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Martín-Cámara O, Arribas M, Wells G, Morales-Tenorio M, Martín-Requero Á, Porras G, Martínez A, Giorgi G, López-Alvarado P, Lastres-Becker I, Menéndez JC. Multitarget Hybrid Fasudil Derivatives as a New Approach to the Potential Treatment of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. J Med Chem 2022; 65:1867-1882. [PMID: 34985276 PMCID: PMC9132363 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hybrid compounds containing structural fragments of the Rho kinase inhibitor fasudil and the NRF2 inducers caffeic and ferulic acids were designed with the aid of docking and molecular mechanics studies. Following the synthesis of the compounds using a peptide-coupling methodology, they were characterized for their ROCK2 inhibition, radical scavenging, effects on cell viability (MTT assay), and NRF2 induction (luciferase assay). One of the compounds (1d) was selected in view of its good multitarget profile and good tolerability. It was able to induce the NRF2 signature, promoting the expression of the antioxidant response enzymes HO-1 and NQO1, via a KEAP1-dependent mechanism. Analysis of mRNA and protein levels of the NRF2 pathway showed that 1d induced the NRF2 signature in control and SOD1-ALS lymphoblasts but not in sALS, where it was already increased in the basal state. These results show the therapeutic potential of this compound, especially for ALS patients with a SOD1 mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olmo Martín-Cámara
- Unidad
de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Departamento
de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, Plaza de Ramón y Cajal sn, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marina Arribas
- Instituto
de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols”
UAM-CSIC, Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, and Institute
Teófilo Hernando for Drug Discovery, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Geoffrey Wells
- UCL
School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29/39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
| | - Marcos Morales-Tenorio
- Centro
de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángeles Martín-Requero
- Centro
de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Centro
de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas
(CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Gracia Porras
- Centro
de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Martínez
- Centro
de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Centro
de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas
(CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Giorgio Giorgi
- Unidad
de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Departamento
de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, Plaza de Ramón y Cajal sn, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar López-Alvarado
- Unidad
de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Departamento
de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, Plaza de Ramón y Cajal sn, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Lastres-Becker
- Instituto
de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols”
UAM-CSIC, Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, and Institute
Teófilo Hernando for Drug Discovery, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro
de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas
(CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - J. Carlos Menéndez
- Unidad
de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Departamento
de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, Plaza de Ramón y Cajal sn, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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2
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Lima VDA, Esquinelato R, Carmo-Gonçalves P, Nascimento LAD, Lee H, Eliezer D, Romão L, Follmer C. The dopamine receptor agonist apomorphine stabilizes neurotoxic α-synuclein oligomers. FEBS Lett 2022; 596:309-322. [PMID: 34928512 PMCID: PMC8972942 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The misfolding and aggregation of the protein α-synuclein (aSyn) into potentially neurotoxic oligomers is believed to play a pivotal role in the neuropathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). Herein, we explore how apomorphine (Apo), a nonselective dopamine D1 and D2 receptor agonist utilized in the therapy for PD, affects the aggregation and toxicity of aSyn in vitro. Our data indicated that Apo inhibits aSyn fibrillation leading to the formation of large oligomeric species (Apo-aSyn-O), which exhibit remarkable toxicity in mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons in primary cultures. Interestingly, purified Apo-aSyn-O, even at very low concentrations, seems to be capable of converting unmodified aSyn monomer into neurotoxic species. Collectively, our findings warn for a possible dangerous effect of Apo on aSyn misfolding/aggregation pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanderlei de Araujo Lima
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Esquinelato
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Phelippe Carmo-Gonçalves
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Hudson Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - David Eliezer
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Luciana Romão
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Cristian Follmer
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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3
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Salahuddin P, Khan RH, Furkan M, Uversky VN, Islam Z, Fatima MT. Mechanisms of amyloid proteins aggregation and their inhibition by antibodies, small molecule inhibitors, nano-particles and nano-bodies. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 186:580-590. [PMID: 34271045 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.07.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Protein misfolding and aggregation can be induced by a wide variety of factors, such as dominant disease-associated mutations, changes in the environmental conditions (pH, temperature, ionic strength, protein concentration, exposure to transition metal ions, exposure to toxins, posttranslational modifications including glycation, phosphorylation, and sulfation). Misfolded intermediates interact with similar intermediates and progressively form dimers, oligomers, protofibrils, and fibrils. In amyloidoses, fibrillar aggregates are deposited in the tissues either as intracellular inclusion or extracellular plaques (amyloid). When such proteinaceous deposit occurs in the neuronal cells, it initiates degeneration of neurons and consequently resulting in the manifestation of various neurodegenerative diseases. Several different types of molecules have been designed and tested both in vitro and in vivo to evaluate their anti-amyloidogenic efficacies. For instance, the native structure of a protein associated with amyloidosis could be stabilized by ligands, antibodies could be used to remove plaques, oligomer-specific antibody A11 could be used to remove oligomers, or prefibrillar aggregates could be removed by affibodies. Keeping the above views in mind, in this review we have discussed protein misfolding and aggregation, mechanisms of protein aggregation, factors responsible for aggregations, and strategies for aggregation inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parveen Salahuddin
- DISC, Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, A.M.U., Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Rizwan Hasan Khan
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, A.M.U., Aligarh 202002, India.
| | - Mohammad Furkan
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, A.M.U., Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Vladimir N Uversky
- Protein Research Group, Institute for Biological Instrumentation of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya Str., 7, Pushchino, Moscow region 142290, Russia; Department of Molecular Medicine and USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Research Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Zeyaul Islam
- Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, P.O Box 5825, Doha, Qatar
| | - Munazza Tamkeen Fatima
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
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4
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Rozniakowski K, Galecki K, Wietrzyk J, Filip-Psurska B, Fraczyk J, Kaminski ZJ, Kolesinska B. N-Methylated Analogs of hIAPP Fragments 18-22, 23-27, 33-37 Inhibit Aggregation of the Amyloidogenic Core of the Hormone. Chem Biodivers 2020; 18:e2000842. [PMID: 33331666 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202000842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Amylin (hIAPP) aggregation leads to the formation of insoluble deposits and is one of the factors in the development of type II diabetes. The aim of this research was to find N-methylated analogs of the aggregating amylin fragments 18-22, 23-27, and 33-37, which would not themselves be susceptible to aggregation and would inhibit the aggregation of the amyloidogenic cores of the hormone. None of the analogs of fragment 18-22 containing one or two N-methylated amino acid residues showed any tendency to aggregate. Only the peptide H-F(N-Me)GA(N-Me) IL-OH (6) derived from the 23-27 hIAPP hot spot did not form fibrous structures. All analogs of the 33-37 amylin fragment were characterized by the ability to form aggregates, despite the presence of N-methylated amino acids in their structures. N-Methylated peptides 1-5 demonstrated inhibitory properties against the aggregation of fragment 18-22. Aggregation of the amyloidogenic core of 23-27 was significantly inhibited by N-methylated peptides 1-3 derived from the (18-22) H-HSSNN-OH fragment and by the H-F(N-Me)GA(N-Me)IL-OH (6) fragment derived from the 23-27 amylin hot spot. Fragment (33-37) H-GSNTY-NH2 was found to be inhibited in the presence of N-methylated peptides 1-3 derived from the 18-22 fragment and by the double methylated peptide H-F(N-Me)GA(N-Me)IL-OH (6). Research on the possibility of using N-methylated analogs of amyloidogenic amylin cores as inhibitors of hormone aggregation is ongoing, with a focus on finding the minimum concentration of N-methylated peptides capable of inhibiting the aggregation of hIAPP hot spots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Rozniakowski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, 90-924, Lodz, Poland
| | - Krystian Galecki
- Institute of General Food Chemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology & Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 4/10, 90-924, Lodz, Poland
| | - Joanna Wietrzyk
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Rudolfa Weigla St., 53-114, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Beata Filip-Psurska
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Rudolfa Weigla St., 53-114, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Justyna Fraczyk
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, 90-924, Lodz, Poland
| | - Zbigniew J Kaminski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, 90-924, Lodz, Poland
| | - Beata Kolesinska
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, 90-924, Lodz, Poland
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5
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de Oliveira MAS, Hilt S, Chang CW, Lee C, Voss JC, Chan JW. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering sensing platform for detecting amyloid-β peptide interaction with an aggregation inhibitor. APPLIED OPTICS 2020; 59:7490-7495. [PMID: 32902446 DOI: 10.1364/ao.399307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Soluble, small amyloid-β oligomers (AβO) are recognized as significant contributors to the pathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although drugs for treating AD symptoms have been approved, no therapy targeting amyloid-β (Aβ) capable of modifying the course of the disease is available. In an effort to develop a label-free method for screening new anti-AD therapeutic agents, we show the use of a surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) active substrate for detecting the interactions between Aβ peptides and spin-labeled fluorine (SLF), a peptide aggregation inhibitor. Changes in the peak positions and intensity ratios of two spectral peaks near 1600cm-1 and 2900cm-1 can be used to monitor the molecular interactions between SLF and Aβ. This study demonstrates the potential of SERS spectroscopy for rapidly screening and identifying new anti-Aβ therapeutic agents.
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6
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Lee JY, Ham J, Lim W, Song G. Apomorphine facilitates loss of respiratory chain activity in human epithelial ovarian cancer and inhibits angiogenesis in vivo. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 154:95-104. [PMID: 32437927 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Apomorphine, a therapeutic agent for neurological diseases, is structurally similar to dopamine, and thereby holds potential in cancer therapy. However, there are no reports regarding its anti-cancer effects on human epithelial ovarian cancers (EOCs); therefore, we aimed to elucidate the mechanism underlying its action after drug repositioning. Apomorphine inhibited the proliferation of ES2 and OV90 EOC cells by inducing caspase activation and mitochondrion-associated apoptosis; it also promoted endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial dysfunction through mitochondrial membrane potential depolarization and mitochondrial calcium overload. Moreover, following apomorphine treatment, we noted the loss of respiratory chain activity by reduction of oxidative phosphorylation and energy-production shift in EOC cells. Further, we verified the anti-angiogenic capacity of apomorphine using fli:eGFP transgenic zebrafish. As a preclinical assessment, we demonstrated the synergistic anti-cancer effects of apomorphine and paclitaxel combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Young Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Jiyeon Ham
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Whasun Lim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kookmin University, Seoul, 02707, Republic of Korea.
| | - Gwonhwa Song
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
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7
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Metta V, Borgohain R, L Kukkle P, Mridula R, Agarwal P, Kishore A, Goyal V, Chaudhuri R. Subcutaneous apomorphine in advanced Parkinson’s disease and its use in Indian population. ANNALS OF MOVEMENT DISORDERS 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/aomd.aomd_16_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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8
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Nabavi SM, Uriarte E, Rastrelli L, Sobarzo-Sánchez E. Aporphines and Alzheimer's Disease: Towards a Medical Approach Facing the Future. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:3253-3259. [PMID: 29756568 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180514102933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease that reduces progressively the part cognitive inside the Central Nervous System (CNS) and that affects the memories and emotions of the patients who endure this disease. Many drugs have been assessed in patients with different evolutionary grades of the disease, having diverse results, depending on the used compound. Some of them afford dependence and many others with side effects that affect the emotional part and the economic cost of the treatment. The natural products have diversified their therapeutic uses, and have been used in the treatment of AD in accordance with its easy medical administration and bioavailability. In this review, the use of aporphines in nature for treating Alzheimer's disease, alkaloids isolated from natural and/or synthetic sources have been used principally as cholinesterase inhibitors (acetyl- and butyrylcholinesterase) as galantamine, for instance, though its use has been questioned for being slightly effective or marginal. The use of aporphines give the possibility of generating new treatments with nitrogenous chemical structures of diverse complexity and that are focused in this review comparatively and with real therapeutic scopes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mohammad Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Eugenio Uriarte
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Luca Rastrelli
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Universita degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132 - 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Eduardo Sobarzo-Sánchez
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación e Innovación en Salud, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Central de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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9
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Ayaz M, Ullah F, Sadiq A, Kim MO, Ali T. Editorial: Natural Products-Based Drugs: Potential Therapeutics Against Alzheimer's Disease and Other Neurological Disorders. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1417. [PMID: 31849668 PMCID: PMC6889855 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ayaz
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Pakistan
| | - Farhat Ullah
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Sadiq
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Pakistan
| | - Myeong Ok Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Tahir Ali
- Department of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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10
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Wang Z, Dong X, Sun Y. Mixed Carboxyl and Hydrophobic Dendrimer Surface Inhibits Amyloid-β Fibrillation: New Insight from the Generation Number Effect. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:14681-14687. [PMID: 31635460 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b02527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Fibrillation of amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) is closely associated with the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and so inhibition of Aβ fibrillation has been considered as one of the promising strategies for AD prevention and treatment. Our group has proposed the hydrophobic binding-electrostatic repulsion (HyBER) theory on inhibiting Aβ fibrillation by a surface with mixed negative charges and hydrophobic groups, which provides a new strategy for the design of potent amyloid inhibitors. Carboxyl-terminated polyamidoamine dendrimer (PAMAM) is a kind of biocompatible nanomaterial with only carboxyl groups on its surface, and its architecture and property vary with the generation number, low-generation dendrimers possessing sparse distributions of terminal groups while high-generation dendrimers having compact surface groups, which offer abundant base materials for further study of the HyBER theory. We have designed a potent amyloid inhibitor with generation 5 PAMAM. To provide new insights into the HyBER mechanism, we have herein proposed to synthesize phenyl-modified PAMAM dendrimers of generations 3 to 6 (G3-P to G6-P) and study the effect of the generation number on Aβ fibrillation. Results show that phenyl derivatives of low-generation dendrimers (G3-P and G4-P) do not show any interference with Aβ aggregation, whereas the phenyl derivatives of high-generation dendrimers (G5-P and G6-P) significantly inhibit Aβ42 aggregation and alter the ultrastructure of Aβ42 aggregates. The results indicate that the density and distribution of surface functional groups on a dendrimer is of great importance for the HyBER effect to happen. The new understanding on the HyBER mechanism would benefit in the development of potent amyloid inhibitors based on the theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyuan Wang
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300354 , China
| | - Xiaoyan Dong
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300354 , China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300354 , China
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11
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Arispe N, De Maio A. Memory Loss and the Onset of Alzheimer's Disease Could Be Under the Control of Extracellular Heat Shock Proteins. J Alzheimers Dis 2019; 63:927-934. [PMID: 29689729 DOI: 10.3233/jad-180161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a major contemporary and escalating malady in which amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides are the most likely causative agent. Aβ peptides spontaneously tend to aggregate in extracellular fluids following a progression from a monomeric state, through intermediate forms, ending in amyloid fibers and plaques. It is generally accepted now that the neurotoxic agents leading to cellular death, memory loss, and other AD characteristics are the Aβ intermediate aggregated states. However, Aβ peptides are continuously produced, released into the extracellular space, and rapidly cleared from healthy brains. Coincidentally, members of the heat shock proteins (hsp) family are present in the extracellular medium of healthy cells and body fluids, opening the possibility that hsps and Aβ could meet and interact in the extracellular milieu of the brain. In this perspective and reflection article, we place our investigation showing that the presence of Hsp70s mitigate the formation of low molecular weight Aβ peptide oligomers resulting in a reduction of cellular toxicity, in context of the current understanding of the disease. We propose that it may be an inverse relationship between the presence of Hsp70, the stage of Aβ oligomers, neurotoxicity, and the incidence of AD, particularly since the expression and circulating levels of hsp decrease with aging. Combining these observations, we propose that changes in the dynamics of Hsp70s and Aβ concentrations in the circulating brain fluids during aging defines the control of the formation of Aβ toxic aggregates, thus determining the conditions for neuron degeneration and the incidence of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelson Arispe
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Antonio De Maio
- Department of Surgery and Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
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12
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Ueda M, Okada M, Mizuguchi M, Kluve-Beckerman B, Kanenawa K, Isoguchi A, Misumi Y, Tasaki M, Ueda A, Kanai A, Sasaki R, Masuda T, Inoue Y, Nomura T, Shinriki S, Shuto T, Kai H, Yamashita T, Matsui H, Benson MD, Ando Y. A cell-based high-throughput screening method to directly examine transthyretin amyloid fibril formation at neutral pH. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:11259-11275. [PMID: 31167790 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.007851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Transthyretin (TTR) is a major amyloidogenic protein associated with hereditary (ATTRm) and nonhereditary (ATTRwt) intractable systemic transthyretin amyloidosis. The pathological mechanisms of ATTR-associated amyloid fibril formation are incompletely understood, and there is a need for identifying compounds that target ATTR. C-terminal TTR fragments are often present in amyloid-laden tissues of most patients with ATTR amyloidosis, and on the basis of in vitro studies, these fragments have been proposed to play important roles in amyloid formation. Here, we found that experimentally-formed aggregates of full-length TTR are cleaved into C-terminal fragments, which were also identified in patients' amyloid-laden tissues and in SH-SY5Y neuronal and U87MG glial cells. We observed that a 5-kDa C-terminal fragment of TTR, TTR81-127, is highly amyloidogenic in vitro, even at neutral pH. This fragment formed amyloid deposits and induced apoptosis and inflammatory gene expression also in cultured cells. Using the highly amyloidogenic TTR81-127 fragment, we developed a cell-based high-throughput screening method to discover compounds that disrupt TTR amyloid fibrils. Screening a library of 1280 off-patent drugs, we identified two candidate repositioning drugs, pyrvinium pamoate and apomorphine hydrochloride. Both drugs disrupted patient-derived TTR amyloid fibrils ex vivo, and pyrvinium pamoate also stabilized the tetrameric structure of TTR ex vivo in patient plasma. We conclude that our TTR81-127-based screening method is very useful for discovering therapeutic drugs that directly disrupt amyloid fibrils. We propose that repositioning pyrvinium pamoate and apomorphine hydrochloride as TTR amyloid-disrupting agents may enable evaluation of their clinical utility for managing ATTR amyloidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuharu Ueda
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Masamitsu Okada
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Mineyuki Mizuguchi
- Laboratory of Structural Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Barbara Kluve-Beckerman
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202
| | - Kyosuke Kanenawa
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Aito Isoguchi
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Yohei Misumi
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Tasaki
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan.,Department of Morphological and Physiological Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0976, Japan
| | - Akihiko Ueda
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Akinori Kanai
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Ryoko Sasaki
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Teruaki Masuda
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Yasuteru Inoue
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Toshiya Nomura
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Satoru Shinriki
- Department of Molecular Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Shuto
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Kai
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Taro Yamashita
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Matsui
- Department of Molecular Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Merrill D Benson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202
| | - Yukio Ando
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
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13
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Es-haghi A, Ebrahim-Habibi A. Inhibition of amyloid fibrillation of apo-carbonic anhydrase by flavonoid compounds. J Biosci 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-019-9866-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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14
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Auffret M, Drapier S, Vérin M. New tricks for an old dog: A repurposing approach of apomorphine. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 843:66-79. [PMID: 30395851 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.10.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Apomorphine is a 150-year old nonspecific dopaminergic agonist, currently indicated for treating motor fluctuations in Parkinson's disease. At the era of drug repurposing, its pleiotropic biological functions suggest other possible uses. To further explore new therapeutic and diagnostic applications, the available literature up to July 2018 was reviewed using the PubMed and Google Scholar databases. As many of the retrieved articles consisted of case reports and preclinical studies, we adopted a descriptive approach, tackling each area of research in turn, to give a broad overview of the potential of apomorphine. Apomorphine may play a role in neurological diseases like restless legs syndrome, Huntington's chorea, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease and disorders of consciousness, but also in sexual disorders, neuroleptic malignant(-like) syndrome and cancer. Further work is needed in both basic and clinical research; current developments in novel delivery strategies and apomorphine derivatives are expected to open the way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manon Auffret
- Behavior and Basal Ganglia Research Unit (EA 4712), University of Rennes 1, Rennes, France; Institut des Neurosciences Cliniques de Rennes (INCR), Rennes, France.
| | - Sophie Drapier
- Behavior and Basal Ganglia Research Unit (EA 4712), University of Rennes 1, Rennes, France; Institut des Neurosciences Cliniques de Rennes (INCR), Rennes, France; Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Pontchaillou University Hospital, Rennes, France
| | - Marc Vérin
- Behavior and Basal Ganglia Research Unit (EA 4712), University of Rennes 1, Rennes, France; Institut des Neurosciences Cliniques de Rennes (INCR), Rennes, France; Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Pontchaillou University Hospital, Rennes, France
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15
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Hanaki M, Murakami K, Katayama S, Akagi KI, Irie K. Mechanistic analyses of the suppression of amyloid β42 aggregation by apomorphine. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:1538-1546. [PMID: 29429575 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
(R)-Apomorphine (1) has the potential to reduce the accumulation of amyloid β-protein (Aβ42), a causative agent of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although the inhibition of Aβ42 aggregation by 1 is ascribable to the antioxidative effect of its phenol moiety, its inhibitory mechanism at the molecular level remains to be fully elucidated. LC-MS and UV analyses revealed that 1 is autoxidized during incubation to produce an unstable o-quinone form (2), which formed a Michael adduct with Lys 16 and 28 of Aβ42. A further autoxidized form of 1 (3) with o-quinone and phenanthrene moieties suppressed Aβ42 aggregation comparable to 1, whereas treating 1 with a reductant, tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine diminished its inhibitory activity. 1H-15N SOFAST-HMQC NMR studies suggested that 1 interacts with Arg5, His13,14, Gln15, and Lys16 of the Aβ42 monomer. These regions form intermolecular β-sheets in Aβ42 aggregates. Since 3 did not perturb the chemical shift of monomeric Aβ42, we performed aggregation experiments using 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol-treated Aβ42 to investigate whether 3 associates with Aβ42 oligomers. Compounds 1 and 3 delayed the onset of the oligomer-driven nucleation phase. Despite their cytotoxicity, they did not exacerbate Aβ42-mediated neurotoxicity in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. These results demonstrate that extension of the conjugated system in 1 by autoxidation can promote its planarity, which is required for intercalation into the β-sheet of Aβ42 nuclei, thereby suppressing further aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mizuho Hanaki
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Kazuma Murakami
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Sumie Katayama
- National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka 567-0085, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Akagi
- National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka 567-0085, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Irie
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
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16
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Glial Draper Rescues Aβ Toxicity in a Drosophila Model of Alzheimer's Disease. J Neurosci 2017; 37:11881-11893. [PMID: 29109235 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0862-17.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD) include amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, and reactive gliosis. Glial cells offer protection against AD by engulfing extracellular Aβ peptides, but the repertoire of molecules required for glial recognition and destruction of Aβ are still unclear. Here, we show that the highly conserved glial engulfment receptor Draper/MEGF10 provides neuroprotection in an AD model of Drosophila (both sexes). Neuronal expression of human Aβ42arc in adult flies results in robust Aβ accumulation, neurodegeneration, locomotor dysfunction, and reduced lifespan. Notably, all of these phenotypes are more severe in draper mutant animals, whereas enhanced expression of glial Draper reverses Aβ accumulation, as well as behavioral phenotypes. We also show that the signal transducer and activator of transcription (Stat92E), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)/AP-1 signaling, and expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (Mmp1) are activated downstream of Draper in glia in response to Aβ42arc exposure. Furthermore, Aβ42-induced upregulation of the phagolysosomal markers Atg8 and p62 was notably reduced in draper mutant flies. Based on our findings, we propose that glia clear neurotoxic Aβ peptides in the AD model Drosophila brain through a Draper/STAT92E/JNK cascade that may be coupled to protein degradation pathways such as autophagy or more traditional phagolysosomal destruction methods.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Alzheimer's disease (AD) and similar dementias are common incurable neurodegenerative disorders in the aging population. As the primary immune responders in the brain, glial cells are implicated as key players in the onset and progression of AD and related disorders. Here we show that the glial engulfment receptor Draper is protective in a Drosophila model of AD, reducing levels of amyloid β (Aβ) peptides, reversing locomotor defects, and extending lifespan. We further show that protein degradation pathways are induced downstream of Draper in AD model flies, supporting a model in which glia engulf and destroy Aβ peptides to reduce amyloid-associated toxicity.
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17
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Sharma S, Nehru B, Saini A. Inhibition of Alzheimer's amyloid-beta aggregation in-vitro by carbenoxolone: Insight into mechanism of action. Neurochem Int 2017; 108:481-493. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2017.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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18
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19
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Bhat WF, Bhat SA, Bhat IA, Sohail A, Shah A, Bano B. Anti-fibrillogenic and fibril destabilizing effects of metal ions on cystatin fibrils. Process Biochem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2017.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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20
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Nusrat S, Zaidi N, Siddiqi MK, Zaman M, Siddique IA, Ajmal MR, Abdelhameed AS, Khan RH. Anti-Parkinsonian L-Dopa can also act as anti-systemic amyloidosis—A mechanistic exploration. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 99:630-640. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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21
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Inhibition of amyloid oligomerization into different supramolecular architectures by small molecules: mechanistic insights and design rules. Future Med Chem 2017; 9:797-810. [DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2017-0026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein misfolding and aggregation have been associated with several human disorders, including Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s and Huntington’s diseases, as well as senile systemic amyloidosis and Type II diabetes. However, there is no current disease-modifying therapy available for the treatment of these disorders. In spite of extensive academic, pharmaceutical, medicinal and clinical research, a complete mechanistic model for this family of diseases is still lacking. In this review, we primarily discuss the different types of small molecular entities which have been used for the inhibition of the aggregation process of different amyloidogenic proteins under diseased conditions. These include small peptides, polyphenols, inositols, quinones and their derivatives, and metal chelator molecules. In recent years, these groups of molecules have been extensively studied using in vitro, in vivo and computational models to understand their mechanism of action and common structural features underlying the process of inhibition. A salient feature found to be instrumental in the process of inhibition is the balance between the aromatic unit that functions as the amyloid recognition unit and the hydrophilic amyloid breaker unit. The establishment of structure–function relationship for amyloid-modifying therapies by the various functional entities should serve as an important step toward the development of efficient therapeutics.
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22
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Stroo E, Koopman M, Nollen EAA, Mata-Cabana A. Cellular Regulation of Amyloid Formation in Aging and Disease. Front Neurosci 2017; 11:64. [PMID: 28261044 PMCID: PMC5306383 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2017.00064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
As the population is aging, the incidence of age-related neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer and Parkinson disease, is growing. The pathology of neurodegenerative diseases is characterized by the presence of protein aggregates of disease specific proteins in the brain of patients. Under certain conditions these disease proteins can undergo structural rearrangements resulting in misfolded proteins that can lead to the formation of aggregates with a fibrillar amyloid-like structure. Cells have different mechanisms to deal with this protein aggregation, where the molecular chaperone machinery constitutes the first line of defense against misfolded proteins. Proteins that cannot be refolded are subjected to degradation and compartmentalization processes. Amyloid formation has traditionally been described as responsible for the proteotoxicity associated with different neurodegenerative disorders. Several mechanisms have been suggested to explain such toxicity, including the sequestration of key proteins and the overload of the protein quality control system. Here, we review different aspects of the involvement of amyloid-forming proteins in disease, mechanisms of toxicity, structural features, and biological functions of amyloids, as well as the cellular mechanisms that modulate and regulate protein aggregation, including the presence of enhancers and suppressors of aggregation, and how aging impacts the functioning of these mechanisms, with special attention to the molecular chaperones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Stroo
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Aging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Mandy Koopman
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Aging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Ellen A A Nollen
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Aging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Alejandro Mata-Cabana
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Aging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen Groningen, Netherlands
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23
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Breydo L, Redington JM, Uversky VN. Effects of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Factors on Aggregation of Physiologically Important Intrinsically Disordered Proteins. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2016; 329:145-185. [PMID: 28109327 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2016.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Misfolding and aggregation of proteins and peptides play an important role in a number of diseases as well as in many physiological processes. Many of the proteins that misfold and aggregate in vivo are intrinsically disordered. Protein aggregation is a complex multistep process, and aggregates can significantly differ in morphology, structure, stability, cytotoxicity, and self-propagation ability. The aggregation process is influenced by both intrinsic (e.g., mutations and expression levels) and extrinsic (e.g., polypeptide chain truncation, macromolecular crowding, posttranslational modifications, as well as interaction with metal ions, other small molecules, lipid membranes, and chaperons) factors. This review examines the effect of a variety of these factors on aggregation of physiologically important intrinsically disordered proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Breydo
- Byrd Alzheimer's Research Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States.
| | - J M Redington
- Byrd Alzheimer's Research Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - V N Uversky
- Byrd Alzheimer's Research Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States; Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia.
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24
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Zhang-Haagen B, Biehl R, Nagel-Steger L, Radulescu A, Richter D, Willbold D. Monomeric Amyloid Beta Peptide in Hexafluoroisopropanol Detected by Small Angle Neutron Scattering. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0150267. [PMID: 26919121 PMCID: PMC4769228 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Small proteins like amyloid beta (Aβ) monomers are related to neurodegenerative disorders by aggregation to insoluble fibrils. Small angle neutron scattering (SANS) is a nondestructive method to observe the aggregation process in solution. We show that SANS is able to resolve monomers of small molecular weight like Aβ for aggregation studies. We examine Aβ monomers after prolonged storing in d-hexafluoroisopropanol (dHFIP) by using SANS and dynamic light scattering (DLS). We determined the radius of gyration from SANS as 1.0±0.1 nm for Aβ1–40 and 1.6±0.1 nm for Aβ1–42 in agreement with 3D NMR structures in similar solvents suggesting a solvent surface layer with 5% increased density. After initial dissolution in dHFIP Aβ aggregates sediment with a major component of pure monomers showing a hydrodynamic radius of 1.8±0.3 nm for Aβ1–40 and 3.2±0.4 nm for Aβ1–42 including a surface layer of dHFIP solvent molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhang-Haagen
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science & Institute of Complex Systems, Neutron Scattering (JCNS-1&ICS-1), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ralf Biehl
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science & Institute of Complex Systems, Neutron Scattering (JCNS-1&ICS-1), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Luitgard Nagel-Steger
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute of Complex Systems, Structural Biochemistry (ICS-6), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Aurel Radulescu
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science, Outstation at MLZ (JCNS-MLZ), Research Centre Jülich, Garching, Germany
| | - Dieter Richter
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science & Institute of Complex Systems, Neutron Scattering (JCNS-1&ICS-1), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Dieter Willbold
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute of Complex Systems, Structural Biochemistry (ICS-6), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
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25
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Fathimath Salfeena CT, Ashitha KT, Sasidhar BS. BF3·Et2O mediated one-step synthesis of N-substituted-1,2-dihydropyridines, indenopyridines and 5,6-dihydroisoquinolines. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:10165-10169. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ob02133f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A simple and efficient one-pot ring annulation provides quick access to N-substituted-1,2-dihydropyridines, indenopyridines and 5,6-dihydroisoquinolines.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. T. Fathimath Salfeena
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
- New Delhi 110001
- India
- Organic Chemistry Section
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division
| | - K. T. Ashitha
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
- New Delhi 110001
- India
- Organic Chemistry Section
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division
| | - B. S. Sasidhar
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
- New Delhi 110001
- India
- Organic Chemistry Section
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division
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26
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Liu Y, Wang T, Calabrese AN, Carver JA, Cummins SF, Bowie JH. The membrane-active amphibian peptide caerin 1.8 inhibits fibril formation of amyloid β1-42. Peptides 2015; 73:1-6. [PMID: 26275335 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2015.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Revised: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The amphibian host-defense peptide caerin 1.8 [(1)GLFKVLGSV(10)AKHLLPHVVP(20)VIAEKL(NH2)] inhibits fibril formation of amyloid β 1-42 [(1)DAEFRHDSG(10)YEVHHQKLVF(20)FAEDVGSNKG(30)AIIGLMVGGV(40)VIA] [Aβ42] (the major precursor of the extracellular fibrillar deposits of Alzheimer's disease). Some truncated forms of caerin 1.8 also inhibit fibril formation of Aβ42. For example, caerin 1.8 (1-13) [(1)GLFKVLGSV(10)AKHL(NH2) and caerin 1.8 (22-25) [KVLGSV(10)AKHLLPHVVP(20)VIAEKL(NH2)] show 85% and 75% respectively of the inhibition activity of the parent caerin 1.8. The synthetic peptide KLVFFKKKKKK is a known inhibitor of Aβ42 fibril formation, and was used as a standard in this study. Caerin 1.8 is the more effective fibril inhibitor. IC50 values (± 15%) are caerin 1.8 (75 μM) and KLVFFKKKKKK (370 μM). MALDI mass spectrometry shows the presence of a small peak corresponding to a protonated 1:1 adduct [caerin 1.8/Aβ42]H(+). Molecular dynamics simulation suggests that both hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions between Aβ42 and caerin 1.8 facilitate the formation of a 1:1 complex in water. Fibril formation from Aβ42 has been proposed to be based around the (16)KLVF(20)F region of Aβ42; this region in the 1:1 complex is partially blocked from attachment of a further molecule of Aβ42.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqin Liu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Tianfang Wang
- Genecology Research Centre, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, Queensland 4558, Australia
| | - Antonio N Calabrese
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - John A Carver
- Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Chemistry, 2601, Australia
| | - Scott F Cummins
- Genecology Research Centre, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, Queensland 4558, Australia
| | - John H Bowie
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia.
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27
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Di Carlo MG, Minicozzi V, Foderà V, Militello V, Vetri V, Morante S, Leone M. Thioflavin T templates amyloid β(1–40) conformation and aggregation pathway. Biophys Chem 2015; 206:1-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2015.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Revised: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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28
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Yarnall AJ, Lashley T, Ling H, Lees AJ, Coleman SY, O'Sullivan SS, Compta Y, Revesz T, Burn DJ. Apomorphine: A potential modifier of amyloid deposition in Parkinson's disease? Mov Disord 2015; 31:668-75. [PMID: 27156393 DOI: 10.1002/mds.26422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2015] [Revised: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Evidence from clinical and pathological studies suggests a role for both alpha-synuclein and amyloid-beta in the pathophysiology of dementia associated with PD. Recent work demonstrated improvement in memory and reduced amyloid-beta burden in transgenic murine Alzheimer's models given subcutaneous apomorphine. The aim of this work was to determine whether antemortem exposure to apomorphine was associated with lower levels of amyloid-beta in brain tissue in a clinicopathological study of PD. METHODS The case notes of donors with pathologically proven PD who had (n = 36) and had not received apomorphine (n = 35) during life for motor complications were reviewed to determine presence or absence of cognitive impairment. The four groups were well matched for disease duration, age at death, sex, and apolipoprotein E4 genotype. The severity of amyloid-beta mature/diffuse plaque load, tau pathology, and alpha-synuclein pathology were all established. Cerebral amyloid angiopathy was determined based on a four-tier grading system. RESULTS Within the cognitively normal cases, significantly reduced amyloid-beta deposition was present in those with antemortem apomorphine exposure; this finding was not replicated in those with cognitive impairment plus previous apomorphine use. In the apomorphine cognitively normal group only, a significant negative association was observed between maximum apomorphine dose received and amyloid-beta burden. Early and maximum doses of apomorphine plus apolipoprotein genotype and sex were significant predictors of total plaque load in an explanatory model. CONCLUSION This exploratory study suggests that apomorphine may have a modifying effect on amyloid deposition in nondemented PD cases and thus may represent a potential therapy to reduce cognitive impairment in PD. © 2015 Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison J Yarnall
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Tammaryn Lashley
- The Queen Square Brain Bank for Neurological Disorders, Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Helen Ling
- Reta Lila Weston Institute of Neurological Studies, University College London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew J Lees
- The Queen Square Brain Bank for Neurological Disorders, Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.,Reta Lila Weston Institute of Neurological Studies, University College London, United Kingdom
| | - Shirley Y Coleman
- Industrial Statistics Research Unit, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | | | - Yaroslau Compta
- Parkinson Disease and Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, IDIBAPS, CIBERNED, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Tamas Revesz
- The Queen Square Brain Bank for Neurological Disorders, Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - David J Burn
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom
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29
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Mok YF, Howlett GJ, Griffin MDW. Sedimentation Velocity Analysis of the Size Distribution of Amyloid Oligomers and Fibrils. Methods Enzymol 2015; 562:241-56. [PMID: 26412655 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2015.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Amyloid fibrils result from the self-assembly of proteins into large aggregates with fibrillar morphology and common structural features. These fibrils form the major component of amyloid plaques that are associated with a number of common and debilitating diseases, including Alzheimer's disease. While a range of unrelated proteins and peptides are known to form amyloid fibrils, a common feature is the formation of aggregates of various sizes, including mature fibrils of differing length and/or structural morphology, small oligomeric precursors, and other less well-understood forms such as amorphous aggregates. These various species can possess distinct biochemical, biophysical, and pathological properties. Sedimentation velocity analysis can characterize amyloid fibril formation in exceptional detail, providing a particularly useful method for resolving the complex heterogeneity present in amyloid systems. In this chapter, we describe analytical methods for accurate quantification of both total amyloid fibril formation and the formation of distinct amyloid structures based on differential sedimentation properties. We also detail modern analytical ultracentrifugation methods to determine the size distribution of amyloid aggregates. We illustrate examples of the use of these techniques to provide biophysical and structural information on amyloid systems that would otherwise be difficult to obtain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yee-Foong Mok
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Geoffrey J Howlett
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Michael D W Griffin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
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30
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Inhibition of amyloid fibril formation and cytotoxicity by a chemical analog of Curcumin as a stable inhibitor. Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 78:396-404. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.04.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Revised: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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31
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Zhang Y, Yang HQ, Fang F, Song LL, Jiao YY, Wang H, Peng XL, Zheng YP, Wang J, He JS, Hung T. Single chain variable fragment against aβ expressed in baculovirus inhibits abeta fibril elongation and promotes its disaggregation. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0124736. [PMID: 25919299 PMCID: PMC4412524 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0124736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of age-related dementia, and the most urgent problem is that it is currently incurable. Amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide is believed to play a major role in the pathogenesis of AD. We previously reported that an Aβ N-terminal amino acid targeting monoclonal antibody (MAb), A8, inhibits Aβ fibril formation and has potential as an immunotherapy for AD based on a mouse model. To further study the underlying mechanisms, we tested our hypothesis that the single chain fragment variable (scFv) without the Fc fragment is capable of regulating either Aβ aggregation or disaggregation in vitro. Here, a model of cell-free Aβ “on-pathway” aggregation was established and identified using PCR, Western blot, ELISA, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and thioflavin T (ThT) binding analyses. His-tagged A8 scFvs was cloned and solubly expressed in baculovirus. Our data demonstrated that the Ni-NTA agarose affinity-purified A8 scFv inhibited the forward reaction of “on-pathway” aggregation and Aβ fibril maturation. The effect of A8 scFv on Aβ fibrillogenesis was markedly more significant when administered at the start of the Aβ folding reaction. Furthermore, the results also showed that pre-formed Aβ fibrils could be disaggregated via incubation with purified A8 scFv, which suggested that A8 scFv is involved in the reverse reaction of Aβ aggregation. Therefore, A8 scFv was capable of both inhibiting fibrillogenesis and disaggregating matured fibrils. Our present study provides valuable insight into the regulators of ultrastructural dynamics of cell-free “on-pathway” Aβ aggregation and will assist in the development of therapeutic strategies for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Hai-Qiang Yang
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Fang
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China
| | - Lin-Lin Song
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China
| | - Yue-Ying Jiao
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China
| | - He Wang
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang-Lei Peng
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan-Peng Zheng
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Wang
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China
| | - Jin-Sheng He
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Hung
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China
- Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing, China
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Bobylev AG, Bobyleva LG, Vikhlyantsev IM, Ulanova AD, Salmov NN, Podlubnaya ZA. Comparative studies of amyloid properties of muscles proteins and brain Aβ-peptides and identification of approaches to destruction of their amyloids in vitro. Biophysics (Nagoya-shi) 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006350913060055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Discovery of dihydrochalcone as potential lead for Alzheimer's disease: in silico and in vitro study. PLoS One 2013; 8:e79151. [PMID: 24260164 PMCID: PMC3832475 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0079151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2013] [Accepted: 09/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
By the virtual screening method we have screened out Dihydrochalcone as a top-lead for the Alzheimer’s disease using the database of about 32364 natural compounds. The binding affinity of this ligand to amyloid beta (A) fibril has been thoroughly studied by computer simulation and experiment. Using the Thioflavin T (ThT) assay we have obtained the inhibition constant IC50 M. This result is in good agreement with the estimation of the binding free energy obtained by the molecular mechanic-Poisson Boltzmann surface area method and all-atom simulation with the force field CHARMM 27 and water model TIP3P. Cell viability assays indicated that Dihydrochalcone could effectively reduce the cytotoxicity induced by A. Thus, both in silico and in vitro studies show that Dihydrochalcone is a potential drug for the Alzheimers disease.
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Ojha B, Liu H, Dutta S, Rao PPN, Wojcikiewicz EP, Du D. Poly(4-styrenesulfonate) as an Inhibitor of Aβ40 Amyloid Fibril Formation. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:13975-84. [DOI: 10.1021/jp4065467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Praveen P. N. Rao
- School
of Pharmacy, Health Sciences Campus, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
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Appleby BS, Nacopoulos D, Milano N, Zhong K, Cummings JL. A review: treatment of Alzheimer's disease discovered in repurposed agents. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 2013; 35:1-22. [PMID: 23307039 DOI: 10.1159/000345791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Many compounds that have already been approved for alternate diagnoses have been studied in relation to Alzheimer's disease (AD). The purpose of this review is to summarize these studies and discuss the rationale and benefits of repurposing drugs for AD treatment. METHODS Studies of drugs related to AD treatment that were relevant to a disease-modifying mechanism of action (MOA) and are already approved by the Food and Drug Administration for non-AD diagnoses were collected from PubMed. RESULTS Many drugs already approved for the treatment of other diseases have been studied in relation to AD treatment. Numerous drugs with known toxicity profiles have the potential to be repurposed as a treatment for AD. CONCLUSION Known MOA, toxicology, and pharmacodynamic profiles would accelerate the process and increase the odds of finding a more timely disease-modifying treatment for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian S Appleby
- Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Cleveland, OH, USA
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36
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Jang H, Connelly L, Arce FT, Ramachandran S, Lal R, Kagan BL, Nussinov R. Alzheimer's disease: which type of amyloid-preventing drug agents to employ? Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:8868-77. [PMID: 23450150 PMCID: PMC3663909 DOI: 10.1039/c3cp00017f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The current paradigm in the amyloid hypothesis brands small β-amyloid (Aβ) oligomers as the toxic species in Alzheimer's disease (AD). These oligomers are fibril-like; contain β-sheet structure, and present exposed hydrophobic surface. Oligomers with this motif are capable of penetrating the cell membrane, gathering to form toxic ion channels. Current agents suppressing precursor Aβ cleavage have only met partial success; and to date, those targeting the peptides and their assemblies in the aqueous environment of the extracellular space largely fail in clinical trials. One possible reason is failure to reach membrane-embedded targets of disease-'infected' cells. Here we provide an overview, point to the need to account for the lipid environment when aiming to prevent the formation of toxic channels, and propose a combination therapy to target the species spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunbum Jang
- Center for Cancer Research, Nanobiology Program, Basic Science Program, SAIC-Frederick, Inc., National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, USA
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37
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The many faces of α-synuclein: from structure and toxicity to therapeutic target. Nat Rev Neurosci 2013; 14:38-48. [PMID: 23254192 DOI: 10.1038/nrn3406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1146] [Impact Index Per Article: 104.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Disorders characterized by α-synuclein (α-syn) accumulation, Lewy body formation and parkinsonism (and in some cases dementia) are collectively known as Lewy body diseases. The molecular mechanism (or mechanisms) through which α-syn abnormally accumulates and contributes to neurodegeneration in these disorders remains unknown. Here, we provide an overview of current knowledge and prevailing hypotheses regarding the conformational, oligomerization and aggregation states of α-syn and their role in regulating α-syn function in health and disease. Understanding the nature of the various α-syn structures, how they are formed and their relative contributions to α-syn-mediated toxicity may inform future studies aiming to develop therapeutic prevention and intervention.
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38
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Huy PDQ, Yu YC, Ngo ST, Thao TV, Chen CP, Li MS, Chen YC. In silico and in vitro characterization of anti-amyloidogenic activity of vitamin K3 analogues for Alzheimer's disease. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2013; 1830:2960-9. [PMID: 23295971 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2012.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2012] [Revised: 12/19/2012] [Accepted: 12/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aggregation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) has been proposed as the main cause of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Vitamin K deficiency has been linked to the pathogenesis of AD. Therefore, 15 synthesized vitamin K3 (VK3) analogues were studied for their anti-amyloidogenic activity. METHODS Biological and spectroscopic assays were used to characterize the effect of VK3 analogues on amyloidogenic properties of Aβ, such as aggregation, free radical formation, and cell viability. Molecular dynamics simulation was used to calculate the binding affinity and mode of VK3 analogue binding to Aβ. RESULTS Both numerical and experimental results showed that several VK3 analogues, including VK3-6, VK3-8, VK3-9, VK3-10, and VK3-224 could effectively inhibit Aβ aggregation and conformational conversion. The calculated inhibition constants were in the μM range for VK3-10, VK3-6, and VK3-9 which was similar to the IC50 of curcumin. Cell viability assays indicated that VK3-9 could effectively reduce free radicals and had a protective effect on cytotoxicity induced by Aβ. CONCLUSIONS The results clearly demonstrated that VK3 analogues could effectively inhibit Aβ aggregation and protect cells against Aβ induced toxicity. Modified VK3 analogues can possibly be developed as effective anti-amyloidogenic drugs for the treatment of AD. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE VK3 analogues effectively inhibit Aβ aggregation and are highly potent as anti-amyloidogenic drugs for therapeutic treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pham Dinh Quoc Huy
- Institute for Computational Science and Technology, 6 Quarter, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc District, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
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Schenk D, Basi GS, Pangalos MN. Treatment strategies targeting amyloid β-protein. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2012; 2:a006387. [PMID: 22951439 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a006387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
With the advent of the key discovery in the mid-1980s that the amyloid β-protein (Aβ) is the core constituent of the amyloid plaque pathology found in Alzheimer disease (AD), an intensive effort has been underway to attempt to mitigate its role in the hope of treating the disease. This effort fully matured when it was clarified that the Aβ is a normal product of cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein, and well-defined proteases for this process were identified. Further therapeutic options have been developed around the concept of anti-Aβ aggregation inhibitors and the surprising finding that immunization with Aβ itself leads to reduction of pathology in animal models of the disease. Here we review the progress in this field toward the goal of targeting Aβ for treatment and prevention of AD and identify some of the major challenges for the future of this area of medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dale Schenk
- Netotope Biosciences Inc., San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
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40
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Abstract
Dementias are a varied group of disorders typically associated with memory loss, impaired judgment and/or language and by symptoms affecting other cognitive and social abilities to a degree that interferes with daily functioning. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of a progressive dementia, followed by dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), (VaD) and HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). The pathogenesis of this group of disorders has been linked to the abnormal accumulation of proteins in the brains of affected individuals, which in turn has been related to deficits in protein clearance. Autophagy is a key cellular protein clearance pathway with proteolytic cleavage and degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway representing another important clearance mechanism. Alterations in the levels of autophagy and the proteins associated with the autophagocytic pathway have been reported in various types of dementias. This review will examine recent literature across these disorders and highlight a common theme of altered autophagy across the spectrum of the dementias.
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41
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Sukhanova A, Poly S, Shemetov A, Bronstein I, Nabiev I. Implications of protein structure instability: from physiological to pathological secondary structure. Biopolymers 2012; 97:577-88. [PMID: 22605549 DOI: 10.1002/bip.22055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Proteins are folded during their synthesis; this process may be spontaneous or assisted. Both phenomena are carefully regulated by the "housekeeping" mechanism and molecular chaperones to avoid the appearance of misfolded proteins. Unfolding process generally occurs during physiological degradation of protein, but in some specific cases it results from genetic or environmental changes and does not correspond to metabolic needs. The main outcome of these phenomena is the appearance of nonfunctional pathologically unfolded proteins with a strong tendency to aggregation. Moreover, for some of these unfolded proteins, the agglomeration that follows initial proteins association may give rise to highly structured soluble aggregates. These aggregates have been identified as the main cause of the so-called amyloidosis or amyloid diseases, such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Creutzfeldt-Jakob diseases, and type II diabetes mellitus. Although some common mechanisms of amyloid protein aggregation have been identified, the roles of the environmental conditions inducing amyloidosis remain to be clarified. In this review, we will summarize recent studies identifying the origin of amyloid nucleation and will try to predict the therapeutic prospects that may be opened by elucidation of the amyloidosis mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyona Sukhanova
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 8, Ireland.
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D'Amico M, Di Carlo MG, Groenning M, Militello V, Vetri V, Leone M. Thioflavin T Promotes Aβ(1-40) Amyloid Fibrils Formation. J Phys Chem Lett 2012; 3:1596-601. [PMID: 26285714 DOI: 10.1021/jz300412v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Fibrillogenesis of the small peptide Aβ(1-40) is considered to be the hallmark of Alzheimer's disease. Some evidence indicates small oligomers, rather than mature fibrils, as the key cytotoxic agents. The fluorescent dye Thioflavin T (ThT) is often used to detect amyloid deposits in both in vivo and in vitro experiments, and it is used to study kinetic measurements, under the fundamental hypothesis that this probe does not influence the aggregation processes. We report experimental data showing that ThT may promote the Aβ(1-40) peptide amyloid aggregation changing solvent-peptide interactions and stabilizing more ordered β-like conformation. This finding has a two-fold importance: It is a fundamental warning in all fibrillation experiments where ThT is used as fluorescent probe, and it suggests that ThT, accelerating fibril formation, could be used to reduce the presence of transient small oligomers, thus interfering with the pathogenic impact of Aβ peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele D'Amico
- †Dip. di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 36, I-90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Maria Giovanna Di Carlo
- †Dip. di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 36, I-90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Minna Groenning
- ‡Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Valeria Militello
- †Dip. di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 36, I-90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Valeria Vetri
- †Dip. di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 36, I-90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Maurizio Leone
- †Dip. di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 36, I-90123, Palermo, Italy
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Ribarič S. The pharmacological properties and therapeutic use of apomorphine. Molecules 2012; 17:5289-309. [PMID: 22565480 PMCID: PMC6268166 DOI: 10.3390/molecules17055289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2012] [Revised: 04/22/2012] [Accepted: 04/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Apomorphine (APO) is an aporphine derivative used in human and veterinary medicine. APO activates D1, D2S, D2L, D3, D4, and D5 receptors (and is thus classified as a non-selective dopamine agonist), serotonin receptors (5HT1A, 5HT2A, 5HT2B, and 5HT2C), and α-adrenergic receptors (α1B, α1D, α2A, α2B, and α2C). In veterinary medicine, APO is used to induce vomiting in dogs, an important early treatment for some common orally ingested poisons (e.g., anti-freeze or insecticides). In human medicine, it has been used in a variety of treatments ranging from the treatment of addiction (i.e., to heroin, alcohol or cigarettes), for treatment of erectile dysfunction in males and hypoactive sexual desire disorder in females to the treatment of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Currently, APO is used in patients with advanced PD, for the treatment of persistent and disabling motor fluctuations which do not respond to levodopa or other dopamine agonists, either on its own or in combination with deep brain stimulation. Recently, a new and potentially important therapeutic role for APO in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease has been suggested; APO seems to stimulate Aβ catabolism in an animal model and cell culture, thus reducing the rate of Aβ oligomerisation and consequent neural cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samo Ribarič
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Medical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Zaloška 4, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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44
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Butterfield S, Hejjaoui M, Fauvet B, Awad L, Lashuel HA. Chemical strategies for controlling protein folding and elucidating the molecular mechanisms of amyloid formation and toxicity. J Mol Biol 2012; 421:204-36. [PMID: 22342932 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2012.01.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2011] [Revised: 01/30/2012] [Accepted: 01/31/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
It has been more than a century since the first evidence linking the process of amyloid formation to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. During the last three decades in particular, increasing evidence from various sources (pathology, genetics, cell culture studies, biochemistry, and biophysics) continues to point to a central role for the pathogenesis of several incurable neurodegenerative and systemic diseases. This is in part driven by our improved understanding of the molecular mechanisms of protein misfolding and aggregation and the structural properties of the different aggregates in the amyloid pathway and the emergence of new tools and experimental approaches that permit better characterization of amyloid formation in vivo. Despite these advances, detailed mechanistic understanding of protein aggregation and amyloid formation in vitro and in vivo presents several challenges that remain to be addressed and several fundamental questions about the molecular and structural determinants of amyloid formation and toxicity and the mechanisms of amyloid-induced toxicity remain unanswered. To address this knowledge gap and technical challenges, there is a critical need for developing novel tools and experimental approaches that will not only permit the detection and monitoring of molecular events that underlie this process but also allow for the manipulation of these events in a spatial and temporal fashion both in and out of the cell. This review is primarily dedicated in highlighting recent results that illustrate how advances in chemistry and chemical biology have been and can be used to address some of the questions and technical challenges mentioned above. We believe that combining recent advances in the development of new fluorescent probes, imaging tools that enabled the visualization and tracking of molecular events with advances in organic synthesis, and novel approaches for protein synthesis and engineering provide unique opportunities to gain a molecular-level understanding of the process of amyloid formation. We hope that this review will stimulate further research in this area and catalyze increased collaboration at the interface of chemistry and biology to decipher the mechanisms and roles of protein folding, misfolding, and aggregation in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Butterfield
- Laboratory of Molecular and Chemical Biology of Neurodegeneration, Brain Mind Institute, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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Ohta H, Arai S, Akita K, Ohta T, Fukuda S. Effects of NK-4 in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. PLoS One 2012; 7:e30007. [PMID: 22238689 PMCID: PMC3251615 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0030007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2011] [Accepted: 12/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Beta-amyloid (Aβ) peptides are considered to play a major role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and molecules that can prevent pathways of Aβ toxicity may be potential therapeutic agents for treatment of AD. We have previously reported that NK-4, a cyanine photosensitizing dye, displays neurotrophic and antioxidant activities. In this study, we report the effects of NK-4 on the toxicity of Aβ and on cognitive function and Aβ concentration in a transgenic mouse model of AD (Tg2576). In vitro, NK-4 effectively protected neuronal cells from toxicity induced by Aβ. In addition, it displayed profound inhibitory activities on Aβ fibril formation. In vivo, Tg2576 mice received an intraperitoneal injection at 100 or 500 µg/kg of NK-4 once a day, five times a week for 9 months. Administration of NK-4 to the mice attenuated impairment of recognition memory, associative memory, and learning ability, as assessed by a novel object recognition test, a passive avoidance test, and a water maze test, respectively. NK-4 decreased the brain Aβ concentration while increasing the plasma amyloid level in a dose-dependent manner. NK-4 also improved memory impairments of ICR mice induced by direct intracerebroventricular administration of Aβ. These lines of evidence suggest that NK-4 may affect multiple pathways of amyloid pathogenesis and could be useful for treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitomi Ohta
- Research Center, Hayashibara Biochemical Laboratories, Inc., Okayama, Japan.
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46
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Alzheimer's Disease and the Amyloid β-Protein. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2012; 107:101-24. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-385883-2.00012-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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47
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Neddenriep B, Calciano A, Conti D, Sauve E, Paterson M, Bruno E, Moffet DA. Short Peptides as Inhibitors of Amyloid Aggregation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 5:39-46. [PMID: 24653784 PMCID: PMC3956661 DOI: 10.2174/1874070701105010039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The misfolding and aggregation of proteins into amyloid has been linked to a variety of age-related diseases. Aggregation of proteins, such as Aβ in Alzheimer’s disease and Islet Amyloid Polypeptide (IAPP, amylin) in type 2 diabetes, appears to lead to the formation of toxic assemblies. These assemblies range in size from small oligomers (2–8 proteins) to large fibrils (thousands of proteins). It remains unclear how these amyloidogenic proteins misfold and form toxic species, but growing evidence suggests that inhibiting the aggregation of these proteins could slow, if not prevent altogether, the progression of these diseases. We describe the use of small peptides (<43 amino acids) as inhibitors of amyloid-based aggregation. These peptides, often short complementary segments of the amyloid proteins, can be useful (i) for identifying the aggregation-prone regions of the amyloid proteins (ii) as models for drug discovery and (iii) as potential therapeutic agents themselves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley Neddenriep
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Loyola Marymount University 1 LMU Drive Los Angeles, CA 90045, USA
| | - Anastasia Calciano
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Loyola Marymount University 1 LMU Drive Los Angeles, CA 90045, USA
| | - Daniel Conti
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Loyola Marymount University 1 LMU Drive Los Angeles, CA 90045, USA
| | - Erin Sauve
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Loyola Marymount University 1 LMU Drive Los Angeles, CA 90045, USA
| | - Marissa Paterson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Loyola Marymount University 1 LMU Drive Los Angeles, CA 90045, USA
| | - Edward Bruno
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Loyola Marymount University 1 LMU Drive Los Angeles, CA 90045, USA
| | - David A Moffet
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Loyola Marymount University 1 LMU Drive Los Angeles, CA 90045, USA
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48
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Jeon YH, Lee JY, Kim S. Chemical modulators working at pharmacological interface of target proteins. Bioorg Med Chem 2011; 20:1893-901. [PMID: 22227462 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2011] [Revised: 11/30/2011] [Accepted: 12/08/2011] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
For last few decades, the active site cleft and substrate-binding site of enzymes as well as ligand-binding site of the receptors have served as the main pharmacological space for drug discovery. However, rapid accumulation of proteome and protein network analysis data has opened a new therapeutic space that is the interface between the interacting proteins. Due to the complexity of the interaction modes and the numbers of the participating components, it is still challenging to identify the chemicals that can accurately control the protein-protein interactions at desire. Nonetheless, the number of chemical drugs and candidates working at the interface of the interacting proteins are rapidly increasing. This review addresses the current case studies and state-of-the-arts in the development of small chemical modulators controlling the interactions of the proteins that have pathological implications in various human diseases such as cancer, immune disorders, neurodegenerative and infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Ho Jeon
- Korea University College of Pharmacy Sejong-ro, Jochiwon, Yeonggi-gun, Chungnam 339-700, Republic of Korea
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49
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Li H, Luo Y, Derreumaux P, Wei G. Carbon nanotube inhibits the formation of β-sheet-rich oligomers of the Alzheimer's amyloid-β(16-22) peptide. Biophys J 2011; 101:2267-76. [PMID: 22067167 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2011.09.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2011] [Revised: 09/21/2011] [Accepted: 09/29/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is associated with the abnormal self-assembly of the amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide into toxic β-rich aggregates. Experimental studies have shown that hydrophobic nanoparticles retard Aβ fibrillation by slowing down the nucleation process; however, the effects of nanoparticles on Aβ oligomeric structures remain elusive. In this study, we investigate the conformations of Aβ(16-22) octamers in the absence and presence of a single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) by performing extensive all-atom replica exchange molecular-dynamics simulations in explicit solvent. Our simulations starting from eight random chains demonstrate that the addition of SWCNT into Aβ(16-22) solution prevents β-sheet formation. Simulation starting from a prefibrillar β-sheet octamer shows that SWCNT destabilizes the β-sheet structure. A detailed analysis of the Aβ(16-22)/SWCNT/water interactions reveals that both the inhibition of β-sheet formation and the destabilization of prefibrillar β-sheets by SWCNT result from the same physical forces: hydrophobic and π-stacking interactions (with the latter playing a more important role). By analyzing the stacking patterns between the Phe aromatic rings and the SWCNT carbon rings, we find that short ring-centroid distances mostly favor parallel orientation, whereas large distances allow all other orientations to be populated. Overall, our computational study provides evidence that SWCNT is likely to inhibit Aβ(16-22) and full-length Aβ fibrillation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Effect of Phenolic Compounds Against Aβ Aggregation and Aβ-Induced Toxicity in Transgenic C. elegans. Neurochem Res 2011; 37:40-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-011-0580-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2011] [Revised: 08/05/2011] [Accepted: 08/09/2011] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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