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Kaur D, Behl T, Chigurupati S, Sehgal A, Singh S, Sharma N, Badavath VN, Vargas-De-La-Cruz C, Bhatia S, Al-Harrasi A, Dey A, Aleya L, Bungau S. Deciphering the focal role of endostatin in Alzheimer's disease. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:61998-62011. [PMID: 34561808 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16567-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a paramount chronic neurodegenerative condition that has been affecting elderly people since the 1900s. It causes memory loss, disorientation, and poor mental function. AD is considered to be one of the most serious problems that dementia sufferers face. Despite extensive investigation, the pathological origin of Alzheimer's disease remains a mystery. The amyloid cascade theory and the vascular hypothesis, which stresses the buildup of Aβ plaques, have dominated research into dementia and aging throughout history. However, research into this task failed to yield the long-awaited therapeutic miracle lead for Alzheimer's disease. Perhaps a hypothetical fragility in the context of Alzheimer's disease was regarded as a state distinct from aging in general, as suggested by the angiogenesis hypothesis, which suggests that old age is one state associated with upregulation of angiogenic growth factors, resulting in decreased microcirculation throughout the body. There has also been evidence that by controlling or inhibiting the components involved in the sequence of events that cause angiogenesis, there is a visible progression in AD patients. In Alzheimer's disease, one such antiangiogenic drug is being used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dapinder Kaur
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Chandigarh, Punjab, India
| | - Tapan Behl
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Chandigarh, Punjab, India.
| | - Sridevi Chigurupati
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aayush Sehgal
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Chandigarh, Punjab, India
| | - Sukhbir Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Chandigarh, Punjab, India
| | - Neelam Sharma
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Chandigarh, Punjab, India
| | | | - Celia Vargas-De-La-Cruz
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Academic Department of Pharmacology, Bromatology and Toxicology, Centro Latinoamericano de Ensenanza e Investigacion en Bacteriologia Alimentaria, Universidad Nacinol Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
- E-Health Research Center, Universidad de Ciencias y Humanidades, Lima, Peru
| | - Saurabh Bhatia
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
- School of Health Science, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, India
| | - Lotfi Aleya
- Chrono-Environment Laboratory, UMR CNRS 6249, Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, Besançon, France
| | - Simona Bungau
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
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van Dam L, Dansen TB. Cross-talk between redox signalling and protein aggregation. Biochem Soc Trans 2020; 48:379-397. [PMID: 32311028 PMCID: PMC7200635 DOI: 10.1042/bst20190054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
It is well established that both an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS: i.e. O2•-, H2O2 and OH•), as well as protein aggregation, accompany ageing and proteinopathies such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease. However, it is far from clear whether there is a causal relation between the two. This review describes how protein aggregation can be affected both by redox signalling (downstream of H2O2), as well as by ROS-induced damage, and aims to give an overview of the current knowledge of how redox signalling affects protein aggregation and vice versa. Redox signalling has been shown to play roles in almost every step of protein aggregation and amyloid formation, from aggregation initiation to the rapid oligomerization of large amyloids, which tend to be less toxic than oligomeric prefibrillar aggregates. We explore the hypothesis that age-associated elevated ROS production could be part of a redox signalling-dependent-stress response in an attempt to curb protein aggregation and minimize toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loes van Dam
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Molecular Cancer Research, University Medical Center Utrecht, Universiteitsweg 100, 3584CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Tobias B. Dansen
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Molecular Cancer Research, University Medical Center Utrecht, Universiteitsweg 100, 3584CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Guo L, Xu B, Zhou D, Chang G, Fu Y, Liu L, Luo Y. Biophysical and biological characterization of PEGylated recombinant human endostatin. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2019; 46:920-927. [PMID: 31278773 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Recombinant human endostatin (MES), showing potent inhibition on angiogenesis and tumour growth, has great potential as a therapeutic agent for tumours. The aim of this study was to evaluate the biophysical and biological characterization of PEGylated recombinant human endostatin (M2 ES). Recombinant human endostatin was mono-PEGylated by conjugation with methoxy polyethylene glycol aldehyde (mPEG-ALD), and the modification site was identified by digested peptide mapping and matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight-mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). The purity was assessed by SDS-PAGE, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and capillary zone electrophoresis. The physicochemical property was analyzed through fluorescence spectroscopy, and circular dichroism. The bioactivity and anti-tumour efficacy of M2 ES were evaluated using an in vitro endothelial cell migration model and a null-mouse xenograft model of a prostatic cancer, respectively. M2 ES molecules contain a single 20 kDa mPEG-ALD molecule conjugated at the N-terminal portion of MES. The purity of M2 ES was greater than 98%. The physicochemical analysis demonstrated that PEGylation does not change the secondary and tertiary structure of MES. Notably, M2 ES retards endothelial cell migration and tumour growth when compared to control group. These biophysical and biological characterization study data contribute to the initiation of the ongoing clinical study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifang Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Benshan Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Daifu Zhou
- National Engineering Laboratory for Anti-tumour Protein Therapeutics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Guodong Chang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Anti-tumour Protein Therapeutics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Fu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Anti-tumour Protein Therapeutics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Protein Therapeutics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Lihong Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yongzhang Luo
- National Engineering Laboratory for Anti-tumour Protein Therapeutics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Protein Therapeutics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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4
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Heljasvaara R, Aikio M, Ruotsalainen H, Pihlajaniemi T. Collagen XVIII in tissue homeostasis and dysregulation - Lessons learned from model organisms and human patients. Matrix Biol 2016; 57-58:55-75. [PMID: 27746220 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Collagen XVIII is a ubiquitous basement membrane (BM) proteoglycan produced in three tissue-specific isoforms that differ in their N-terminal non-collagenous sequences, but share collagenous and C-terminal non-collagenous domains. The collagenous domain provides flexibility to the large collagen XVIII molecules on account of multiple interruptions in collagenous sequences. Each isoform has a complex multi-domain structure that endows it with an ability to perform various biological functions. The long isoform contains a frizzled-like (Fz) domain with Wnt-inhibiting activity and a unique domain of unknown function (DUF959), which is also present in the medium isoform. All three isoforms share an N-terminal laminin-G-like/thrombospondin-1 sequence whose specific functions still remain unconfirmed. The proteoglycan nature of the isoforms further increases the functional diversity of collagen XVIII. An anti-angiogenic domain termed endostatin resides in the C-terminus of collagen XVIII and is proteolytically cleaved from the parental molecule during the BM breakdown for example in the process of tumour progression. Recombinant endostatin can efficiently reduce tumour angiogenesis and growth in experimental models by inhibiting endothelial cell migration and proliferation or by inducing their death, but its efficacy against human cancers is still a subject of debate. Mutations in the COL18A1 gene result in Knobloch syndrome, a genetic disorder characterised mainly by severe eye defects and encephalocele and, occasionally, other symptoms. Studies with gene-modified mice have elucidated some aspects of this rare disease, highlighting in particular the importance of collagen XVIII in the development of the eye. Research with model organisms have also helped in determining other structural and biological functions of collagen XVIII, such as its requirement in the maintenance of BM integrity and its emerging roles in regulating cell survival, stem or progenitor cell maintenance and differentiation and inflammation. In this review, we summarise current knowledge on the properties and endogenous functions of collagen XVIII in normal situations and tissue dysregulation. When data is available, we discuss the functions of the distinct isoforms and their specific domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritva Heljasvaara
- Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, FIN-90014 Oulu, Finland; Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, N-5009 Bergen, Norway.
| | - Mari Aikio
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Heli Ruotsalainen
- Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, FIN-90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Taina Pihlajaniemi
- Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, FIN-90014 Oulu, Finland
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Zhi Z, Pengfei Z, Xiaoyi T, Genshan M. Adiponectin ameliorates angiotensin II-induced vascular endothelial damage. Cell Stress Chaperones 2014; 19:705-13. [PMID: 24523033 PMCID: PMC4147077 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-014-0498-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Revised: 01/11/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin is an adipocyte-specific adipocytokine that possesses anti-atherogenic and anti-diabetic properties. It has been shown to have a beneficial effect on the cardiovascular system, but it remains to be elucidated whether adiponectin has a therapeutic effect on vascular damage induced by the potential vasoactive substance angiotensin II (Ang II). In this study, the effects of adiponectin on Ang II-induced vascular endothelial damage were investigated. In cultured human umbilical vein endothelium cells, Ang II stimulation increased generation of ROS and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, both of which were clearly restored by administration of adiponectin. In addition, administration of adiponectin was found to increase cell viability and prevent apoptosis. Our results also demonstrate that the protective effects of adiponectin against Ang II-induced vascular endothelial damage are dependent on the binding of adiponectin to its cell surface receptor 1. Importantly, we found that adiponectin treatment modulates the apoptotic pathway by reducing the expression of LOX-1, up-regulating both cIAP-1 and the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax. Finally, our data displayed that the protective effects of adiponectin against Ang II cytotoxicity depend on AMPK activation mediated by the endosomal adaptor protein, adaptor protein with phosphotyrosine binding, pleckstrin homology domains, and leucine zipper motif.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuo Zhi
- />Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Dingjiaqiao Road No. 87, Nanjing, 210009 Jiangsu Province China
| | - Zuo Pengfei
- />Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Dingjiaqiao Road No. 87, Nanjing, 210009 Jiangsu Province China
| | - Tian Xiaoyi
- />Department of Cardiology, Huai’an Municipal First People’s Hospital, Huai’an, 223400 Jiangsu Province China
| | - Ma Genshan
- />Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Dingjiaqiao Road No. 87, Nanjing, 210009 Jiangsu Province China
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6
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Ma Y, Shi Y, Li W, Sun A, Zang P, Zhang P. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate regulates the expression of Kruppel-like factor 4 through myocyte enhancer factor 2A. Cell Stress Chaperones 2014; 19:217-26. [PMID: 23884787 PMCID: PMC3933619 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-013-0447-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2013] [Revised: 07/04/2013] [Accepted: 07/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a powerful antioxidant and free ion scavenger found in green tea, exhibits inhibitory effects on different stages of tumorigenesis. Within gastric cancer cells, the transcription factor Kruppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) is downregulated, and it is possible that EGCG exerts its anti-tumorigenic function through modulation of KLF4 expression. In order to examine the effects of EGCG on KLF4 in a gastric tumor model, we treated the gastric cancer cell line NCI-N87 with EGCG. We found that EGCG treatment results in increased expression of KLF4 and alters expression of the KLF4 target genes p21, CDK4, and cyclin D1. EGCG inhibits the growth of NCI-N87 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner through arresting the cell cycle in the G0/G1 phase. Furthermore, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling assay and 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole staining revealed that EGCG is able to promote apoptosis of NCI-N87 cells. The suppressive effects of EGCG on cell growth and cell cycle protein expression are eliminated by decreasing KLF4 mRNA using siRNA and are magnified by overexpressing KLF4. Using KLF4 reporter constructs, we verified that the elevated expression induced by EGCG was mediated by increasing levels of activated MEF2A, which bound to the promoter region of KLF4. Taken together, this is the first time that EGCG is reported to increase the expression of KLF4, suggesting a novel mechanisms in gastric cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwen Ma
- />Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of WeiFang Medical University, No. 465 Yuhe Road, Kuiwen District, Weifang City, Shandong 261031 People’s Republic of China
| | - Youkui Shi
- />Department of Emergency Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of WeiFang Medical University, No. 465 Yuhe Road, Kuiwen District, Weifang City, Shandong 261031 People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenmei Li
- />Department of Colorectal Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of WeiFang Medical University, No. 465 Yuhe Road, Kuiwen District, Weifang City, Shandong 261031 People’s Republic of China
| | - Aijuan Sun
- />Department of Anesthesia, Qingdao Orthopaedics and Traumatology Hospital, No. 122 Taidong San Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266021 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ping Zang
- />Department of Nursing, the Affiliated Hospital of WeiFang Medical University, No. 465 Yuhe Road, Kuiwen District, Weifang City, Shandong 261031 People’s Republic of China
| | - Peirong Zhang
- />Department of Critical Care Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of WeiFang Medical University, No. 465 Yuhe Road, Kuiwen District, Weifang City, Shandong 261031 People’s Republic of China
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7
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Fengycin inhibits the growth of the human lung cancer cell line 95D through reactive oxygen species production and mitochondria-dependent apoptosis. Anticancer Drugs 2013; 24:587-98. [PMID: 23552471 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0b013e3283611395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the antitumor activity and action mechanism of fengycin using the human lung cancer cell line 95D. The antitumor activity of fengycin was tested in vitro and in vivo. Reactive oxygen species production, Ca(2+) uptake, and mitochondrial membrane potential loss induced by fengycin in 95D cells were measured by flow cytometry and a laser confocal microscope. Lactate dehydrogenase release and caspase activity in fengycin-treated 95D cells were assayed using cytotoxicity detection kits. Apoptosis triggered by fengycin was identified by 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining and flow cytometry. The effects of fengycin on cell-cycle and apoptosis-related proteins were evaluated by quantitative reverse-transcription PCR and western blot. Treatment with fengycin not only significantly decreased cell proliferation in various cancer cell lines including 95D but inhibited the growth of xenografted 95D cells in nude mice. Fengycin also induced reactive oxygen species production and Ca(2+) uptake, as well as lactate dehydrogenase release and mitochondrial membrane potential loss. Further experiments showed that fengycin could trigger apoptosis in 95D cells and cause cell-cycle arrest at the G0/G1 stage by downregulating cyclin D1 and cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4). While investigating caspase activity and the expression of apoptosis-related proteins, fengycin was found to induce apoptosis in 95D cells through the mitochondrial pathway, evidenced by increased caspase activity, Bax expression, and cytochrome c release into the cytoplasm, as well as decreased Bcl-2 levels. Fengycin can inhibit the growth of the cancer cell line 95D by regulating the cell cycle and promoting apoptosis, suggesting that it may have potential as an anticancer treatment.
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8
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Magnesium Lithospermate B Protects Neurons from N-Methyl-d-Aspartic Acid Injury and Attenuates Kainic Acid-Induced Neurodegeration in FVB Mice. J Mol Neurosci 2013; 51:550-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s12031-013-0023-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2013] [Accepted: 04/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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9
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An analysis of the factors that affect the dissociation of inclusion bodies and the refolding of endostatin under high pressure. Process Biochem 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2012.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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10
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Chen J, Wang X, Yi X, Wang Y, Liu Q, Ge R. Induction of KLF4 contributes to the neurotoxicity of MPP + in M17 cells: a new implication in Parkinson's disease. J Mol Neurosci 2013; 51:109-17. [PMID: 23370975 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-013-9961-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2012] [Accepted: 01/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease in humans. The effect of Krüppel-like factor (KLF) 4 in PD is unknown. In this study, KLF4 was found to be increased in both a time-dependent manner and a dose-dependent manner in response to the incubation with 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) in human dopamine neuroblastoma M17 cells, suggesting a potential role in MPP + -induced neurotoxicity. Following experiments showed that overexpression of KLF4 in M17 cells promoted MPP + -induced oxidative stress, embodied by exacerbated reactive oxygen species, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, and protein carbonyls. Furthermore, overexpression of KLF4 slowed cell proliferation and promoted lactate dehydrogenase release. Conversely, inhibition of KLF4 in M17 cells attenuated MPP + -induced neurotoxicity. The expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD) 1 in both mRNA and protein levels was found to be decreased by overexpressing KLF4, while increased by knockdown of KLF4. Moreover, promoter luciferase experiments showed that transcriptional activity on SOD1 was inhibited by KLF4. All the results indicated that KLF4 promoted the neurotoxicity of MPP + via inhibiting the transcription of SOD1, suggesting a potential mechanism of increased oxidative stress and cell death in Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbo Chen
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College, No. 661, the 2nd Yellow River Road, Binzhou City, Shandong Province, 256603, China
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Khan MS, Al-Senaidy AM, Priyadarshini M, Shah A, Bano B. Different Conformation of Thiol Protease Inhibitor During Amyloid Formation: Inhibition by Curcumin and Quercetin. J Fluoresc 2013; 23:451-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s10895-013-1158-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2012] [Accepted: 01/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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12
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Pan LQ, Xie ZM, Tang XJ, Wu M, Wang FR, Naranmandura H, Chen SQ. Engineering and refolding of a novel trimeric fusion protein TRAIL-collagen XVIII NC1. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2012. [PMID: 23208613 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-012-4604-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is considered to be a promising anticancer agent because its active form TRAIL trimer is able to induce apoptosis in different tumor cell lines while sparing normal cells. However, TRAIL trimer possesses a short half-life and low stability, which turns out to be a major obstacle for the development of clinical trials. In our present study, we constructed a recombined TRAIL trimer by genetic fusion of non-collagenous domain (NC1) of human collagen XVIII or its trimerization domain (TD) to C-terminus of TRAIL via a flexible linker, and then refolded the fusion proteins using a two-step refolding approach, namely a combination of dilution and gel filtration chromatography. As a result, both recombinant proteins, TRAIL-NC1 and TRAIL-TD, were expressed in Escherichia coli as inclusion bodies, and they exhibited difficultly to refold efficiently by conventional methods. Thereby, we applied a modified two-step refolding approach to refold fusion proteins. More than 55 % of TRAIL-NC1 and 90 % of TRAIL-TD protein activity was recovered during the two-step refolding approach, and their stability was also increased significantly. Also, size exclusion chromatography showed refolded TRAIL-NC1 was a trimer while TRAIL-TD, hexamer. However, both of them exerted good apoptosis activity on NCI-H460 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Qiang Pan
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biochemical Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Priyadarshini M, Bano B. Conformational changes during amyloid fibril formation of pancreatic thiol proteinase inhibitor: effect of copper and zinc. Mol Biol Rep 2011; 39:2945-55. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-011-1056-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2010] [Accepted: 06/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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14
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Al Ahmad A, Lee B, Stack J, Parham C, Campbell J, Clarke D, Fertala A, Bix GJ. Endostatin binds nerve growth factor and thereby inhibits neurite outgrowth and neuronal migration in-vitro. Brain Res 2010; 1360:28-39. [PMID: 20846515 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2010.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2010] [Revised: 08/27/2010] [Accepted: 09/05/2010] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Endostatin (ES), the C-terminal fragment of collagen XVIII known for its anti-angiogenic properties, is associated with neurological diseases in mammals. In this study, we investigated the effect of ES on nerve growth factor (NGF)-induced neuronal differentiation, migration, neuritogenesis, and neurite extension. ES partially inhibited PC12 cell differentiation and cerebellar granule cell migration. In addition, neurite outgrowth was inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner. This effect was also matrix-dependent, as we observed better inhibition on PC12 cells grown on collagen compared to laminin matrices. Furthermore, we observed partial NGF depletion by collagen and ES, but not by laminin suggesting that NGF-matrix interactions may be important for promoting neuritogenesis, competitive inhibition by ES or low affinity matrix impairs PC12 differentiation and neurite outgrowth. Finally, using a biosensor technique, we demonstrated a direct interaction between NGF and ES suggesting the mechanism of action of ES may involve NGF sequestration. In conclusion, our study demonstrates the inhibitory effect of ES on different steps of neurogenesis including cell differentiation and migration and neuritogenesis by NGF sequestration. Such sequestration may compromise brain repair following injury, but also may play important role in axon finding as well as a potent therapeutical target in diseases involving abnormal elevated neurotrophic growth factor levels. Taken together, this study raises the consideration of ES as a double-edge sword that carries both deleterious and putative therapeutical effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abraham Al Ahmad
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, TX 77843, USA
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15
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N-terminal modification increases the stability of the recombinant human endostatin in vitro. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2009; 54:113-20. [PMID: 19527221 DOI: 10.1042/ba20090063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Endostar, approved for the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer by the State Food and Drug Administration in China, is a derivative of human endostatin that is modified with an additional metal-chelating sequence (MGGSHHHHH) at the N-terminus. This modification contributes to an additional zinc-binding site in the endostatin sequence. In the present study, zinc-binding and zinc-free endostar were compared to further characterize their biochemical and structural properties. Thermally induced denaturation was determined by monitoring changes in fluorescence emission spectra. The data indicated that zinc binding significantly increased the transition temperature of endostar and contributed to a reversible change in protein conformation after recooling. Proteolysis assays demonstrated that the modified protein binding with zinc ions can stabilize the N-terminus and the C-terminus of endostar when treated with trypsin, chymotrypsin and carboxypeptidase A and B. Western-blot analyses using anti-His6 antibody confirmed that the major cleaved fragments of endostar were in the N-terminus when treated with trypsin and chymotrypsin. In the proliferation assay with human umbilical-vein endothelial cells, the zinc-binding and zinc-free endostar samples with extra zinc-binding sites displayed similar inhibiting activities.
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17
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Fibrinogen facilitates the anti-tumor effect of nonnative endostatin. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2009; 380:249-53. [PMID: 19167351 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.01.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2008] [Accepted: 01/12/2009] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Endostatin is a potent inhibitor of tumor angiogenesis. Interestingly, nonnative endostatin also exhibits an anti-tumor effect, which remains a mystery so far. Here, we show that intravenous injection of nonnative endostatin results in tumor inhibition effect. Soluble and active endostatin is isolated from human blood after the addition of nonnative endostatin in vitro. By fractionation of the whole blood, we surprisingly identify fibrinogen specifically binding to and inhibiting the aggregation of nonnative endostatin. Moreover, the anti-tumor activity of nonnative endostatin is substantially impaired in fibrinogen-deficient mice. Our studies demonstrate that fibrinogen facilitates the anti-tumor effect of nonnative endostatin, which also provides new insights into the novel physiological function of fibrinogen.
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Refolding of endostatin from inclusion bodies using high hydrostatic pressure. Anal Biochem 2008; 379:32-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2008.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2008] [Revised: 04/08/2008] [Accepted: 04/14/2008] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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19
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He Y, Chang G, Zhan S, Song X, Wang X, Luo Y. Soluble tissue factor has unique angiogenic activities that selectively promote migration and differentiation but not proliferation of endothelial cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2008; 370:489-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.03.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2008] [Accepted: 03/25/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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20
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Sulfate stabilizes the folding intermediate more than the native structure of endostatin. Arch Biochem Biophys 2008; 471:232-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2007.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2007] [Revised: 12/10/2007] [Accepted: 12/17/2007] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Harrison RS, Sharpe PC, Singh Y, Fairlie DP. Amyloid peptides and proteins in review. Rev Physiol Biochem Pharmacol 2007; 159:1-77. [PMID: 17846922 DOI: 10.1007/112_2007_0701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Amyloids are filamentous protein deposits ranging in size from nanometres to microns and composed of aggregated peptide beta-sheets formed from parallel or anti-parallel alignments of peptide beta-strands. Amyloid-forming proteins have attracted a great deal of recent attention because of their association with over 30 diseases, notably neurodegenerative conditions like Alzheimer's, Huntington's, Parkinson's, Creutzfeldt-Jacob and prion disorders, but also systemic diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (Lou Gehrig's disease) and type II diabetes. These diseases are all thought to involve important conformational changes in proteins, sometimes termed misfolding, that usually produce beta-sheet structures with a strong tendency to aggregate into water-insoluble fibrous polymers. Reasons for such conformational changes in vivo are still unclear. Intermediate aggregated state(s), rather than precipitated insoluble polymeric aggregates, have recently been implicated in cellular toxicity and may be the source of aberrant pathology in amyloid diseases. Numerous in vitro studies of short and medium length peptides that form amyloids have provided some clues to amyloid formation, with an alpha-helix to beta-sheet folding transition sometimes implicated as an intermediary step leading to amyloid formation. More recently, quite a few non-pathological amyloidogenic proteins have also been identified and physiological properties have been ascribed, challenging previous implications that amyloids were always disease causing. This article summarises a great deal of current knowledge on the occurrence, structure, folding pathways, chemistry and biology associated with amyloidogenic peptides and proteins and highlights some key factors that have been found to influence amyloidogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- R S Harrison
- Centre for Drug Design and Development, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, QLD 4072, Brisbane, Australia
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Han Q, Fu Y, Zhou H, He Y, Luo Y. Contributions of Zn(II)-binding to the structural stability of endostatin. FEBS Lett 2007; 581:3027-32. [PMID: 17544408 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2007.05.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2007] [Revised: 05/15/2007] [Accepted: 05/18/2007] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Endostatin has a compact structure with a Zn(II)-binding site (His1, His3, His11, and Asp76) at the N-terminus. In this study, the effects of Zn(II)-binding on the folding and stability of recombinant human endostatin were studied. The results show that Zn(II)-binding largely stabilizes the structure of endostatin at physiological pH. Under some proteolytic conditions, Zn(II)-binding also contributes to the integrity of the N-terminus of endostatin, which is critical for endostatin to maintain a stable structure. Moreover, engineering an extra Zn(II)-binding peptide to the N-terminus of human endostatin makes this molecule more stable and cooperative in the presence of Zn(II).
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Han
- Laboratory of Protein Chemistry, the Protein Science Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, PR China
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