingrímsson E. User guide to MiT-TFE isoforms and post-translational modifications. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2020; 34:13-27. [PMID: 32846025 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.12922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) is at the core of melanocyte and melanoma fate specification. The related factors TFEB and TFE3 have been shown to be instrumental for transcriptional regulation of genes involved in lysosome biogenesis and autophagy, cellular processes important for mediating nutrition signals and recycling of cellular materials, in many cell types. The MITF, TFEB, TFE3, and TFEC proteins are highly related. They share many structural and functional features and are targeted by the same signaling pathways. However, the existence of several isoforms of each factor and the increasing number of residues shown to be post-translationally modified by various signaling pathways poses a difficulty in indexing amino acid residues in different isoforms across the different proteins. Here, we provide a resource manual to cross-reference amino acids and post-translational modifications in all isoforms of the MiT-TFE family in humans, mice, and zebrafish and summarize the protein accession numbers for each isoform of these factors in the different genomic databases. This will facilitate future studies on the signaling pathways that regulate different isoforms of the MiT-TFE transcription factor family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Nhung Vu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, BioMedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Ramile Dilshat
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, BioMedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Valerie Fock
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, BioMedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Eiríkur Steingrímsson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, BioMedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
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26
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Han J, Wu J, Silke J. An overview of mammalian p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases, central regulators of cell stress and receptor signaling. F1000Res 2020; 9. [PMID: 32612808 PMCID: PMC7324945 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.22092.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The p38 family is a highly evolutionarily conserved group of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) that is involved in and helps co-ordinate cellular responses to nearly all stressful stimuli. This review provides a succinct summary of multiple aspects of the biology, role, and substrates of the mammalian family of p38 kinases. Since p38 activity is implicated in inflammatory and other diseases, we also discuss the clinical implications and pharmaceutical approaches to inhibit p38.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahuai Han
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - Jianfeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - John Silke
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, IG Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3050, Australia
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27
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Lu DZ, Dong W, Feng XJ, Chen H, Liu JJ, Wang H, Zang LY, Qi MC. CaMKII(δ) regulates osteoclastogenesis through ERK, JNK, and p38 MAPKs and CREB signalling pathway. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2020; 508:110791. [PMID: 32173349 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2020.110791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinases (CaMKs) are a group of important molecules mediating calcium signal transmission and have been proved to participate in osteoclastogenesis regulation. CaMKII, a subtype of CaMKs is expressed during osteoclast differentiation, but its role in osteoclastogenesis regulation remains controversial. In the present study, we identified that both mRNA and protein levels of CaMKII (δ) were upregulated in a time-dependent manner during osteoclast differentiation. CaMKII (δ) gene silencing significantly inhibited osteoclast formation, bone resorption, and expression of osteoclast-related genes, including nuclear factor of activated T cells c1 (NFATc1), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), and c-Src. Furthermore, CaMKII (δ) gene silencing downregulated phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), including JNK, ERK, and p38, which were transiently activated by RANKL. Specific inhibitors of ERK, JNK, and p38 also markedly inhibited expression of osteoclast-related genes, osteoclast formation, and bone resorption like CaMKII (δ) gene silencing. Additionally, CaMKII (δ) gene silencing also suppressed RANKL-triggered CREB phosphorylation. Collectively, these data demonstrate the important role of CaMKII (δ) in osteoclastogenesis regulation through JNK, ERK, and p38 MAPKs and CREB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Zhuang Lu
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Stomatology, North China University of Science and Technology, 21, Bohai Road, District of Caofeidian, Tangshan City, 063210, Hebei Province, PR China
| | - Wei Dong
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Stomatology, North China University of Science and Technology, 21, Bohai Road, District of Caofeidian, Tangshan City, 063210, Hebei Province, PR China
| | - Xiao-Jie Feng
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Stomatology, North China University of Science and Technology, 21, Bohai Road, District of Caofeidian, Tangshan City, 063210, Hebei Province, PR China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan City, 063000, Hebei Province, PR China
| | - Juan-Juan Liu
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Stomatology, North China University of Science and Technology, 21, Bohai Road, District of Caofeidian, Tangshan City, 063210, Hebei Province, PR China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Stomatology, North China University of Science and Technology, 21, Bohai Road, District of Caofeidian, Tangshan City, 063210, Hebei Province, PR China
| | - Lu-Yang Zang
- Department of Endocrinology (Section 1), Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan City, 063000, Hebei Province, PR China
| | - Meng-Chun Qi
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Stomatology, North China University of Science and Technology, 21, Bohai Road, District of Caofeidian, Tangshan City, 063210, Hebei Province, PR China.
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Ferguson J, Wilcock DJ, McEntegart S, Badrock AP, Levesque M, Dummer R, Wellbrock C, Smith MP. Osteoblasts contribute to a protective niche that supports melanoma cell proliferation and survival. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2020; 33:74-85. [PMID: 31323160 PMCID: PMC6972519 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.12812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Melanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer; a primary driver of this high level of morbidity is the propensity of melanoma cells to metastasize. When malignant tumours develop distant metastatic lesions the new local tissue niche is known to impact on the biology of the cancer cells. However, little is known about how different metastatic tissue sites impact on frontline targeted therapies. Intriguingly, melanoma bone lesions have significantly lower response to BRAF or MEK inhibitor therapies. Here, we have investigated how the cellular niche of the bone can support melanoma cells by stimulating growth and survival via paracrine signalling between osteoblasts and cancer cells. Melanoma cells can enhance the differentiation of osteoblasts leading to increased production of secreted ligands, including RANKL. Differentiated osteoblasts in turn can support melanoma cell proliferation and survival via the secretion of RANKL that elevates the levels of the transcription factor MITF, even in the presence of BRAF inhibitor. By blocking RANKL signalling, either via neutralizing antibodies, genetic alterations or the RANKL receptor inhibitor SPD304, the survival advantage provided by osteoblasts could be overcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Ferguson
- Manchester Cancer Research Centre, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and HealthThe University of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | - Daniel J. Wilcock
- Manchester Cancer Research Centre, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and HealthThe University of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | - Sophie McEntegart
- Manchester Cancer Research Centre, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and HealthThe University of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | - Andrew P. Badrock
- Manchester Cancer Research Centre, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and HealthThe University of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | - Mitch Levesque
- Department of Dermatology, Universitäts Spital ZürichUniversity of ZürichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Reinhard Dummer
- Department of Dermatology, Universitäts Spital ZürichUniversity of ZürichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Claudia Wellbrock
- Manchester Cancer Research Centre, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and HealthThe University of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | - Michael P. Smith
- Manchester Cancer Research Centre, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and HealthThe University of ManchesterManchesterUK
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Zhang S, Yu J, Wang H, Liu B, Yue X. p38 MAPK is involved in the immune response to pathogenic Vibrio in the clam Meretrix petechialis. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 95:456-463. [PMID: 31669282 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.10.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are involved in the response to various extracellular stimuli via regulating gene expression. In the present study, a p38 MAPK gene (MpP38) was identified from the clam Meretrix petechialis. The full-length cDNA of MpP38 measures 1,720 bp, consisting of a 134-bp 5'-UTR, a 1,095-bp ORF and a 491-bp 3'-UTR. Both the mRNA and protein expression levels of MpP38 increased after Vibrio challenge, implying that MpP38 is involved in clam immunity. Based on our previous study, a transcription factor activated by p38 MAPK, i.e. microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), participated in clam immunity by regulating the expression of phenoloxidase (PO). Coupled with other related reports, the mechanism underlying the involvement of MpP38 in clam immunity is most likely that pathogen stimuli induce the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and thus activate MITF to regulate the expression of the immune-related gene PO. The results obtained in this study support this mechanism. First, we found that the MpP38 phosphorylation level increased in response to Vibrio challenge. Second, as revealed by a yeast two-hybrid assay, there was a direct interaction between MpP38 and MITF. Meanwhile, inhibiting the phosphorylation of MpP38 decreased the phosphorylation level of MpMITF, implying that MpP38 phosphorylation is required for MpMITF activation. Additionally, our results showed that there was a regulatory relationship between MpP38 phosphorylation level and PO expression level. With increased MpP38 phosphorylation level, the PO expression level was also increased after Vibrio challenge; when MpP38 phosphorylation was inhibited, the PO expression level was significantly decreased. This study describes the immune function of p38 MAPK in the clam for the first time and analyses its potential underlying mechanism, which will help to elucidate the immune mechanism in the clam M. petechialis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujing Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cell and Developmental Biology, Anti-aging & Regenerative Medicine Research Institution, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, 255049, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jiajia Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hongxia Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Baozhong Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao, 266000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xin Yue
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao, 266000, China.
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30
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Ko GA, Kang HR, Moon JY, Ediriweera MK, Eum S, Bach TT, Cho SK. Annona squamosa L. leaves inhibit alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) stimulated melanogenesis via p38 signaling pathway in B16F10 melanoma cells. J Cosmet Dermatol 2019; 19:1785-1792. [PMID: 31763737 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.13223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Annona squamosa L. is a branched shrub, which is believed to be originated from the America and West Indies. Fruits of this plant are commonly known as custard apple, sugar apple, or sweetsops. A number of studies have proven a range of biological activities associated with various parts of A. squamosa. AIMS The main aim of the present investigation was to evaluate potential inhibitory effects of A. squamosa leaf extract (ALE) on melanogenesis and its underlying mechanisms in B16F10 murine melanoma cells. METHODS Inhibitory effects of A. squamosa leaf extract (ALE) on melanogenesis were primarily assessed by determining melanin contents. Effects of ALE on tyrosinase activity and the expression of proteins associated with melanogenesis were then determined. GC-MS analysis was carried out to identify the phytochemical profile of A. squamosa leaf extract. RESULTS Antimelanogenic effects of ALE were found to exert through the inhibition of melanocyte inducing transcription factor (MITF) and activation of p38. GC-MS analysis identified ent-kaur-16-en-19-ol, 18-oxokauran-17-yl acetate, and β-sitosterol as major phytochemicals. CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this is the first study on the antimelanogenic effects of A. squamosa leaves, rationalizing the use A. squamosa leaf extract as a natural depigmentation agent for the treatment of skin diseases and the development of cosmetic products with enhanced skin-lightening capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyeong-A Ko
- Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, SARI, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
| | - Hye Rim Kang
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology and Science, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
| | - Jeong Yong Moon
- Subtropical/Tropical Organism Gene Bank, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
| | | | - Sangmi Eum
- International Biological Material Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Tran The Bach
- Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - Somi Kim Cho
- Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, SARI, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea.,Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology and Science, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea.,Subtropical/Tropical Organism Gene Bank, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
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31
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Kim KJ, Lee Y, Son SR, Lee H, Son YJ, Lee MK, Lee M. Water Extracts of Hull-less Waxy Barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) Cultivar 'Boseokchal' Inhibit RANKL-induced Osteoclastogenesis. Molecules 2019; 24:E3735. [PMID: 31623242 PMCID: PMC6832910 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24203735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a disease that leads to reduced bone mineral density. The increase in patient and medical costs because of global aging is recognized as a problem. Decreased bone mass is a common symptom of bone diseases such as Paget's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and multiple myeloma. Osteoclasts, which directly affect bone mass, show a marked increase in differentiation and activation in the aforementioned diseases. Moreover, these multinucleated cells made from monocytes/macrophages under the influence of RANKL and M-CSF, are the only cells capable of resorbing bones. In this study, we found that the water extracts of Boseokchal (BSC-W) inhibited osteoclast differentiation in vitro and investigated its inhibitory mechanism. BSC-W was obtained by extracting flour of Boseokchal using hexane and water. To osteoclast differentiation, bone marrow-derived macrophage cells (BMMs) were cultured with the vehicle (0.1% DMSO) or BSC-W in the presence of M-CSF and RANKL for 4 days. Cytotoxicity was measured by CCK-8. Gene expression of cells was confirmed by real-time PCR. Protein expression of cells was observed by western blot assay. Bone resorption activity of osteoclast evaluated by bone pit formation assay using an Osteo Assay Plate. BSC-W inhibited RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis in a dose-dependent manner without exerting a cytotoxic effect on BMMs. BSC-W decreased the transcriptional and translational expression of c-Fos and NFATc1, which are regulators of osteoclastogenesis and reduced the mRNA expression level of TRAP, DC-STAMP, and cathepsin K, which are osteoclast differentiation marker. Furthermore, BSC-W reduced the resorption activity of osteoclasts. Taken together, our results indicate that BSC-W is a useful candidate for health functional foods or therapeutic agents that can help treat bone diseases such as osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwang-Jin Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Korea.
| | - Yongjin Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Korea.
| | - So-Ri Son
- Department of Biomedical Science and technology, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.
| | - Hyunjin Lee
- Department of Crop Foundation, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), Rural Development Administration (RDA), Wanju 55365, Korea.
| | - Young-Jin Son
- Department of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Korea.
| | - Mi-Kyung Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sunchon National University, Jeonnam, Suncheon 57922, Korea.
| | - Mija Lee
- Department of Crop Foundation, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), Rural Development Administration (RDA), Wanju 55365, Korea.
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Abstract
In this review, Goding and Arnheiter present the current understanding of MITF's role and regulation in development and disease and highlight key areas where our knowledge of MITF regulation and function is limited. All transcription factors are equal, but some are more equal than others. In the 25 yr since the gene encoding the microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) was first isolated, MITF has emerged as a key coordinator of many aspects of melanocyte and melanoma biology. Like all transcription factors, MITF binds to specific DNA sequences and up-regulates or down-regulates its target genes. What marks MITF as being remarkable among its peers is the sheer range of biological processes that it appears to coordinate. These include cell survival, differentiation, proliferation, invasion, senescence, metabolism, and DNA damage repair. In this article we present our current understanding of MITF's role and regulation in development and disease, as well as those of the MITF-related factors TFEB and TFE3, and highlight key areas where our knowledge of MITF regulation and function is limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin R Goding
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom
| | - Heinz Arnheiter
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Heath, Bethesda, Maryland 20824, USA
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Regulation of Osteoclast Differentiation and Skeletal Maintenance by Histone Deacetylases. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24071355. [PMID: 30959867 PMCID: PMC6479495 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24071355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone is a dynamic tissue that must respond to developmental, repair, and remodeling cues in a rapid manner with changes in gene expression. Carefully-coordinated cycles of bone resorption and formation are essential for healthy skeletal growth and maintenance. Osteoclasts are large, multinucleated cells that are responsible for breaking down bone by secreting acids to dissolve the bone mineral and proteolytic enzymes that degrade the bone extracellular matrix. Increased osteoclast activity has a severe impact on skeletal health, and therefore, osteoclasts represent an important therapeutic target in skeletal diseases, such as osteoporosis. Progression from multipotent progenitors into specialized, terminally-differentiated cells involves carefully-regulated patterns of gene expression to control lineage specification and emergence of the cellular phenotype. This process requires coordinated action of transcription factors with co-activators and co-repressors to bring about proper activation and inhibition of gene expression. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are an important group of transcriptional co-repressors best known for reducing gene expression via removal of acetyl modifications from histones at HDAC target genes. This review will cover the progress that has been made recently to understand the role of HDACs and their targets in regulating osteoclast differentiation and activity and, thus, serve as potential therapeutic target.
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Han SY, Kim YK. Berberine Suppresses RANKL-Induced Osteoclast Differentiation by Inhibiting c-Fos and NFATc1 Expression. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2019; 47:439-455. [PMID: 30827151 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x19500228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a common disorder of bone remodeling, marked by excessive osteoclast formation. Recent studies indicated that berberine (BBR) is a potential natural drug for the treatment of various bone diseases. However, it still needs to be further studied for the treatment of osteoporosis. The current study investigated the inhibitory effects of BBR on receptor activator of nuclear factor- κ B ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast differentiation in vitro and in vivo. Cell-based assays were performed using osteoclasts generated in cultures of murine bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) treated with RANKL and M-CSF. The effects of BBR on in vivo lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated bone loss were evaluated using ICR mice. BBR significantly inhibited TRAP-positive osteoclast formation induced by RANKL. BBR also inhibited RANKL-induced Akt, p38 and ERK phosphorylation and I κ B degradation, and suppressed RANKL-induced expression of c-Fos and nuclear factor of activated T cells c1 (NFATc1), which is a key transcription factors for osteoclast formation. BBR reduced the mRNA levels of osteoclast markers, including TRAP, osteoclast-associated receptor (OSCAR), cathepsin K, and ATPase H + transporting V0 subunit d2 (ATP6v0d2). Moreover, BBR prevented LPS-mediated bone loss in vivo. We suggest BBR as a natural compound that can be a potential therapeutic agent for osteoclast-related bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Yong Han
- 1 Department of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk, Korea.,2 Wonkwang Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk, Korea
| | - Yun-Kyung Kim
- 1 Department of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk, Korea.,2 Wonkwang Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk, Korea
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Pang M, Rodríguez-Gonzalez M, Hernandez M, Recinos CC, Seldeen KL, Troen BR. AP-1 and Mitf interact with NFATc1 to stimulate cathepsin K promoter activity in osteoclast precursors. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:12382-12392. [PMID: 30816596 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Cathepsin K (CTSK) is a secreted protease that plays an essential role in osteoclastic bone resorption and osteoporotic bone loss. We have previously shown that activator protein 1 (AP-1) stimulates CTSK promoter activity and that proximal nuclear factor of activated T cells cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1)-binding sites play a major role in the stimulation of CTSK gene expression by receptor activator of NFκB ligand (RANKL). In the present study, we have extended these observations and further dissected the effects of transcription factors involved in the regulation of CTSK gene expression. Our aim was to investigate the cooperative interplay among transcription factors AP-1, microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (Mitf), and NFATc1, and the consequent regulatory effects on CTSK transcription. Experiments were carried out in RAW 264.7 cells, which can be readily differentiated to osteoclasts upon RANKL stimulation. Our data show that AP-1, Mitf, and NFATc1 are capable of independently stimulating CTSK promoter activity. A combination of any two factors further enhances CTSK promoter activity, with the combination of AP-1 (c-fos/c-jun) and NFATc1 inducing the largest increase. We further identify a synergistic effect when all three factors cooperate intimately at the proximal promoter region, yielding maximal transcriptional upregulation of the CTSK promoter. RANKL induces temporal localization of AP-1 and NFATc1 to the CTSK promoter. These results suggest that the interaction of multiple transcription factors mediate a maximal response to RANKL-induced CTSK gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manhui Pang
- Division of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York.,Veterans Affairs Western New York Healthcare System Research Service, Buffalo, New York
| | - Maria Rodríguez-Gonzalez
- Division of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York.,Veterans Affairs Western New York Healthcare System Research Service, Buffalo, New York
| | - Mireya Hernandez
- Division of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York.,Veterans Affairs Western New York Healthcare System Research Service, Buffalo, New York
| | - Claudia Carolina Recinos
- Division of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York.,Veterans Affairs Western New York Healthcare System Research Service, Buffalo, New York
| | - Kenneth Ladd Seldeen
- Division of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York.,Veterans Affairs Western New York Healthcare System Research Service, Buffalo, New York
| | - Bruce Robert Troen
- Division of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York.,Veterans Affairs Western New York Healthcare System Research Service, Buffalo, New York
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36
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Kim EJ, Kim HJ, Baik SW, Kim KH, Ryu SJ, Kim CH, Shin SW. Propofol promotes osteoclastic bone resorption by increasing DC-STAMP expression. J Dent Anesth Pain Med 2019; 18:349-359. [PMID: 30637345 PMCID: PMC6323039 DOI: 10.17245/jdapm.2018.18.6.349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Propofol is an intravenous anesthetic which has antioxidant effects due to its similarity in molecular structure to α-tocopherol. It has been reported that α-tocopherol increases osteoclast fusion and bone resorption. Here, we investigated the effects of propofol on signaling pathways of osteoclastogenic gene expression, as well as osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption using bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs). Methods BMMs were cultured with macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) alone or M-CSF plus receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL) in the presence of propofol (0-50 µM) for 4 days. Mature osteoclasts were stained for tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) and the numbers of TRAP-positive multinucleated osteoclasts were counted. To examine the resorption activities of osteoclasts, a bone resorption assay was performed. To identify the mechanism of action of propofol on the formation of multinucleated osteoclasts, we focused on dendritic cell-specific transmembrane protein (DC-STAMP), a protein essential for pre-osteoclastic cell fusion. Results Propofol increased the formation of TRAP-positive multinucleated osteoclasts. In addition, the bone resorption assay revealed that propofol increased the bone resorption area on dentin discs. The mRNA expression of DC-STAMP was upregulated most strongly in the presence of both RANKL and propofol. However, SB203580, a p38 inhibitor, significantly suppressed the propofol/RANKL-induced increase in mRNA expression of DC-STAMP. Conclusion We have demonstrated that propofol enhances osteoclast differentiation and maturation, and subsequently increases bone resorption. Additionally, we identified the regulatory pathway underlying osteoclast cell-cell fusion, which was enhanced by propofol through p38-mediated DC-STAMP expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Jung Kim
- Department of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Dental Research Institute, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Joon Kim
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Wan Baik
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Hoon Kim
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sie Jeong Ryu
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Kosin University, Busan, Korea
| | - Cheul-Hong Kim
- Department of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Dental Research Institute, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Wook Shin
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
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37
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Neotuberostemonine inhibits osteoclastogenesis via blockade of NF-κB pathway. Biochimie 2018; 157:81-91. [PMID: 30439408 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2018.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis has been attributed to low bone mass arising from cellular communications between bone formation and bone resorption. Osteoclastogenesis is induced by M-CSF and RANKL in hematopoietic lineage cells. Once RANK/RANKL complex is formed, TRAF6 is recruited and triggers the activation of NF-κB pathway and the expression of osteoclast-related genes including NFATc1. Neotuberostemonine (NTS) is an active compound isolated from Stemona tuberosa Lour. Pharmacologically, NTS has been known to possess antitussive, anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory activities through regulation of macrophage. However, the influence of NTS to osteoclastogenesis has not been reported. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether NTS can modulate the osteoclastogenesis induced by RANKL or cancer cells. We found that NTS inhibits RANKL- or cancer cell-mediated osteoclastogenesis via blockade of TRAF6 and NF-κB activation. NTS also impairs the formation of F-actin ring structure, an important feature of osteoclast differentiation and function. These results indicate that NTS can be a preventive and therapeutic candidate for bone-related disease and that NTS provides insights underlying molecular mechanisms that influence osteoclastogenesis.
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38
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Lee K, Seo I, Choi MH, Jeong D. Roles of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases in Osteoclast Biology. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19103004. [PMID: 30275408 PMCID: PMC6213329 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone undergoes continuous remodeling, which is homeostatically regulated by concerted communication between bone-forming osteoblasts and bone-degrading osteoclasts. Multinucleated giant osteoclasts are the only specialized cells that degrade or resorb the organic and inorganic bone components. They secrete proteases (e.g., cathepsin K) that degrade the organic collagenous matrix and establish localized acidosis at the bone-resorbing site through proton-pumping to facilitate the dissolution of inorganic mineral. Osteoporosis, the most common bone disease, is caused by excessive bone resorption, highlighting the crucial role of osteoclasts in intact bone remodeling. Signaling mediated by mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), including extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and p38, has been recognized to be critical for normal osteoclast differentiation and activation. Various exogenous (e.g., toll-like receptor agonists) and endogenous (e.g., growth factors and inflammatory cytokines) stimuli contribute to determining whether MAPKs positively or negatively regulate osteoclast adhesion, migration, fusion and survival, and osteoclastic bone resorption. In this review, we delineate the unique roles of MAPKs in osteoclast metabolism and provide an overview of the upstream regulators that activate or inhibit MAPKs and their downstream targets. Furthermore, we discuss the current knowledge about the differential kinetics of ERK, JNK, and p38, and the crosstalk between MAPKs in osteoclast metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyunghee Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Laboratory of Bone Metabolism and Control, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu 42415, Korea.
| | - Incheol Seo
- Department of Microbiology, Laboratory of Bone Metabolism and Control, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu 42415, Korea.
| | - Mun Hwan Choi
- Department of Microbiology, Laboratory of Bone Metabolism and Control, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu 42415, Korea.
| | - Daewon Jeong
- Department of Microbiology, Laboratory of Bone Metabolism and Control, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu 42415, Korea.
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39
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Lu D, Li J, Liu H, Foxa GE, Weaver K, Li J, Williams BO, Yang T. LRP1 Suppresses Bone Resorption in Mice by Inhibiting the RANKL-Stimulated NF-κB and p38 Pathways During Osteoclastogenesis. J Bone Miner Res 2018; 33:1773-1784. [PMID: 29750835 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.3469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the LRP1 gene coding sequence are associated with low bone mass, and cell culture studies suggest that LRP1 plays a role in osteoblast proliferation and osteoblast-mediated osteoclastogenesis. However, the in vivo function of LRP1 in bone homeostasis has not been explored. In this work, we studied the osteoclast-specific role of LRP1 in bone homeostasis using a Ctsk-Cre;Lrp1f/f mouse model on the C57BL/6J background. These mice had a dramatically decreased trabecular bone mass with markedly more osteoclasts, while the osteoblast activity was unaffected or slightly increased. The cortical bone parameters were largely unaltered. Upon RANKL treatment, Lrp1-deficient bone marrow monocytes more efficiently differentiated into osteoclasts and showed elevated p65 NFκB and p38 signaling. Consistently, Lrp1-overexpressing Raw264.7 cells were desensitized to RANKL-induced p38 and p65 activation and osteoclastogenesis. Moreover, RANKL treatment led to a sharp decrease of LRP1 protein and RNA in BMMs. Overall, our data suggest that osteoclast-expressed LRP1 is a crucial regulator of bone mass. It inhibits the NFκB and p38 pathways and lessens the efficiency of RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis. © 2018 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Lu
- Program of Skeletal Disease and Tumor Metastasis, Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Jianshuang Li
- Program of Skeletal Disease and Tumor Metastasis, Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Huadie Liu
- Program of Skeletal Disease and Tumor Metastasis, Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA.,State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics and School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Gabrielle E Foxa
- Program of Skeletal Disease and Tumor Metastasis, Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Kevin Weaver
- Program of Skeletal Disease and Tumor Metastasis, Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Jie Li
- Program of Skeletal Disease and Tumor Metastasis, Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA.,State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics and School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Bart O Williams
- Program of Skeletal Disease and Tumor Metastasis, Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Tao Yang
- Program of Skeletal Disease and Tumor Metastasis, Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
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40
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BRAF/MAPK and GSK3 signaling converges to control MITF nuclear export. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E8668-E8677. [PMID: 30150413 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1810498115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The close integration of the MAPK, PI3K, and WNT signaling pathways underpins much of development and is deregulated in cancer. In principle, combinatorial posttranslational modification of key lineage-specific transcription factors would be an effective means to integrate critical signaling events. Understanding how this might be achieved is central to deciphering the impact of microenvironmental cues in development and disease. The microphthalmia-associated transcription factor MITF plays a crucial role in the development of melanocytes, the retinal pigment epithelium, osteoclasts, and mast cells and acts as a lineage survival oncogene in melanoma. MITF coordinates survival, differentiation, cell-cycle progression, cell migration, metabolism, and lysosome biogenesis. However, how the activity of this key transcription factor is controlled remains poorly understood. Here, we show that GSK3, downstream from both the PI3K and Wnt pathways, and BRAF/MAPK signaling converges to control MITF nuclear export. Phosphorylation of the melanocyte MITF-M isoform in response to BRAF/MAPK signaling primes for phosphorylation by GSK3, a kinase inhibited by both PI3K and Wnt signaling. Dual phosphorylation, but not monophosphorylation, then promotes MITF nuclear export by activating a previously unrecognized hydrophobic export signal. Nonmelanocyte MITF isoforms exhibit poor regulation by MAPK signaling, but instead their export is controlled by mTOR. We uncover here an unanticipated mode of MITF regulation that integrates the output of key developmental and cancer-associated signaling pathways to gate MITF flux through the import-export cycle. The results have significant implications for our understanding of melanoma progression and stem cell renewal.
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41
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Nguyen NT, Fisher DE. MITF and UV responses in skin: From pigmentation to addiction. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2018; 32:224-236. [PMID: 30019545 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.12726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) has numerous effects on skin, including DNA damage, tanning, vitamin D synthesis, carcinogenesis, and immunomodulation. Keratinocytes containing damaged DNA secrete both α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), which stimulates pigment production by melanocytes, and the opioid β-endorphin, which can trigger addiction-like responses to UVR. The pigmentation (tanning) response is an adaptation that provides some delayed protection against further DNA damage and carcinogenesis, while the opioid response may be an evolutionary adaptation for promoting sun-seeking behavior to prevent vitamin D deficiency. Here, we review the pigmentation response to UVR, driven by melanocytic microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), and evidence for UVR-induced melanomagenesis and addiction. We also discuss potential applications of a novel approach to generate protective pigmentation in the absence of UVR (sunless tanning) using a topical small-molecule inhibitor of the salt-inducible kinase (SIK) family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nhu T Nguyen
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - David E Fisher
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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42
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Jung YK, Kwon KT, Jang JA, Han MS, Kim GW, Han S. Enhanced Activation of Rac1/Cdc42 and MITF Leads to Augmented Osteoclastogenesis in Autosomal Dominant Osteopetrosis Type II. JBMR Plus 2018; 3:e10070. [PMID: 30828687 PMCID: PMC6383696 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The autosomal dominant osteopetrosis type II (ADOII) caused by the mutation of chloride channel 7 (ClC‐7) gene is the most common form of adult‐onset osteopetrosis. Despite dysfunctional bone resorption, an augmented osteoclast differentiation was reported recently in ADOII patients. DNA sequencing analysis of the ADOII patient's ClC‐7 gene identified a known heterozygous mutation, c.643G>A in exon 7, encoding p.Gly215Arg. In vitro osteoclast differentiation from the ADOII patient's peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) increased compared with control despite their dysfunctional bone resorbing capacity. Osteoclasts from the ADOII patient's PBMCs and ClC‐7 knockdown bone marrow monocytes (BMMs) showed an enhanced Ser‐71 phosphorylation of Rac1/Cdc42 and increase of the microphthalmia‐associated transcription factor (MITF) and receptor activator of NF‐κB (RANK) that can be responsible for the enhanced osteoclast differentiation. © 2018 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youn-Kwan Jung
- Laboratory for Arthritis and Bone Biology Fatima Research Institute Daegu Fatima Hospital Daegu Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Tae Kwon
- Department of Internal Medicine Kyungpook National University Hospital Daegu Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Ae Jang
- Laboratory for Arthritis and Bone Biology Fatima Research Institute Daegu Fatima Hospital Daegu Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Su Han
- Laboratory for Arthritis and Bone Biology Fatima Research Institute Daegu Fatima Hospital Daegu Republic of Korea
| | - Gun-Woo Kim
- Laboratory for Arthritis and Bone Biology Fatima Research Institute Daegu Fatima Hospital Daegu Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine Daegu Fatima Hospital Daegu Republic of Korea
| | - Seungwoo Han
- Laboratory for Arthritis and Bone Biology Fatima Research Institute Daegu Fatima Hospital Daegu Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine Kyungpook National University Hospital Daegu Republic of Korea
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43
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Phytol suppresses melanogenesis through proteasomal degradation of MITF via the ROS-ERK signaling pathway. Chem Biol Interact 2018; 286:132-140. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2018.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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44
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Carey HA, Hildreth BE, Geisler JA, Nickel MC, Cabrera J, Ghosh S, Jiang Y, Yan J, Lee J, Makam S, Young NA, Valiente GR, Jarjour WN, Huang K, Rosol TJ, Toribio RE, Charles JF, Ostrowski MC, Sharma SM. Enhancer variants reveal a conserved transcription factor network governed by PU.1 during osteoclast differentiation. Bone Res 2018; 6:8. [PMID: 29619268 PMCID: PMC5874256 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-018-0011-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have been instrumental in understanding complex phenotypic traits. However, they have rarely been used to understand lineage-specific pathways and functions that contribute to the trait. In this study, by integrating lineage-specific enhancers from mesenchymal and myeloid compartments with bone mineral density loci, we were able to segregate osteoblast- and osteoclast (OC)-specific functions. Specifically, in OCs, a PU.1-dependent transcription factor (TF) network was revealed. Deletion of PU.1 in OCs in mice resulted in severe osteopetrosis. Functional genomic analysis indicated PU.1 and MITF orchestrated a TF network essential for OC differentiation. Several of these TFs were regulated by cooperative binding of PU.1 with BRD4 to form superenhancers. Further, PU.1 is essential for conformational changes in the superenhancer region of Nfatc1. In summary, our study demonstrates that combining GWASs with genome-wide binding studies and model organisms could decipher lineage-specific pathways contributing to complex disease states. Genetic variation in non-coding regions of DNA could raise osteoporosis risk by affecting osteoclast differentiation. Osteoporosis occurs when the normal process of bone remodeling by osteoblasts and osteoclasts falls out of balance. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified numerous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with osteoporosis, but how these affect specific cell types was unclear. Sudarshana Sharma and Michael Ostrowski at the Medical University of South Carolina and colleagues wondered if variations in non-coding ‘enhancer’ regions of DNA, might shed light on the molecular underpinnings of osteoporosis. So, they overlaid SNPs associated with reduced bone mineral density onto enhancers in mesenchymal and myeloid cells—the precursors of osteoblasts and osteoclasts—identifying a transcription factor network in myeloid cells that drives the differentiation of osteoclasts. When this was disrupted in mice, severe defects in osteoclast differentiation and function resulted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather A Carey
- 1Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Blake E Hildreth
- 1Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.,2College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.,3Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA
| | - Jennifer A Geisler
- 1Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.,2College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Mara C Nickel
- 1Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Jennifer Cabrera
- 1Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Sankha Ghosh
- 1Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Yue Jiang
- 1Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Jing Yan
- 4Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - James Lee
- 1Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Sandeep Makam
- 1Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Nicholas A Young
- 5Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Giancarlo R Valiente
- 5Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Wael N Jarjour
- 5Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Kun Huang
- 6Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Thomas J Rosol
- 2College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Ramiro E Toribio
- 2College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Julia F Charles
- 4Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Michael C Ostrowski
- 1Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.,3Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA
| | - Sudarshana M Sharma
- 1Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.,3Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA
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45
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Wang C, Hockerman S, Jacobsen EJ, Alippe Y, Selness SR, Hope HR, Hirsch JL, Mnich SJ, Saabye MJ, Hood WF, Bonar SL, Abu-Amer Y, Haimovich A, Hoffman HM, Monahan JB, Mbalaviele G. Selective inhibition of the p38α MAPK-MK2 axis inhibits inflammatory cues including inflammasome priming signals. J Exp Med 2018; 215:1315-1325. [PMID: 29549113 PMCID: PMC5940269 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20172063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
A unique p38α MAPK–MK2 pathway inhibitor, CDD-450, is used to uncover the function of this protein complex in inflammasome priming signals. Importantly, CDD-450 is as efficacious as global p38α MAPK inhibitors in decreasing inflammation in disease models. p38α activation of multiple effectors may underlie the failure of global p38α inhibitors in clinical trials. A unique inhibitor (CDD-450) was developed that selectively blocked p38α activation of the proinflammatory kinase MK2 while sparing p38α activation of PRAK and ATF2. Next, the hypothesis that the p38α–MK2 complex mediates inflammasome priming cues was tested. CDD-450 had no effect on NLRP3 expression, but it decreased IL-1β expression by promoting IL-1β mRNA degradation. Thus, IL-1β is regulated not only transcriptionally by NF-κB and posttranslationally by the inflammasomes but also posttranscriptionally by p38α–MK2. CDD-450 also accelerated TNF-α and IL-6 mRNA decay, inhibited inflammation in mice with cryopyrinopathy, and was as efficacious as global p38α inhibitors in attenuating arthritis in rats and cytokine expression by cells from patients with cryopyrinopathy and rheumatoid arthritis. These findings have clinical translation implications as CDD-450 offers the potential to avoid tachyphylaxis associated with global p38α inhibitors that may result from their inhibition of non-MK2 substrates involved in antiinflammatory and housekeeping responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Wang
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | | | | | - Yael Alippe
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | | | - Heidi R Hope
- Confluence Discovery Technologies, Inc., St. Louis, MO
| | | | | | | | | | - Sheri L Bonar
- Confluence Discovery Technologies, Inc., St. Louis, MO
| | - Yousef Abu-Amer
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Ariela Haimovich
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Hal M Hoffman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | | | - Gabriel Mbalaviele
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
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46
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Bai BL, Xie ZJ, Weng SJ, Wu ZY, Li H, Tao ZS, Boodhun V, Yan DY, Shen ZJ, Tang JH, Yang L. Chitosan oligosaccharide promotes osteoclast formation by stimulating the activation of MAPK and AKT signaling pathways. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2018; 29:1207-1218. [PMID: 29502489 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2018.1448336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Li Bai
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhong-Jie Xie
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - She-Ji Weng
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zong-Yi Wu
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hang Li
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhou-Shan Tao
- Department of Trauma Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Yijishan Hospital, WuHu, China
| | - Viraj Boodhun
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - De-Yi Yan
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zi-Jian Shen
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jia-Hao Tang
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Chen T, Zhao B, Liu Y, Wang R, Yang Y, Yang L, Dong C. MITF-M regulates melanogenesis in mouse melanocytes. J Dermatol Sci 2018; 90:253-262. [PMID: 29496358 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2018.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the impact of the microphthalamia-associated transcription factor (Mitf) signaling pathway on melanocytes progression has been extensively studied, the specific molecular mechanisms behind MITF-M-enhanced melanin production in melanocytes still need to be clarified. METHODS In this study, we analyzed the levels of Mitf-M in skin tissues of different coat mice in order to further reveal the relationship between Mitf-M and skin pigmentation. To address the function of Mitf-M on melanogenesis, we have used an overexpression system and combined morphological and biochemical methods to investigate its localization in different coat color mice and pigmentation-related genes' expression in mouse melanocytes. RESULTS The qRT-PCR assay and Western blotting analysis revealed that Mitf-M mRNA and protein were synthesized in all tested mice skin samples, with the highest expression level in brown skin, a moderate expression level in grey skin and the lowest expression level in black skin. Simultaneously, immunofluorescence staining revealed that MITF-M was mainly expressed in the hair follicle matrix and inner and outer root sheath in the skin tissues with different coat colors. Furthermore, overexpression of MITF-M led to increased melanin content and variable pigmentation-related gene expression. CONCLUSION These results directly demonstrate that MITF-M not only influences melanogenesis, but also determines the progression of melanosomal protein in mouse melanocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianzhi Chen
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China; College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Bingling Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ruiwei Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Yujing Yang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Linpei Yang
- Shenzhou Vocational and Technical Education Center, Shenzhou 053800, China
| | - Changsheng Dong
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China.
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48
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Lee NK. RANK Signaling Pathways and Key Molecules Inducing Osteoclast Differentiation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.15616/bsl.2017.23.4.295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Na Kyung Lee
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Medical Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Chungnam 31538, Korea
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49
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Ko GA, Kim Cho S. Ethyl linoleate inhibits α-MSH-induced melanogenesis through Akt/GSK3β/β-catenin signal pathway. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2017; 22:53-61. [PMID: 29302212 PMCID: PMC5746512 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2018.22.1.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Ethyl linoleate is an unsaturated fatty acid used in many cosmetics for its various attributes, such as antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties and clinically proven to be an effective anti-acne agent. In this study, we investigated the effect of ethyl linoleate on the melanogenesis and the mechanism underlying its action on melanogenesis in B16F10 murine melanoma cells. Our results revealed that ethyl linoleate significantly inhibited melanin content and intracellular tyrosinase activity in α-MSH-induced B16F10 cells, but it did not directly inhibit activity of mushroom tyrosinase. Ethyl linoleate inhibited the expression of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), tyrosinase, and tyrosinase related protein 1 (TRP1) in governing melanin pigment synthesis. We observed that ethyl linoleate inhibited phosphorylation of Akt and glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) and reduced the level of β-catenin, suggesting that ethyl linoleate inhibits melanogenesis through Akt/GSK3β/β-catenin signal pathway. Therefore, we propose that ethyl linoleate may be useful as a safe whitening agent in cosmetic and a potential therapeutic agent for reducing skin hyperpigmentation in clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyeong-A Ko
- Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, SARI, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
| | - Somi Kim Cho
- Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, SARI, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea.,Subtropical Tropical Organism Gene Bank, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
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50
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Zhang Y, Liu J, Fu W, Xu W, Zhang H, Chen S, Liu W, Peng L, Xiao Y. Comparative Transcriptome and DNA methylation analyses of the molecular mechanisms underlying skin color variations in Crucian carp (Carassius carassius L.). BMC Genet 2017; 18:95. [PMID: 29121864 PMCID: PMC5680753 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-017-0564-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Crucian carp is a popular ornamental strain in Asia with variants in body color. To further explore the genetic mechanisms underlying gray and red body color formation in crucian carp, the skin transcriptomes and partial DNA methylation sites were obtained from red crucian carp (RCC) and white crucian carp (WCC). Here, we show significant differences in mRNA expression and DNA methylation sites between skin tissues of RCC and WCC. Results Totals of 3434 and 3683 unigenes had significantly lower and higher expression in WCC, respectively, compared with unigenes expressed in RCC. Some potential genes for body color development were further identified by quantitative polymerase chain reaction, such as mitfa, tyr, tyrp1, and dct, which were down-regulated, and foxd3, hpda, ptps, and gch1, which were up-regulated. A KEGG pathway analysis indicated that the differentially expressed genes were mainly related to mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK), Wnt, cell cycle, and endocytosis signaling pathways, as well as variations in melanogenesis in crucian carp. In addition, some differentially expressed DNA methylation site genes were related to pigmentation, including mitfa, tyr, dct, foxd3, and hpda. The differentially expressed DNA methylation sites were mainly involved in signaling pathways, including MAPK, cAMP, endocytosis, melanogenesis, and Hippo. Conclusions Our study provides the results of comparative transcriptome and DNA methylation analyses between RCC and WCC skin tissues and reveals that the molecular mechanism of body color variation in crucian carp is strongly related to disruptions in gene expression and DNA methylation during pigmentation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12863-017-0564-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China.,School of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China
| | - Jinhui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China.,School of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China
| | - Wen Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China.,School of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China
| | - Wenting Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China.,School of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China
| | - Huiqin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China.,School of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China
| | - Shujuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China.,School of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China
| | - Wenbin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China.,School of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China
| | - Liangyue Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China.,School of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China
| | - Yamei Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China. .,School of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China.
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