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Golovina E, Heizer T, Daumova L, Bajecny M, Fontana S, Griggio V, Jones R, Coscia M, Riganti C, Savvulidi Vargova K. MiR-155 deficiency and hypoxia results in metabolism switch in the leukemic B-cells. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:251. [PMID: 39020347 PMCID: PMC11256420 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03437-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia represents one of the key factors that stimulates the growth of leukemic cells in their niche. Leukemic cells in hypoxic conditions are forced to reprogram their original transcriptome, miRNome, and metabolome. How the coupling of microRNAs (miRNAs)/mRNAs helps to maintain or progress the leukemic status is still not fully described. MiRNAs regulate practically all biological processes within cells and play a crucial role in the development/progression of leukemia. In the present study, we aimed to uncover the impact of hsa-miR-155-5p (miR-155, MIR155HG) on the metabolism, proliferation, and mRNA/miRNA network of human chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells (CLL) in hypoxic conditions. As a model of CLL, we used the human MEC-1 cell line where we deleted mature miR-155 with CRISPR/Cas9. We determined that miR-155 deficiency in leukemic MEC-1 cells results in lower proliferation even in hypoxic conditions in comparison to MEC-1 control cells. Additionally, in MEC-1 miR-155 deficient cells we observed decreased number of populations of cells in S phase. The miR-155 deficiency under hypoxic conditions was accompanied by an increased apoptosis. We detected a stimulatory effect of miR-155 deficiency and hypoxia at the level of gene expression, seen in significant overexpression of EGLN1, GLUT1, GLUT3 in MEC-1 miR-155 deficient cells. MiR-155 deficiency and hypoxia resulted in increase of glucose and lactate uptake. Pyruvate, ETC and ATP were reduced. To conclude, miR-155 deficiency and hypoxia affects glucose and lactate metabolism by stimulating the expression of glucose transporters as GLUT1, GLUT3, and EGLN1 [Hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase 2 (HIF-PH2)] genes in the MEC-1 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Golovina
- Institute of Pathological Physiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Heizer
- Institute of Pathological Physiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- Center for Advanced Preclinical Imaging (CAPI), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Daumova
- Institute Biocev, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Bajecny
- Institute of Pathological Physiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Simona Fontana
- Oncological Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Valentina Griggio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino and Division of Hematology, A.O.U. Città Della Salute E Della Scienza Di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Rebecca Jones
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino and Division of Hematology, A.O.U. Città Della Salute E Della Scienza Di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Marta Coscia
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino and Division of Hematology, A.O.U. Città Della Salute E Della Scienza Di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Chiara Riganti
- Oncological Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Karina Savvulidi Vargova
- Institute of Pathological Physiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
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Vávra J, Pavelcová K, Mašínová J, Hasíková L, Bubeníková E, Urbanová A, Mančíková A, Stibůrková B. Examining the Association of Rare Allelic Variants in Urate Transporters SLC22A11, SLC22A13, and SLC17A1 with Hyperuricemia and Gout. DISEASE MARKERS 2024; 2024:5930566. [PMID: 38222853 PMCID: PMC10787658 DOI: 10.1155/2024/5930566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Genetic variations in urate transporters play a significant role in determining human urate levels and have been implicated in developing hyperuricemia or gout. Polymorphism in the key urate transporters, such as ABCG2, URAT1, or GLUT9 was well-documented in the literature. Therefore in this study, our objective was to determine the frequency and effect of rare nonsynonymous allelic variants of SLC22A11, SLC22A13, and SLC17A1 on urate transport. In a cohort of 150 Czech patients with primary hyperuricemia and gout, we examined all coding regions and exon-intron boundaries of SLC22A11, SLC22A13, and SLC17A1 using PCR amplification and Sanger sequencing. For comparison, we used a control group consisting of 115 normouricemic subjects. To examine the effects of the rare allelic nonsynonymous variants on the expression, intracellular processing, and urate transporter protein function, we performed a functional characterization using the HEK293A cell line, immunoblotting, fluorescent microscopy, and site directed mutagenesis for preparing variants in vitro. Variants p.V202M (rs201209258), p.R343L (rs75933978), and p.P519L (rs144573306) were identified in the SLC22A11 gene (OAT4 transporter); variants p.R16H (rs72542450), and p.R102H (rs113229654) in the SLC22A13 gene (OAT10 transporter); and the p.W75C variant in the SLC17A1 gene (NPT1 transporter). All variants minimally affected protein levels and cytoplasmic/plasma membrane localization. The functional in vitro assay revealed that contrary to the native proteins, variants p.P519L in OAT4 (p ≤ 0.05), p.R16H in OAT10 (p ≤ 0.05), and p.W75C in the NPT1 transporter (p ≤ 0.01) significantly limited urate transport activity. Our findings contribute to a better understanding of (1) the risk of urate transporter-related hyperuricemia/gout and (2) uric acid handling in the kidneys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiří Vávra
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | | | | | - Eliška Bubeníková
- Institute of Rheumatology, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Rheumatology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Aneta Urbanová
- 1st Department of Medicine, Department of Hematology; First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Andrea Mančíková
- Department of Staphylococcal and Food-Borne Bacterial Infections, The National Institute of Public Health, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Blanka Stibůrková
- Institute of Rheumatology, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Rheumatology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Pediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
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3
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Cachau R, Shahsavari S, Cho SK. The in-silico evaluation of important GLUT9 residue for uric acid transport based on renal hypouricemia type 2. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 373:110378. [PMID: 36736875 PMCID: PMC10596759 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Uric acid is the end product of purine metabolism. Uric acid transporters in the renal proximal tubule plays a key role in uric acid transport. Functional abnormalities in these transporters could lead to high or low levels of uric acid in the blood plasma, known as hyperuricemia and hypouricemia, respectively. GLUT9 has been reported as a key transporter for uric acid reuptake in renal proximal tubule. GLUT9 mutation is known as causal gene for renal hypouricemia due to defective uric acid uptake, with more severe cases resulting in urolithiasis and exercise induced acute kidney injury (EIAKI). However, the effect of mutation is not fully investigated and hard to predict the change of binding affinity. We comprehensively described the effect of GLUT9 mutation for uric acid transport using molecular dynamics and investigated the specific site for uric acid binding differences. R171C and R380W showed the significant disruption of the structure not affecting transport dynamics whereas L75R, G216R, N333S, and P412R showed the reduced affinity of the extracellular vestibular area towards urate. Interestingly, T125 M showed a significant increase in intracellular binding energy, associated with distorted geometries. We can use this classification to consider the effect mutations by comparing the transport profiles of mutants against those of chemical candidates for transport and providing new perspectives to urate lowering drug discovery using GLUT9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raul Cachau
- Integrated Data Science Section, Research Technologies Branch, National Institute of Allergies and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Sung Kweon Cho
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA; Department of Pharmacology Ajou University, School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea.
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Zhou Z, Dong Y, Zhou H, Liu J, Zhao W. MiR-143-3p directly targets GLUT9 to reduce uric acid reabsorption and inflammatory response of renal tubular epithelial cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 517:413-420. [PMID: 31378369 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.07.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
GLUT9 is generally considered to be associated with the uric acid transport, which plays an important role in the regulation of serum uric acid level. In this study, the expression level of miR-143-3p was significantly decreased in hyperuricemia mice model group compared with the normal control by miRNA microarray, the same results were confirmed in the hyperuricemia patients and the healthy control group. It is predicted that GLUT9 may be the target gene of miR-143-3p by target scan and other net-software. GLUT9 as the downstream target gene of miR-143-3p was determinated by fluorescence enzyme activity assay. Western blotting and qRT-PCR indicated that the expression of GLUT9 in human renal tubular epithelial cells transfected with miR-143-3p mimics was significantly reduced. Meanwhile inflammatory factors IL-1β and MCP-1 significantly decreased. In conclusion, miR-143-3p can reduce uric acid reabsorption by inhibiting its downstream target gene GLUT9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Zhou
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Tianjin Medical University), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Ya Dong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Tianjin Medical University), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Hanchi Zhou
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Tianjin Medical University), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Jia Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Tianjin Medical University), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Tianjin Medical University), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin, 300134, China.
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5
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Zhang B, Duan M, Long B, Zhang B, Wang D, Zhang Y, Chen J, Huang X, Jiao Y, Zhu L, Zeng X. Urate transport capacity of glucose transporter 9 and urate transporter 1 in cartilage chondrocytes. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:1645-1654. [PMID: 31257523 PMCID: PMC6625399 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic gouty arthritis, caused by a persistent increase in, and the deposition of, soluble uric acid (sUA), can induce pathological chondrocyte destruction; however, the effects of urate transport and intracellular sUA on chondrocyte functionality and viability are yet to be fully determined. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate the presence and functionality of a urate transport system in chondrocytes. The expression profiles of two primary urate reabsorptive transporters, glucose transporter 9 (GLUT9) and urate transporter 1 (URAT1), in human articular cartilage and chondrocyte cell lines were examined via western blotting, reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. Then, chondrocytes were incubated with exogenous sUA at increasing concentrations. Negative control assays were conducted via the specific knockdown of GLUT9 and URAT1 with lentiviral short hairpin (sh)RNAs, and by pretreatment with benzbromarone, a known inhibitor of the two transporters. Intracellular UA concentrations were measured using colorimetric assays. The expression levels of GLUT9 and URAT1 were determined in cartilage tissues and chondrocyte cell lines. Incubation of chondrocytes with sUA led to a concentration-dependent increase in intracellular urate concentrations, which was inhibited by GLUT9 or URAT1 knockdown, or by benzbromarone pretreatment (27.13±2.70, 44.22±2.34 and 58.46±2.32% reduction, respectively). In particular, benzbromarone further decreased the already-reduced intracellular UA concentrations in HC-shGLUT9 and HC-shURAT1 cells by 46.79±2.46 and 39.79±2.22%, respectively. Cells overexpressing GLUT9 and URAT1 were used as the positive cell control, which showed increased intracellular UA concentrations that could be reversed by treatment with benzbromarone. In conclusion, chondrocytes may possess an active UA transport system. GLUT9 and URAT1 functioned synergistically to transport UA into the chondrocyte cytoplasm, which was inhibited by specific gene knockdowns and drug-induced inhibition. These results may be fundamental in the further investigation of the pathological changes to chondrocytes induced by sUA during gouty arthritis, and identified UA transport processes as potential targets for the early control of chronic gouty arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingqing Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Mengyuan Duan
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, P.R. China
| | - Bo Long
- Central Research Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Baozhong Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Dongmei Wang
- Department of Neurology, Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of General Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Jialin Chen
- Department of General Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoming Huang
- Department of General Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Yang Jiao
- Department of General Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, P.R. China
| | - Xuejun Zeng
- Department of General Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
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6
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Genetic contributors to serum uric acid levels in Mexicans and their effect on premature coronary artery disease. Int J Cardiol 2019; 279:168-173. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.09.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Large-scale whole-exome sequencing association studies identify rare functional variants influencing serum urate levels. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4228. [PMID: 30315176 PMCID: PMC6185909 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06620-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Elevated serum urate levels can cause gout, an excruciating disease with suboptimal treatment. Previous GWAS identified common variants with modest effects on serum urate. Here we report large-scale whole-exome sequencing association studies of serum urate and kidney function among ≤19,517 European ancestry and African-American individuals. We identify aggregate associations of low-frequency damaging variants in the urate transporters SLC22A12 (URAT1; p = 1.3 × 10−56) and SLC2A9 (p = 4.5 × 10−7). Gout risk in rare SLC22A12 variant carriers is halved (OR = 0.5, p = 4.9 × 10−3). Selected rare variants in SLC22A12 are validated in transport studies, confirming three as loss-of-function (R325W, R405C, and T467M) and illustrating the therapeutic potential of the new URAT1-blocker lesinurad. In SLC2A9, mapping of rare variants of large effects onto the predicted protein structure reveals new residues that may affect urate binding. These findings provide new insights into the genetic architecture of serum urate, and highlight molecular targets in SLC22A12 and SLC2A9 for lowering serum urate and preventing gout. Elevated serum urate levels are a risk factor for gout. Here, Tin et al. perform whole-exome sequencing in 19,517 individuals and detect low-frequency genetic variants in urate transporter genes, SLC22A12 and SLC2A9, associated with serum urate levels and confirm their damaging nature in vitro and in silico.
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Abstract
Xenopus laevis oocytes are a useful heterologous expression system for expressing glucose transporters (GLUTs) and examining their functions. In this chapter, we provide a detailed protocol on oocyte extraction and preparation for GLUT9 protein expression. Furthermore, we describe the determination of GLUT9 overexpression level by biotinylation and Western blotting analysis. Finally, we also describe how GLUT9-expressing oocytes can be used to measure urate kinetics by radioisotopes as well as two-microelectrode voltage clamping techniques.
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Ruiz A, Gautschi I, Schild L, Bonny O. Human Mutations in SLC2A9 (Glut9) Affect Transport Capacity for Urate. Front Physiol 2018; 9:476. [PMID: 29967582 PMCID: PMC6016318 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
SLC2A9 or Glut9 is a voltage sensitive urate transporter, mainly expressed in the kidneys, the liver, and the intestine. Human Glut9 loss-of-function mutations were identified in familial hypouricemia, and several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were associated with lower serum urate, further indicating that Glut9 is a major determinant of serum uric acid level. To get insights in Glut9 transport characteristics, we systematically analyzed the function of known human Glut9 mutants using 14C-urate uptake assay and two-electrode voltage clamp (TEVC) in the Xenopus laevis oocyte expression system. Surface expression was assessed by immunostaining and biotinylation. We found decreased urate transport by flux studies for most of the variants. No variant was permissive for glucose transport. We could further differentiate two behaviors among the mutants: those harboring poor overall and cell-surface expression leading to low activity and those fully expressed at the cell surface, but presenting decreased activity. We studied the latter by TEVC and observed, in depolarized conditions, decreased inward currents measured in presence of 400 μM urate, partially reversed in 1 mM urate. In addition, we showed that C210F displays lower transport ability. By contrast, N333S showed decreased urate transport activity and urate affinity, suggesting that it may belong to the urate binding pocket. Systematic analysis of Glut9 mutants confirms Glut9 as putative target for the treatment of hyperuricemia and brings new insights in Glut9 structure – function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Ruiz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ivan Gautschi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laurent Schild
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Bonny
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Service of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
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YI XL, LI J, MENG DM, LIU YJ, LIU YH, MA HM, YUAN Y, XING SC. An Intron Variant of SLC2A9 Increases the Risk for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Complicated with Hyperuricemia in Chinese Male Population. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 47:844-851. [PMID: 30087870 PMCID: PMC6077636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to explore the associations of haplotypes of the glucose transporter 9 (SLC2A9) genes with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) complicated with hyperuricemia (HUA). METHODS Overall, 608 Chinese males, enrolled from the Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Qingdao University in 2009-2012, were genotyped. The subjects included 167 withT2DM (average age of onset (58.07±11.82 yr), 198 with HUA subjects (average age of onset (39.20±9.73) yr), 115 with T2DM complicated with HUA (average age of onset (51.24±10.09) yr), and 128 control subjects (average age (41.92±10.01) yr). Patients genotypes of the SNPs; including rs734553 was determined by PCR method. Each genotype was regressed assuming the co-dominant, dominant and the recessive models of inheritance with covariates of duration of total glucose, uric acid, urea nitrogen, triglyceride, cholesterol, and creatinine levels. RESULTS Chi-square test revealed that rs734553polymorphism was both significantly associated with HUA as well as T2DM complicated HUA, but not with pure T2DM. After adjustment for age and gender, analysis showed that people with C allele had higher risk of HUA and T2DM complicated HUA than those without C allele. And none of the subjects had the homozygous genotype for SLC2A9 (CC). CONCLUSION The SLC2A9 mutation increases the risk for T2DM complicated HUA in Chinese population, which suggested that intron variants between two relatively conserved exons could also be associated with diseases. In patients of T2DM complicated with HUA, the diagnosis and detection of SLC2A9 gene variants should be caused enough attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan-Long YI
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jiang LI
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Dong-Mei MENG
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yan-Jun LIU
- The College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan-Hong LIU
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hong-Min MA
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ying YUAN
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China,Corresponding Author:
| | - Shi-Chao XING
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China, Dept. of Scientific Research Shandong Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China,Corresponding Author:
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Lee J, Lee Y, Park B, Won S, Han JS, Heo NJ. Genome-wide association analysis identifies multiple loci associated with kidney disease-related traits in Korean populations. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0194044. [PMID: 29558500 PMCID: PMC5860731 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an important social health problem characterized by a decrease in the kidney glomerular filtration rate (GFR). In this study, we analyzed genome-wide association studies for kidney disease-related traits using data from a Korean adult health screening cohort comprising 7,064 participants. Kidney disease-related traits analyzed include blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine, estimated GFR, and uric acid levels. We detected two genetic loci (SLC14A2 and an intergenic region) and 8 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with BUN, 3 genetic loci (BCAS3, C17orf82, ALDH2) and 6 SNPs associated with serum creatinine, 3 genetic loci (BCAS3, C17orf82/TBX2, LRP2) and 7 SNPs associated with GFR, and 14 genetic loci (3 in ABCG2/PKD2, 2 in SLC2A9, 3 in intergenic regions on chromosome 4; OTUB1, NRXN2/SLC22A12, CDC42BPG, RPS6KA4, SLC22A9, and MAP4K2 on chromosome 11) and 84 SNPs associated with uric acid levels. By comparing significant genetic loci associated with serum creatinine levels and GFR, rs9895661 in BCAS3 and rs757608 in C17orf82 were simultaneously associated with both traits. The SNPs rs11710227 in intergenic regions on chromosome 3 showing significant association with BUN is newly discovered. Genetic variations of multiple gene loci are associated with kidney disease-related traits, and differences in associations between kidney disease-related traits and genetic variation are dependent on the population. The meanings of the mutations identified in this study will need to be reaffirmed in other population groups in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeonghwan Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Lee
- Veterans Medical Research Institute, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Boram Park
- Department of Public Health Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sungho Won
- Department of Public Health Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program of Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Suk Han
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Nam Ju Heo
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- * E-mail:
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Soueidan OM, Scully TW, Kaur J, Panigrahi R, Belovodskiy A, Do V, Matier CD, Lemieux MJ, Wuest F, Cheeseman C, West FG. Fluorescent Hexose Conjugates Establish Stringent Stereochemical Requirement by GLUT5 for Recognition and Transport of Monosaccharides. ACS Chem Biol 2017; 12:1087-1094. [PMID: 28205432 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.6b01101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The specificity characteristics of transporters can be exploited for the development of novel diagnostic therapeutic probes. The facilitated hexose transporter family (GLUTs) has a distinct set of preferences for monosaccharide substrates, and while some are expressed ubiquitously (e.g., GLUT1), others are quite tissue specific (e.g., GLUT5, which is overexpressed in some breast cancer tissues). While these differences have enabled the development of new molecular probes based upon hexose- and tissue-selective uptake, substrate design for compounds targeting these GLUT transporters has been encumbered by a limited understanding of the molecular interactions at play in hexose binding and transport. Four new fluorescently labeled hexose derivatives have been prepared, and their transport characteristics were examined in two breast cancer cell lines expressing mainly GLUTs 1, 2, and 5. Our results demonstrate, for the first time, a stringent stereochemical requirement for recognition and transport by GLUT5. 6-NBDF, in which all substituents are in the d-fructose configuration, is taken up rapidly into both cell lines via GLUT5. On the other hand, inversion of a single stereocenter at C-3 (6-NBDP), C-4 (6-NBDT), or C-5 (6-NDBS) results in selective transport via GLUT1. An in silico docking study employing the recently published GLUT5 crystal structure confirms this stereochemical dependence. This work provides insight into hexose-GLUT interactions at the molecular level and will facilitate structure-based design of novel substrates targeting individual members of the GLUT family and forms the basis of new cancer imaging or therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier-Mohamad Soueidan
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2
- Department
of Physiology, University of Alberta, 7-55 Medical Sciences Building, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2H7
| | - Thomas W. Scully
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2
| | - Jatinder Kaur
- Department
of Oncology, University of Alberta, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 1Z2
| | - Rashmi Panigrahi
- Department
of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, 451 Medical Sciences Building, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2H7
| | - Alexandr Belovodskiy
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2
| | - Victor Do
- Department
of Physiology, University of Alberta, 7-55 Medical Sciences Building, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2H7
| | - Carson D. Matier
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2
| | - M. Joanne Lemieux
- Department
of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, 451 Medical Sciences Building, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2H7
| | - Frank Wuest
- Department
of Oncology, University of Alberta, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 1Z2
| | - Chris Cheeseman
- Department
of Physiology, University of Alberta, 7-55 Medical Sciences Building, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2H7
| | - F. G. West
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2
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13
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Long W, Panigrahi R, Panwar P, Wong K, O′Neill D, Chen XZ, Lemieux MJ, Cheeseman CI. Identification of Key Residues for Urate Specific Transport in Human Glucose Transporter 9 (hSLC2A9). Sci Rep 2017; 7:41167. [PMID: 28117388 PMCID: PMC5259734 DOI: 10.1038/srep41167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Human glucose transporter 9 (hSLC2A9) is critical in human urate homeostasis, for which very small deviations can lead to chronic or acute metabolic disorders. Human SLC2A9 is unique in that it transports hexoses as well as the organic anion, urate. This ability is in contrast to other homologous sugar transporters such as glucose transporters 1 and 5 (SLC2A1 &SLC2A5) and the xylose transporter (XylE), despite the fact that these transporters have similar protein structures. Our in silico substrate docking study has revealed that urate and fructose bind within the same binding pocket in hSLC2A9, yet with distinct orientations, and allowed us to identify novel residues for urate binding. Our functional studies confirmed that N429 is a key residue for both urate binding and transport. We have shown that cysteine residues, C181, C301 and C459 in hSLC2A9 are also essential elements for mediating urate transport. Additional data from chimæric protein analysis illustrated that transmembrane helix 7 of hSLC2A9 is necessary for urate transport but not sufficient to allow urate transport to be induced in glucose transporter 5 (hSLC2A5). These data indicate that urate transport in hSLC2A9 involves several structural elements rather than just a unique substrate binding pocket.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentong Long
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada
| | - Rashmi Panigrahi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada
| | - Pankaj Panwar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kenneth Wong
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada
| | - Debbie O′Neill
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada
| | - Xing-Zhen Chen
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada
| | - M. Joanne Lemieux
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada
| | - Chris I. Cheeseman
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada
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14
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Zhang XC, Han L. How does the chemical potential of the substrate drive a uniporter? Protein Sci 2016; 25:933-7. [PMID: 26807918 DOI: 10.1002/pro.2885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Revised: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Uniporters are a large class of transporters mediating facilitated diffusion of substrates along the direction of the substrate concentration gradient. Recently, structures of several important uniporters have been reported; however, the precise mechanisms of uniporter function remain subject of debate. Here, we present a series of general thermodynamic descriptions of uniporters, aimed at understanding the structure-function relationship of uniporters, and in particular to reconcile biochemical phenomena of uniporters with our previously proposed thermodynamic model of general transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejun C Zhang
- National Laboratory of Macromolecules, National Center of Protein Science-Beijing, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Lei Han
- National Laboratory of Macromolecules, National Center of Protein Science-Beijing, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
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