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Zhouravleva GA, Bondarev SA, Trubitsina NP. How Big Is the Yeast Prion Universe? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11651. [PMID: 37511408 PMCID: PMC10380529 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The number of yeast prions and prion-like proteins described since 1994 has grown from two to nearly twenty. If in the early years most scientists working with the classic mammalian prion, PrPSc, were skeptical about the possibility of using the term prion to refer to yeast cytoplasmic elements with unusual properties, it is now clear that prion-like phenomena are widespread and that yeast can serve as a convenient model for studying them. Here we give a brief overview of the yeast prions discovered so far and focus our attention to the various approaches used to identify them. The prospects for the discovery of new yeast prions are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galina A Zhouravleva
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Laboratory of Amyloid Biology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Stanislav A Bondarev
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Laboratory of Amyloid Biology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Nina P Trubitsina
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
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2
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Sokolov PA, Rolich VI, Vezo OS, Belousov MV, Bondarev SA, Zhouravleva GA, Kasyanenko NA. Amyloid fibril length distribution from dynamic light scattering data. EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL : EBJ 2022; 51:325-333. [PMID: 35546203 DOI: 10.1007/s00249-022-01600-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The study of the aggregation of amyloid proteins is challenging. A new approach to processing dynamic light scattering data was developed and tested using aggregates of the well-known model Sup35NM amyloid. After filtering and calculating the moving averages of autocorrelation functions to reduce impacts of noise, each averaged autocorrelation function is converted to the fibril length distribution via numerical modeling. The processing results were verified using atomic force and scanning electron microscopy data. Analysis of fibril length distribution changes over time gives valuable information about the aggregation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr A Sokolov
- Department of Physics, St. Petersburg University, 7-9-11 Universitetskaya Emb, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia.
| | - Valeriy I Rolich
- Department of Physics, St. Petersburg University, 7-9-11 Universitetskaya Emb, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - Olga S Vezo
- Department of Physics, St. Petersburg University, 7-9-11 Universitetskaya Emb, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - Mikhail V Belousov
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, St. Petersburg University, 7-9-11 Universitetskaya Emb, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
- Laboratory for Proteomics of Supra-Organismal Systems, All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology, 3 Podbelsky chausse, St. Petersburg, 196608, Russia
| | - Stanislav A Bondarev
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, St. Petersburg University, 7-9-11 Universitetskaya Emb, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - Galina A Zhouravleva
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, St. Petersburg University, 7-9-11 Universitetskaya Emb, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - Nina A Kasyanenko
- Department of Physics, St. Petersburg University, 7-9-11 Universitetskaya Emb, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
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3
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Tikhodeyev ON. Prions as Non-Canonical Hereditary Factors. RUSS J GENET+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795422060126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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4
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Sulatskaya AI, Bondarev SA, Sulatsky MI, Trubitsina NP, Belousov MV, Zhouravleva GA, Llanos MA, Kajava AV, Kuznetsova IM, Turoverov KK. Point mutations affecting yeast prion propagation change the structure of its amyloid fibrils. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.113618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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5
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Trubitsina NP, Zemlyanko OM, Bondarev SA, Zhouravleva GA. Nonsense Mutations in the Yeast SUP35 Gene Affect the [ PSI+] Prion Propagation. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E1648. [PMID: 32121268 PMCID: PMC7084296 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The essential SUP35 gene encodes yeast translation termination factor eRF3. Previously, we isolated nonsense mutations sup35-n and proposed that the viability of such mutants can be explained by readthrough of the premature stop codon. Such mutations, as well as the prion [PSI+], can appear in natural yeast populations, and their combinations may have different effects on the cells. Here, we analyze the effects of the compatibility of sup35-n mutations with the [PSI+] prion in haploid and diploid cells. We demonstrated that sup35-n mutations are incompatible with the [PSI+] prion, leading to lethality of sup35-n [PSI+] haploid cells. In diploid cells the compatibility of [PSI+] with sup35-n depends on how the corresponding diploid was obtained. Nonsense mutations sup35-21, sup35-74, and sup35-218 are compatible with the [PSI+] prion in diploid strains, but affect [PSI+] properties and lead to the formation of new prion variant. The only mutation that could replace the SUP35 wild-type allele in both haploid and diploid [PSI+] strains, sup35-240, led to the prion loss. Possibly, short Sup351-55 protein, produced from the sup35-240 allele, is included in Sup35 aggregates and destabilize them. Alternatively, single molecules of Sup351-55 can stick to aggregate ends, and thus interrupt the fibril growth. Thus, we can conclude that sup35-240 mutation prevents [PSI+] propagation and can be considered as a new pnm mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina P. Trubitsina
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Saint Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia; (N.P.T.); (O.M.Z.); (S.A.B.)
| | - Olga M. Zemlyanko
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Saint Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia; (N.P.T.); (O.M.Z.); (S.A.B.)
- Laboratory of Amyloid Biology, Saint Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Stanislav A. Bondarev
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Saint Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia; (N.P.T.); (O.M.Z.); (S.A.B.)
- Laboratory of Amyloid Biology, Saint Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Galina A. Zhouravleva
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Saint Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia; (N.P.T.); (O.M.Z.); (S.A.B.)
- Laboratory of Amyloid Biology, Saint Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
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6
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Danilov LG, Matveenko AG, Ryzhkova VE, Belousov MV, Poleshchuk OI, Likholetova DV, Sokolov PA, Kasyanenko NA, Kajava AV, Zhouravleva GA, Bondarev SA. Design of a New [ PSI +]-No-More Mutation in SUP35 With Strong Inhibitory Effect on the [ PSI +] Prion Propagation. Front Mol Neurosci 2019; 12:274. [PMID: 31803017 PMCID: PMC6877606 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2019.00274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of [PSI+]-no-more (PNM) mutations, eliminating [PSI+] prion, were previously described in SUP35. In this study, we designed and analyzed a new PNM mutation based on the parallel in-register β-structure of Sup35 prion fibrils suggested by the known experimental data. In such an arrangement, substitution of non-charged residues by charged ones may destabilize the fibril structure. We introduced Q33K/A34K amino acid substitutions into the Sup35 protein, corresponding allele was called sup35-M0. The mutagenized residues were chosen based on ArchCandy in silico prediction of high inhibitory effect on the amyloidogenic potential of Sup35. The experiments confirmed that Sup35-M0 leads to the elimination of [PSI+] with high efficiency. Our data suggested that the elimination of the [PSI+] prion is associated with the decreased aggregation properties of the protein. The new mutation can induce the prion with very low efficiency and is able to propagate only weak [PSI+] prion variants. We also showed that Sup35-M0 protein co-aggregates with the wild-type Sup35 in vivo. Moreover, our data confirmed the utility of the strategy of substitution of non-charged residues by charged ones to design new mutations to inhibit a prion formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lavrentii G Danilov
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Andrew G Matveenko
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Varvara E Ryzhkova
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Mikhail V Belousov
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia.,Laboratory for Proteomics of Supra-Organismal Systems, All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology (ARRIAM), St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Olga I Poleshchuk
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Daria V Likholetova
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Petr A Sokolov
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Polymer Physics, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Nina A Kasyanenko
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Polymer Physics, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Andrey V Kajava
- Centre de Recherche en Biologie cellulaire de Montpellier (CRBM), UMR 5237 CNRS, Université Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Institut de Biologie Computationnelle (IBC), Universitè Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Galina A Zhouravleva
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia.,Laboratory of Amyloid Biology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Stanislav A Bondarev
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia.,Laboratory of Amyloid Biology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
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7
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Khan T, Kandola TS, Wu J, Venkatesan S, Ketter E, Lange JJ, Rodríguez Gama A, Box A, Unruh JR, Cook M, Halfmann R. Quantifying Nucleation In Vivo Reveals the Physical Basis of Prion-like Phase Behavior. Mol Cell 2019; 71:155-168.e7. [PMID: 29979963 PMCID: PMC6086602 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2018.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Protein self-assemblies modulate protein activities over biological timescales that can exceed the lifetimes of the proteins or even the cells that harbor them. We hypothesized that these timescales relate to kinetic barriers inherent to the nucleation of ordered phases. To investigate nucleation barriers in living cells, we developed distributed amphifluoric FRET (DAmFRET). DAmFRET exploits a photoconvertible fluorophore, heterogeneous expression, and large cell numbers to quantify via flow cytometry the extent of a protein's self-assembly as a function of cellular concentration. We show that kinetic barriers limit the nucleation of ordered self-assemblies and that the persistence of the barriers with respect to concentration relates to structure. Supersaturation resulting from sequence-encoded nucleation barriers gave rise to prion behavior and enabled a prion-forming protein, Sup35 PrD, to partition into dynamic intracellular condensates or to form toxic aggregates. Our results suggest that nucleation barriers govern cytoplasmic inheritance, subcellular organization, and proteotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarique Khan
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA
| | - Tejbir S Kandola
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA
| | - Jianzheng Wu
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA; Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | | | - Ellen Ketter
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA
| | - Jeffrey J Lange
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA
| | | | - Andrew Box
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA
| | - Jay R Unruh
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA
| | - Malcolm Cook
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA
| | - Randal Halfmann
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA; Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
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8
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Bondarev SA, Bondareva OV, Zhouravleva GA, Kajava AV. BetaSerpentine: a bioinformatics tool for reconstruction of amyloid structures. Bioinformatics 2018; 34:599-608. [PMID: 29444233 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btx629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Motivation Numerous experimental studies have suggested that polypeptide chains of large amyloidogenic regions zig-zag in β-serpentine arrangements. These β-serpentines are stacked axially and form the superpleated β-structure. Despite this progress in the understanding of amyloid folds, the determination of their 3D structure at the atomic level is still a problem due to the polymorphism of these fibrils and incompleteness of experimental structural data. Today, the way to get insight into the atomic structure of amyloids is a combination of experimental studies with bioinformatics. Results We developed a computer program BetaSerpentine that reconstructs β-serpentine arrangements from individual β-arches predicted by ArchCandy program and ranks them in order of preference. It was shown that the BetaSerpentine program in combination with the experimental data can be used to gain insight into the detailed 3D structure of amyloids. It opens avenues to the structure-based interpretation and design of the experiments. Availability and implementation BetaSerpentine webserver can be accessed through website: http://bioinfo.montp.cnrs.fr/b-serpentine. Source code is available in git.hub repository (github.com/stanislavspbgu/BetaSerpentine). Contact stanislavspbgu@gmail.com or andrey.kajava@crbm.cnrs.fr. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav A Bondarev
- Laboratory of Amyloid Biology and Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, St. Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Olga V Bondareva
- Laboratory of Molecular Systematics, Zoological Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Galina A Zhouravleva
- Laboratory of Amyloid Biology and Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, St. Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Andrey V Kajava
- Structural Bioinformatics and Molecular Modeling, Centre de Recherche en Biologie Cellulaire de Montpellier, CNRS, Université Montpellier, Montpellier 34293, France.,Institut de Biologie Computationnelle, Montpellier 34095, France.,Bioengineering Department, University ITMO, Saint Petersburg, 197101, Russia
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9
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Chan PHW, Lee L, Kim E, Hui T, Stoynov N, Nassar R, Moksa M, Cameron DM, Hirst M, Gsponer J, Mayor T. The [PSI +] yeast prion does not wildly affect proteome composition whereas selective pressure exerted on [PSI +] cells can promote aneuploidy. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8442. [PMID: 28814753 PMCID: PMC5559586 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07999-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The yeast Sup35 protein is a subunit of the translation termination factor, and its conversion to the [PSI +] prion state leads to more translational read-through. Although extensive studies have been done on [PSI +], changes at the proteomic level have not been performed exhaustively. We therefore used a SILAC-based quantitative mass spectrometry approach and identified 4187 proteins from both [psi -] and [PSI +] strains. Surprisingly, there was very little difference between the two proteomes under standard growth conditions. We found however that several [PSI +] strains harbored an additional chromosome, such as chromosome I. Albeit, we found no evidence to support that [PSI +] induces chromosomal instability (CIN). Instead we hypothesized that the selective pressure applied during the establishment of [PSI +]-containing strains could lead to a supernumerary chromosome due to the presence of the ade1-14 selective marker for translational read-through. We therefore verified that there was no prevalence of disomy among newly generated [PSI +] strains in absence of strong selection pressure. We also noticed that low amounts of adenine in media could lead to higher levels of mitochondrial DNA in [PSI +] in ade1-14 cells. Our study has important significance for the establishment and manipulation of yeast strains with the Sup35 prion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick H W Chan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Lisa Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Erin Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Tony Hui
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Nikolay Stoynov
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Roy Nassar
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Michelle Moksa
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Dale M Cameron
- Department of Biology, Ursinus College, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Martin Hirst
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Joerg Gsponer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Thibault Mayor
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada. .,Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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10
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Sulatskaya AI, Rodina NP, Povarova OI, Kuznetsova IM, Turoverov KK. Different conditions of fibrillogenesis cause polymorphism of lysozyme amyloid fibrils. J Mol Struct 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2016.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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11
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Bondarev SA, Likholetova DV, Belousov MV, Zhouravleva GA. Rnq1 protein protects [PSI
+] prion from effect of the PNM mutation. Mol Biol 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893317010058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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12
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Giraldo R, Fernández C, Moreno-del Álamo M, Molina-García L, Revilla-García A, Sánchez-Martínez MC, Giménez-Abián JF, Moreno-Díaz de la Espina S. RepA-WH1 prionoid: Clues from bacteria on factors governing phase transitions in amyloidogenesis. Prion 2017; 10:41-9. [PMID: 27040981 PMCID: PMC4981189 DOI: 10.1080/19336896.2015.1129479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In bacterial plasmids, Rep proteins initiate DNA replication by undergoing a structural transformation coupled to dimer dissociation. Amyloidogenesis of the ‘winged-helix’ N-terminal domain of RepA (WH1) is triggered in vitro upon binding to plasmid-specific DNA sequences, and occurs at the bacterial nucleoid in vivo. Amyloid fibers are made of distorted RepA-WH1 monomers that assemble as single or double intertwined tubular protofilaments. RepA-WH1 causes in E. coli an amyloid proteinopathy, which is transmissible from mother to daughter cells, but not infectious, and enables conformational imprinting in vitro and in vivo; i.e. RepA-WH1 is a ‘prionoid’. Microfluidics allow the assessment of the intracellular dynamics of RepA-WH1: bacterial lineages maintain two types (strains-like) of RepA-WH1 amyloids, either multiple compact cytotoxic particles or a single aggregate with the appearance of a fluidized hydrogel that it is mildly detrimental to growth. The Hsp70 chaperone DnaK governs the phase transition between both types of RepA-WH1 aggregates in vivo, thus modulating the vertical propagation of the prionoid. Engineering chimeras between the Sup35p/[PSI+] prion and RepA-WH1 generates [REP-PSI+], a synthetic prion exhibiting strong and weak phenotypic variants in yeast. These recent findings on a synthetic, self-contained bacterial prionoid illuminate central issues of protein amyloidogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Giraldo
- a Department of Cellular & Molecular Biology , Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas - CSIC , Madrid , Spain
| | - Cristina Fernández
- a Department of Cellular & Molecular Biology , Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas - CSIC , Madrid , Spain
| | - María Moreno-del Álamo
- a Department of Cellular & Molecular Biology , Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas - CSIC , Madrid , Spain
| | - Laura Molina-García
- a Department of Cellular & Molecular Biology , Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas - CSIC , Madrid , Spain
| | - Aída Revilla-García
- a Department of Cellular & Molecular Biology , Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas - CSIC , Madrid , Spain
| | | | - Juan F Giménez-Abián
- a Department of Cellular & Molecular Biology , Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas - CSIC , Madrid , Spain
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13
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Tikhodeyev ON, Tarasov OV, Bondarev SA. Allelic variants of hereditary prions: The bimodularity principle. Prion 2017; 11:4-24. [PMID: 28281926 PMCID: PMC5360123 DOI: 10.1080/19336896.2017.1283463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Modern biology requires modern genetic concepts equally valid for all discovered mechanisms of inheritance, either "canonical" (mediated by DNA sequences) or epigenetic. Applying basic genetic terms such as "gene" and "allele" to protein hereditary factors is one of the necessary steps toward these concepts. The basic idea that different variants of the same prion protein can be considered as alleles has been previously proposed by Chernoff and Tuite. In this paper, the notion of prion allele is further developed. We propose the idea that any prion allele is a bimodular hereditary system that depends on a certain DNA sequence (DNA determinant) and a certain epigenetic mark (epigenetic determinant). Alteration of any of these 2 determinants may lead to establishment of a new prion allele. The bimodularity principle is valid not only for hereditary prions; it seems to be universal for any epigenetic hereditary factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg N. Tikhodeyev
- Department of Genetics & Biotechnology, Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Oleg V. Tarasov
- Department of Genetics & Biotechnology, Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
- Saint-Petersburg Scientific Center of RAS, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Stanislav A. Bondarev
- Department of Genetics & Biotechnology, Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
- The Laboratory of Amyloid Biology, Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
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14
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Distinct Prion Domain Sequences Ensure Efficient Amyloid Propagation by Promoting Chaperone Binding or Processing In Vivo. PLoS Genet 2016; 12:e1006417. [PMID: 27814358 PMCID: PMC5096688 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Prions are a group of proteins that can adopt a spectrum of metastable conformations in vivo. These alternative states change protein function and are self-replicating and transmissible, creating protein-based elements of inheritance and infectivity. Prion conformational flexibility is encoded in the amino acid composition and sequence of the protein, which dictate its ability not only to form an ordered aggregate known as amyloid but also to maintain and transmit this structure in vivo. But, while we can effectively predict amyloid propensity in vitro, the mechanism by which sequence elements promote prion propagation in vivo remains unclear. In yeast, propagation of the [PSI+] prion, the amyloid form of the Sup35 protein, has been linked to an oligopeptide repeat region of the protein. Here, we demonstrate that this region is composed of separable functional elements, the repeats themselves and a repeat proximal region, which are both required for efficient prion propagation. Changes in the numbers of these elements do not alter the physical properties of Sup35 amyloid, but their presence promotes amyloid fragmentation, and therefore maintenance, by molecular chaperones. Rather than acting redundantly, our observations suggest that these sequence elements make complementary contributions to prion propagation, with the repeat proximal region promoting chaperone binding to and the repeats promoting chaperone processing of Sup35 amyloid. Protein misfolding and assembly into ordered aggregates known as amyloid has emerged as a novel mechanism for regulation of protein function. In the case of prion proteins, the resulting amyloid is transmissible, creating protein-based elements of infectivity and inheritance. These unusual properties are linked to the amino acid composition and sequence of the protein, which confer both conformational flexibility and persistence in vivo, the latter of which occurs through mechanisms that are currently poorly understood. Here, we address this open question by studying a region of the yeast prion Sup35 that has been genetically linked to persistence. We find that this region is composed of two separable elements that are both required for efficient persistence of the amyloid. These elements do not contribute to amyloid stability. Rather, they promote distinct aspects of its functional interactions with molecular chaperones, which are required for efficient conformational self-replication and transmission.
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15
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MacLea KS. What Makes a Prion: Infectious Proteins From Animals to Yeast. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2016; 329:227-276. [PMID: 28109329 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2016.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
While philosophers in ancient times had many ideas for the cause of contagion, the modern study of infective agents began with Fracastoro's 1546 proposal that invisible "spores" spread infectious disease. However, firm categorization of the pathogens of the natural world would need to await a mature germ theory that would not arise for 300 years. In the 19th century, the earliest pathogens described were bacteria and other cellular microbes. By the close of that century, the work of Ivanovsky and Beijerinck introduced the concept of a virus, an infective particle smaller than any known cell. Extending into the early-mid-20th century there was an explosive growth in pathogenic microbiology, with a cellular or viral cause identified for nearly every transmissible disease. A few occult pathogens remained to be discovered, including the infectious proteins (prions) proposed by Prusiner in 1982. This review discusses the prions identified in mammals, yeasts, and other organisms, focusing on the amyloid-based prions. I discuss the essential biochemical properties of these agents and the application of this knowledge to diseases of protein misfolding and aggregation, as well as the utility of yeast as a model organism to study prion and amyloid proteins that affect human and animal health. Further, I summarize the ideas emerging out of these studies that the prion concept may go beyond proteinaceous infectious particles and that prions may be a subset of proteins having general nucleating or seeding functions involved in noninfectious as well as infectious pathogenic protein aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- K S MacLea
- University of New Hampshire, Manchester, NH, United States.
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Gasset-Rosa F, Giraldo R. Engineered bacterial hydrophobic oligopeptide repeats in a synthetic yeast prion, [REP-PSI (+)]. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:311. [PMID: 25954252 PMCID: PMC4404881 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The yeast translation termination factor Sup35p, by aggregating as the [PSI (+)] prion, enables ribosomes to read-through stop codons, thus expanding the diversity of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae proteome. Yeast prions are functional amyloids that replicate by templating their conformation on native protein molecules, then assembling as large aggregates and fibers. Prions propagate epigenetically from mother to daughter cells by fragmentation of such assemblies. In the N-terminal prion-forming domain, Sup35p has glutamine/asparagine-rich oligopeptide repeats (OPRs), which enable propagation through chaperone-elicited shearing. We have engineered chimeras by replacing the polar OPRs in Sup35p by up to five repeats of a hydrophobic amyloidogenic sequence from the synthetic bacterial prionoid RepA-WH1. The resulting hybrid, [REP-PSI (+)], (i) was functional in a stop codon read-through assay in S. cerevisiae; (ii) generates weak phenotypic variants upon both its expression or transformation into [psi (-)] cells; (iii) these variants correlated with high molecular weight aggregates resistant to SDS during electrophoresis; and (iv) according to fluorescence microscopy, the fusion of the prion domains from the engineered chimeras to the reporter protein mCherry generated perivacuolar aggregate foci in yeast cells. All these are signatures of bona fide yeast prions. As assessed through biophysical approaches, the chimeras assembled as oligomers rather than as the fibers characteristic of [PSI (+)]. These results suggest that it is the balance between polar and hydrophobic residues in OPRs what determines prion conformational dynamics. In addition, our findings illustrate the feasibility of enabling new propagation traits in yeast prions by engineering OPRs with heterologous amyloidogenic sequence repeats.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rafael Giraldo
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas – Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasMadrid, Spain
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Bondarev SA, Zhouravleva GA, Belousov MV, Kajava AV. Structure-based view on [PSI(+)] prion properties. Prion 2015; 9:190-9. [PMID: 26030475 PMCID: PMC4601339 DOI: 10.1080/19336896.2015.1044186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Revised: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Yeast [PSI(+)] prion is one of the most suitable and well characterized system for the investigation of the prion phenomenon. However, until recently, the lack of data on the 3D arrangement of Sup35p prion fibrils hindered progress in this area. The recent arrival in this field of new experimental techniques led to the parallel and in-register superpleated β-structure as a consensus model for Sup35p fibrils. Here, we analyzed the effect of amino acid substitutions of the Sup35 protein through the prism of this structural model. Application of a newly developed computational approach, called ArchCandy, gives us a better understanding of the effect caused by mutations on the fibril forming potential of Sup35 protein. This bioinformatics tool can be used for the design of new mutations with desired modification of prion properties. Thus, we provide examples of how today, having progress toward elucidation of the structural arrangement of Sup35p fibrils, researchers can advance more efficiently to a better understanding of prion [PSI(+)] stability and propagation.
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Key Words
- Asu mutations, antisupressor mutations
- EM, electron microscopy
- NMR, nuclear magnetic resonance
- PNM, [PSI+] no more
- STEM, scanning transmission electron microscopy
- amyloid, prion, protein misfolding, protein structure, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, superpleated β-structure, [PSI+]
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav A Bondarev
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology; St. Petersburg State University; St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Galina A Zhouravleva
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology; St. Petersburg State University; St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Mikhail V Belousov
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology; St. Petersburg State University; St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Andrey V Kajava
- Centre de Recherches de Biochimie Macromoléculaire; CNRS; Université Montpellier; Montpellier, Cedex 5, France
- University ITMO; St. Petersburg, Russia
- Institut de Biologie Computationnelle; Montpellier, Cedex 5, France
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Distinct amino acid compositional requirements for formation and maintenance of the [PSI⁺] prion in yeast. Mol Cell Biol 2014; 35:899-911. [PMID: 25547291 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.01020-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple yeast prions have been identified that result from the structural conversion of proteins into a self-propagating amyloid form. Amyloid-based prion activity in yeast requires a series of discrete steps. First, the prion protein must form an amyloid nucleus that can recruit and structurally convert additional soluble proteins. Subsequently, maintenance of the prion during cell division requires fragmentation of these aggregates to create new heritable propagons. For the Saccharomyces cerevisiae prion protein Sup35, these different activities are encoded by different regions of the Sup35 prion domain. An N-terminal glutamine/asparagine-rich nucleation domain is required for nucleation and fiber growth, while an adjacent oligopeptide repeat domain is largely dispensable for prion nucleation and fiber growth but is required for chaperone-dependent prion maintenance. Although prion activity of glutamine/asparagine-rich proteins is predominantly determined by amino acid composition, the nucleation and oligopeptide repeat domains of Sup35 have distinct compositional requirements. Here, we quantitatively define these compositional requirements in vivo. We show that aromatic residues strongly promote both prion formation and chaperone-dependent prion maintenance. In contrast, nonaromatic hydrophobic residues strongly promote prion formation but inhibit prion propagation. These results provide insight into why some aggregation-prone proteins are unable to propagate as prions.
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Bondarev SA, Shirokolobova ED, Trubitsina NP, Zhouravleva GA. Modification of [PSI +] prion properties by combining amino acid changes in N-terminal domain of Sup35 protein. Mol Biol 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893314020034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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