1
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Vasques ER, Figueira ER, Rocha-Filho JA, Lanchotte C, Ximenes JL, Nader HB, Tersariol IL, Lima MA, Rodrigues T, Cunha JE, Chaib E, D'Albuquerque LA, Galvão FH. A new heparin fragment decreases liver ischemia-reperfusion injury. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2022; 21:190-192. [PMID: 34366197 DOI: 10.1016/j.hbpd.2021.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Enio R Vasques
- Laboratorio de Investigaçao Medica 37, Departamento de Gastroenterologia, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Estela Rr Figueira
- Laboratorio de Investigaçao Medica 37, Departamento de Gastroenterologia, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil; Departamento de Gastroenterologia, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Joel A Rocha-Filho
- Laboratorio de Investigaçao Medica 37, Departamento de Gastroenterologia, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil; Disciplina de Anestesiologia, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cinthia Lanchotte
- Laboratorio de Investigaçao Medica 37, Departamento de Gastroenterologia, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Jorge Ls Ximenes
- Laboratorio de Investigaçao Medica 37, Departamento de Gastroenterologia, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil; Disciplina de Anestesiologia, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Helena B Nader
- Departamento de Bioquimica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ivarne Ls Tersariol
- Departamento de Bioquimica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo A Lima
- Departamento de Bioquimica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - José Em Cunha
- Laboratorio de Investigaçao Medica 37, Departamento de Gastroenterologia, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil; Departamento de Gastroenterologia, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eleazar Chaib
- Laboratorio de Investigaçao Medica 37, Departamento de Gastroenterologia, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil; Serviço de Transplante de Figado e Orgaos do Aparelho Digestivo, Departamento de Gastroenterologia, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz Ac D'Albuquerque
- Laboratorio de Investigaçao Medica 37, Departamento de Gastroenterologia, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil; Serviço de Transplante de Figado e Orgaos do Aparelho Digestivo, Departamento de Gastroenterologia, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Flávio Hf Galvão
- Laboratorio de Investigaçao Medica 37, Departamento de Gastroenterologia, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil; Serviço de Transplante de Figado e Orgaos do Aparelho Digestivo, Departamento de Gastroenterologia, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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2
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Chiarantin GMD, Delgado-Garcia LM, Zamproni LN, Lima MA, Nader HB, Tersariol ILS, Porcionatto M. Neuroprotective effect of heparin Trisulfated disaccharide on ischemic stroke. Glycoconj J 2021; 38:35-43. [PMID: 33411076 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-020-09966-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Cells undergoing hypoxia experience intense cytoplasmic calcium (Ca2+) overload. High concentrations of intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) can trigger cell death in the neural tissue, a hallmark of stroke. Neural Ca2+ homeostasis involves regulation by the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX). Previous data published by our group showed that a product of the enzymatic depolymerization of heparin by heparinase, the unsaturated trisulfated disaccharide (TD; ΔU, 2S-GlcNS, 6S), can accelerate Na+/Ca2+ exchange via NCX, in hepatocytes and aorta vascular smooth muscle cells. Thus, the objective of this work was to verify whether TD could act as a neuroprotective agent able to prevent neuronal cell death by reducing [Ca2+]i. Pretreatment of N2a cells with TD reduced [Ca2+]i rise induced by thapsigargin and increased cell viability under [Ca2+]I overload conditions and in hypoxia. Using a murine model of stroke, we observed that pretreatment with TD decreased cerebral infarct volume and cell death. However, when mice received KB-R7943, an NCX blocker, the neuroprotective effect of TD was abolished, strongly suggesting that this neuroprotection requires a functional NCX to happen. Thus, we propose TD-NCX as a new therapeutic axis for the prevention of neuronal death induced by [Ca2+]i overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielly M D Chiarantin
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Lina M Delgado-Garcia
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Laura N Zamproni
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo A Lima
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Molecular & Structural Biosciences, School of Life Sciences, Keele University, Newcastle-Under-Lyme, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, UK
| | - Helena B Nader
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ivarne L S Tersariol
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Marimélia Porcionatto
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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3
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Ranger A, Gaspar M, Elkhatteb A, Jackson T, Fox S, Aw TC, Vipond L, Cotterill J, Ghori A, Laffan M, Arachchillage DRJ. The heparin-von Willebrand factor interaction and conventional tests of haemostasis - the challenges in predicting bleeding in cardiopulmonary bypass. Br J Haematol 2020; 192:1073-1081. [PMID: 33278841 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.17263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Bleeding is a significant complication of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), despite routine anticoagulation monitoring. This is likely to be multifactorial. In this prospective, single-centre cohort study of 30 patients undergoing CPB surgery, our aim was to characterise the changes in von Willebrand factor (VWF) function, platelet interaction and the global coagulation changes during and after CPB surgery and to determine whether bleeding can be predicted. Samples were taken at six time points before, during and after CPB surgery. We observed a significant rise in VWF antigen (VWF:Ag) throughout surgery, which continued postoperatively. The absolute VWF collagen-binding assays (VWF:CB) and VWF ristocetin cofactor (VWF:RCo) rose significantly but the VWF:CB/VWF:Ag and VWF:Ag/VWF:RCo fell significantly (P = 0·0015 and P = 0·0143), suggesting loss of large multimers. We detected a non-significant trend to loss of VWF:RCo after heparinisation and a significant recovery after protamine reversal which could reflect a direct heparin effect. There was a significant increase in the R and K times with a fall in alpha angle and maximum amplitude after heparin administration, using heparinase-thromboelastography (TEG). The parameters both significantly improved following protamine (P = 0·007 and P = 0·0054). The activated clotting time (ACT) and heparin anti-Xa level correlated poorly; neither predicted clinically significant bleeding. None of these parameters had a relationship with intraoperative blood loss or requirement for blood product replacement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amita Ranger
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Mihaela Gaspar
- Department of Haematology, Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Amira Elkhatteb
- Department of Anaesthesia, Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Tim Jackson
- Department of Perfusion, Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Steve Fox
- Department of Haematology, Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - T C Aw
- Department of Anaesthesia, Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Lisa Vipond
- Department of Haematology, Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Judy Cotterill
- Department of Anaesthesia, Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Arshad Ghori
- Department of Anaesthesia, Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Mike Laffan
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Department of Haematology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Deepa R J Arachchillage
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Department of Haematology, Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,Department of Haematology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
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Heparan Sulfate in the Tumor Microenvironment. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1245:147-161. [PMID: 32266657 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-40146-7_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The biology of tumor cells strictly depends on their microenvironment architecture and composition, which controls the availability of growth factors and signaling molecules. Thus, the network of glycosaminoglycans, proteoglycans, and proteins known as extracellular matrix (ECM) that surrounds the cells plays a central role in the regulation of tumor fate. Heparan sulfate (HS) and heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) are highly versatile ECM components that bind and regulate the activity of growth factors, cell membrane receptors, and other ECM molecules. These HS binding partners modulate cell adhesion, motility, and proliferation that are processes altered during tumor progression. Modification in the expression and activity of HS, HSPGs, and the respective metabolic enzymes results unavoidably in alteration of tumor cell microenvironment. In this light, the targeting of HS structure and metabolism is potentially a new tool in the treatment of different cancer types.
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Rodrigues T, Estevez GNN, Tersariol ILDS. Na+/Ca2+ exchangers: Unexploited opportunities for cancer therapy? Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 163:357-361. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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6
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Sulodexide promotes arterial relaxation via endothelium-dependent nitric oxide-mediated pathway. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 166:347-356. [PMID: 31014752 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Sulodexide (SDX) is a highly purified glycosaminoglycan with antithrombotic and profibrinolytic properties and reported benefits in thrombotic and atherosclerotic vascular disorders. However, the effects of SDX on vascular function are unclear. We tested whether SDX affects vascular relaxation and examined the potential underlying mechanisms. Isolated segments of male rat abdominal aorta and mesenteric artery were suspended in a tissue bath, and the changes in arterial contraction/relaxation were measured. The α-adrenergic receptor agonist phenylephrine (Phe) (10-9-10-5 M) caused concentration-dependent aortic and mesenteric artery contraction that was reduced in tissues pretreated with SDX (1 mg/ml). In aortic and mesenteric arterial segments precontracted with submaximal concentration of Phe (3 × 10-7-6 × 10-7 M), SDX (0.001-1 mg/ml) caused concentration-dependent relaxation. To test the role of endothelium, SDX-induced relaxation was compared with that of acetylcholine (ACh), a known activator of endothelium-dependent relaxation. In Phe precontracted aorta, ACh relaxation was abolished and SDX relaxation was significantly inhibited by endothelium removal or the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor Nω-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), suggesting a role of NO. In mesenteric artery, ACh relaxation was abolished by endothelium removal, partially blocked by L-NAME, and completely blocked by a mixture of indomethacin, a cyclooxygenase inhibitor and blocker of the PGI2-cAMP pathway, and tetraethylammonium, a blocker of K+ channels and EDHF-dependent hyperpolarization pathway. In comparison, SDX relaxation of mesenteric artery was almost completely inhibited by endothelium removal or NOS inhibitor L-NAME. SDX enhanced vascular relaxation and increased nitrate/nitrite production in response to all ACh concentrations in the aorta, but only to low ACh concentrations (<10-7 M) in mesenteric artery. SDX did not affect aortic or mesenteric artery endothelium-independent relaxation to the NO donor sodium nitroprusside. Thus, SDX promotes arterial relaxation via a mechanism involving endothelium-dependent NO production; an effect that could enhance vasodilation and decrease vasoconstriction in vascular disorders.
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Vasques ER, Cunha JEM, Kubrusly MS, Coelho AM, Sanpietri SN, Nader HB, Tersariol ILS, Lima MA, Chaib E, D'Albuquerque LAC. THE M-RNA, EXPRESSION OF SERCA2 AND NCX1 IN THE PROCESS OF PHARMACOLOGICAL CELL PROTECTION IN EXPERIMENTAL ACUTE PANCREATITIS INDUCED BY TAUROCHOLATE. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 31:e1352. [PMID: 29947686 PMCID: PMC6049993 DOI: 10.1590/0102-672020180001e1352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background: Intracellular calcium overload is known to be a precipitating factor of pancreatic cell injury in acute pancreatitis (AP). Intracellular calcium homeostasis depends of Plasmatic Membrane Calcium ATPase (PMCA), Sarcoplasmic Endothelial Reticulum Calcium ATPase 2 (SERCA 2) and the Sodium Calcium Exchanger (NCX1). The antioxidant melatonin (Mel) and Trisulfate Disaccharide (TD) that accelerates NCX1 action could reduce the cell damage determined by the AP. Aim: To evaluate m-RNA expressions of SERCA2 and NCX1 in acute pancreatitis induced by sodium taurocholate in Wistar rats pre-treated with melatonin and/or TD. Methods: Wistar rats were divided in groups: 1) without AP; 2) AP without pre-treatment; 3) AP and Melatonin; 4) AP and TD; 5) AP and Melatonin associated to TD. Pancreatic tissue samples were collected for detection of SERCA2 and NCX1 m-R NA levels by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: Increased m-RNA expression of SERCA2 in the melatonin treated group, without increase of m-RNA expression of the NCX1. The TD did not affect levels of SERCA2 and NCX1 m-RNA expressions. The combined melatonin and TD treatment reduced the m-RNA expression of SERCA2. Conclusions: The effect of melatonin is restricted to increased m-RNA expression of SERCA2. Although TD does not affect gene expression, its action in accelerating calcium exchanger function can explain the slightest expression of SERCA2 m-RNA when associated with Melatonin, perhaps by a joint action of drugs with different and but possibly complementary mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ana Maria Coelho
- Gastroenterology Department LIM 37, University of São Paulo Medical School
| | - Sandra N Sanpietri
- Gastroenterology Department LIM 37, University of São Paulo Medical School
| | - Helena B Nader
- Pharmacology Department of Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ivarne L S Tersariol
- Pharmacology Department of Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo A Lima
- Pharmacology Department of Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Eleazar Chaib
- Gastroenterology Department LIM 37, University of São Paulo Medical School
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de Godoy CMG, Vasques ÊR, Caricati-Neto A, Tavares JGP, Alves BJ, Duarte J, Miranda-Ferreira R, Lima MA, Nader HB, Tersariol ILDS. Heparin Oligosaccharides Have Antiarrhythmic Effect by Accelerating the Sodium-Calcium Exchanger. Front Cardiovasc Med 2018; 5:67. [PMID: 29930947 PMCID: PMC5999778 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2018.00067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Blockage of the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX) is used to determine the role of NCX in arrhythmogenesis. Trisulfated heparin disaccharide (TD) and Low Molecular Weight Heparins (LMWHs) can directly interact with the NCX and accelerate its activity. Objective: In this work, we investigated the antiarrhythmic effect of heparin oligosaccharides related to the NCX activity. Methods: The effects of heparin oligosaccharides were tested on the NCX current (patch clamping) and intracellular calcium transient in rat cardiomyocytes. The effects of heparin oligosaccharides were further investigated in arrhythmia induced in isolated rat atria and rats in vivo. Results: The intracellular Ca2+ concentration decreases upon treatment with either enoxaparin or ardeparin. These drugs abolished arrhythmia induction in isolated atria. The NCX antagonist KB-R7943 abolished the enoxaparin or ardeparin antiarrhythmic effects in isolated atria. In the in vivo measurements, injection of TD 15 min both before coronary occlusion or immediately after reperfusion, significantly prevented the occurrence of reperfusion-induced arrhythmias (ventricular arrhythmia and total AV block) and reduced the lethality rate. The patch clamping experiments showed that, mechanistically, TD increases the forward mode NCX current. Conclusion: Together, the data shows that heparin oligosaccharides may constitute a new class of antiarrhythmic drug that acts by accelerating the forward mode NCX under calcium overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos M G de Godoy
- Institute of Science and Technology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ênio R Vasques
- Department of Gastroenterology (LIM 37), Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Núcleo de Pesquisas Tecnológicas, Universidade de Mogi das Cruzes, Mogi das Cruzes, Brazil
| | - Afonso Caricati-Neto
- Department of Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José G P Tavares
- Department of Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Beatriz J Alves
- Department of Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliana Duarte
- Núcleo de Pesquisas Tecnológicas, Universidade de Mogi das Cruzes, Mogi das Cruzes, Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo A Lima
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Helena B Nader
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ivarne L Dos Santos Tersariol
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Bioquímica, Universidade de Mogi das Cruzes, Mogi das Cruzes, Brazil
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Vasques ER, Cunha JEM, Coelho AMM, Sampietre SN, Patzina RA, Abdo EE, Nader HB, Tersariol ILS, Lima MA, Godoy CMG, Rodrigues T, Chaib E, D’Albuquerque LAC. Trisulfate Disaccharide Decreases Calcium Overload and Protects Liver Injury Secondary to Liver Ischemia/Reperfusion. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0149630. [PMID: 26901764 PMCID: PMC4763191 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0149630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) causes tissue damage and intracellular calcium levels are a factor of cell death. Sodium calcium exchanger (NCX) regulates calcium extrusion and Trisulfated Disaccharide (TD) acts on NCX decreasing intracellular calcium through the inhibition of the exchange inhibitory peptide (XIP). Objectives The aims of this research are to evaluate TD effects in liver injury secondary to I/R in animals and in vitro action on cytosolic calcium of hepatocytes cultures under calcium overload. Methods Wistar rats submitted to partial liver ischemia were divided in groups: Control: (n = 10): surgical manipulation with no liver ischemia; Saline: (n = 15): rats receiving IV saline before reperfusion; and TD: (n = 15): rats receiving IV TD before reperfusion. Four hours after reperfusion, serum levels of AST, ALT, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 were measured. Liver tissue samples were collected for mitochondrial function and malondialdehyde (MDA) content. Pulmonary vascular permeability and histologic parameters of liver were determined. TD effect on cytosolic calcium was evaluated in BRL3A hepatic rat cell cultures stimulated by thapsigargin pre and after treatment with TD. Results AST, ALT, cytokines, liver MDA, mitochondrial dysfunction and hepatic histologic injury scores were less in TD group when compared to Saline Group (p<0.05) with no differences in pulmonary vascular permeability. In culture cells, TD diminished the intracellular calcium raise and prevented the calcium increase pre and after treatment with thapsigargin, respectively. Conclusion TD decreases liver cell damage, preserves mitochondrial function and increases hepatic tolerance to I/R injury by calcium extrusion in Ca2+ overload situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enio Rodrigues Vasques
- Department of Gastroenterology (LIM 37), Medical School, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Ana Maria Mendonca Coelho
- Department of Gastroenterology (LIM 37), Medical School, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sandra N. Sampietre
- Department of Gastroenterology (LIM 37), Medical School, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rosely Antunes Patzina
- Department of Gastroenterology (LIM 37), Medical School, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Emilio Elias Abdo
- Department of Gastroenterology (LIM 37), Medical School, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Helena B. Nader
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ivarne L. S. Tersariol
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Andrade Lima
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos M. G. Godoy
- Department of Science and Technology, Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tiago Rodrigues
- Center of Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eleazar Chaib
- Department of Gastroenterology (LIM 37), Medical School, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz A. C. D’Albuquerque
- Department of Gastroenterology (LIM 37), Medical School, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Heparin modulates the endopeptidase activity of Leishmania mexicana cysteine protease cathepsin L-Like rCPB2.8. PLoS One 2013; 8:e80153. [PMID: 24278253 PMCID: PMC3836952 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0080153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2013] [Accepted: 09/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cysteine protease B is considered crucial for the survival and infectivity of the Leishmania in its human host. Several microorganism pathogens bind to the heparin-like glycosaminoglycans chains of proteoglycans at host-cell surface to promote their attachment and internalization. Here, we have investigated the influence of heparin upon Leishmania mexicana cysteine protease rCPB2.8 activity. Methodology/Principal Findings The data analysis revealed that the presence of heparin affects all steps of the enzyme reaction: (i) it decreases 3.5-fold the k1 and 4.0-fold the k−1, (ii) it affects the acyl-enzyme accumulation with pronounced decrease in k2 (2.7-fold), and also decrease in k3 (3.5-fold). The large values of ΔG = 12 kJ/mol for the association and dissociation steps indicate substantial structural strains linked to the formation/dissociation of the ES complex in the presence of heparin, which underscore a conformational change that prevents the diffusion of substrate in the rCPB2.8 active site. Binding to heparin also significantly decreases the α-helix content of the rCPB2.8 and perturbs the intrinsic fluorescence emission of the enzyme. The data strongly suggest that heparin is altering the ionization of catalytic (Cys25)-S−/(His163)-Im+ H ion pair of the rCPB2.8. Moreover, the interaction of heparin with the N-terminal pro-region of rCPB2.8 significantly decreased its inhibitory activity against the mature enzyme. Conclusions/Significance Taken together, depending on their concentration, heparin-like glycosaminoglycans can either stimulate or antagonize the activity of cysteine protease B enzymes during parasite infection, suggesting that this glycoconjugate can anchor parasite cysteine protease at host cell surface.
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MioLab: Simulator for cardiac myocyte contractile force of rat based on the dynamics of calcium. Med Eng Phys 2013; 35:338-49. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2012.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2011] [Revised: 03/20/2012] [Accepted: 05/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Bouças RI, Jarrouge-Bouças TR, Lima MA, Trindade ES, Moraes FA, Cavalheiro RP, Tersariol IL, Hoppenstead D, Fareed J, Nader HB. Glycosaminoglycan backbone is not required for the modulation of hemostasis: Effect of different heparin derivatives and non-glycosaminoglycan analogs. Matrix Biol 2012; 31:308-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2012.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2012] [Revised: 03/10/2012] [Accepted: 03/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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13
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Paredes-Gamero EJ, Medeiros VP, Farias EHC, Justo GZ, Trindade ES, Andrade-Lopes AL, Godinho RO, de Miranda A, Ferreira AT, Tersariol ILS, Nader HB. Heparin induces rat aorta relaxation via integrin-dependent activation of muscarinic M3 receptors. Hypertension 2010; 56:713-21. [PMID: 20805441 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.110.156877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Previous reports have shown that heparin may promote human hypotension and vascular relaxation by elevation of NO levels through unclear mechanisms. We hypothesized that endothelial muscarinic M(3) receptor activation mediates the heparin-induced vasodilation of rat aortic rings. The experiments were carried out using unfractionated heparin extracted from bovine intestinal mucosa, which elicited an endothelium and NO-dependent relaxation of aortic segments with maximal potency and efficacy (EC(50): 100±10 μmol/L; E(max): 41±3%). Atropine and 1,1-dimethyl-4-diphenylacetoxypiperidinium iodide inhibitors reduced the heparin-dependent relaxation, indicating that M(3) muscarinic receptor is involved in this phenomenon. However, no direct binding of heparin to muscarinic receptors was observed. More importantly, studies performed using the arginine-glycine-aspartic acid peptide and 1-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-3-(1-naphthalenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-day]pyrimidin-4-amine, an Src family inhibitor, reduced by 51% and 73% the heparin-dependent relaxation, respectively, suggesting the coupling of heparin and M(3) receptor through extracellular matrix molecules and integrin. Furthermore, unfractionated heparin induced activation of focal adhesion protein kinase, Src, and paxillin. Finally, fluorescence resonance energy transfer approach confirmed the interaction of the M(3) receptor to integrin. Taken together, these data demonstrate the participation of M(3) receptor and integrin in heparin-dependent relaxation of vascular smooth muscle. These results provide new insights into the molecular mechanism and potential pharmacological action of heparin in vascular physiology.
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14
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Dreyfuss JL, Regatieri CV, Jarrouge TR, Cavalheiro RP, Sampaio LO, Nader HB. Heparan sulfate proteoglycans: structure, protein interactions and cell signaling. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2010; 81:409-29. [PMID: 19722012 DOI: 10.1590/s0001-37652009000300007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2008] [Accepted: 10/08/2008] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Heparan sulfate proteoglycans are ubiquitously found at the cell surface and extracellular matrix in all the animal species. This review will focus on the structural characteristics of the heparan sulfate proteoglycans related to protein interactions leading to cell signaling. The heparan sulfate chains due to their vast structural diversity are able to bind and interact with a wide variety of proteins, such as growth factors, chemokines, morphogens, extracellular matrix components, enzymes, among others. There is a specificity directing the interactions of heparan sulfates and target proteins, regarding both the fine structure of the polysaccharide chain as well precise protein motifs. Heparan sulfates play a role in cellular signaling either as receptor or co-receptor for different ligands, and the activation of downstream pathways is related to phosphorylation of different cytosolic proteins either directly or involving cytoskeleton interactions leading to gene regulation. The role of the heparan sulfate proteoglycans in cellular signaling and endocytic uptake pathways is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana L Dreyfuss
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
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15
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Martelly I, Singabraya D, Vandebrouck A, Papy-Garcia D, Cognard C, Raymond G, Guillet-Deniau I, Courty J, Constantin B. Glycosaminoglycan mimetics trigger IP3-dependent intracellular calcium release in myoblasts. Matrix Biol 2010; 29:317-29. [PMID: 20193761 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2010.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2009] [Revised: 02/05/2010] [Accepted: 02/05/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Glycosaminoglycans (GAG) are sulfated polysaccharides that play an important role in regulating cell functions. GAG mimetics called RGTAs (for ReGeneraTing Agents) have been shown to stimulate tissue repair. In particular they accelerate myogenesis, in part via their heparin-mimetic property towards growth factors. RGTAs also increase activity of calcium-dependent intracellular protease suggesting an effect on calcium cellular homeostasis. This effect was presently investigated on myoblasts in vitro using one member of the RGTA family molecule named OTR4120. We have shown that OTR4120 or heparin induced transient increases of intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca(2+)]i) in pre-fusing myoblasts from both mouse SolD7 cell line and rat skeletal muscle satellite cells grown in primary culture by mobilising sarcoplasmic reticulum store. This [Ca(2+)]i was not mediated by ryanodine receptors but instead resulted from stimulation of the Inositol-3 phosphate-phospholipase C activation pathway. OTR4120-induced calcium transient was not mediated through an ATP, nor a tyrosine kinase, nor an acetylcholine receptor but principally through serotonin 5-HT2A receptor. This original finding shows that the GAG mimetic can induce calcium signal through serotonin receptors and the IP3 pathway may be relevant to its ability to favour myoblast differentiation. It supports a novel and unexpected function of GAGs in the regulation of calcium homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Martelly
- Laboratoire de Recherche sur la Croissance Cellulaire, la Réparation et la Régénération Tissulaires (CRRET), UMR 7149-CNRS, Université Paris-Est Créteil, France.
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16
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Barry WH, Zhang XQ, Halkos ME, Vinten-Johansen J, Saegusa N, Spitzer KW, Matsuoka N, Sheets M, Rao NV, Kennedy TP. Nonanticoagulant heparin reduces myocyte Na+ and Ca2+ loading during simulated ischemia and decreases reperfusion injury. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2009; 298:H102-11. [PMID: 19855066 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00316.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Heparin desulfated at the 2-O and 3-O positions (ODSH) decreases canine myocardial reperfusion injury. We hypothesized that this occurs from effects on ion channels rather than solely from anti-inflammatory activities, as previously proposed. We studied closed-chest pigs with balloon left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion (75-min) and reperfusion (3-h). ODSH effects on [Na(+)](i) (Na Green) and [Ca(2+)](i) (Fluo-3) were measured by flow cytometry in rabbit ventricular myocytes after 45-min of simulated ischemia [metabolic inhibition with 2 mM cyanide, 0 glucose, 37 degrees C, pacing at 0.5 Hz; i.e., pacing-metabolic inhibition (PMI)]. Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchange (NCX) activity and Na(+) channel function were assessed by voltage clamping. ODSH (15 mg/kg) 5 min before reperfusion significantly decreased myocardial necrosis, but neutrophil influx into reperfused myocardium was not consistently reduced. ODSH (100 microg/ml) reduced [Na(+)](i) and [Ca(2+)](i) during PMI. The NCX inhibitor KB-R7943 (10 microM) or the late Na(+) current (I(Na-L)) inhibitor ranolazine (10 microM) reduced [Ca(2+)](i) during PMI and prevented effects of ODSH on Ca(2+) loading. ODSH also reduced the increase in Na(+) loading in paced myocytes caused by 10 nM sea anemone toxin II, a selective activator of I(Na-L). ODSH directly stimulated NCX and reduced I(Na-L). These results suggest that in the intact heart ODSH reduces Na(+) influx during early reperfusion, when I(Na-L) is activated by a burst of reactive oxygen production. This reduces Na(+) overload and thus Ca(2+) influx via NCX. Stimulation of Ca(2+) extrusion via NCX later after reperfusion may also reduce myocyte Ca(2+) loading and decrease infarct size.
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Affiliation(s)
- William H Barry
- School of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Utah Medical Center, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA.
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17
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Felix CF, Oliveira VH, Moreira OC, Mignaco JA, Barrabin H, Scofano HM. Inhibition of plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPase by heparin is modulated by potassium. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2006; 39:586-96. [PMID: 17113336 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2006.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2006] [Revised: 09/11/2006] [Accepted: 10/11/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Heparin is related to several protein receptors that control Ca2+ homeostasis. Here, we studied the effects of heparin on the plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPase from erythrocytes. Both ATP hydrolysis and Ca2+ uptake were inhibited by heparin without modification of the steady-state level of phosphoenzyme formed by ATP. Calmodulin did neither modify the inhibition nor the binding of heparin. Inhibition by heparin was counteracted by K+ but not by Li+. This effect was extended to other sulfated polysaccharides with high number of sulfate residues. Hydrolysis of p-nitrophenylphosphate was equally inhibited by heparin. No evidence for enzyme uncoupling was observed: Ca2+ uptake and ATP hydrolysis remained tightly associated at any level of heparin, and heparin did not increase the passive Ca2+ efflux of inside-out vesicles. Vanadate blocked this efflux, indicating that the main point of Ca2+ escape from these vesicles was linked to the Ca2+ pump. It is discussed that sulfated polysaccharides may physiologically increase the steady-state level of Ca2+ in the cytosol by inhibiting the Ca2+ pumps in a K+ (and tissue) regulated way. It is suggested that heparin regulates the plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPase by binding to the E2 conformer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla F Felix
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-590, Brazil
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18
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Suppression of Ca2+ influx by unfractionated heparin in non-excitable intact cells via multiple mechanisms. Biochem Pharmacol 2005; 69:929-40. [PMID: 15748704 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2004.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2004] [Accepted: 12/09/2004] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Effect of unfractionated heparin (UFH), described as a cell-impermeant IP3 receptor antagonist, was studied on the capacitive Ca(2+) entry in non-permeabilized, intact cells, measuring the intracellular Ca(2+) levels using fluorescence microplate technique. Ca(2+) influx induced via Ca(2+) mobilization by histamine in Hela cells or evoked by store depletion with thapsigargin in RBL-2H3 cells was dose-dependently suppressed by UFH added either before or after the stimuli. UFH also prevented the spontaneous Ba(2+) entry indicating that the non-capacitive Ca(2+) channels may also be affected. In addition, UFH caused a significant and dose-dependent delay in Ca(2+), and other bivalent cation inflow after treatment of the cells with Triton X-100, but it did not diminish the amount of these cations indicating that UFH did not act simply as a cation chelator, but modulated the capacitive Ca(2+) entry possibly via store operated Ca(2+) channels (SOCCs). Inhibitory activities of UFH and 2-aminoethyl diphenyl borate on the capacitive Ca(2+) influx was found reversible, but the time courses of their actions were dissimilar suggesting distinct modes of action. It was also demonstrated using a fluorescence potentiometric dye that UFH had a considerable hyperpolarizing effect and could alter the changes of membrane potential during Ca(2+) influx after store depletion by thapsigargin. We presume that the hyperpolarizing property of this agent might contribute to the suppression of Ca(2+) influx. We concluded that UFH can negatively modulate SOCCs and also other non-capacitive Ca(2+) channels and these activities might also account for its multiple biological effects.
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Zhao Y, Zhang X. Heparin inhibits the reconstituted plasma membrane Ca(2+)-ATPase from porcine brain synaptosome. Glycoconj J 2004; 19:373-8. [PMID: 14707483 DOI: 10.1023/b:glyc.0000004008.30509.ff] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Heparin has been shown to be involved in the regulation of cellular Ca(2+) by binding to many proteins with high affinity. Here we examined the effects of heparin on the plasma membrane Ca(2+)-ATPase from porcine brain synaptosome. Our results showed that heparin dramatically inhibited the ATP hydrolysis and Ca(2+) uptake in the presence and absence of calmodulin. Together with controlled proteolysis by trypsin, we concluded that the calmodulin-binding domain of the plasma membrane Ca(2+)-ATPase was less important for the heparin inhibition. Excess phosphatidylserine was able to eliminate the heparin inhibition. We observed that Ca(2+) affinity kept no obvious changes, but the ATP affinity of plasma membrane Ca(2+)-ATPase was apparently decreased in the presence of heparin. Our results indicated that heparin had little effects on ATP or Ca(2+) binding sites of the enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfang Zhao
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, People's Republic of China
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Hecht I, Hershkoviz R, Shivtiel S, Lapidot T, Cohen IR, Lider O, Cahalon L. Heparin-disaccharide affects T cells: inhibition of NF-κB activation, cell migration, and modulation of intracellular signaling. J Leukoc Biol 2004; 75:1139-46. [PMID: 15020655 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.1203659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that disaccharides (DS), generated by enzymatic degradation of heparin or heparan sulfate, inhibit T cell-mediated immune reactions in rodents and regulate cytokine [tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin (IL)-8, and IL-1beta] secretion by T cells, macrophages, or intestinal epithelial cells. Here, we investigated the effects of a trisulfated heparin DS (3S-DS) on two aspects of T cell function: secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and migration to an inflamed site. 3S-DS down-regulated nuclear factor-kappaB activity and reduced the secretion of TNF-alpha and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) by anti-CD3-activated T cells. In addition, 3S-DS inhibited CXC chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12; stromal cell-derived factor-1alpha)-dependent migration in vitro and in vivo and decreased CXCL12-induced T cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix glycoprotein, fibronectin (FN). This inhibition was accompanied by attenuation of CXCL12-induced Pyk2 phosphorylation but did not involve internalization of the CXCL12 receptor, CXCR4, or phosphorylation of extracellular-regulated kinase. Despite inhibiting CXCL12-induced adhesion, 3S-DS, on its own, induced T cell adhesion to FN, which was accompanied by phosphorylation of Pyk2. A monosulfated DS showed no effect. Taken together, these data provide evidence that 3S-DS can regulate inflammation by inducing and modulating T cell-signaling events, desensitizing CXCR4, and modulating T cell receptor-induced responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Hecht
- Department of Immunology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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