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Guha M, Singh A, Butzin NC. Gram-positive bacteria are primed for surviving lethal doses of antibiotics and chemical stress. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.28.596288. [PMID: 38895422 PMCID: PMC11185512 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.28.596288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance kills millions worldwide yearly. However, a major contributor to recurrent infections lies in a small fraction of bacterial cells, known as persisters. These cells are not inherently antibiotic-resistant, yet they lead to increased antibiotic usage, raising the risk of developing resistant progenies. In a bacterial population, individual cells exhibit considerable fluctuations in their gene expression levels despite being cultivated under identical, stable conditions. This variability in cell-to-cell characteristics (phenotypic diversity) within an isogenic population enables persister cells to withstand antibiotic exposure by entering a non-dividing state. We recently showed the existence of "primed cells" in E. coli. Primed cells are dividing cells prepared for antibiotic stress before encountering it and are more prone to form persisters. They also pass their "prepared state" down for several generations through epigenetic memory. Here, we show that primed cells are common among distant bacterial lineages, allowing for survival against antibiotics and other chemical stress, and form in different growth phases. They are also responsible for increased persister levels in transition and stationary phases compared to the log phase. We tested and showed that the Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus megaterium, evolutionarily very distant from E. coli, forms primed cells and has a transient epigenetic memory that is maintained for 7 generations or more. We showed this using ciprofloxacin and the non-antibiotic chemical stress fluoride. It is well established that persister levels are higher in the stationary phase than in the log phase, and B. megaterium persisters levels are nearly identical from the early to late-log phase but are ~2-fold and ~4-fold higher in the transition and stationary phase, respectively. It was previously proposed that there are two distinct types of persisters: Type II forms in the log phase, while Type I forms in the stationary phase. However, we show that primed cells lead to increased persisters in the transition and stationary phase and found no evidence of Type I or II persisters with distant phenotypes. Overall, we have provided substantial evidence of the importance of primed cells and their transitory epigenetic memories to surviving stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Guha
- Department of Biology and Microbiology; South Dakota State University; Brookings, SD, 57006; USA
| | - Abhyudai Singh
- Electrical & Computer Engineering; University of Delaware; Newark, DE 19716; USA
| | - Nicholas C. Butzin
- Department of Biology and Microbiology; South Dakota State University; Brookings, SD, 57006; USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; South Dakota State University; Brookings, SD, 57006; USA
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2
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The Seed and the Metabolism Regulation. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11020168. [PMID: 35205035 PMCID: PMC8869448 DOI: 10.3390/biology11020168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Seeds are the reproductive units of higher plants. They have a significant place in agriculture and plant diversity maintenance. Because they are dehydrated, they can remain viable in the environment for centuries. This review explores the dry seed as a metabolically inactive organism, but well organized to protect its components and enter intensive repair to restore metabolic activities upon imbibition for the completion of germination. Metabolism regulation is also critical for the most important seed traits, dormancy, and ageing recovery capacity. Abstract The seed represents a critical stage in the life cycle of flowering plants. It corresponds to a dry structure carrying the plant embryo in dormant or quiescent state. Orthodox seeds possess a very low water content, preventing biochemical reactions, especially respiration. If the desiccation of living organisms leads to a loss of homeostasis, structure, and metabolism, the seeds go through it successfully thanks to their structure, cellular organization, and growth regulation. Seeds set up a certain number of sophisticated molecules to protect valuable macromolecules or organelles from dehydration/rehydration cycles. Moreover, dormancy takes place in a coordinated process with environmental cues in order to ensure embryo development at the most appropriate conditions for the establishment of the new plant. Moreover, repair processes are programmed to be ready to operate to maximize germination success and seed longevity. This review focuses on the physiology of the seed as related to hydration forces, respiration, and biochemical reactions in the transition from thermodynamically undefined dry state to self-sustained living system. Such processes are of importance for basic knowledge of the regulation of metabolism of living organisms, but also for the control of germination in the context of climate change due to global warming.
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3
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Ye JY, Tian WH, Zhou M, Zhu QY, Du WX, Zhu YX, Liu XX, Lin XY, Zheng SJ, Jin CW. STOP1 activates NRT1.1-mediated nitrate uptake to create a favorable rhizospheric pH for plant adaptation to acidity. THE PLANT CELL 2021; 33:3658-3674. [PMID: 34524462 PMCID: PMC8643680 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koab226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Protons (H+) in acidic soils arrest plant growth. However, the mechanisms by which plants optimize their biological processes to diminish the unfavorable effects of H+ stress remain largely unclear. Here, we showed that in the roots of Arabidopsis thaliana, the C2H2-type transcription factor STOP1 in the nucleus was enriched by low pH in a nitrate-independent manner, with the spatial expression pattern of NITRATE TRANSPORTER 1.1 (NRT1.1) established by low pH required the action of STOP1. Additionally, the nrt1.1 and stop1 mutants, as well as the nrt1.1 stop1 double mutant, had a similar hypersensitive phenotype to low pH, indicating that STOP1 and NRT1.1 function in the same pathway for H+ tolerance. Molecular assays revealed that STOP1 directly bound to the promoter of NRT1.1 to activate its transcription in response to low pH, thus upregulating its nitrate uptake. This action improved the nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of plants and created a favorable rhizospheric pH for root growth by enhancing H+ depletion in the rhizosphere. Consequently, the constitutive expression of NRT1.1 in stop1 mutants abolished the hypersensitive phenotype to low pH. These results demonstrate that STOP1-NRT1.1 is a key module for plants to optimize NUE and ensure better plant growth in acidic media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Yuan Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wen Hao Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Miao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qing Yang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wen Xin Du
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ya Xin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xing Xing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xian Yong Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shao Jian Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Chong Wei Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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4
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Heit S, Geurts MMG, Murphy BJ, Corey RA, Mills DJ, Kühlbrandt W, Bublitz M. Structure of the hexameric fungal plasma membrane proton pump in its autoinhibited state. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabj5255. [PMID: 34757782 DOI: 10.1101/2021.04.30.442159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The fungal plasma membrane H+-ATPase Pma1 is a vital enzyme, generating a proton-motive force that drives the import of essential nutrients. Autoinhibited Pma1 hexamers in the plasma membrane of starving fungi are activated by glucose signaling and subsequent phosphorylation of the autoinhibitory domain. As related P-type adenosine triphosphatases (ATPases) are not known to oligomerize, the physiological relevance of Pma1 hexamers remained unknown. We have determined the structure of hexameric Pma1 from Neurospora crassa by electron cryo-microscopy at 3.3-Å resolution, elucidating the molecular basis for hexamer formation and autoinhibition and providing a basis for structure-based drug development. Coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations in a lipid bilayer suggest lipid-mediated contacts between monomers and a substantial protein-induced membrane deformation that could act as a proton-attracting funnel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Heit
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Maxwell M G Geurts
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Bonnie J Murphy
- Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Max-von-Laue-Str.3, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Robin A Corey
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Deryck J Mills
- Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Max-von-Laue-Str.3, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Werner Kühlbrandt
- Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Max-von-Laue-Str.3, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Maike Bublitz
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
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5
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Heit S, Geurts MMG, Murphy BJ, Corey RA, Mills DJ, Kühlbrandt W, Bublitz M. Structure of the hexameric fungal plasma membrane proton pump in its autoinhibited state. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabj5255. [PMID: 34757782 PMCID: PMC8580308 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abj5255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The fungal plasma membrane H+-ATPase Pma1 is a vital enzyme, generating a proton-motive force that drives the import of essential nutrients. Autoinhibited Pma1 hexamers in the plasma membrane of starving fungi are activated by glucose signaling and subsequent phosphorylation of the autoinhibitory domain. As related P-type adenosine triphosphatases (ATPases) are not known to oligomerize, the physiological relevance of Pma1 hexamers remained unknown. We have determined the structure of hexameric Pma1 from Neurospora crassa by electron cryo-microscopy at 3.3-Å resolution, elucidating the molecular basis for hexamer formation and autoinhibition and providing a basis for structure-based drug development. Coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations in a lipid bilayer suggest lipid-mediated contacts between monomers and a substantial protein-induced membrane deformation that could act as a proton-attracting funnel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Heit
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Maxwell M. G. Geurts
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Bonnie J. Murphy
- Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Max-von-Laue-Str.3, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Robin A. Corey
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Deryck J. Mills
- Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Max-von-Laue-Str.3, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Werner Kühlbrandt
- Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Max-von-Laue-Str.3, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Maike Bublitz
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
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6
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A conserved, buried cysteine near the P-site is accessible to cysteine modifications and increases ROS stability in the P-type plasma membrane H+-ATPase. Biochem J 2021; 478:619-632. [DOI: 10.1042/bcj20200559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Sulfur-containing amino acid residues function in antioxidative responses, which can be induced by the reactive oxygen species generated by excessive copper and hydrogen peroxide. In all Na+/K+, Ca2+, and H+ pumping P-type ATPases, a cysteine residue is present two residues upstream of the essential aspartate residue, which is obligatorily phosphorylated in each catalytic cycle. Despite its conservation, the function of this cysteine residue was hitherto unknown. In this study, we analyzed the function of the corresponding cysteine residue (Cys-327) in the autoinhibited plasma membrane H+-ATPase isoform 2 (AHA2) from Arabidopsis thaliana by mutagenesis and heterologous expression in a yeast host. Enzyme kinetics of alanine, serine, and leucine substitutions were identical with those of the wild-type pump but the sensitivity of the mutant pumps was increased towards copper and hydrogen peroxide. Peptide identification and sequencing by mass spectrometry demonstrated that Cys-327 was prone to oxidation. These data suggest that Cys-327 functions as a protective residue in the plasma membrane H+-ATPase, and possibly in other P-type ATPases as well.
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7
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Nguyen TT, Blackburn MR, Sussman MR. Intermolecular and Intramolecular Interactions of the Arabidopsis Plasma Membrane Proton Pump Revealed Using a Mass Spectrometry Cleavable Cross-Linker. Biochemistry 2020; 59:2210-2225. [PMID: 32459472 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.0c00268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In plants and fungi, the plasma membrane proton pump (H+-ATPase) establishes an electrochemical gradient across the plasma membrane, which serves as the driving force for the secondary transport of ions and nutrients across the cell membrane. This is an essential enzyme that functions in many important processes including stomatal movement, cell elongation, and cellular responses to stimuli from hormones, light, and other environmental conditions. Therefore, understanding how the activity of the H+-ATPase is regulated is important to understand how plants adapt to different growth conditions. The autoinhibitory effect of the C-terminal regulatory domain of H+-ATPase is well-established and is thought to be mediated by interactions with the catalytic domains. Here, using the lysine reactive mass spectrometry cleavable cross-linker DSSO, we found that the C-terminal domain of the Arabidopsis H+-ATPase 2 (AHA2) cross-linked extensively with the actuator, nucleotide-binding, and phosphorylation domains, suggesting that the C-terminal domain regulates the catalytic cycle by modulating the relative positions of these domains. Interestingly, several C-terminal cross-links occurred near a predicted proton binding site (Asp-684 in TM6), suggesting that the C-terminal domain may regulate proton efflux. Additionally, cross-links between the C-terminal domain and other domains of AHA2 were detected in a monomeric protein resolved on SDS-PAGE, suggesting that intramolecular interactions may also be involved in the regulation of enzyme activity. Finally, we observed mixed-isotope cross-linking between the C-terminal domain and other domains of 14N-AHA2 (unlabeled) and 15N-AHA2 (labeled), supporting our model that oligomeric H+-ATPase may autoinhibit the neighboring monomer in a "head-to-tail" configuration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thao T Nguyen
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Biochemistry Department and the Center for Genome Science Innovation, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Matthew R Blackburn
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Biochemistry Department and the Center for Genome Science Innovation, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Michael R Sussman
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Biochemistry Department and the Center for Genome Science Innovation, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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8
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Hoffmann RD, Portes MT, Olsen LI, Damineli DSC, Hayashi M, Nunes CO, Pedersen JT, Lima PT, Campos C, Feijó JA, Palmgren M. Plasma membrane H +-ATPases sustain pollen tube growth and fertilization. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2395. [PMID: 32409656 PMCID: PMC7224221 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16253-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Pollen tubes are highly polarized tip-growing cells that depend on cytosolic pH gradients for signaling and growth. Autoinhibited plasma membrane proton (H+) ATPases (AHAs) have been proposed to energize pollen tube growth and underlie cell polarity, however, mechanistic evidence for this is lacking. Here we report that the combined loss of AHA6, AHA8, and AHA9 in Arabidopsis thaliana delays pollen germination and causes pollen tube growth defects, leading to drastically reduced fertility. Pollen tubes of aha mutants had reduced extracellular proton (H+) and anion fluxes, reduced cytosolic pH, reduced tip-to-shank proton gradients, and defects in actin organization. Furthermore, mutant pollen tubes had less negative membrane potentials, substantiating a mechanistic role for AHAs in pollen tube growth through plasma membrane hyperpolarization. Our findings define AHAs as energy transducers that sustain the ionic circuit defining the spatial and temporal profiles of cytosolic pH, thereby controlling downstream pH-dependent mechanisms essential for pollen tube elongation, and thus plant fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert D Hoffmann
- Department for Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Maria Teresa Portes
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Lene Irene Olsen
- Department for Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Daniel Santa Cruz Damineli
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Maki Hayashi
- Department for Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Custódio O Nunes
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Jesper T Pedersen
- Department for Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Pedro T Lima
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, 2780-156, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Campos
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, 2780-156, Portugal
| | - José A Feijó
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA.
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, 2780-156, Portugal.
| | - Michael Palmgren
- Department for Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
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9
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Zhang X, Gao X, Li C, Luo X, Wang Y. Fluoride contributes to the shaping of microbial community in high fluoride groundwater in Qiji County, Yuncheng City, China. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14488. [PMID: 31597951 PMCID: PMC6785547 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50914-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
As a toxic element, excessive amounts of fluoride in environment can be harmful because of its antimicrobial activity, however little is known about the relationship between fluoride and the bacterial community in groundwater systems. Here, we use samples from a typical fluorosis area to test the hypothesis that fluoride concentration is a fundamental structuring factor for bacterial communities in groundwater. Thirteen groundwater samples were collected; high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing and statistical analysis were conducted to compare the bacterial community composition in individual wells. The results showed that Proteobacteria, with most relative abundance in groundwater, decreased along the groundwater fluoride concentration. Additionally, relative abundances of 12 families were also statistically correlated with fluoride concentration. The bacterial community was significantly explained by TOC (P = 0.045) and fluoride concentration (P = 0.007) of groundwater. This suggests that fluoride and TOC likely plays an important role in shaping the microbial community structure in these groundwater systems. Our research suggest that fluoride concentration should be taken into consideration in future when evaluating microbial response to environmental conditions in groundwater system, especially for fluoride rich groundwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- School of Environmental Studies & State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, P.R. China
| | - Xubo Gao
- School of Environmental Studies & State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, P.R. China.
| | - Chengcheng Li
- School of Environmental Studies & State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, P.R. China
| | - Xuesong Luo
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yanxin Wang
- School of Environmental Studies & State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, P.R. China
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10
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Saffioti NA, de Sautu M, Ferreira-Gomes MS, Rossi RC, Berlin J, Rossi JPFC, Mangialavori IC. E2P-like states of plasma membrane Ca 2+‑ATPase characterization of vanadate and fluoride-stabilized phosphoenzyme analogues. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2018; 1861:366-379. [PMID: 30419189 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2018.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The plasma membrane Ca2+‑ATPase (PMCA) belongs to the family of P-type ATPases, which share the formation of an acid-stable phosphorylated intermediate as part of their reaction cycle. The crystal structure of PMCA is currently lacking. Its abundance is approximately 0.1% of the total protein in the membrane, hampering efforts to produce suitable crystals for X-ray structure analysis. In this work we characterized the effect of beryllium fluoride (BeFx), aluminium fluoride (AlFx) and magnesium fluoride (MgFx) on PMCA. These compounds are known inhibitors of P-type ATPases that stabilize E2P ground, E2·P phosphoryl transition and E2·Pi product states. Our results show that the phosphate analogues BeFx, AlFx and MgFx inhibit PMCA Ca2+‑ATPase activity, phosphatase activity and phosphorylation with high apparent affinity. Ca2+‑ATPase inhibition by AlFx and BeFx depended on Mg2+ concentration indicating that this ion stabilizes the complex between these inhibitors and the enzyme. Low pH increases AlFx and BeFx but not MgFx apparent affinity. Eosin fluorescent probe binds with high affinity to the nucleotide binding site of PMCA. The fluorescence of eosin decreases when fluoride complexes bind to PMCA indicating that the environment of the nucleotide binding site is less hydrophobic in E2P-like states. Finally, measuring the time course of E → E2P-like conformational change, we proposed a kinetic model for the binding of fluoride complexes and vanadate to PMCA. In summary, our results show that these fluoride complexes reveal different states of phosphorylated intermediates belonging to the mechanism of hydrolysis of ATP by the PMCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás A Saffioti
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas (IQUIFIB), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Junín 956, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1113AAD, Argentina
| | - Marilina de Sautu
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas (IQUIFIB), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Junín 956, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1113AAD, Argentina
| | - Mariela S Ferreira-Gomes
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas (IQUIFIB), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Junín 956, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1113AAD, Argentina
| | - Rolando C Rossi
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas (IQUIFIB), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Junín 956, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1113AAD, Argentina
| | - Joshua Berlin
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Juan Pablo F C Rossi
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas (IQUIFIB), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Junín 956, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1113AAD, Argentina
| | - Irene C Mangialavori
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas (IQUIFIB), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Junín 956, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1113AAD, Argentina.
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11
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Pedersen JT, Kanashova T, Dittmar G, Palmgren M. Isolation of native plasma membrane H +-ATPase (Pma1p) in both the active and basal activation states. FEBS Open Bio 2018; 8:774-783. [PMID: 29744292 PMCID: PMC5929935 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Revised: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The yeast plasma membrane H+‐ATPase Pma1p is a P‐type ATPase that energizes the yeast plasma membrane. Pma1p exists in two activation states: an autoinhibited basal state and an activated state. Here we show that functional and stable Pma1p can be purified in native form and reconstituted in artificial liposomes without altering its activation state. Acetylated tubulin has previously been reported to maintain Pma1p in the basal state but, as this protein was absent from the purified preparations, it cannot be an essential component of the autoinhibitory mechanism. Purification of and reconstitution of native Pma1p in both activation states opens up for a direct comparison of the transport properties of these states, which allowed us to confirm that the basal state has a low coupling ratio between ATP hydrolysis and protons pumped, whereas the activated state has a high coupling ratio. The ability to prepare native Pma1p in both activation states will facilitate further structural and biochemical studies examining the mechanism by which plasma membrane H+‐ATPases are autoinhibited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesper Torbøl Pedersen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences University of Copenhagen Frederiksberg Denmark.,Present address: Institute of Environmental Medicine (IMM) Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
| | - Tamara Kanashova
- Mass Spectrometry Core Unit Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine Berlin Germany
| | - Gunnar Dittmar
- Mass Spectrometry Core Unit Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine Berlin Germany.,Proteome and Genome Research Laboratory Luxembourg Institute of Health Strassen Luxembourg
| | - Michael Palmgren
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences University of Copenhagen Frederiksberg Denmark
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12
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Tung TT, Dao TT, Junyent MG, Palmgren M, Günther-Pomorski T, Fuglsang AT, Christensen SB, Nielsen J. LEGO-Inspired Drug Design: Unveiling a Class of Benzo[d]thiazoles Containing a 3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl Moiety as Plasma Membrane H+-ATPase Inhibitors. ChemMedChem 2017; 13:37-47. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201700635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Truong-Thanh Tung
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology; University of Copenhagen; Universitetsparken 2 2100 Copenhagen Ø Denmark
| | - Trong T. Dao
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology; University of Copenhagen; Universitetsparken 2 2100 Copenhagen Ø Denmark
- Centre for Membrane Pumps in Cells and Disease-PUMPKIN, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Thorvaldsensvej 40 1871 Frederiksberg C Denmark
| | - Marta G. Junyent
- Centre for Membrane Pumps in Cells and Disease-PUMPKIN, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Thorvaldsensvej 40 1871 Frederiksberg C Denmark
| | - Michael Palmgren
- Centre for Membrane Pumps in Cells and Disease-PUMPKIN, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Thorvaldsensvej 40 1871 Frederiksberg C Denmark
| | - Thomas Günther-Pomorski
- Centre for Membrane Pumps in Cells and Disease-PUMPKIN, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Thorvaldsensvej 40 1871 Frederiksberg C Denmark
| | - Anja T. Fuglsang
- Centre for Membrane Pumps in Cells and Disease-PUMPKIN, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Thorvaldsensvej 40 1871 Frederiksberg C Denmark
| | - Søren B. Christensen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology; University of Copenhagen; Universitetsparken 2 2100 Copenhagen Ø Denmark
| | - John Nielsen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology; University of Copenhagen; Universitetsparken 2 2100 Copenhagen Ø Denmark
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Falhof J, Pedersen JT, Fuglsang AT, Palmgren M. Plasma Membrane H(+)-ATPase Regulation in the Center of Plant Physiology. MOLECULAR PLANT 2016; 9:323-337. [PMID: 26584714 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2015.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 267] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Revised: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/01/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The plasma membrane (PM) H(+)-ATPase is an important ion pump in the plant cell membrane. By extruding protons from the cell and generating a membrane potential, this pump energizes the PM, which is a prerequisite for growth. Modification of the autoinhibitory terminal domains activates PM H(+)-ATPase activity, and on this basis it has been hypothesized that these regulatory termini are targets for physiological factors that activate or inhibit proton pumping. In this review, we focus on the posttranslational regulation of the PM H(+)-ATPase and place regulation of the pump in an evolutionary and physiological context. The emerging picture is that multiple signals regulating plant growth interfere with the posttranslational regulation of the PM H(+)-ATPase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janus Falhof
- Department of Plant and Environmental Science, Center for Membrane Pumps in Cells and Disease-PUMPKIN, Danish National Research Foundation, University of Copenhagen, 1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Jesper Torbøl Pedersen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Science, Center for Membrane Pumps in Cells and Disease-PUMPKIN, Danish National Research Foundation, University of Copenhagen, 1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Anja Thoe Fuglsang
- Department of Plant and Environmental Science, Center for Membrane Pumps in Cells and Disease-PUMPKIN, Danish National Research Foundation, University of Copenhagen, 1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Michael Palmgren
- Department of Plant and Environmental Science, Center for Membrane Pumps in Cells and Disease-PUMPKIN, Danish National Research Foundation, University of Copenhagen, 1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark.
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