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Liu S, Miyaji M, Hosoya O, Matsuo T. Effect of NK-5962 on Gene Expression Profiling of Retina in a Rat Model of Retinitis Pigmentosa. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413276. [PMID: 34948073 PMCID: PMC8703378 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: NK-5962 is a key component of photoelectric dye-coupled polyethylene film, designated Okayama University type-retinal prosthesis (OUReP™). Previously, we found that NK-5962 solution could reduce the number of apoptotic photoreceptors in the eyes of the Royal College of Surgeons (RCS) rats by intravitreal injection under a 12 h light/dark cycle. This study aimed to explore possible molecular mechanisms underlying the anti-apoptotic effect of NK-5962 in the retina of RCS rats. Methods: RCS rats received intravitreal injections of NK-5962 solution in the left eye at the age of 3 and 4 weeks, before the age of 5 weeks when the speed in the apoptotic degeneration of photoreceptors reaches its peak. The vehicle-treated right eyes served as controls. All rats were housed under a 12 h light/dark cycle, and the retinas were dissected out at the age of 5 weeks for RNA sequence (RNA-seq) analysis. For the functional annotation of differentially expressed genes (DEGs), the Metascape and DAVID databases were used. Results: In total, 55 up-regulated DEGs, and one down-regulated gene (LYVE1) were found to be common among samples treated with NK-5962. These DEGs were analyzed using Gene Ontology (GO) term enrichment, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and Reactome pathway analyses. We focused on the up-regulated DEGs that were enriched in extracellular matrix organization, extracellular exosome, and PI3K–Akt signaling pathways. These terms and pathways may relate to mechanisms to protect photoreceptor cells. Moreover, our analyses suggest that SERPINF1, which encodes pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF), is one of the key regulatory genes involved in the anti-apoptotic effect of NK-5962 in RCS rat retinas. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that photoelectric dye NK-5962 may delay apoptotic death of photoreceptor cells in RCS rats by up-regulating genes related to extracellular matrix organization, extracellular exosome, and PI3K–Akt signaling pathways. Overall, our RNA-seq and bioinformatics analyses provide insights in the transcriptome responses in the dystrophic RCS rat retinas that were induced by NK-5962 intravitreal injection and offer potential target genes for developing new therapeutic strategies for patients with retinitis pigmentosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihui Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University, Okayama City 700-8558, Japan;
| | - Mary Miyaji
- Department of Medical Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama City 700-8558, Japan; (M.M.); (O.H.)
| | - Osamu Hosoya
- Department of Medical Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama City 700-8558, Japan; (M.M.); (O.H.)
| | - Toshihiko Matsuo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University, Okayama City 700-8558, Japan;
- Correspondence:
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2
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Davila-Avila N, Muñiz-Ruvalcaba FP, Hernandez-Zimbron LF, Gonzalez-Salinas R, Corredor-Ortega C, Perez-Vazquez J, Soberon S, Quiroz-Mercado H. Expression of Fibulin-2 and Fibulin-5 on subretinal fluid in human primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Exp Eye Res 2020; 194:107992. [PMID: 32151522 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2020.107992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ned Davila-Avila
- Asociación Para Evitar La Ceguera en México I.A.P, Vicente García Torres 46, Barrio San Lucas, 04030, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Frida P Muñiz-Ruvalcaba
- Research Department, Asociación Para Evitar La Ceguera en México I.A.P, Vicente García Torres 46, Barrio San Lucas, 04030, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Luis Fernando Hernandez-Zimbron
- Research Department, Asociación Para Evitar La Ceguera en México I.A.P, Vicente García Torres 46, Barrio San Lucas, 04030, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, Mexico; Department of Biochemistry, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Roberto Gonzalez-Salinas
- Research Department, Asociación Para Evitar La Ceguera en México I.A.P, Vicente García Torres 46, Barrio San Lucas, 04030, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Claudia Corredor-Ortega
- Asociación Para Evitar La Ceguera en México I.A.P, Vicente García Torres 46, Barrio San Lucas, 04030, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, Mexico; Anterior Segment Department, Asociación para Evitar la Ceguera en México, México City, Mexico
| | - Jose Perez-Vazquez
- Asociación Para Evitar La Ceguera en México I.A.P, Vicente García Torres 46, Barrio San Lucas, 04030, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Santiago Soberon
- Asociación Para Evitar La Ceguera en México I.A.P, Vicente García Torres 46, Barrio San Lucas, 04030, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Hugo Quiroz-Mercado
- Research Department, Asociación Para Evitar La Ceguera en México I.A.P, Vicente García Torres 46, Barrio San Lucas, 04030, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
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Abstract
Fibulin-2, an extracellular matrix (ECM) protein expressed in normal epithelia, is a kind of fibulin which is associated with basement membranes (BM) and elastic ECM fibers. The role of fibulin-2 has been recognized as an oncogene. The upregulation of fibulin-2 correlates with cancer development and progression. Furthermore, the upregulation of fibulin has been detected in ovarian cancer and stomach adenocarcinoma. However, the downregulation of fibulin has been detected in different intestinal and respiratory tumor cells. Additional studies have revealed that the role of fibulin-2 in carcinogenesis is context dependent and is caused by the interaction of fibulin proteins such as cell surface receptors and other ECM proteins, including integrins and syndecans. The present study summarizes the role of fibulin in carcinogenesis and its underlying molecular mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huayue Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Yueyang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Dengcheng Hui
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Xiaoling Fu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Yueyang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China (mainland)
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4
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Role of Fibulins 2 and 5 in Retinal Development and Maintenance. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1074:275-280. [PMID: 29721953 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-75402-4_33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Fibulins 2 and 5 are part of a seven-member family of proteins integral to the retinal extracellular matrix. Our study aimed to further explore the roles of both fibulins in retinal function. We obtained knockout mouse models of both fibulins and performed immunohistochemistry, electroretinography, and histology to investigate the outcome of eliminating these proteins. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that both fibulins are localized to the RPE, choroid, and Bruch's membrane. Functional testing showed a significantly reduced scotopic A response at 1 month of age, when compared to their wild-type counterpart. This functional reduction remained constant throughout the age of the animal and only declined as a result of normal aging. The functional decline was associated with reduced number of photoreceptor cells. The results presented clearly demonstrate that fibulins 2 and 5, as extracellular proteins, are necessary for normal retinal development.
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Niewczas MA, Mathew AV, Croall S, Byun J, Major M, Sabisetti VS, Smiles A, Bonventre JV, Pennathur S, Krolewski AS. Circulating Modified Metabolites and a Risk of ESRD in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease. Diabetes Care 2017; 40:383-390. [PMID: 28087576 PMCID: PMC5319475 DOI: 10.2337/dc16-0173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) with impaired renal function are at increased risk for end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Although the rate of progression varies, determinants and mechanisms of this variation are unknown. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We examined serum metabolomic profiles associated with variation in renal function decline in participants with T1D (the Joslin Kidney Study prospective cohort). One hundred fifty-eight patients with proteinuria and chronic kidney disease stage 3 were followed for a median of 11 years to determine estimated glomerular filtration rate slopes from serial measurements of serum creatinine and to ascertain time to onset of ESRD. Baseline serum samples were subjected to global metabolomic profiling. RESULTS One hundred ten amino acids and purine and pyrimidine metabolites were detected in at least 80% of participants. Serum levels of seven modified metabolites (C-glycosyltryptophan, pseudouridine, O-sulfotyrosine, N-acetylthreonine, N-acetylserine, N6-carbamoylthreonyladenosine, and N6-acetyllysine) were associated with renal function decline and time to ESRD (P < 0.001) independent of the relevant clinical covariates. The significant metabolites correlated with one another and with the indices of tubular injury. CONCLUSIONS This prospective cohort study in participants with T1D, proteinuria, and impaired renal function at baseline demonstrated that patients with increased circulating levels of certain modified metabolites experience faster renal function decline, leading to ESRD. Whether some of these candidate metabolites are risk factors or just prognostic biomarkers of progression to ESRD in T1D needs to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika A Niewczas
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA .,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Anna V Mathew
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | | | - Jaeman Byun
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Melissa Major
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA
| | | | - Adam Smiles
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA
| | - Joseph V Bonventre
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Subramaniam Pennathur
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Andrzej S Krolewski
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Emery M, Nanchen N, Preitner F, Ibberson M, Roduit R. Biological Characterization of Gene Response to Insulin-Induced Hypoglycemia in Mouse Retina. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0150266. [PMID: 26918849 PMCID: PMC4769281 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucose is the most important metabolic substrate of the retina and maintenance of normoglycemia is an essential challenge for diabetic patients. Chronic, exaggerated, glycemic excursions could lead to cardiovascular diseases, nephropathy, neuropathy and retinopathy. We recently showed that hypoglycemia induced retinal cell death in mouse via caspase 3 activation and glutathione (GSH) decrease. Ex vivo experiments in 661W photoreceptor cells confirmed the low-glucose induction of death via superoxide production and activation of caspase 3, which was concomitant with a decrease of GSH content. We evaluate herein retinal gene expression 4 h and 48 h after insulin-induced hypoglycemia. Microarray analysis demonstrated clusters of genes whose expression was modified by hypoglycemia and we discuss the potential implication of those genes in retinal cell death. In addition, we identify by gene set enrichment analysis, three important pathways, including lysosomal function, GSH metabolism and apoptotic pathways. Then we tested the effect of recurrent hypoglycemia (three successive 4h periods of hypoglycemia spaced by 48 h recovery) on retinal cell death. Interestingly, exposure to multiple hypoglycemic events prevented GSH decrease and retinal cell death, or adapted the retina to external stress by restoring GSH level comparable to control situation. We hypothesize that scavenger GSH is a key compound in this apoptotic process, and maintaining "normal" GSH level, as well as a strict glycemic control, represents a therapeutic challenge in order to avoid side effects of diabetes, especially diabetic retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martine Emery
- IRO, Institute for Research in Ophthalmology, Sion, Switzerland
| | - Natacha Nanchen
- IRO, Institute for Research in Ophthalmology, Sion, Switzerland
| | - Frédéric Preitner
- Mouse Metabolic Evaluation Facility, Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mark Ibberson
- Vital-IT Group, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Raphaël Roduit
- IRO, Institute for Research in Ophthalmology, Sion, Switzerland
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Lausanne, Jules-Gonin Eye Hospital, Fondation Asile des Aveugles, Lausanne, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
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Kanan Y, Al-Ubaidi MR. Identification of Tyrosine O Sulfated Proteins in Cow Retina and the 661W Cell Line. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 854:649-54. [PMID: 26427471 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-17121-0_86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Lack of tyrosine O Sulfation compromises both rod and cone electroretinographic responses emphasizing the importance of this post-translational modification for vision. To identify tyrosine sulfated proteins in retina, cow retinal lysates were subjected to immunoaffinity purification using an anti-sulfotyrosine antibody. The tyrosine sulfated proteins were eluted from the column using a sulfotyrosine pentapeptide and identified using mass spectrometry. Similarly, tyrosine sulfated proteins secreted by the 661W cell line were identified. Proteins identified were vitronectin, fibronectin, fibulin 2, nidogen, collagen V alpha 2, complement component 3 and C4 and fibrinogen beta. All proteins were subjected to analysis by 'Sulfinator' to determine potential sulfated tyrosines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogita Kanan
- Departments of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 73104, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
| | - Muayyad R Al-Ubaidi
- Departments of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 73104, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
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Role of tyrosine-sulfated proteins in retinal structure and function. Exp Eye Res 2015; 133:126-31. [PMID: 25819460 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2014.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2014] [Revised: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) plays a significant role in cellular and retinal health. The study of retinal tyrosine-sulfated proteins is an important first step toward understanding the role of ECM in retinal health and diseases. These secreted proteins are members of the retinal ECM. Tyrosine sulfation was shown to be necessary for the development of proper retinal structure and function. The importance of tyrosine sulfation is further demonstrated by the evolutionary presence of tyrosylprotein sulfotransferases, enzymes that catalyze proteins' tyrosine sulfation, and the compensatory abilities of these enzymes. Research has identified four tyrosine-sulfated retinal proteins: fibulin 2, vitronectin, complement factor H (CFH), and opticin. Vitronectin and CFH regulate the activation of the complement system and are involved in the etiology of some cases of age-related macular degeneration. Analysis of the role of tyrosine sulfation in fibulin function showed that sulfation influences the protein's ability to regulate growth and migration. Although opticin was recently shown to exhibit anti-angiogenic properties, it is not yet determined what role sulfation plays in that function. Future studies focusing on identifying all of the tyrosine-sulfated retinal proteins would be instrumental in determining the impact of sulfation on retinal protein function in retinal homeostasis and diseases.
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9
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogita Kanan
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center Oklahoma City Oklahoma
| | - Muayyad R. Al Ubaidi
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center Oklahoma City Oklahoma
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10
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Kanan Y, Siefert JC, Kinter M, Al-Ubaidi MR. Complement factor H, vitronectin, and opticin are tyrosine-sulfated proteins of the retinal pigment epithelium. PLoS One 2014; 9:e105409. [PMID: 25136834 PMCID: PMC4138151 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0105409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Lack of tyrosine sulfation of ocular proteins results in disorganized photoreceptor structure and drastically reduced visual function, demonstrating the importance of this post-translational modification to vision. To understand the role that tyrosine sulfation plays in the function of ocular proteins, we identified some tyrosine-sulfated proteins in the retinal pigment epithelium using two independent methods, immuno-affinity column purification with an anti-sulfotyrosine specific antibody and computer-based sequence analysis of retinal pigment epithelium secretome by means of the prediction program Sulfinator. Radioactive labeling followed by thin layer electrophoresis revealed that three proteins, vitronectin, opticin, and complement factor H (CFH), were post-translationally modified by tyrosine sulfation. The identification of vitronectin and CFH as tyrosine-sulfated proteins is significant, since both are deposited in drusen in the eyes of patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Furthermore, mutations in CFH have been determined to be a major risk factor in the development of AMD. Future studies that seek to understand the role of CFH in the development of AMD should take into account the role that tyrosine sulfation plays in the interaction of this protein with its partners, and examine whether modulating sulfation provides a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogita Kanan
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Joseph C. Siefert
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Michael Kinter
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
- Free Radical Biology and Aging Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Muayyad R. Al-Ubaidi
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
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