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Klarić TS, Lauc G. The dynamic brain N-glycome. Glycoconj J 2022; 39:443-471. [PMID: 35334027 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-022-10055-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The attachment of carbohydrates to other macromolecules, such as proteins or lipids, is an important regulatory mechanism termed glycosylation. One subtype of protein glycosylation is asparagine-linked glycosylation (N-glycosylation) which plays a key role in the development and normal functioning of the vertebrate brain. To better understand the role of N-glycans in neurobiology, it's imperative we analyse not only the functional roles of individual structures, but also the collective impact of large-scale changes in the brain N-glycome. The systematic study of the brain N-glycome is still in its infancy and data are relatively scarce. Nevertheless, the prevailing view has been that the neuroglycome is inherently restricted with limited capacity for variation. The development of improved methods for N-glycomics analysis of brain tissue has facilitated comprehensive characterisation of the complete brain N-glycome under various experimental conditions on a larger scale. Consequently, accumulating data suggest that it's more dynamic than previously recognised and that, within a general framework, it has a given capacity to change in response to both intrinsic and extrinsic stimuli. Here, we provide an overview of the many factors that can alter the brain N-glycome, including neurodevelopment, ageing, diet, stress, neuroinflammation, injury, and disease. Given this emerging evidence, we propose that the neuroglycome has a hitherto underappreciated plasticity and we discuss the therapeutic implications of this regarding the possible reversal of pathological changes via interventions. We also briefly review the merits and limitations of N-glycomics as an analytical method before reflecting on some of the outstanding questions in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gordan Lauc
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Zagreb, Croatia.,Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
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2
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IL-17A secreted from lymphatic endothelial cells promotes tumorigenesis by upregulation of PD-L1 in hepatoma stem cells. J Hepatol 2019; 71:1206-1215. [PMID: 31499129 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2019.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The microenvironment regulates hepatoma stem cell behavior. However, the contributions of lymphatic endothelial cells to the hepatoma stem cell niche remain largely unknown; we aimed to analyze this contribution and elucidate the mechanisms behind it. METHODS Associations between lymphatic endothelial cells and CD133+ hepatoma stem cells were analyzed by immunofluorescence and adhesion assays; with the effects of their association on IL-17A expression examined using western blot, quantitative reverse transcription PCR and luciferase reporter assay. The effects of IL-17A on the self-renewal and tumorigenesis of hepatoma stem cells were examined using sphere and tumor formation assays. The role of IL-17A in immune escape by hepatoma stem cells was examined using flow cytometry. The expression of IL-17A in hepatoma tissues was examined using immunohistochemistry. RESULTS CD133+ hepatoma stem cells preferentially interact with lymphatic endothelial cells. The interaction between the mannose receptor and high-mannose type N-glycans mediates the interaction between CD133+ hepatoma stem cells and lymphatic endothelial cells. This interaction activates cytokine IL-17A expression in lymphatic endothelial cells. IL-17A promotes the self-renewal of hepatoma stem cells. It also promotes their immune escape, partly through upregulation of PD-L1. CONCLUSION Interactions between lymphatic endothelial cells and hepatoma stem cells promote the self-renewal and immune escape of hepatoma stem cells, by activating IL-17A signaling. Thus, inhibiting IL-17A signaling may be a promising approach for hepatoma treatment. LAY SUMMARY The microenvironment is crucial for the self-renewal and development of hepatoma stem cells, which lead to the development of liver cancer. Lymphatic endothelial cells are an important component of this niche microenvironment, helping hepatoma stem cells to self-renew and escape immune attack, by upregulating IL-17A signaling. Thus, targeting IL-17A signaling is a potential strategy for the treatment of hepatoma.
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Sun G, Cao Y, Dai X, Li M, Guo J. Hsc70 Interacts with β4GalT5 to Regulate the Growth of Gliomas. Neuromolecular Med 2019; 21:33-41. [PMID: 30607818 DOI: 10.1007/s12017-018-08520-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Heat shock cognate protein 70 (Hsc70) is a key mediator for the maintenance of intracellular proteins and regulates cellular activities. And it is elevated in various tumor tissues including glioma, which is closely related to the malignancy and poor prognosis of the tumors. However, the effects of Hsc70 on gliomas and its regulatory mechanism have not yet been elucidated. In the present study, we found that Hsc70 was overexpressed in glioma tissues and cultured glioma cells. Furthermore, Hsc70 expression exhibited positive correlation with the grades of gliomas. Knockdown of Hsc70 could effectively inhibit cell proliferation and increase cell apoptosis. Furthermore, we identified that β4GalT5 was a critical target for Hsc70-mediated anti-glioma effects. Blocking β4GalT5 activity could effectively reverse the anti-tumor effect of Hsc70. Taken together, these data indicate that Hsc70 regulates β4GalT5 levels, and possibly plays a role in cell proliferation and apoptosis of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yancheng City No. 1 People's Hospital, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Yancheng, 224001, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Cao
- Department of Ear-Nose-Throat, The Second People's Hospital of Huai'An, Huai'An Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueliang Dai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zoucheng Peoples' Hospital, Zoucheng, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jiangning Hospital Affiliated with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211100, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jun Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yancheng City No. 1 People's Hospital, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Yancheng, 224001, People's Republic of China.
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4
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Knight AK, Park HJ, Hausman DB, Fleming JM, Bland VL, Rosa G, Kennedy EM, Caudill MA, Malysheva O, Kauwell GPA, Sokolow A, Fisher S, Smith AK, Bailey LB. Association between one-carbon metabolism indices and DNA methylation status in maternal and cord blood. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16873. [PMID: 30442960 PMCID: PMC6237996 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-35111-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
One-carbon metabolism is essential for multiple cellular processes and can be assessed by the concentration of folate metabolites in the blood. One-carbon metabolites serve as methyl donors that are required for epigenetic regulation. Deficiencies in these metabolites are associated with a variety of poor health outcomes, including adverse pregnancy complications. DNA methylation is known to vary with one-carbon metabolite concentration, and therefore may modulate the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. This study addresses changes in one-carbon indices over pregnancy and the relationship between maternal and child DNA methylation and metabolite concentrations by leveraging data from 24 mother-infant dyads. Five of the 13 metabolites measured from maternal blood and methylation levels of 993 CpG sites changed over the course of pregnancy. In dyads, maternal and fetal one-carbon concentrations were highly correlated, both early in pregnancy and at delivery. The 993 CpG sites whose methylation levels changed over pregnancy in maternal blood were also investigated for associations with metabolite concentrations in infant blood at delivery, where five CpG sites were associated with the concentration of at least one metabolite. Identification of CpG sites that change over pregnancy may result in better characterization of genes and pathways involved in maintaining a healthy, term pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna K Knight
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Program, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Hea Jin Park
- Department of Foods and Nutrition, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Dorothy B Hausman
- Department of Foods and Nutrition, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Jennifer M Fleming
- Department of Foods and Nutrition, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Victoria L Bland
- Department of Foods and Nutrition, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Gisselle Rosa
- Department of Foods and Nutrition, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Kennedy
- Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Marie A Caudill
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Olga Malysheva
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Gail P A Kauwell
- Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Andrew Sokolow
- Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Susan Fisher
- Piedmont Athens Regional Midwifery, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Alicia K Smith
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Program, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA. .,Gynecology and Obstetrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Lynn B Bailey
- Department of Foods and Nutrition, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
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5
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Li SF, Zhu CS, Wang YM, Xie XX, Xiao LL, Zhang ZC, Tang QQ, Li X. Downregulation of β1,4-galactosyltransferase 5 improves insulin resistance by promoting adipocyte commitment and reducing inflammation. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:196. [PMID: 29415997 PMCID: PMC5833706 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-017-0239-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Protein glycosylation is an important post-translational modification. Aberrant glycosylation has been implicated in many diseases because of associated changes in protein distribution and biological function. We showed that the expression of β1, 4-galactosyltransferase 5 (B4GalT5) was positively correlated with diabetes and obesity. In vivo, B4GalT5 knockdown in subcutaneous adipose tissue alleviated insulin resistance and adipose tissue inflammation, and increased adipogenesis in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice and ob/ob mice. Downregulation of B4GalT5 in preadipocyte cells induced commitment to the adipocyte lineage in the absence of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) 2/4 treatment, which is typically essential for adipogenic commitment. RNAi silencing experiments showed B4GalT5 knockdown activated Smad and p38 MPAK signaling pathways through both type 1A and 2 BMP receptors. Remarkably, B4GalT5 knockdown decreased BMPRIA glycosylation but increased BMPRIA stability and cellular location, thus leading to redistribution of BMPRIA and activation of the BMP signaling pathway. Meanwhile, downregulation of B4GalT5 decreased the infiltration of macrophages and the markers of M1 macrophages in subcutaneous adipose tissue of HFD mice and ob/ob mice. In bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) and RAW264.7cells, B4GalT5 knockdown also repressed the markers of M1 by reducing NFκB and JNK signaling. These results demonstrated B4GalT5 downregulation improved insulin resistance by promoting adipogenic commitment and decreasing M1 macrophage infiltration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Fen Li
- Key Laboratory of Metabolic Molecular Medicine, the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, 200032, China.,State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics and Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Cui-Song Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Metabolic Molecular Medicine, the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yu-Meng Wang
- Biology Science Institutes, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400032, China
| | - Xin-Xin Xie
- Biology Science Institutes, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400032, China
| | - Liu-Ling Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Metabolic Molecular Medicine, the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zhi-Chun Zhang
- Biology Science Institutes, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400032, China
| | - Qi-Qun Tang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolic Molecular Medicine, the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xi Li
- Key Laboratory of Metabolic Molecular Medicine, the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Biology Science Institutes, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400032, China.
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6
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Clawson GA, Matters GL, Xin P, McGovern C, Wafula E, dePamphilis C, Meckley M, Wong J, Stewart L, D’Jamoos C, Altman N, Imamura Kawasawa Y, Du Z, Honaas L, Abraham T. "Stealth dissemination" of macrophage-tumor cell fusions cultured from blood of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0184451. [PMID: 28957348 PMCID: PMC5619717 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Here we describe isolation and characterization of macrophage-tumor cell fusions (MTFs) from the blood of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patients. The MTFs were generally aneuploidy, and immunophenotypic characterizations showed that the MTFs express markers characteristic of PDAC and stem cells, as well as M2-polarized macrophages. Single cell RNASeq analyses showed that the MTFs express many transcripts implicated in cancer progression, LINE1 retrotransposons, and very high levels of several long non-coding transcripts involved in metastasis (such as MALAT1). When cultured MTFs were transplanted orthotopically into mouse pancreas, they grew as obvious well-differentiated islands of cells, but they also disseminated widely throughout multiple tissues in "stealth" fashion. They were found distributed throughout multiple organs at 4, 8, or 12 weeks after transplantation (including liver, spleen, lung), occurring as single cells or small groups of cells, without formation of obvious tumors or any apparent progression over the 4 to 12 week period. We suggest that MTFs form continually during PDAC development, and that they disseminate early in cancer progression, forming "niches" at distant sites for subsequent colonization by metastasis-initiating cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary A. Clawson
- Gittlen Cancer Research Laboratories and the Department of Pathology, Hershey Medical Center (HMC), Pennsylvania State University (PSU), Hershey, PA, United States of America
| | - Gail L. Matters
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, HMC, PSU, Hershey, PA, United States of America
| | - Ping Xin
- Gittlen Cancer Research Laboratories and the Department of Pathology, Hershey Medical Center (HMC), Pennsylvania State University (PSU), Hershey, PA, United States of America
| | - Christopher McGovern
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, HMC, PSU, Hershey, PA, United States of America
| | - Eric Wafula
- Department of Biology, Eberly College, University Park (UP), Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
| | - Claude dePamphilis
- Department of Biology, Eberly College, University Park (UP), Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
| | - Morgan Meckley
- Gittlen Cancer Research Laboratories and the Department of Pathology, Hershey Medical Center (HMC), Pennsylvania State University (PSU), Hershey, PA, United States of America
| | - Joyce Wong
- Department of Surgery, HMC, PSU, Hershey, PA, United States of America
| | - Luke Stewart
- Applications Support, Fluidigm Corporation, South San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Christopher D’Jamoos
- Applications Support, Fluidigm Corporation, South San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Naomi Altman
- Department of Statistics, Eberly College, UP, PSU, University Park, PA, United States of America
| | - Yuka Imamura Kawasawa
- Department of Pharmacology and Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Institute for Personalized Medicine, HMC, PSU, Hershey, PA, United States of America
| | - Zhen Du
- Gittlen Cancer Research Laboratories and the Department of Pathology, Hershey Medical Center (HMC), Pennsylvania State University (PSU), Hershey, PA, United States of America
| | - Loren Honaas
- Department of Biology, Eberly College, University Park (UP), Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
| | - Thomas Abraham
- Department of Neural & Behavioral Sciences and Microscopy Imaging Facility, HMC, PSU, Hershey, PA, United States of America
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7
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Shen L, Dong XX, Wu JB, Qiu L, Duan QW, Luo ZG. Radiosensitisation of human glioma cells by inhibition of β1,6-GlcNAc branched N-glycans. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:4909-18. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4332-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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8
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Liu J, Shen L, Yang L, Hu S, Xu L, Wu S. High expression of β3GnT8 is associated with the metastatic potential of human glioma. Int J Mol Med 2014; 33:1459-68. [PMID: 24715095 PMCID: PMC4055349 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2014.1736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2013] [Accepted: 03/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes in glycosylation due to specific alterations of glycosyltransferase activity have been shown in various tumor cells, including human glioma cells. β1,3-N‑acetylglucosaminyltransferase-8 (β3GnT8) catalyzes the formation of polylactosamine on β1-6 branched N-glycans. Upregulated expression of β3GnT8 was described in some tumors, but its precise role in regulating glioma invasion and metastasis remains unclear. In this study, we report on an investigation of the expression of β3GnT8 in human glioma by immunohistochemical analysis. Out of 42 glioma tissues, 37 (88.1%) showed positive β3GnT8 expression, which was significantly higher than that in normal brain tissues (P<0.001). Additionally, the level of β3GnT8 increased with increased pathological grade of gliomas. Silencing of β3GnT8 in U251 glioma cells attenuated the formation of polylactosamine, and decreased cell proliferation, migration and metastatic ability in vitro and in vivo. By contrast, the overexpression of β3GnT8 in U251 cells exhibited enhanced metastatic potential. A positive correlation between β3GnT8 and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) expression in U251 cells was also observed. The results demonstrated a critical role of β3GnT8 in the metastatic potential of glioma cells, indicating that manipulating β3GnT8 expression may have therapeutic potential for the treatment of malignant glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
| | - Li Shen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
| | - Lingyan Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
| | - Shuijun Hu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
| | - Lan Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
| | - Shiliang Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
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9
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Shirane K, Kuji R, Tareyanagi C, Sato T, Kobayashi Y, Furukawa S, Murata T, Kubota S, Ishikawa Y, Segawa K, Furukawa K. Gene expression levels of 4-galactosyltransferase 5 correlate with the tumorigenic potentials of B16-F10 mouse melanoma cells. Glycobiology 2014; 24:532-41. [DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwu021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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10
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Wei Y, Zhou F, Ge Y, Chen H, Cui C, Liu D, Yang Z, Wu G, Shen J, Gu J, Jiang J. Regulation of the beta1,4-Galactosyltransferase I promoter by E2F1. J Biochem 2010; 148:263-71. [PMID: 20538716 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvq061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell surface carbohydrate chains are widely known to contribute to cell migration, recognition and proliferation. beta1,4-Galactosyltransferase I (beta1,4GalT I) transfers galactose to the terminal N-acetylglucosamine of complex-type N-glycan, and contributes to cell proliferation, differentiation and migration. Here, we identified beta1,4GalT I as a novel target gene of cell cycle regulator E2F1. E2F1 proteins interact with the promoter of the beta1,4GalT I gene in vivo, and E2F1 over-expression stimulates the activity of beta1,4GalT I promoter and the mRNA and protein expression of beta1,4GalT I, and augments the level of beta1, 4-galactosyltion. Site-specific mutagenesis revealed that this region which contains two E2F1 binding site (nt -215 to -207 and +1 to +6) is necessary for beta1,4GalT I activation by E2F1. Furthermore, down-regulation of beta1,4GalT I expression attenuates E2F1-induced DNA synthesis and cell cycle progression as well as the expression of cell-cycle regulator Cyclin D1. Thus, beta1,4GalT I is an important E2F1 target gene that is required for cell cycle progression in mammalian cells, which elicits a new mechanism of cell growth and a new mechanism of beta1,4GalT I transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyan Wei
- Key Laboratory of Glycoconjuates Research, Ministry of Public Health & Gene Research Center, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
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11
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Wei Y, Ge Y, Zhou F, Chen H, Cui C, Liu D, Yang Z, Wu G, Gu J, Jiang J. Identification and characterization of the promoter of human ATF5 gene. J Biochem 2010; 148:171-8. [DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvq047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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12
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Wei Y, Zhou F, Ge Y, Chen H, Cui C, Li Q, Liu D, Yang Z, Wu G, Sun S, Gu J, Jiang J. Beta1,4-galactosyltransferase V regulates self-renewal of glioma-initiating cell. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2010; 396:602-7. [PMID: 20417617 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.04.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2010] [Accepted: 04/19/2010] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Glioma results from unregulated expansion of a self-renewing glioma-initiating cell population. The regulatory pathways which are essential for sustaining the self-renewal of glioma-initiating cells remain largely unknown. Cell surface N-linked oligosaccharides play functional roles in determining cell fate and are associated with glioma malignancy. Previously, we have reported that beta1,4-galactosyltransferase V (beta1,4GalT V) effectively galactosylates the GlcNAcbeta1-->6Man arm of the highly branched N-glycans and positively regulates glioma cell growth. Here, we show that decreasing the expression of beta1,4GalT V by RNA interference in glioma cells attenuated the formation of polylactosamine and inhibited the ability of tumor formation in vivo. Down-regulation of beta1,4GalT V depleted CD133-positive cells in glioma xenograft, and inhibited the self-renewal capacity and the tumorigenic potential of glioma-initiating cells. These data reveal a critical role of beta1,4GalT V in the self-renewal and tumorigenicity of glioma-initiating cells, and indicate that manipulating beta1,4GalT V expression may have therapeutic potential for the treatment of malignant glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyan Wei
- Key Laboratory of Glycoconjuates Research, Ministry of Public Health & Gene Research Center, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
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13
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Tadokoro T, Ikekita M, Toda T, Ito H, Sato T, Nakatani R, Hamaguchi Y, Furukawa K. Involvement of Galectin-3 with vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 in growth regulation of mouse BALB/3T3 cells. J Biol Chem 2010; 284:35556-63. [PMID: 19858221 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.063339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
beta-Galactose residues on N-glycans have been implicated to be involved in growth regulation of cells. In the present study we compared the galactosylation of cell surface N-glycans of mouse Balb/3T3 cells between 30 and 100% densities and found the beta-1,4-galactosylation of N-glycans increases predominantly in a 100-kDa protein band on lectin blot analysis in combination with digestions by diplococcal beta-galactosidase and N-glycanase. When cells at 100% density were treated with jack bean beta-galactosidase, the incorporation of 5-bromodeoxyuridine into the cells was stimulated in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting the involvement of the galactose residues in growth regulation of cells. A galactose-binding protein was isolated from the plasma membranes of cells at 100% density by affinity chromatography using an asialo-transferrin-Sepharose column and found to be galectin-3 as revealed by mass spectrometric analysis. The addition of recombinant galectin-3 into cells at 50% density inhibited the incorporation of 5-bromodeoxyuridine in a dose-dependent manner, but the inhibition was prevented with haptenic sugar. An immunocytochemical study showed that galectin-3 is present at the surface of cells at 100% density but not at 30% density where it locates inside the cells. Several glycoproteins bind to a galectin-3-immobilized column, a major of which was identified as vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1. Immunocytochemical studies showed that some galectin-3 and VCAM-1 co-localize at the surface of cells at 100% density, indicating that the binding of galectin-3 secreted from cells to VCAM-1 is one of the pathways involved in the growth regulation of Balb/3T3 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomomi Tadokoro
- Laboratory of Glycobiology, Department of Bioengineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Kamitomioka 1603-1, Nagaoka 940-2188
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14
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Abstract
One of the most prominent transformation-associated changes in the sugar chains of glycoproteins is an increase in the large N-glycans of cell surface glycoprotein. beta1,4-galactosyltransferase V (beta1,4GalT V) could effectively galactosylate the GlcNAcbeta1-->6 branch which is a marker of glioma. The expression of beta1,4GalT V is increased in the process of glioma development. beta1,4GalT V regulates the invasion, growth in vivo and in vitro of glioma cells. Downregulation of beta1,4GalT V expression increases the sensitivity of malignant glioma cells to DNA damage drugs. Furthermore, beta1,4GalT V regulates Ras and AKT signaling involving in glioma behaviors. Meanwhile, Ras/MAPK and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways are involved in the transcription regulation of beta1,4GalT V gene. E1AF transcription factor, a downstream target of Ras/MAPK and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways, regulates the transcription of beta1,4GalT V in cooperation with Sp1 transcription factor. The contribution of beta1,4GalT V in glioma development is further confirmed in glioma-initiation cells. beta1,4GalT V regulates the self-renewal of glioma-initiation cells. We now present evidence that beta1,4GalT V functions as a positive growth regulator in glioma and might represent a novel target in glioma therapy.
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Wei Y, Liu D, Zhou F, Ge Y, Xu J, Yun X, Gu J, Jiang J. Identification of beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase I as a target gene of HBx-induced cell cycle progression of hepatoma cell. J Hepatol 2008; 49:1029-37. [PMID: 18929424 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2008.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2008] [Revised: 07/08/2008] [Accepted: 09/09/2008] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS The hepatitis B virus-encoded HBx protein contributes to hepatocarcinogenesis with largely unknown mechanisms. It is widely known that N-linked oligosaccharides on glycoproteins are structurally altered during malignant transformation and these alterations are often associated with malignant transformation of cells. beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase I (GalT I) contributes to the biosynthesis of Galbeta-->4GlcNAc structure in the outer chain moieties of N-glycans. METHODS The difference of GalT I expression between normal liver and hepatoma tissues were investigated; the effect of HBx on GalT I expression was investigated; the role of GalT I in hepatoma cell growth and HBx-induced hepatoma cell growth were investigated. RESULTS GalT I was highly expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma and transcriptionally up-regulated by HBx, and functioned as a positive growth regulator in hepatoma cells. Furthermore, decreasing the expression of GalT I in hepatoma cells reduced the ability of tumor formation in vivo and inhibited HBx-induced cell cycle progression. CONCLUSIONS HBx-induced GalT I expression might contribute to HBx-mediated HCC development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyan Wei
- Key Laboratory of Glycoconjuates Research, Ministry of Public Health, Gene Research Center Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
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Viola S, Consoli GML, Merlo S, Drago F, Sortino MA, Geraci C. Inhibition of rat glioma cell migration and proliferation by a calix[8]arene scaffold exposing multiple GlcNAc and ureido functionalities. J Neurochem 2008; 107:1047-55. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2008.05656.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Wei Y, Liu D, Ge Y, Zhou F, Xu J, Chen H, Gu J, Jiang J. Identification of E1AF as a target gene of E2F1-induced apoptosis in response to DNA damage. J Biochem 2008; 144:539-46. [PMID: 18687701 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvn098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcription factor E1AF plays critical roles in neuronal development and tumour metastasis and is regulated by a number of signalling cascades, including the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways. Accumulated evidence indicted that E1AF might contribute to cell survival in response to environment factors. Here, we provided evidence the cell cycle and apoptosis regulator E2F1 induces E1AF expression at the transcriptional level. DNA damage by etoposide causes E2F1-dependent induction of E1AF expression at transcriptional level. Furthermore, disruption of E1AF expression by E1AF RNAi decreased E2F1-induced apoptosis in response to etoposide. Thus, we conclude that activation of E1AF provides a means for E2F1 to induce cell apoptosis in response to DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyan Wei
- Key Laboratory of Glycoconjuates Research & Gene Research Center, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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18
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Wei Y, Liu D, Ge Y, Zhou F, Xu J, Chen H, Yun X, Gu J, Jiang J. Down-regulation of β1,4GalT V at protein level contributes to arsenic trioxide-induced glioma cell apoptosis. Cancer Lett 2008; 267:96-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2008.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2007] [Revised: 03/01/2008] [Accepted: 03/10/2008] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Liu D, Wei Y, Zhou F, Ge Y, Xu J, Chen H, Zhang W, Yun X, Jiang J. E1AF promotes mithramycin A-induced Huh-7 cell apoptosis depending on its DNA-binding domain. Arch Biochem Biophys 2008; 477:20-6. [PMID: 18510939 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2008.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2008] [Revised: 04/11/2008] [Accepted: 05/07/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Transcription factor E1AF is widely known to play critical roles in tumor metastasis via directly binding to the promoters of genes involved in tumor migration and invasion. Here, we reported for the first time the pro-apoptotic role of E1AF in tumor cells. The expression of E1AF at protein level was obviously increased during Huh-7 and Hep3B cells apoptosis induced by the anticancer agent mithramycin A. E1AF overexpression markedly enhanced mithramycin A-induced Huh-7 cell apoptosis and the expression of pro-apoptotic protein Bax depending on its DNA-binding domain. And, reduction of E1AF inhibited mithramycin A-induced Huh-7 cell apoptosis. Furthermore, reducing the expression of Bax significantly inhibited E1AF-increased Huh-7 cell apoptosis induced by mithramycin A. Taken together, E1AF increases mithramycin A-induced Huh-7 cells apoptosis and Bax expression depending on its DNA-binding domain, indicating that E1AF might contribute to the therapeutic efficiency of mithramycin A for hepatoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Ministry of Public Health & Gene Research Center, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Dongan Road 130, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
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Yang XS, Jia S, Zhang ZB, Yan Q. Construction and identification of human fucosyltransferase 4 eukaryotic fluorenscent expression vector. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2008; 16:1064-1068. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v16.i10.1064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To construct and identify the eukaryotic expression vector pEGFP-N1-FUT4 with en-hanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) gene.
METHODS: The full-length fucosyltransferase 4 (FUT4) cDNA was acquired by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and cloned into pEGFP-N1vector. The obtained pEGFP-N1-FUT4 was transiently transfected into cell line A431. Then the expression of FUT4 was observed under fluorescence microscope and examined by semi-quantitative RT-PCR and Western blotting.
RESULTS: The full-length human FUT4 cDNA was obtained and identified correct through sequencing and enzyme digestion. The recombinant plasmid pEGFP-N1-FUT4 was successfully constructed and FUT4 cDNA was correctly inserted into pEGFP-N1-FUT4. The expression of EGFP in A431 cells transfected with pEGFP-N1-FUT4 was observed by fluorescence microscopy. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR and Western blotting showed that FUT4 expression significantly increased after pEGFP-N1-FUT4 transfection in A431 cells in comparison with that in the controls.
CONCLUSION: The prokaryotic expression plasmid pEGFP-N1-FUT4 vector is successfully constructed, which could express FUT4 in A431 cells.
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Abstract
Transcription factor E1AF is widely known to play critical roles in tumor metastasis via directly binding to the promoters of genes involved in tumor migration and invasion. Here, we report for the first time E1AF as a novel binding partner for ubiquitously expressed Sp1 transcription factor. E1AF forms a complex with Sp1, contributes to Sp1 phosphorylation and transcriptional activity, and functions as a mediator between epidermal growth factor and Sp1 phosphorylation and activity. Sp1 functions as a carrier bringing E1AF to the promoter region, thus activating transcription of glioma-related gene for beta1,4-galactosyltransferase V (GalT V; EC 2.4.1.38). Biologically, E1AF functions as a positive invasion regulator in glioma in cooperation with Sp1 partly via up-regulation of GalT V. This report describes a new mechanism of glioma invasion involving a cooperative effort between E1AF and Sp1 transcription factors.
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22
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Sato T, Furukawa K. Sequential action of Ets-1 and Sp1 in the activation of the human beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase V gene involved in abnormal glycosylation characteristic of cancer cells. J Biol Chem 2007; 282:27702-12. [PMID: 17656364 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m611862200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant transformation is associated with increased gene expression of beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase (beta-1,4-GalT) V, which contributes to the biosynthesis of highly branched N-linked oligosaccharides characteristic of cancer cells. Our previous study showed that expression of the human beta-1,4-GalT V gene is regulated by Sp1 (Sato, T., and Furukawa, K. (2004) J. Biol. Chem. 279, 39574-39583), and a subsequent study showed that the gene expression is also activated by Ets-1, a product of the oncogene (Sato, T., and Furukawa, K. (2005) Glycoconj. J. 22, 365). Herein we report the mechanism of beta-1,4-GalT V gene activation by these transcription factors. The gene expression and promoter activity of beta-1,4-GalT V increased when the ets-1 cDNA was transfected into A549 cells, which contain a small amount of Ets-1, but decreased dramatically when the dominant-negative ets-1 cDNA was transfected into HepG2 cells, which contain a large amount of Ets-1. Luciferase assays using deletion constructs of the beta-1,4-GalT V gene promoter showed that promoter region -116 to +22 is critical for the transcriptional activation of the gene by Ets-1. Despite the presence of one Ets-1-binding site, which overlapped the Sp1-binding site, electrophoretic mobility shift assays showed that the region bound preferentially to Sp1 rather than to Ets-1. To solve this problem, we examined the transcriptional regulation of the human Sp1 gene by Ets-1 and found that the gene expression and promoter activity of Sp1 are regulated by Ets-1 in cancer cells. Functional analyses of two Ets-1-binding sites in the Sp1 gene promoter showed that only Ets-1-binding site -413 to -404 is involved in the activation of the gene by Ets-1. These results indicate that Ets-1 enhances expression of the beta-1,4-GalT V gene through activation of the Sp1 gene in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Sato
- Laboratory of Glycobiology, Department of Bioengineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Kamitomioka 1603-1, Nagaoka 940-2188, Japan.
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André S, Sanchez-Ruderisch H, Nakagawa H, Buchholz M, Kopitz J, Forberich P, Kemmner W, Böck C, Deguchi K, Detjen KM, Wiedenmann B, von Knebel Doeberitz M, Gress TM, Nishimura SI, Rosewicz S, Gabius HJ. Tumor suppressor p16INK4a--modulator of glycomic profile and galectin-1 expression to increase susceptibility to carbohydrate-dependent induction of anoikis in pancreatic carcinoma cells. FEBS J 2007; 274:3233-56. [PMID: 17535296 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2007.05851.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Expression of the tumor suppressor p16(INK4a) after stable transfection can restore the susceptibility of epithelial tumor cells to anoikis. This property is linked to increases in the expression and cell-surface presence of the fibronectin receptor. Considering its glycan chains as pivotal signals, we assumed an effect of p16(INK4a) on glycosylation. To test this hypothesis for human Capan-1 pancreatic carcinoma cells, we combined microarray for selected glycosyltransferase genes with 2D chromatographic glycan profiling and plant lectin binding. Major differences between p16-positive and control cells were detected. They concerned expression of beta1,4-galactosyltransferases (down-regulation of beta1,4-galactosyltransferases-I/V and up-regulation of beta1,4-galactosyltransferase-IV) as well as decreased alpha2,3-sialylation of O-glycans and alpha2,6-sialylation of N-glycans. The changes are compatible with increased beta(1)-integrin maturation, subunit assembly and binding activity of the alpha(5)beta(1)-integrin. Of further functional relevance in line with our hypothesis, we revealed differential reactivity towards endogenous lectins, especially galectin-1. As a result of reduced sialylation, the cells' capacity to bind galectin-1 was enhanced. In parallel, the level of transcription of the galectin-1 gene increased conspicuously in p16(INK4a)-positive cells, and even figured prominently in a microarray on 1996 tumor-associated genes and in proteomic analysis. The cells therefore gain optimal responsiveness. The correlation between genetically modulated galectin-1 levels and anoikis rates in engineered transfectants inferred functional significance. To connect these findings to the fibronectin receptor, galectin-1 was shown to be co-immunoprecipitated. We conclude that p16(INK4a) orchestrates distinct aspects of glycosylation that are relevant for integrin maturation and reactivity to an endogenous effector as well as the effector's expression. This mechanism establishes a new aspect of p16(INK4a) functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine André
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany.
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Yang X, Zhang Z, Jia S, Liu Y, Wang X, Yan Q. Overexpression of fucosyltransferase IV in A431 cell line increases cell proliferation. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2007; 39:1722-30. [PMID: 17556010 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2007.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2007] [Revised: 04/23/2007] [Accepted: 04/23/2007] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Fucosyltransferase IV is an essential enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of fucosylated oligosaccharides by transferring GDP-fucose to the terminal N-acetylglucosamine with the alpha1,3-linkage. Lewis Y oligosaccharide has a terminal alpha1,3-linked fucose residue and elevation of Lewis Y level is seen in many epithelial cancers. The mechanism of Lewis Y elevation in neoplastic cells is still largely unknown. To study the impact of fucosyltransferase IV on Lewis Y expression and its role on neoplastic cell proliferation, a pEGFP-N1-FUT4 recombinant plasmid was developed and stably transfected into A431 cells. We found that fucosyltransferase IV overexpression promoted cell proliferation and increased the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen that correlated with Lewis Y augmentation. Cell cycle analysis demonstrated that fucosyltransferase IV overexpression facilitated cell cycle progression. In conclusion, fucosyltransferase IV overexpression augments Lewis Y expression to trigger neoplastic cell proliferation. These studies suggest that fucosyltransferase IV may serve as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of Lewis Y-positive epithelial cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuesong Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, Dalian 116027, PR China
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Jiang J, Zhou J, Wei Y, Shen J, Liu D, Chen X, Zhang S, Kong X, Yun X, Gu J. beta4GalT-II increases cisplatin-induced apoptosis in HeLa cells depending on its Golgi localization. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2007; 358:41-6. [PMID: 17470362 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.04.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2007] [Accepted: 04/05/2007] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
beta1,4-Galactosyltransferase II (beta4GalT-II) is one of the enzymes transferring galactose to the terminal N-acetylglucosamine of complex-type N-glycans and its expression is significantly altered during oncogenesis with unknown functions. Here, we reported for the first time the pro-apoptotic role of beta4GalT-II in tumor cells. The level of beta4GalT-II mRNA expression was obviously decreased during HeLa cell apoptosis induced by cisplatin. Interestingly, the ectopic expression of beta4GalT-II in HeLa cells markedly increased apoptosis and cleavage of PARP induced by cisplatin as well as the expression of pro-apoptotic protein Bax. Furthermore, deletion of Golgi localization domain abolished the apoptotic role of beta4GalT-II in HeLa cells. Collectively, these results suggest that beta4GalT-II increases HeLa cell apoptosis induced by cisplatin depending on its Golgi localization, which indicates that beta4GalT-II might contribute to the therapeutic efficiency of cisplatin for cervix cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhai Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Glycoconjuates Research, Ministry of Public Health and State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Gene Research Center, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
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26
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Jiang J, Wei Y, Liu D, Zhou J, Shen J, Chen X, Zhang S, Kong X, Gu J. E1AF promotes breast cancer cell cycle progression via upregulation of Cyclin D3 transcription. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2007; 358:53-8. [PMID: 17467662 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2007] [Accepted: 04/10/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
E1AF transcription factor, a member of Ets family, is deregulated in many tumors and widely known to play critical roles in tumor metastasis via directly binding to the promoter of genes involved in tumor migration and invasion. Here, we found that E1AF overexpression promoted breast cancer cell cycle progression and growth in vivo as well as the transcription of cell cycle-related protein Cyclin D3. And, the interference of Cyclin D3 expression by transfecting with Cyclin D3 RNAi inhibited the positive role of E1AF in cell cycle progression. We further showed that decreasing the expression of E1AF by E1AF RNAi reduced Cyclin D3 transcription and expression, and inhibited cell cycle progression that was abrogated by Cyclin D3 overexpression. Taken together, E1AF increases cell cycle progression via upregulation of Cyclin D3 transcription, which elicits a new mechanism of breast cancer growth and a new mechanism of Cyclin D3 transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhai Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Ministry of Public Health and Gene Research Center, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
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27
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Jiang J, Shen J, Wu T, Wei Y, Chen X, Zong H, Zhang S, Sun M, Xie J, Kong X, Yang Y, Shen A, Wang H, Gu J. Down-regulation of beta1,4-galactosyltransferase V is a critical part of etoposide-induced apoptotic process and could be mediated by decreasing Sp1 levels in human glioma cells. Glycobiology 2006; 16:1045-51. [PMID: 16873896 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwl027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
beta1,4-Galactosyltransferase V (beta1,4GalT V; EC 2.4.1.38) is considered to be very important in glioma for expressing transformation-related highly branched N-glycans. Recently, we have characterized beta1,4GalT V as a positive growth regulator in several glioma cell lines. However, the role of beta1,4GalT V in glioma therapy has not been clearly reported. In this study, interfering with the expression of beta1,4GalT V by its antisense cDNA in SHG44 human glioma cells markedly promoted apoptosis induced by etoposide and the activation of caspases as well as processing of Bid and expression of Bax and Bak. Conversely, the ectopic expression of beta1,4GalT V attenuated the apoptotic effect of etoposide on SHG44 cells. In addition, both the beta1,4GalT V transcription and the binding of total or membrane glycoprotein with Ricinus communis agglutinin-I (RCA-I) were partially reduced in etoposide-treated SHG44 cells, correlated well with a decreased level of Sp1 that has been identified as an activator of beta1,4GalT V transcription. Collectively, our results suggest that the down-regulation of beta1,4GalT V expression plays an important role in etoposide-induced apoptosis and could be mediated by a decreasing level of Sp1 in SHG44 cells, indicating that inhibitors of beta1,4GalT V may enhance the therapeutic efficiency of etoposide for malignant glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhai Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, Ministry of Education and Health, Gene Research Center, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University (formerly Shanghai Medical University), Shanghai 200032, China
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Chen X, Jiang J, Yang J, Chen C, Sun M, Wei Y, Guang X, Gu J. Down-regulation of the expression of β1,4-galactosyltransferase V promotes integrin β1 maturation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2006; 343:910-6. [PMID: 16564504 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.03.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2006] [Accepted: 03/08/2006] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In previous study, we have shown that beta1,4-galactosyltransferase V (GalT V) functions as a positive growth regulator in glioma. Here, we reported that down-regulation of the expression of GalT V in SHG44 cells by transfection with antisense cDNA specifically up-regulated the expression of cell surface integrin beta1 without the change of its mRNA, and with integrin beta1 125 kDa mature form increased and 105 kDa precursor form decreased. It is well known that the N-glycans of integrins modulate the location and functions of integrins. The SHG44 cells transfected with antisense cDNA of GalT V demonstrated decreased Golgi localization of integrin beta1, strengthened the interaction between integrin alpha5 and beta1 subunit, and enhanced the adhesion ability to fibronectin and the level of focal adhesion kinase phosphorylation. Our results suggested that the down-regulation of the expression of GalT V could promote the expression of cell surface integrin beta1 and subsequently inhibit glioma malignant phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoning Chen
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology Ministry of Education and Health, Gene Research Center, Shanghai Medical College and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China
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