1
|
Malgorn C, Becher F, Bruyat P, Fruchart-Gaillard C, Beau F, Bregant S, Devel L. A New Affinity-Based Probe to Profile MMP Active Forms. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2747:29-39. [PMID: 38038929 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3589-6_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
A new generation of affinity-based probes (AfBPs) has been developed to label and identity matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) under their active form in complex proteomes. First, the probe reacts with an active MMP through a proximity-driven reaction that does not require any external trigger. Following this affinity-labeling step, a streptavidin-based enrichment of the resulting biotin-tagged MMP is carried out. Finally, after on-beads proteolytic digestion by trypsin, MMP signature peptides are analyzed and identified by mass spectrometry. Such a "photoactivation-free" labeling can be applied to the detection of several MMPs in a wide variety of biological systems, including in vivo conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carole Malgorn
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SIMoS, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - François Becher
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SPI, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Pierrick Bruyat
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SIMoS, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Carole Fruchart-Gaillard
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SIMoS, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Fabrice Beau
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SIMoS, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Sarah Bregant
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SIMoS, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Laurent Devel
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SIMoS, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Georgiadis D, Skoulikas N, Papakyriakou A, Stratikos E. Phosphinic Peptides as Tool Compounds for the Study of Pharmacologically Relevant Zn-Metalloproteases. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2022; 5:1228-1253. [PMID: 36524013 PMCID: PMC9745897 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.2c00183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Phosphinic peptides constitute an important class of bioactive compounds that have found a wide range of applications in the field of biology and pharmacology of Zn-metalloproteases, the largest family of proteases in humans. They are designed to mimic the structure of natural substrates during their proteolysis, thus acting as mechanism-based, transition state analogue inhibitors. A combination of electrostatic interactions between the phosphinic acid group and the Zn cation as well as optimal noncovalent enzyme-ligand interactions can result in both high binding affinity for the desired target and selectivity against other proteases. Due to these unique properties, phosphinic peptides have been mainly employed as tool compounds for (a) the purposes of rational drug design by serving as ligands in X-ray crystal structures of target enzymes and allowing the identification of crucial interactions that govern optimal molecular recognition, and (b) the delineation of biological pathways where Zn-metalloproteases are key regulators. For the latter objective, inhibitors of the phosphinopeptidic type have been used either unmodified or after being transformed to probes of various types, thus expanding the arsenal of functional tools available to researchers. The aim of this review is to summarize all recent research achievements in which phosphinic peptides have played a central role as tool compounds in the understanding of the mechanism and biological functions of Zn-metalloproteases in both health and disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dimitris Georgiadis
- Department
of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian
University of Athens, GR-15784 Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Skoulikas
- Department
of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian
University of Athens, GR-15784 Athens, Greece
| | - Athanasios Papakyriakou
- National
Centre for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Agia Paraskevi GR-15341 Athens, Greece
| | - Efstratios Stratikos
- Department
of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian
University of Athens, GR-15784 Athens, Greece
- National
Centre for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Agia Paraskevi GR-15341 Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
de Almeida LGN, Thode H, Eslambolchi Y, Chopra S, Young D, Gill S, Devel L, Dufour A. Matrix Metalloproteinases: From Molecular Mechanisms to Physiology, Pathophysiology, and Pharmacology. Pharmacol Rev 2022; 74:712-768. [PMID: 35738680 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.121.000349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The first matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) was discovered in 1962 from the tail of a tadpole by its ability to degrade collagen. As their name suggests, matrix metalloproteinases are proteases capable of remodeling the extracellular matrix. More recently, MMPs have been demonstrated to play numerous additional biologic roles in cell signaling, immune regulation, and transcriptional control, all of which are unrelated to the degradation of the extracellular matrix. In this review, we will present milestones and major discoveries of MMP research, including various clinical trials for the use of MMP inhibitors. We will discuss the reasons behind the failures of most MMP inhibitors for the treatment of cancer and inflammatory diseases. There are still misconceptions about the pathophysiological roles of MMPs and the best strategies to inhibit their detrimental functions. This review aims to discuss MMPs in preclinical models and human pathologies. We will discuss new biochemical tools to track their proteolytic activity in vivo and ex vivo, in addition to future pharmacological alternatives to inhibit their detrimental functions in diseases. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have been implicated in most inflammatory, autoimmune, cancers, and pathogen-mediated diseases. Initially overlooked, MMP contributions can be both beneficial and detrimental in disease progression and resolution. Thousands of MMP substrates have been suggested, and a few hundred have been validated. After more than 60 years of MMP research, there remain intriguing enigmas to solve regarding their biological functions in diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luiz G N de Almeida
- Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada (L.G.N.d.A., Y.E., S.C., D.Y., A.D.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (S.G., H.T.); and Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Medicaments et Technologies pour la Santé, Gif-sur-Yvette, France (L.D.)
| | - Hayley Thode
- Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada (L.G.N.d.A., Y.E., S.C., D.Y., A.D.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (S.G., H.T.); and Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Medicaments et Technologies pour la Santé, Gif-sur-Yvette, France (L.D.)
| | - Yekta Eslambolchi
- Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada (L.G.N.d.A., Y.E., S.C., D.Y., A.D.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (S.G., H.T.); and Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Medicaments et Technologies pour la Santé, Gif-sur-Yvette, France (L.D.)
| | - Sameeksha Chopra
- Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada (L.G.N.d.A., Y.E., S.C., D.Y., A.D.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (S.G., H.T.); and Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Medicaments et Technologies pour la Santé, Gif-sur-Yvette, France (L.D.)
| | - Daniel Young
- Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada (L.G.N.d.A., Y.E., S.C., D.Y., A.D.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (S.G., H.T.); and Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Medicaments et Technologies pour la Santé, Gif-sur-Yvette, France (L.D.)
| | - Sean Gill
- Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada (L.G.N.d.A., Y.E., S.C., D.Y., A.D.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (S.G., H.T.); and Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Medicaments et Technologies pour la Santé, Gif-sur-Yvette, France (L.D.)
| | - Laurent Devel
- Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada (L.G.N.d.A., Y.E., S.C., D.Y., A.D.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (S.G., H.T.); and Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Medicaments et Technologies pour la Santé, Gif-sur-Yvette, France (L.D.)
| | - Antoine Dufour
- Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada (L.G.N.d.A., Y.E., S.C., D.Y., A.D.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (S.G., H.T.); and Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Medicaments et Technologies pour la Santé, Gif-sur-Yvette, France (L.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kaminska M, Bruyat P, Malgorn C, Doladilhe M, Cassar‐Lajeunesse E, Fruchart Gaillard C, De Souza M, Beau F, Thai R, Correia I, Galat A, Georgiadis D, Lequin O, Dive V, Bregant S, Devel L. Ligand‐Directed Modification of Active Matrix Metalloproteases: Activity‐based Probes with no Photolabile Group. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202106117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Kaminska
- Université Paris-Saclay CEA, INRAE, Medicaments et Technologies pour la Sante (MTS), SIMoS 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Pierrick Bruyat
- Université Paris-Saclay CEA, INRAE, Medicaments et Technologies pour la Sante (MTS), SIMoS 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Carole Malgorn
- Université Paris-Saclay CEA, INRAE, Medicaments et Technologies pour la Sante (MTS), SIMoS 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Marion Doladilhe
- Université Paris-Saclay CEA, INRAE, Medicaments et Technologies pour la Sante (MTS), SIMoS 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Evelyne Cassar‐Lajeunesse
- Université Paris-Saclay CEA, INRAE, Medicaments et Technologies pour la Sante (MTS), SIMoS 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Carole Fruchart Gaillard
- Université Paris-Saclay CEA, INRAE, Medicaments et Technologies pour la Sante (MTS), SIMoS 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Mélissa De Souza
- Université Paris-Saclay CEA, INRAE, Medicaments et Technologies pour la Sante (MTS), SIMoS 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Fabrice Beau
- Université Paris-Saclay CEA, INRAE, Medicaments et Technologies pour la Sante (MTS), SIMoS 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Robert Thai
- Université Paris-Saclay CEA, INRAE, Medicaments et Technologies pour la Sante (MTS), SIMoS 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Isabelle Correia
- CNRS, Laboratoire des Biomolécules, LBM Sorbonne Université Ecole Normale Supérieure PSL University 75005 Paris France
| | - Andrzej Galat
- Université Paris-Saclay CEA, INRAE, Medicaments et Technologies pour la Sante (MTS), SIMoS 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Dimitris Georgiadis
- Department of Chemistry Laboratory of Organic Chemistry University of Athens Panepistimiopolis Zografou 15771 Athens Greece
| | - Olivier Lequin
- CNRS, Laboratoire des Biomolécules, LBM Sorbonne Université Ecole Normale Supérieure PSL University 75005 Paris France
| | - Vincent Dive
- Université Paris-Saclay CEA, INRAE, Medicaments et Technologies pour la Sante (MTS), SIMoS 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Sarah Bregant
- Université Paris-Saclay CEA, INRAE, Medicaments et Technologies pour la Sante (MTS), SIMoS 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Laurent Devel
- Université Paris-Saclay CEA, INRAE, Medicaments et Technologies pour la Sante (MTS), SIMoS 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kaminska M, Bruyat P, Malgorn C, Doladilhe M, Cassar-Lajeunesse E, Fruchart Gaillard C, De Souza M, Beau F, Thai R, Correia I, Galat A, Georgiadis D, Lequin O, Dive V, Bregant S, Devel L. Ligand-Directed Modification of Active Matrix Metalloproteases: Activity-based Probes with no Photolabile Group. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:18272-18279. [PMID: 34096148 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202106117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Activity-based probes enable discrimination between the active enzyme and its inactive or inactivated counterparts. Since metalloproteases catalysis is non-covalent, activity-based probes targeting them have been systematically developed by decorating reversible inhibitors with photo-crosslinkers. By exploiting two types of ligand-guided chemistry, we identified novel activity-based probes capable of covalently modifying the active site of matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) without any external trigger. The ability of these probes to label recombinant MMPs was validated in vitro and the identity of the main labelling sites within their S3 ' region unambiguously assigned. We also demonstrated that our affinity probes can react with rhMMP12 at nanogram scale (that is, at 0.07 % (w/w)) in complex proteomes. Finally, this ligand-directed chemistry was successfully applied to label active MMP-12 secreted by eukaryote cells. We believe that this approach could be transferred more widely to many other metalloproteases, thus contributing to tackle their unresolved proteomic profiling in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Kaminska
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Medicaments et Technologies pour la Sante (MTS), SIMoS, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Pierrick Bruyat
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Medicaments et Technologies pour la Sante (MTS), SIMoS, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Carole Malgorn
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Medicaments et Technologies pour la Sante (MTS), SIMoS, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Marion Doladilhe
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Medicaments et Technologies pour la Sante (MTS), SIMoS, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Evelyne Cassar-Lajeunesse
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Medicaments et Technologies pour la Sante (MTS), SIMoS, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Carole Fruchart Gaillard
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Medicaments et Technologies pour la Sante (MTS), SIMoS, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Mélissa De Souza
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Medicaments et Technologies pour la Sante (MTS), SIMoS, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Fabrice Beau
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Medicaments et Technologies pour la Sante (MTS), SIMoS, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Robert Thai
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Medicaments et Technologies pour la Sante (MTS), SIMoS, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Isabelle Correia
- CNRS, Laboratoire des Biomolécules, LBM, Sorbonne Université, Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL University, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Andrzej Galat
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Medicaments et Technologies pour la Sante (MTS), SIMoS, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Dimitris Georgiadis
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Olivier Lequin
- CNRS, Laboratoire des Biomolécules, LBM, Sorbonne Université, Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL University, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Vincent Dive
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Medicaments et Technologies pour la Sante (MTS), SIMoS, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Sarah Bregant
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Medicaments et Technologies pour la Sante (MTS), SIMoS, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Laurent Devel
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Medicaments et Technologies pour la Sante (MTS), SIMoS, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zipfel P, Rochais C, Baranger K, Rivera S, Dallemagne P. Matrix Metalloproteinases as New Targets in Alzheimer's Disease: Opportunities and Challenges. J Med Chem 2020; 63:10705-10725. [PMID: 32459966 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Although matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are implicated in the regulation of numerous physiological processes, evidence of their pathological roles have also been obtained in the last decades, making MMPs attractive therapeutic targets for several diseases. Recent discoveries of their involvement in central nervous system (CNS) disorders, and in particular in Alzheimer's disease (AD), have paved the way to consider MMP modulators as promising therapeutic strategies. Over the past few decades, diverse approaches have been undertaken in the design of therapeutic agents targeting MMPs for various purposes, leading, more recently, to encouraging developments. In this article, we will present recent examples of inhibitors ranging from small molecules and peptidomimetics to biologics. We will also discuss the scientific knowledge that has led to the development of emerging tools and techniques to overcome the challenges of selective MMP inhibition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Zipfel
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, CERMN (Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie), F-14032 Caen, France
| | - Christophe Rochais
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, CERMN (Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie), F-14032 Caen, France
| | - Kévin Baranger
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, Marseille, France
| | - Santiago Rivera
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, Marseille, France
| | - Patrick Dallemagne
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, CERMN (Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie), F-14032 Caen, France
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Deng H, Lei Q, Wu Y, He Y, Li W. Activity-based protein profiling: Recent advances in medicinal chemistry. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 191:112151. [PMID: 32109778 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Activity-based protein profiling (ABPP) has become an emerging chemical proteomic approach to illustrate the interaction mechanisms between compounds and proteins. This approach has combined organic synthesis, biochemistry, cell biology, biophysics and bioinformatics to accelerate the process of drug discovery in target identification and validation, as well as in the stage of lead discovery and optimization. This review will summarize new developments and applications of ABPP in medicinal chemistry. Here, we mainly described the design principles of activity-base probes (ABPs) and general workflows of ABPP approach. Moreover, we discussed various basic and advanced ABPP strategies and their applications in medicinal chemistry, including competitive and comparative ABPP, two-step ABPP, fluorescence polarization ABPP (FluoPol-ABPP) and ABPs for visualization. In conclusion, this review will give a general overview of the applications of ABPP as a powerful and efficient technique in medicinal chemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Deng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China; Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province & Precision Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
| | - Qian Lei
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China; Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province & Precision Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Yangping Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China; Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province & Precision Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Yang He
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China; Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province & Precision Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Weimin Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China; Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province & Precision Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Han SW, Koh WG. Hydrogel-Framed Nanofiber Matrix Integrated with a Microfluidic Device for Fluorescence Detection of Matrix Metalloproteinases-9. Anal Chem 2016; 88:6247-53. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b04867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sang Won Han
- Department
of Chemical and
Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, South Korea
| | - Won-Gun Koh
- Department
of Chemical and
Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Detection of protease activity in cells and animals. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2015; 1864:130-42. [PMID: 25960278 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2015.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Revised: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Proteases are involved in a wide variety of biologically and medically important events. They are entangled in a complex network of processes that regulate their activity, which makes their study intriguing, but challenging. For comprehensive understanding of protease biology and effective drug discovery, it is therefore essential to study proteases in models that are close to their complex native environments such as live cells or whole organisms. Protease activity can be detected by reporter substrates and activity-based probes, but not all of these reagents are suitable for intracellular or in vivo use. This review focuses on the detection of proteases in cells and in vivo. We summarize the use of probes and substrates as molecular tools, discuss strategies to deliver these tools inside cells, and describe sophisticated read-out techniques such as mass spectrometry and various imaging applications. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Physiological Enzymology and Protein Functions.
Collapse
|