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Li Y, Trinh CH, Acevedo-Jake A, Gimenez D, Warriner SL, Wilson AJ. Biophysical and structural analyses of the interaction between the SHANK1 PDZ domain and an internal SLiM. Biochem J 2024; 481:945-955. [PMID: 38899489 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20240126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
The PDZ (Postsynaptic density protein-95[PSD-95]/Discs-large) domain, prevalent as a recognition module, has attracted significant attention given its ability to specifically recognize ligands with consensus motifs (also termed PDZ binding motifs [PBMs]). PBMs typically bear a C-terminal carboxylate as a recognition handle and have been extensively characterized, whilst internal ligands are less well known. Here we characterize a short linear motif (SLiM) - EESTSFQGP - as an internal PBM based on its strong binding affinity towards the SHANK1 PDZ domain (SHANK1656-762 hereafter referred to as SHANK1). Using the acetylated analogue Ac-EESTSFQGP-CONH2 as a competitor for the interaction of SHANK1 with FAM-Ahx-EESTSFQGP-CONH2 or a typical fluorophore-labelled C-terminal PBM - GKAP - FITC-Ahx-EAQTRL-COOH - the internal SLiM was demonstrated to show comparable low-micromolar IC50 by competition fluorescent anisotropy. To gain further insight into the internal ligand interaction at the molecular level, we obtained the X-ray co-crystal structure of the Ac-EESTSFQGP-CONH2/SHANK1 complex and compared this to the Ac-EAQTRL-COOH/SHANK1 complex. The crystallographic studies reveal that the SHANK1 backbones for the two interactions overlap significantly. The main structural differences were shown to result from the flexible loops which reorganize to accommodate the two PBMs with distinct lengths and terminal groups. In addition, the two C-terminal residues Gly and Pro in Ac-EESTSFQGP-CONH2 were shown not to participate in interaction with the target protein, implying further truncation and structural modification using peptidomimetic approaches on this sequence may be feasible. Taken together, the SLiM Ac-EESTSFQGP-CONH2 holds potential as an internal ligand for targeting SHANK1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Li
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
| | - Chi H Trinh
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
| | - Amanda Acevedo-Jake
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
| | - Diana Gimenez
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
| | - Stuart L Warriner
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
| | - Andrew J Wilson
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
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Maccallini C, Amoroso R. Neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase and Post-Translational Modifications in the Development of Central Nervous System Diseases: Implications and Regulation. Molecules 2023; 28:6691. [PMID: 37764469 PMCID: PMC10538099 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In the Central Nervous System (CNS), Nitric Oxide (NO) is mainly biosynthesized by neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase (nNOS). The dysregulated activation of nNOS in neurons is critical in the development of different conditions affecting the CNS. The excessive production of NO by nNOS is responsible for a number of proteins' post-translational modifications (PTMs), which can lead to aberrant biochemical pathways, impairing CNS functions. In this review, we briefly revise the main implications of dysregulated nNOS in the progression of the most prevalent CNS neurodegenerative disorders, i.e., Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease, as well as in the development of neuronal disorders. Moreover, a specific focus on compounds able to modulate nNOS activity as promising therapeutics to tackle different neuronal diseases is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Maccallini
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
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Zhu LJ, Li F, Zhu DY. nNOS and Neurological, Neuropsychiatric Disorders: A 20-Year Story. Neurosci Bull 2023; 39:1439-1453. [PMID: 37074530 PMCID: PMC10113738 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-023-01060-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023] Open
Abstract
In the central nervous system, nitric oxide (NO), a free gas with multitudinous bioactivities, is mainly produced from the oxidation of L-arginine by neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS). In the past 20 years, the studies in our group and other laboratories have suggested a significant involvement of nNOS in a variety of neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders. In particular, the interactions between the PDZ domain of nNOS and its adaptor proteins, including post-synaptic density 95, the carboxy-terminal PDZ ligand of nNOS, and the serotonin transporter, significantly influence the subcellular localization and functions of nNOS in the brain. The nNOS-mediated protein-protein interactions provide new attractive targets and guide the discovery of therapeutic drugs for neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders. Here, we summarize the work on the roles of nNOS and its association with multiple adaptor proteins on neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Juan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Diseases, Ministry of Education, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Dong-Ya Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
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Human Serine Racemase Weakly Binds the Third PDZ Domain of PSD-95. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094959. [PMID: 35563349 PMCID: PMC9105370 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Human serine racemase (hSR) is a pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (PLP)-dependent dimer that catalyzes the formation of D-serine from L-serine, as well as the dehydration of both L- and D-serine to pyruvate and ammonia. As D-serine is a co-agonist of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs), hSR is a key enzyme in glutamatergic neurotransmission. hSR activity is finely regulated by Mg2+, ATP, post-translational modifications, and the interaction with protein partners. In particular, the C-terminus of murine SR binds the third PDZ domain (PDZ3) of postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95), a member of the membrane-associated guanylate kinase (MAGUK) family involved in the trafficking and localization of glutamate receptors. The structural details of the interaction and the stability of the complex have not been elucidated yet. We evaluated the binding of recombinant human PSD-95 PDZ3 to hSR by glutaraldehyde cross-linking, pull-down assays, isothermal titration calorimetry, nuclear magnetic resonance, and enzymatic assays. Overall, a weak interaction was observed, confirming the binding for the human orthologs but supporting the hypothesis that a third protein partner (i.e., stargazin) is required for the regulation of hSR activity by PSD-95 and to stabilize their interaction.
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Kourosh-Arami M, Hosseini N, Mohsenzadegan M, Komaki A, Joghataei MT. Neurophysiologic implications of neuronal nitric oxide synthase. Rev Neurosci 2021; 31:617-636. [PMID: 32739909 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2019-0111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The molecular and chemical properties of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) have made it a key mediator in many physiological functions and signaling transduction. The NOS monomer is inactive, but the dimer form is active. There are three forms of NOS, which are neuronal (nNOS), inducible (iNOS), and endothelial (eNOS) nitric oxide synthase. nNOS regulates nitric oxide (NO) synthesis which is the mechanism used mostly by neurons to produce NO. nNOS expression and activation is regulated by some important signaling proteins, such as cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) response element-binding protein (CREB), calmodulin (CaM), heat shock protein 90 (HSP90)/HSP70. nNOS-derived NO has been implicated in modulating many physiological functions, such as synaptic plasticity, learning, memory, neurogenesis, etc. In this review, we have summarized recent studies that have characterized structural features, subcellular localization, and factors that regulate nNOS function. Finally, we have discussed the role of nNOS in the developing brain under a wide range of physiological conditions, especially long-term potentiation and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Kourosh-Arami
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Nasrin Hosseini
- Neuroscience Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Monireh Mohsenzadegan
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Allied Medical College, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Alireza Komaki
- Department of Physiology, Medical College, Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, Hamedan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Mohammad Taghi Joghataei
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
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Cobos ES, Sánchez IE, Chemes LB, Martinez JC, Murciano-Calles J. A Thermodynamic Analysis of the Binding Specificity between Four Human PDZ Domains and Eight Host, Viral and Designed Ligands. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11081071. [PMID: 34439737 PMCID: PMC8393326 DOI: 10.3390/biom11081071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
PDZ domains are binding modules mostly involved in cell signaling and cell–cell junctions. These domains are able to recognize a wide variety of natural targets and, among the PDZ partners, viruses have been discovered to interact with their host via a PDZ domain. With such an array of relevant and diverse interactions, PDZ binding specificity has been thoroughly studied and a traditional classification has grouped PDZ domains in three major specificity classes. In this work, we have selected four human PDZ domains covering the three canonical specificity-class binding mode and a set of their corresponding binders, including host/natural, viral and designed PDZ motifs. Through calorimetric techniques, we have covered the entire cross interactions between the selected PDZ domains and partners. The results indicate a rather basic specificity in each PDZ domain, with two of the domains that bind their cognate and some non-cognate ligands and the two other domains that basically bind their cognate partners. On the other hand, the host partners mostly bind their corresponding PDZ domain and, interestingly, the viral ligands are able to bind most of the studied PDZ domains, even those not previously described. Some viruses may have evolved to use of the ability of the PDZ fold to bind multiple targets, with resulting affinities for the virus–host interactions that are, in some cases, higher than for host–host interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva S. Cobos
- Departamento Química Física, Unidad de Excelencia de Química Aplicada a Biomedicina y Medioambiente, Facultad de Ciencias, e Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (E.S.C.); (J.C.M.)
| | - Ignacio E. Sánchez
- Laboratorio de Fisiología de Proteínas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), Universidad de Buenos Aires, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina;
| | - Lucía B. Chemes
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas (IIBiO-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de San Martín, 1650 Buenos Aires, Argentina;
| | - Jose C. Martinez
- Departamento Química Física, Unidad de Excelencia de Química Aplicada a Biomedicina y Medioambiente, Facultad de Ciencias, e Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (E.S.C.); (J.C.M.)
| | - Javier Murciano-Calles
- Departamento Química Física, Unidad de Excelencia de Química Aplicada a Biomedicina y Medioambiente, Facultad de Ciencias, e Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (E.S.C.); (J.C.M.)
- Correspondence:
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Changes in synaptic proteins of the complex PSD-95/NMDA receptor/nNOS and mitochondrial dysfunction after levocabastine treatment. Neurochem Int 2021; 148:105100. [PMID: 34139299 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.105100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide generation is related to the activity of certain proteins located at synaptic sites. Previous findings show that NOS activity, nNOS protein expression, respiratory parameters and mitochondrial complex activities are altered in rat cerebral cortex by administration of levocabastine, an antagonist of histamine H1 and neurotensin NTS2 receptors. ATP provision by mitochondria may play an important role in the functional interaction between synaptic proteins NMDA receptor and PSD-95 with NO synthesis. In this context, our purpose was to evaluate the effect of levocabastine administration on protein expression of PSD-95, GluN2B and iNOS, as well as on mitochondrial ATP production. Male Wistar rats received a single (i.p.) dose of levocabastine (50 μg/kg) or saline solution (controls) and were decapitated 18 h later. Mitochondrial and synaptosomal membrane fractions were isolated from cerebral cortex by differential and sucrose gradient centrifugation. Expression of synaptic proteins was evaluated by Western blot assays in synaptosomal membrane fractions. Oxygen consumption, mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP production rate were determined in fresh crude mitochondrial fractions. After levocabastine treatment, protein expression of PSD-95, GluN2B and β-actin decreased 97, 45 and 55%, respectively, whereas that of iNOS enhanced 3.5-fold versus controls. In crude mitochondrial fractions levocabastine administration reduced roughly 15% respiratory control rate as assayed with malate-glutamate or succinate as substrates, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential (21%), and ATP production rates (57%). Results suggested that levocabastine administration induces alterations in synaptic proteins of the protein complex PSD-95/NMDA receptor/nNOS and in neuron cytoskeleton. Mitochondrial bioenergetics impairment may play a role in the functional link between synaptic proteins and NO synthesis.
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Qin Y, Feng L, Fan X, Zheng L, Zhang Y, Chang L, Li T. Neuroprotective Effect of N-Cyclohexylethyl-[A/G]-[D/E]-X-V Peptides on Ischemic Stroke by Blocking nNOS-CAPON Interaction. ACS Chem Neurosci 2021; 12:244-255. [PMID: 33356131 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The protein-protein interaction between neuronal nitric oxide syntheses (nNOS) and the carboxy-terminal PDZ ligand of nNOS (CAPON) is a potential target for the treatment of ischemic stroke. Our previous study had identified ZLc-002 as a promising lead compound for inhibiting nNOS-CAPON coupling. To find better neuroprotective agents disrupting the ischemia-induced nNOS-CAPON interaction, a series of N-cyclohexylethyl-[A/G]-[D/E]-X-V peptides based on the carboxy-terminal tetrapeptide of CAPON was designed, synthesized, and evaluated in this study. Herein, we reported an affinity-based fluorescence polarization (FP) method using 5-carboxyfluorescein (5-FAM) labeled CAPON (496-506) peptide as the probe for high-throughput screening of the small-molecule inhibitors of the PDZ domain of nNOS. N-Cyclohexylethyl-ADAV displayed the most potent affinity for the nNOS PDZ domain in the FP and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) (ΔH = -1670 ± 151.0 cal/mol) assays. To improve bioavailability, lipophilicity, and membrane permeability, the Asp methylation was employed to get N-cyclohexylethyl-AD(OMe)AV, which possesses good blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability in vitro parallel artificial membrane permeability assay (PAMPA)-BBB (Pe = 6.07 cm/s) and in vivo assays. In addition, N-cyclohexylethyl-AD(OMe)AV (10 mg/kg body weight, i.v., immediately after reperfusion) substantially reduced infarct size in rats, which was measured 24 h after reperfusion and subjected to 120 min of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajuan Qin
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Lingling Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Xin Fan
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Liping Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Lei Chang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Tingyou Li
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
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Characterization of the adipogenic protein E4orf1 from adenovirus 36 through an in silico approach. J Mol Model 2020; 26:285. [PMID: 32978703 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-020-04531-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Adenovirus 36 (Ad-36) is related to human obesity due to its adipogenic activity mediated by the early 4 open reading frame 1 (E4orf1) protein. Mechanisms underlying the adipogenic effect of E4orf1 are not completely understood; however, the proliferation and differentiation of fat cells are increased through the activation of the phosphatidyl inositol 3 kinase pathway by binding proteins containing PDZ domain. This study characterized E4orf1 tridimensional structure and analyzed its interactions with PDZ domain-containing proteins in order to provide new information about the behavior of this viral protein and its targets, which could provide an interesting druggable target for obesity-related cardiometabolic alterations. In silico strategies such as homology modeling, docking, and molecular dynamics (MD) were used to study the interaction of E4orf1 with five PDZ domains of disk large homolog 1 (PDZ-1 and PDZ-2), membrane-associated guanylate kinase 1 (PDZ-3), and multi-PDZ domain protein 1 (PDZ-7 and PDZ-10). Mutagenesis analysis of selected residues was performed to evaluate their effects on the stabilization of E4orf1:PDZ complexes. MD simulations showed that the E4orf1:PDZ10 complex was more stable than the others ones. The highly hydrophobic residues at the C-terminal region (114-125) of the E4orf1 are essential in the initial phase stabilization of the complexes. Moreover, the residues 80-85 in the core region contribute to longer stabilization of the E4orf1:PDZ10 complex, a result that was confirmed by in silico mutagenesis. In conclusion, E4orf1 forms a stable complex with PDZ10 domain, and the residues 80-85 are of particular importance. The characterization of E4orf1 interactions with PDZ domains provides an initial approach to discover druggable targets for Ad-36-induced obesity.
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Moroz LL, Romanova DY, Nikitin MA, Sohn D, Kohn AB, Neveu E, Varoqueaux F, Fasshauer D. The diversification and lineage-specific expansion of nitric oxide signaling in Placozoa: insights in the evolution of gaseous transmission. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13020. [PMID: 32747709 PMCID: PMC7400543 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69851-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a ubiquitous gaseous messenger, but we know little about its early evolution. Here, we analyzed NO synthases (NOS) in four different species of placozoans-one of the early-branching animal lineages. In contrast to other invertebrates studied, Trichoplax and Hoilungia have three distinct NOS genes, including PDZ domain-containing NOS. Using ultra-sensitive capillary electrophoresis assays, we quantified nitrites (products of NO oxidation) and L-citrulline (co-product of NO synthesis from L-arginine), which were affected by NOS inhibitors confirming the presence of functional enzymes in Trichoplax. Using fluorescent single-molecule in situ hybridization, we showed that distinct NOSs are expressed in different subpopulations of cells, with a noticeable distribution close to the edge regions of Trichoplax. These data suggest both the compartmentalized release of NO and a greater diversity of cell types in placozoans than anticipated. NO receptor machinery includes both canonical and novel NIT-domain containing soluble guanylate cyclases as putative NO/nitrite/nitrate sensors. Thus, although Trichoplax and Hoilungia exemplify the morphologically simplest free-living animals, the complexity of NO-cGMP-mediated signaling in Placozoa is greater to those in vertebrates. This situation illuminates multiple lineage-specific diversifications of NOSs and NO/nitrite/nitrate sensors from the common ancestor of Metazoa and the preservation of conservative NOS architecture from prokaryotic ancestors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonid L Moroz
- Whitney Laboratory for Marine Bioscience and Departments of Neuroscience, University of Florida, St. Augustine and Gainesville, FL, 32080, USA.
| | - Daria Y Romanova
- Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117485, Russia
| | - Mikhail A Nikitin
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Dosung Sohn
- Whitney Laboratory for Marine Bioscience and Departments of Neuroscience, University of Florida, St. Augustine and Gainesville, FL, 32080, USA
| | - Andrea B Kohn
- Whitney Laboratory for Marine Bioscience and Departments of Neuroscience, University of Florida, St. Augustine and Gainesville, FL, 32080, USA
| | - Emilie Neveu
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne, 1005, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Frederique Varoqueaux
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne, 1005, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Dirk Fasshauer
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne, 1005, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Tian X, He Y, Han Z, Su H, Chu C. The Cytoplasmic Expression Of CLDN12 Predicts An Unfavorable Prognosis And Promotes Proliferation And Migration Of Osteosarcoma. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:9339-9351. [PMID: 31807064 PMCID: PMC6830360 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s229441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To date, the impact and potential molecular mechanisms of CLDN12 and its association with malignancy in osteosarcoma have not been determined. Materials and methods In the present study, the expression profiles of CLDN12 in osteosarcoma cell lines and tissues were explored by immunohistochemistry. A fetal osteoblast cell line was transfected with a eukaryotic expression plasmid, and endogenous CLDN12 in osteosarcoma cells were silenced through an RNA interference (RNAi) method. These transfections were verified, and the activation state of Thr308 site in protein kinase B (Akt) was explored by Western blotting. Moreover, the malignant phenotype of osteosarcoma cells was evaluated by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), colony formation, Transwell, and wound-healing assays. Furthermore, osteoblast cells were treated with the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor LY294002 to determine the impact of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway on cell migration ability. Results The results revealed that CLDN12 was overexpressed and localized in the cytoplasm of osteosarcoma cells, and its overexpression was associated with an unfavorable prognosis, irrespective of tumor node metastasis stage. In addition, the knockdown of CLDN12 in cultured osteosarcoma cells markedly attenuated cell proliferation and migration, as indicated by the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, colony formation assay, scratch wound healing assay and Transwell migration assay. The results also demonstrated that the overexpression of CLDN12 increased the activation of Thr308 site in Akt in fetal osteoblast cells, and the PI3K inhibitor LY294002 partially decreased CLDN12-promoted proliferation and metastasis. Conclusion In conclusion, the results of the present study indicated that CLDN12 promoted cell proliferation and migration through the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in osteosarcoma cells, suggesting that CLDN12 may be a potential agent in the treatment of patients with osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Tian
- Department of Orthopeadic Surgery, Heze Mudan People's Hospital, Heze City, Shandong 274000, People's Republic of China
| | - YinFeng He
- Department of Joint Surgery, Heze Municipal Hospital, Heze City, Shandong 274000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe Han
- Department of Traumatic Surgery, Heze Municipal Hospital, Heze City, Shandong 274000, People's Republic of China
| | - HongMin Su
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Heze Municipal Hospital, Heze City, Shandong 274000, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Chu
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Heze Municipal Hospital, Heze City, Shandong 274000, People's Republic of China
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Nath P, Maitra S. Physiological relevance of nitric oxide in ovarian functions: An overview. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2019; 279:35-44. [PMID: 30244056 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2018.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO, nitrogen monoxide), a short-lived, free radical carrying an unpaired electron, is one of the smallest molecules synthesized in the biological system. In addition to its role in angiogenesis, neuronal function and inflammatory response, NO has wide-spread significance in regulation of ovarian function in vertebrates. Based on tissue-specific expression, three different nitric oxide synthase (NOS) isoforms, neuronal (nNOS) or NOS1, inducible (iNOS) or NOS2 and endothelial (eNOS) or NOS3 have been identified. While expression of both inducible (iNOS) and constitutive NOS (eNOS) isoforms varies considerably in the ovary at various stages of follicular growth and development, selective binding of NO with proteins containing heme moieties have significant influence on ovarian steroidogenesis. Besides, NO modulation of ovulatory response suggests physiological significance of NO/NOS system in mammalian ovary. Compared to the duality of NO action on follicular development, steroidogenesis and meiotic maturation in mammalian models, participation of NO/NOS system in teleost ovary is less investigated. Genes encoding nos1 and nos2 have been identified in fish; however, presence of nos3 is still ambiguous. Interestingly, two distinct nos2 genes, nos2a and nos2b in zebrafish, possibly arose through whole genome duplication. Differential expression of major NOS isoforms in catfish ovary, NO inhibition of meiosis resumption in Anabas testudineus follicle-enclosed oocytes and NO/sGC/cGMP modulation of oocyte maturation in zebrafish are some of the recent advancements. The present overview is an update on the advancements made and shortfalls still remaining in NO/NOS modulation of intercellular communication in teleost vis-à-vis mammalian ovary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poulomi Nath
- Department of Zoology, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731235, India
| | - Sudipta Maitra
- Department of Zoology, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731235, India.
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Harish M, Kannan S, Puttagunta S, Pradhan MR, Verma CS, Venkatraman P. A Novel Determinant of PSMD9 PDZ Binding Guides the Evolution of the First Generation of Super Binding Peptides. Biochemistry 2019; 58:3422-3433. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.9b00308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahalakshmi Harish
- Protein Interactome Lab for Structural and Functional Biology, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Sector 22, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India 410210
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, 2nd floor, BARC Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India 400094
| | | | - Srivalli Puttagunta
- Protein Interactome Lab for Structural and Functional Biology, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Sector 22, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India 410210
| | - Mohan R. Pradhan
- Bioinformatics Institute (BII), A*STAR, 30 Biopolis Street, 07-01 Matrix, Singapore 138671
| | - Chandra S. Verma
- Bioinformatics Institute (BII), A*STAR, 30 Biopolis Street, 07-01 Matrix, Singapore 138671
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 16 Science Drive, Singapore 117558
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551
| | - Prasanna Venkatraman
- Protein Interactome Lab for Structural and Functional Biology, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Sector 22, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India 410210
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, 2nd floor, BARC Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India 400094
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Monzon CM, Garvin JL. Claudin-19 mediates the effects of NO on the paracellular pathway in thick ascending limbs. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2019; 317:F411-F418. [PMID: 31166708 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00065.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Claudins are a family of tight junction proteins that provide size and charge selectivity to solutes traversing the paracellular space. Thick ascending limbs (TALs) express numerous claudins, including claudin-19. Nitric oxide (NO), via cGMP, reduces dilution potentials in perfused TALs, a measure of paracellular permeability, but the role of claudin-19 is unknown. We hypothesized that claudin-19 mediates the effects of NO/cGMP on the paracellular pathway in TALs via increases in plasma membrane expression of this protein. We measured the effect of the NO donor spermine NONOate (SPM) on dilution potentials with and without blocking antibodies and plasma membrane expression of claudin-19. During the control period, the dilution potential was -18.2 ± 1.8 mV. After treatment with 200 μmol/l SPM, it was -14.7 ± 2.0 mV (P < 0.04). In the presence of claudin-19 antibody, the dilution potential was -12.7 ± 2.1 mV. After SPM, it was -12.9 ± 2.4 mV, not significantly different. Claudin-19 antibody alone had no effect on dilution potentials. In the presence of Tamm-Horsfall protein antibody, SPM reduced the dilution potential from -9.7 ± 1.0 to -6.3 ± 1.1 mV (P < 0.006). Dibutyryl-cGMP (500 µmol/l) reduced the dilution potential from -19.6 ± 2.6 to -17.2 ± 2.3 mV (P < 0.002). Dibutyryl-cGMP increased expression of claudin-19 in the plasma membrane from 29.9 ± 3.8% to 65.9 ± 10.1% of total (P < 0.011) but did not change total expression. We conclude that claudin-19 mediates the effects of the NO/cGMP signaling cascade on the paracellular pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casandra M Monzon
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Jeffrey L Garvin
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
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Zhang X, Wang X, Wang A, Li Q, Zhou M, Li T. CLDN10 promotes a malignant phenotype of osteosarcoma cells via JAK1/Stat1 signaling. J Cell Commun Signal 2019; 13:395-405. [PMID: 30796717 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-019-00509-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
In our previous study, the expression profile of tight junction (TJ) protein claudins (CLDNs) in human osteosarcoma (OS) cells was examined, and the data found the CLDN10 was high expressed in OS cells versus fetal osteoblast cells. Hence, we aim to determine the impacts and the molecular mechanisms of CLDN10 in the metastatic phenotype of OS. The exact expression profiles of CLDN10 and phosphorylated Janus kinase 1 (JAK1) in noncancerous bone tissues and OS tissues were detected via a western blotting and immunohistochemistry method. The OS cells with CLDN10 or JAK1 silencing was established via an RNA interference (RNAi) method, and an osteoblast cell line stably expressing CLDN10 was established via cell transfection. Then, the transfection effects and activation states of JAK1/ signal transducer and activator of transcription1 (Stat1) pathway in OS and osteoblast cells were detected via a western blotting assay. Moreover, the metastatic ability of osteoblast cells and OS cells in vitro were evaluated by means of a cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) assay, colony formation assay in soft agar, transwell assay and wound-healing experiment. The present data revealed that CLDN10 and phospho-JAK1 were up-regulated in OS tissues compared with noncancerous bone tissues. Genetic loss of CLDN10 or JAK1 inhibited the activation of the Stat1 and the malignant phenotype in OS cells. To sum up, our study suggested the CLDN10 enhanced the metastatic phenotype of OS cells via the activation of the JAK1/Stat1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Central Hospital of Zibo, Affiliated with Shandong University, Gong qingtuan Road 54 Hao, Zibo, Shandong Province, China.,Center for Translational Medicine, Central Hospital of Zibo, Affiliated with Shandong University, Zibo, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xianbin Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Central Hospital of Zibo, Affiliated with Shandong University, Gong qingtuan Road 54 Hao, Zibo, Shandong Province, China
| | - Aiyu Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Central Hospital of Zibo, Affiliated with Shandong University, Zibo, Shandong Province, China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Central Hospital of Zibo, Affiliated with Shandong University, Gong qingtuan Road 54 Hao, Zibo, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Central Hospital of Zibo, Affiliated with Shandong University, Gong qingtuan Road 54 Hao, Zibo, Shandong Province, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Central Hospital of Zibo, Affiliated with Shandong University, Gong qingtuan Road 54 Hao, Zibo, Shandong Province, China. .,Center for Translational Medicine, Central Hospital of Zibo, Affiliated with Shandong University, Zibo, Shandong Province, China.
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16
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Nitric Oxide and the Neuroendocrine Control of the Osmotic Stress Response in Teleosts. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20030489. [PMID: 30678131 PMCID: PMC6386840 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The involvement of nitric oxide (NO) in the modulation of teleost osmoresponsive circuits is suggested by the facts that NO synthase enzymes are expressed in the neurosecretory systems and may be regulated by osmotic stimuli. The present paper is an overview on the research suggesting a role for NO in the central modulation of hormone release in the hypothalamo-neurohypophysial and the caudal neurosecretory systems of teleosts during the osmotic stress response. Active NOS enzymes are constitutively expressed by the magnocellular and parvocellular hypophysiotropic neurons and the caudal neurosecretory neurons of teleosts. Moreover, their expression may be regulated in response to the osmotic challenge. Available data suggests that the regulatory role of NO appeared early during vertebrate phylogeny and the neuroendocrine modulation by NO is conservative. Nonetheless, NO seems to have opposite effects in fish compared to mammals. Indeed, NO exerts excitatory effects on the electrical activity of the caudal neurosecretory neurons, influencing the amount of peptides released from the urophysis, while it inhibits hormone release from the magnocellular neurons in mammals.
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Kock G, Dicks M, Yip KT, Kohl B, Pütz S, Heumann R, Erdmann KS, Stoll R. Molecular Basis of Class III Ligand Recognition by PDZ3 in Murine Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase PTPN13. J Mol Biol 2018; 430:4275-4292. [PMID: 30189200 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2018.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Protein tyrosine phosphatase PTPN13, also known as PTP-BL in mice, represents a large multi-domain non-transmembrane scaffolding protein that contains five consecutive PDZ domains. Here, we report the solution structures of the extended murine PTPN13 PDZ3 domain in its apo form and in complex with its physiological ligand, the carboxy-terminus of protein kinase C-related kinase-2 (PRK2), determined by multidimensional NMR spectroscopy. Both in its ligand-free state and when complexed to PRK2, PDZ3 of PTPN13 adopts the classical compact, globular D/E fold. PDZ3 of PTPN13 binds five carboxy-terminal amino acids of PRK2 via a groove located between the EB-strand and the DB-helix. The PRK2 peptide resides in the canonical PDZ3 binding cleft in an elongated manner and the amino acid side chains in position P0 and P-2, cysteine and aspartate, of the ligand face the groove between EB-strand and DB-helix, whereas the PRK2 side chains of tryptophan and alanine located in position P-1 and P-3 point away from the binding cleft. These structures are rare examples of selective class III ligand recognition by a PDZ domain and now provide a basis for the detailed structural investigation of the promiscuous interaction between the PDZ domains of PTPN13 and their ligands. They will also lead to a better understanding of the proposed scaffolding function of these domains in multi-protein complexes assembled by PTPN13 and could ultimately contribute to low molecular weight antagonists that might even act on the PRK2 signaling pathway to modulate rearrangements of the actin cytoskeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerd Kock
- Biomolecular NMR Spectroscopy, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr-University of Bochum, D-44780, Germany
| | - Markus Dicks
- Biomolecular NMR Spectroscopy, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr-University of Bochum, D-44780, Germany
| | - King Tuo Yip
- Biomolecular NMR Spectroscopy, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr-University of Bochum, D-44780, Germany
| | - Bastian Kohl
- Biomolecular NMR Spectroscopy, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr-University of Bochum, D-44780, Germany
| | - Stefanie Pütz
- Biomolecular NMR Spectroscopy, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr-University of Bochum, D-44780, Germany
| | - Rolf Heumann
- Molecular Neurobiochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr-University of Bochum, D-44780, Germany
| | - Kai S Erdmann
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, United Kingdom
| | - Raphael Stoll
- Biomolecular NMR Spectroscopy, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr-University of Bochum, D-44780, Germany.
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18
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Zhang X, Wang H, Li Q, Li T. CLDN2 inhibits the metastasis of osteosarcoma cells via down-regulating the afadin/ERK signaling pathway. Cancer Cell Int 2018; 18:160. [PMID: 30349422 PMCID: PMC6192349 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-018-0662-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In an earlier study, we investigated the expression of tight junction protein claudins (CLDNs) in human osteosarcoma (OS) cells, and the CLDN2 was found to be down-regulated in primary tumor cells compared with normal osteoblast cells. Here, we sought to explore the effects of CLDN2 on the malignant phenotype of OS and the underlying molecular mechanisms. Methods The expression patterns of CLDN2 and afadin in OS tissues and histologically non-neoplastic bone tissues were explored via immunohistochemistry and western blotting. CLDN2 expression levels in an OS cell line stably expressing CLDN2 and an osteoblast cell line with a CLDN2 knockout were confirmed by western blotting and immunofluorescence staining. The malignant phenotype of OS cells and osteoblast cells in vitro was assessed using a cell counting kit-8 assay, transwell assay and wound-healing experiment. Western blotting was utilized to detect the activation state of Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK pathway. Moreover, an RNA interference method were used to silence afadin in CLDN2-expressing OS cells. Results Our research group found that CLDN2 and afadin was underexpressed in OS tissues, and the overexpression of CLDN2 significantly inhibited the migration abilities of OS cells. Genetic silencing of afadin in CLDN2-overexpressing OS cells promoted U2OS cell motility and activation of the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK pathway. Conclusions In this study, we confirmed that CLDN2 expression significantly inhibited the malignant phenotype of OS cells in vitro. Inhibition of the ERK pathway by afadin may be one of the mechanisms by which CLDN2 blocks the metastasis phenotype of OS cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Zhang
- 1Center for Translational Medicine, Central Hospital of Zibo, Affiliated with Shandong University, Gong qingtuan Road 54Hao, Zibo, Shandong China.,3Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Central Hospital of Zibo, Affiliated with Shandong University, Zibo, Shandong China
| | - Haiming Wang
- Department of General Surgery, People's Hospital of Linzi District, Affiliated with Binzhou Medical College, Zibo, Shandong China
| | - Qian Li
- 3Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Central Hospital of Zibo, Affiliated with Shandong University, Zibo, Shandong China
| | - Tao Li
- 1Center for Translational Medicine, Central Hospital of Zibo, Affiliated with Shandong University, Gong qingtuan Road 54Hao, Zibo, Shandong China.,3Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Central Hospital of Zibo, Affiliated with Shandong University, Zibo, Shandong China
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19
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Wang J, Guo Y, Zhang X. Design and verification of halogen-bonding system at the complex interface of human fertilization-related MUP PDZ5 domain with CAMK’s C-terminal peptide. Comput Biol Chem 2018; 72:164-169. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2017.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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20
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Costas-Insua C, Merino-Gracia J, Aicart-Ramos C, Rodríguez-Crespo I. Subcellular Targeting of Nitric Oxide Synthases Mediated by Their N-Terminal Motifs. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2017; 111:165-195. [PMID: 29459031 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
From a catalytic point of view, the three mammalian nitric oxide synthases (NOSs) function in an almost identical way. The N-terminal oxygenase domain catalyzes the conversion of l-arginine to l-citrulline plus ·NO in two sequential oxidation steps. Once l-arginine binds to the active site positioned above the heme moiety, two consecutive monooxygenation reactions take place. In the first step, l-arginine is hydroxylated to make Nω-hydroxy-l-arginine in a process that requires 1 molecule of NADPH and 1 molecule of O2 per mol of l-arginine reacted. In the second step, Nω-hydroxy-l-arginine, never leaving the active site, is oxidized to ·NO plus l-citrulline and 1 molecule of O2 and 0.5 molecules of NADPH are consumed. Since nitric oxide is an important signaling molecule that participates in a number of biological processes, including neurotransmission, vasodilation, and immune response, synthesis and release of ·NO in vivo must be exquisitely regulated both in time and in space. Hence, NOSs have evolved introducing in their amino acid sequences subcellular targeting motifs, most of them located at their N-termini. Deletion studies performed on recombinant, purified NOSs have revealed that part of the N-terminus of all three NOS can be eliminated with the resulting mutant enzymes still being catalytically active. Likewise, NOS isoforms lacking part of their N-terminus when transfected in cells render mislocalized, active proteins. In this review we will comment on the current knowledge of these subcellular targeting signals present in nNOS, iNOS, and eNOS.
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21
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Monzon CM, Occhipinti R, Pignataro OP, Garvin JL. Nitric oxide reduces paracellular resistance in rat thick ascending limbs by increasing Na + and Cl - permeabilities. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2017; 312:F1035-F1043. [PMID: 28274930 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00671.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Revised: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
About 50% of the Na+ reabsorbed in thick ascending limbs traverses the paracellular pathway. Nitric oxide (NO) reduces the permselectivity of this pathway via cGMP, but its effects on absolute Na+ ([Formula: see text]) and Cl- ([Formula: see text]) permeabilities are unknown. To address this, we measured the effect of l-arginine (0.5 mmol/l; NO synthase substrate) and cGMP (0.5 mmol/l) on [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] calculated from the transepithelial resistance (Rt) and [Formula: see text]/[Formula: see text] in medullary thick ascending limbs. Rt was 7,722 ± 1,554 ohm·cm in the control period and 6,318 ± 1,757 ohm·cm after l-arginine treatment (P < 0.05). [Formula: see text]/[Formula: see text] was 2.0 ± 0.2 in the control period and 1.7 ± 0.1 after l-arginine (P < 0.04). Calculated [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] were 3.52 ± 0.2 and 1.81 ± 0.10 × 10-5 cm/s, respectively, in the control period. After l-arginine they were 6.65 ± 0.69 (P < 0.0001 vs. control) and 3.97 ± 0.44 (P < 0.0001) × 10-5 cm/s, respectively. NOS inhibition with Nω-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (5 mmol/l) prevented l-arginine's effect on Rt Next we tested the effect of cGMP. Rt in the control period was 7,592 ± 1,470 and 4,796 ± 847 ohm·cm after dibutyryl-cGMP (0.5 mmol/l; db-cGMP) treatment (P < 0.04). [Formula: see text]/[Formula: see text] was 1.8 ± 0.1 in the control period and 1.6 ± 0.1 after db-cGMP (P < 0.03). [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] were 4.58 ± 0.80 and 2.66 ± 0.57 × 10-5 cm/s, respectively, for the control period and 9.48 ± 1.63 (P < 0.007) and 6.01 ± 1.05 (P < 0.005) × 10-5 cm/s, respectively, after db-cGMP. We modeled NO's effect on luminal Na+ concentration along the thick ascending limb. We found that NO's effect on the paracellular pathway reduces net Na+ reabsorption and that the magnitude of this effect is similar to that due to NO's inhibition of transcellular transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casandra M Monzon
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio; .,Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; and
| | - Rossana Occhipinti
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Omar P Pignataro
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; and.,Laboratorio de Endocrinología Molecular y Transducción de Señales, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jeffrey L Garvin
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
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Oleinikova NA, Kharlova OA, Mal'kov PG, Danilova NV. [The expression of claudins in colonic neoplasms]. Arkh Patol 2017; 79:28-35. [PMID: 28295005 DOI: 10.17116/patol201779128-35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM the evaluation of localization claudin-1, -3 and -4 types of cancer and colon polyps. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study included 32 colon adenocarcinoma and 86 polyps. Antibody claudin-1; -3 and -4 were used as immunohistochemical markers in this study. RESULTS 84/118, 64/118, 52/118 reaction with claudin-1, claudin-3 and claudin-4 in cancer and colon polyps had a membrane localization, respectively. In 33 (27.9%) cases was found paradoxical reaction claudin-1; in 50 (42.4%) - a paradoxical reaction claudin-3 in 66 (55.9%) - a paradoxical reaction claudin-4. Among the paradoxical claudin reaction nuclear localization of marker was observed relatively rarely: claudin-3 in 2.5% cases of colon cancer; claudin-4 in 8.5% of colon polyps. CONCLUSION Mislocalization claudin-3 to nucleus in colon cancer and mislocalization claudin-4 to nucleus in adenomas of the colon were detected for the first time. The potential reasons for the paradoxical expression are discussed and a review of the literature, related all the alleged mechanisms of this mislocalization is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - O A Kharlova
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - P G Mal'kov
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia; Russian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - N V Danilova
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia; Russian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia
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Merino-Gracia J, Zamora-Carreras H, Bruix M, Rodríguez-Crespo I. Molecular Basis for the Protein Recognition Specificity of the Dynein Light Chain DYNLT1/Tctex1: CHARACTERIZATION OF THE INTERACTION WITH ACTIVIN RECEPTOR IIB. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:20962-20975. [PMID: 27502274 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.736884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been suggested that DYNLT1, a dynein light chain known to bind to various cellular and viral proteins, can function both as a molecular clamp and as a microtubule-cargo adapter. Recent data have shown that the DYNLT1 homodimer binds to two dynein intermediate chains to subsequently link cargo proteins such as the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Lfc or the small GTPases RagA and Rab3D. Although over 20 DYNLT1-interacting proteins have been reported, the exact sequence requirements that enable their association to the canonical binding groove or to the secondary site within the DYNLT1 surface are unknown. We describe herein the sequence recognition properties of the hydrophobic groove of DYNLT1 known to accommodate dynein intermediate chain. Using a pepscan approach, we have substituted each amino acid within the interacting peptide for all 20 natural amino acids and identified novel binding sequences. Our data led us to propose activin receptor IIB as a novel DYNLT1 ligand and suggest that DYNLT1 functions as a molecular dimerization engine bringing together two receptor monomers in the cytoplasmic side of the membrane. In addition, we provide evidence regarding a dual binding mode adopted by certain interacting partners such as Lfc or the parathyroid hormone receptor. Finally, we have used NMR spectroscopy to obtain the solution structure of human DYNLT1 forming a complex with dynein intermediate chain of ∼74 kDa; it is the first mammalian structure available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Merino-Gracia
- From the Departamento Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain and
| | - Héctor Zamora-Carreras
- Departamento Química Física Biológica, Instituto Química Física Rocasolano, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Serrano 119, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Bruix
- Departamento Química Física Biológica, Instituto Química Física Rocasolano, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Serrano 119, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Rodríguez-Crespo
- From the Departamento Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain and
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