1
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Liu S, Shinohara A, Furukohri A. Fanconi anemia-associated mutation in RAD51 compromises the coordinated action of DNA-binding and ATPase activities. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105424. [PMID: 37924868 PMCID: PMC10716581 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Fanconi anemia (FA) is a rare genetic disease caused by a defect in DNA repair pathway for DNA interstrand crosslinks. These crosslinks can potentially impede the progression of the DNA replication fork, consequently leading to DNA double-strand breaks. Heterozygous RAD51-Q242R mutation has been reported to cause FA-like symptoms. However, the molecular defect of RAD51 underlying the disease is largely unknown. In this study, we conducted a biochemical analysis of RAD51-Q242R protein, revealing notable deficiencies in its DNA-dependent ATPase activity and its ATP-dependent regulation of DNA-binding activity. Interestingly, although RAD51-Q242R exhibited the filament instability and lacked the ability to form displacement loop, it efficiently stimulated the formation of displacement loops mediated by wild-type RAD51. These findings facilitate understanding of the biochemical properties of the mutant protein and how RAD51 works in the FA patient cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijia Liu
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akira Shinohara
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Asako Furukohri
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
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2
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Emmenecker C, Mézard C, Kumar R. Repair of DNA double-strand breaks in plant meiosis: role of eukaryotic RecA recombinases and their modulators. PLANT REPRODUCTION 2023; 36:17-41. [PMID: 35641832 DOI: 10.1007/s00497-022-00443-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Homologous recombination during meiosis is crucial for the DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) repair that promotes the balanced segregation of homologous chromosomes and enhances genetic variation. In most eukaryotes, two recombinases RAD51 and DMC1 form nucleoprotein filaments on single-stranded DNA generated at DSB sites and play a central role in the meiotic DSB repair and genome stability. These nucleoprotein filaments perform homology search and DNA strand exchange to initiate repair using homologous template-directed sequences located elsewhere in the genome. Multiple factors can regulate the assembly, stability, and disassembly of RAD51 and DMC1 nucleoprotein filaments. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the meiotic functions of RAD51 and DMC1 and the role of their positive and negative modulators. We discuss the current models and regulators of homology searches and strand exchange conserved during plant meiosis. Manipulation of these repair factors during plant meiosis also holds a great potential to accelerate plant breeding for crop improvements and productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Côme Emmenecker
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, 78000, Versailles, France
- University of Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Christine Mézard
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, 78000, Versailles, France.
| | - Rajeev Kumar
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, 78000, Versailles, France.
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3
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Altmannova V, Spirek M, Orlic L, Jēkabsons A, Clarence T, Henggeler A, Mlcouskova J, Chaleil RA, Matos J, Krejci L. The role of bivalent ions in the regulation of D-loop extension mediated by DMC1 during meiotic recombination. iScience 2022; 25:105439. [PMID: 36388968 PMCID: PMC9641244 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
During meiosis, programmed DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are repaired by homologous recombination. DMC1, a conserved recombinase, plays a central role in this process. DMC1 promotes DNA strand exchange between homologous chromosomes, thus creating the physical linkage between them. Its function is regulated not only by several accessory proteins but also by bivalent ions. Here, we show that whereas calcium ions in the presence of ATP cause a conformational change within DMC1, stimulating its DNA binding and D-loop formation, they inhibit the extension of the invading strand within the D-loop. Based on structural studies, we have generated mutants of two highly conserved amino acids - E162 and D317 - in human DMC1, which are deficient in calcium regulation. In vivo studies of their yeast homologues further showed that they exhibit severe defects in meiosis, thus emphasizing the importance of calcium ions in the regulation of DMC1 function and meiotic recombination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Altmannova
- Department of Biology, Masaryk University, Brno 62500, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne’s University Hospital, Brno 65691, Czech Republic
| | - Mario Spirek
- Department of Biology, Masaryk University, Brno 62500, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne’s University Hospital, Brno 65691, Czech Republic
| | - Lucija Orlic
- Max Perutz Labs, University of Vienna, Dr. Bohr-Gasse 9 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Atis Jēkabsons
- Department of Biology, Masaryk University, Brno 62500, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne’s University Hospital, Brno 65691, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Clarence
- Biomolecular Modelling Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Adrian Henggeler
- Max Perutz Labs, University of Vienna, Dr. Bohr-Gasse 9 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jarmila Mlcouskova
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne’s University Hospital, Brno 65691, Czech Republic
| | | | - Joao Matos
- Max Perutz Labs, University of Vienna, Dr. Bohr-Gasse 9 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Lumir Krejci
- Department of Biology, Masaryk University, Brno 62500, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne’s University Hospital, Brno 65691, Czech Republic
- National Center for Biomolecular Research, Masaryk University, Brno 62500, Czech Republic
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4
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Xu J, Zhao L, Peng S, Chu H, Liang R, Tian M, Connell PP, Li G, Chen C, Wang HW. Mechanisms of distinctive mismatch tolerance between Rad51 and Dmc1 in homologous recombination. Nucleic Acids Res 2021; 49:13135-13149. [PMID: 34871438 PMCID: PMC8682777 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab1141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Homologous recombination (HR) is a primary DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) repair mechanism. The recombinases Rad51 and Dmc1 are highly conserved in the RecA family; Rad51 is mainly responsible for DNA repair in somatic cells during mitosis while Dmc1 only works during meiosis in germ cells. This spatiotemporal difference is probably due to their distinctive mismatch tolerance during HR: Rad51 does not permit HR in the presence of mismatches, whereas Dmc1 can tolerate certain mismatches. Here, the cryo-EM structures of Rad51-DNA and Dmc1-DNA complexes revealed that the major conformational differences between these two proteins are located in their Loop2 regions, which contain invading single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) binding residues and double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) complementary strand binding residues, stabilizing ssDNA and dsDNA in presynaptic and postsynaptic complexes, respectively. By combining molecular dynamic simulation and single-molecule FRET assays, we identified that V273 and D274 in the Loop2 region of human RAD51 (hRAD51), corresponding to P274 and G275 of human DMC1 (hDMC1), are the key residues regulating mismatch tolerance during strand exchange in HR. This HR accuracy control mechanism provides mechanistic insights into the specific roles of Rad51 and Dmc1 in DNA double-strand break repair and may shed light on the regulatory mechanism of genetic recombination in mitosis and meiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingfei Xu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Lingyun Zhao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Imaging and Characterization Core Lab, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sijia Peng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Huiying Chu
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling and Design, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Rui Liang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Meng Tian
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Philip P Connell
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60615, USA
| | - Guohui Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling and Design, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Chunlai Chen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Hong-Wei Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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5
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Tan X, He Y, Li Z, Wang Q, Du X, Liu J, Li B. Epigenetic silencing of bovine meiosis-specific recombinase Dmc1 by DNA methylation. ALL LIFE 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/26895293.2021.2001383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofan Tan
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu He
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zongzhe Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qihui Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuehai Du
- Liaoning Provincial Animal Husbandry Development Center, Liaoning Province Agricultural Development Service Center, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingge Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bojiang Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
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6
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Luo SC, Yeh HY, Lan WH, Wu YM, Yang CH, Chang HY, Su GC, Lee CY, Wu WJ, Li HW, Ho MC, Chi P, Tsai MD. Identification of fidelity-governing factors in human recombinases DMC1 and RAD51 from cryo-EM structures. Nat Commun 2021; 12:115. [PMID: 33446654 PMCID: PMC7809202 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20258-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Both high-fidelity and mismatch-tolerant recombination, catalyzed by RAD51 and DMC1 recombinases, respectively, are indispensable for genomic integrity. Here, we use cryo-EM, MD simulation and functional analysis to elucidate the structural basis for the mismatch tolerance of DMC1. Structural analysis of DMC1 presynaptic and postsynaptic complexes suggested that the lineage-specific Loop 1 Gln244 (Met243 in RAD51) may help stabilize DNA backbone, whereas Loop 2 Pro274 and Gly275 (Val273/Asp274 in RAD51) may provide an open “triplet gate” for mismatch tolerance. In support, DMC1-Q244M displayed marked increase in DNA dynamics, leading to unobservable DNA map. MD simulation showed highly dispersive mismatched DNA ensemble in RAD51 but well-converged DNA in DMC1 and RAD51-V273P/D274G. Replacing Loop 1 or Loop 2 residues in DMC1 with RAD51 counterparts enhanced DMC1 fidelity, while reciprocal mutations in RAD51 attenuated its fidelity. Our results show that three Loop 1/Loop 2 residues jointly enact contrasting fidelities of DNA recombinases. RAD51 and DMC1 recombinases catalyse high-fidelity and mismatch tolerant recombination, processes that are indispensable for the maintenance of genomic integrity. Here, the authors via cryo-EM, molecular dynamics simulation and functional analysis elucidate the structural difference between RAD51 and DMC1 with regard to mismatch tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Chi Luo
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Yeh
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hsuan Lan
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Min Wu
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Han Yang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Yen Chang
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Chin Su
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yi Lee
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Jin Wu
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Wen Li
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Chiao Ho
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Peter Chi
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Daw Tsai
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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7
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Chang HY, Lee CY, Lu CH, Lee W, Yang HL, Yeh HY, Li HW, Chi P. Microcephaly family protein MCPH1 stabilizes RAD51 filaments. Nucleic Acids Res 2020; 48:9135-9146. [PMID: 32735676 PMCID: PMC7498314 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkaa636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Microcephalin 1 (MCPH1) was identified from genetic mutations in patients with primary autosomal recessive microcephaly. In response to DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), MCPH1 forms damage-induced foci and recruits BRCA2-RAD51 complex, a key component of the DSB repair machinery for homologous recombination (HR), to damage sites. Accordingly, the efficiency of HR is significantly attenuated upon depletion of MCPH1. The biochemical characteristics of MCPH1 and its functional interaction with the HR machinery had remained unclear due to lack of highly purified MCPH1 recombinant protein for functional study. Here, we established a mammalian expression system to express and purify MCPH1 protein. We show that MCPH1 is a bona fide DNA-binding protein and provide direct biochemical analysis of this MCPH family protein. Furthermore, we reveal that MCPH1 directly interacts with RAD51 at multiple contact points, providing evidence for how MCPH1 physically engages with the HR machinery. Importantly, we demonstrate that MCPH1 enhances the stability of RAD51 on single-strand DNA, a prerequisite step for RAD51-mediated recombination. Single-molecule tethered particle motion analysis showed a ∼2-fold increase in the lifetime of RAD51-ssDNA filaments in the presence of MCPH1. Thus, our study demonstrates direct crosstalk between microcephaly protein MCPH1 and the recombination component RAD51 for DSB repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Yen Chang
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yi Lee
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hao Lu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Wei Lee
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Han-Lin Yang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Yeh
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Wen Li
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Peter Chi
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.,Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
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8
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Shinoyama H, Ichikawa H, Nishizawa-Yokoi A, Skaptsov M, Toki S. Simultaneous TALEN-mediated knockout of chrysanthemum DMC1 genes confers male and female sterility. Sci Rep 2020; 10:16165. [PMID: 32999297 PMCID: PMC7527520 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72356-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Genome editing has become one of the key technologies for plant breeding. However, in polyploid species such as chrysanthemum, knockout of all loci of multiple genes is needed to eliminate functional redundancies. We identified six cDNAs for the CmDMC1 genes involved in meiotic homologous recombination in chrysanthemum. Since all six cDNAs harbored a homologous core region, simultaneous knockout via TALEN-mediated genome editing should be possible. We isolated the CmDMC1 loci corresponding to the six cDNAs and constructed a TALEN-expression vector bearing a CmDMC1 target site containing the homologous core region. After transforming two chrysanthemum cultivars with the TALEN-expression vector, seven lines exhibited disruption of all six CmDMC1 loci at the target site as well as stable male and female sterility at 10–30 °C. This strategy to produce completely sterile plants could be widely applicable to prevent the risk of transgene flow from transgenic plants to their wild relatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harue Shinoyama
- Fukui Agricultural Experiment Station, Fukui, 918-8215, Japan. .,Department of Bioscience, Fukui Prefectural University, Awara, 910-4103, Japan.
| | - Hiroaki Ichikawa
- Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Tsukuba, 305-8604, Japan
| | - Ayako Nishizawa-Yokoi
- Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Tsukuba, 305-8604, Japan.,Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Saitama, 332-0012, Japan
| | - Mikhail Skaptsov
- South Siberian Botanical Garden, Altai State University, Barnaul, Russia, 656049
| | - Seiichi Toki
- Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Tsukuba, 305-8604, Japan.,Graduate School of Nanobioscience, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, 236-0027, Japan.,Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, 244-0813, Japan
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9
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Rad51 facilitates filament assembly of meiosis-specific Dmc1 recombinase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:11257-11264. [PMID: 32404423 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1920368117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Dmc1 recombinases are essential to homologous recombination in meiosis. Here, we studied the kinetics of the nucleoprotein filament assembly of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Dmc1 using single-molecule tethered particle motion experiments and in vitro biochemical assay. ScDmc1 nucleoprotein filaments are less stable than the ScRad51 ones because of the kinetically much reduced nucleation step. The lower nucleation rate of ScDmc1 results from its lower single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) affinity, compared to that of ScRad51. Surprisingly, ScDmc1 nucleates mostly on the DNA structure containing the single-stranded and duplex DNA junction with the allowed extension in the 5'-to-3' polarity, while ScRad51 nucleation depends strongly on ssDNA lengths. This nucleation preference is also conserved for mammalian RAD51 and DMC1. In addition, ScDmc1 nucleation can be stimulated by short ScRad51 patches, but not by EcRecA ones. Pull-down experiments also confirm the physical interactions of ScDmc1 with ScRad51 in solution, but not with EcRecA. Our results are consistent with a model that Dmc1 nucleation can be facilitated by a structural component (such as DNA junction and protein-protein interaction) and DNA polarity. They provide direct evidence of how Rad51 is required for meiotic recombination and highlight a regulation strategy in Dmc1 nucleoprotein filament assembly.
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10
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Ojha D, Patil KN. Molecular and functional characterization of the Listeria monocytogenes RecA protein: Insights into the homologous recombination process. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2019; 119:105642. [PMID: 31698090 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2019.105642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Revised: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The recombinases present in the all kingdoms in nature play a crucial role in DNA metabolism processes such as replication, repair, recombination and transcription. However, till date, the role of RecA in the deadly foodborne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes remains unknown. In this study, the authors show that L. monocytogenes expresses recA more than two-fold in vivo upon exposure to the DNA damaging agents, methyl methanesulfonate and ultraviolet radiation. The purified L. monocytogenes RecA protein show robust binding to single stranded DNA. The RecA is capable of forming displacement loop and hydrolyzes ATP, whereas the mutant LmRecAK70A fails to hydrolyze ATP, showing conserved walker A and B motifs. Interestingly, L. monocytogenes RecA and LmRecAK70A perform the DNA strand transfer activity, which is the hallmark feature of RecA protein with an oligonucleotide-based substrate. Notably, L. monocytogenes RecA readily cleaves L. monocytogenes LexA, the SOS regulon and protects the presynaptic filament from the exonuclease I activity. Altogether, this study provides the first detailed characterization of L. monocytogenes RecA and presents important insights into the process of homologous recombination in the gram-positive foodborne bacteria L. monocytogenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debika Ojha
- Department of Protein Chemistry and Technology, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research-Central Food Technological Research Institute (CSIR-CFTRI), Mysuru, 570 020, Karnataka, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - K Neelakanteshwar Patil
- Department of Protein Chemistry and Technology, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research-Central Food Technological Research Institute (CSIR-CFTRI), Mysuru, 570 020, Karnataka, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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11
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Crickard JB, Kwon Y, Sung P, Greene EC. Dynamic interactions of the homologous pairing 2 (Hop2)-meiotic nuclear divisions 1 (Mnd1) protein complex with meiotic presynaptic filaments in budding yeast. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:490-501. [PMID: 30420424 PMCID: PMC6333877 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.006146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Homologous recombination (HR) is a universally conserved DNA repair pathway that can result in the exchange of genetic material. In eukaryotes, HR has evolved into an essential step in meiosis. During meiosis many eukaryotes utilize a two-recombinase pathway. This system consists of Rad51 and the meiosis-specific recombinase Dmc1. Both recombinases have distinct activities during meiotic HR, despite being highly similar in sequence and having closely related biochemical activities, raising the question of how these two proteins can perform separate functions. A likely explanation for their differential regulation involves the meiosis-specific recombination proteins Hop2 and Mnd1, which are part of a highly conserved eukaryotic protein complex that participates in HR, albeit through poorly understood mechanisms. To better understand how Hop2-Mnd1 functions during HR, here we used DNA curtains in conjunction with single-molecule imaging to measure and quantify the binding of the Hop2-Mnd1 complex from Saccharomyces cerevisiae to recombination intermediates comprising Rad51- and Dmc1-ssDNA in real time. We found that yeast Hop2-Mnd1 bound rapidly to Dmc1-ssDNA filaments with high affinity and remained bound for ∼1.3 min before dissociating. We also observed that this binding interaction was highly specific for Dmc1 and found no evidence for an association of Hop2-Mnd1 with Rad51-ssDNA or RPA-ssDNA. Our findings provide new quantitative insights into the binding dynamics of Hop2-Mnd1 with the meiotic presynaptic complex. On the basis of these findings, we propose a model in which recombinase specificities for meiotic accessory proteins enhance separation of the recombinases' functions during meiotic HR.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Brooks Crickard
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032
| | - Youngho Kwon
- the Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, and
- the Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229
| | - Patrick Sung
- the Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, and
- the Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229
| | - Eric C Greene
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032,
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12
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He WB, Tu CF, Liu Q, Meng LL, Yuan SM, Luo AX, He FS, Shen J, Li W, Du J, Zhong CG, Lu GX, Lin G, Fan LQ, Tan YQ. DMC1 mutation that causes human non-obstructive azoospermia and premature ovarian insufficiency identified by whole-exome sequencing. J Med Genet 2018; 55:198-204. [PMID: 29331980 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2017-104992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The genetic causes of the majority of male and female infertility caused by human non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) and premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) with meiotic arrest are unknown. OBJECTIVE To identify the genetic cause of NOA and POI in two affected members from a consanguineous Chinese family. METHODS We performed whole-exome sequencing of DNA from both affected patients. The identified candidate causative gene was further verified by Sanger sequencing for pedigree analysis in this family. In silico analysis was performed to functionally characterise the mutation, and histological analysis was performed using the biopsied testicle sample from the male patient with NOA. RESULTS We identified a novel homozygous missense mutation (NM_007068.3: c.106G>A, p.Asp36Asn) in DMC1, which cosegregated with NOA and POI phenotypes in this family. The identified missense mutation resulted in the substitution of a conserved aspartic residue with asparaginate in the modified H3TH motif of DMC1. This substitution results in protein misfolding. Histological analysis demonstrated a lack of spermatozoa in the male patient's seminiferous tubules. Immunohistochemistry using a testis biopsy sample from the male patient showed that spermatogenesis was blocked at the zygotene stage during meiotic prophase I. CONCLUSIONS To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report identifying DMC1 as the causative gene for human NOA and POI. Furthermore, our pedigree analysis shows an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance for NOA and POI caused by DMC1 in this family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Bin He
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, China.,National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cell, Changsha, China
| | - Chao-Feng Tu
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, China.,National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cell, Changsha, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lan-Lan Meng
- Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, China
| | - Shi-Min Yuan
- Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, China
| | - Ai-Xiang Luo
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, China.,National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cell, Changsha, China
| | | | - Juan Shen
- BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wen Li
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, China.,National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cell, Changsha, China
| | - Juan Du
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, China.,National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cell, Changsha, China
| | - Chang-Gao Zhong
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, China.,National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cell, Changsha, China
| | - Guang-Xiu Lu
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, China.,National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cell, Changsha, China
| | - Ge Lin
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, China.,National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cell, Changsha, China
| | - Li-Qing Fan
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, China.,National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cell, Changsha, China
| | - Yue-Qiu Tan
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, China.,National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cell, Changsha, China
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