1
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Kondiboyina V, Boyer TL, Mooney N, Bajpayee AG, Shefelbine SJ. Effect of dynamic loading on calcium signaling in In-Situ chondrocytes. J Biomech 2024; 174:112265. [PMID: 39137485 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2024.112265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Chondrocytes respond to mechanical stimuli by increasing their intracellular calcium concentration. The response depends on the cellular environment. Previous studies have investigated chondrocytes under slow strain rates or cells embedded in hydrogels, but the response of chondrocytes in their native environment under physiologically relevant cyclic loads and dynamic hydrostatic pressure has not been studied. This study investigated the calcium signaling response of in-situ chondrocytes under physiological cyclic compressive loads and hydrostatic pressure with varying frequency and load rates. Bovine cartilage explants were stained with a fluorescent calcium indicator dye and subjected to physiologically relevant cyclic loads using a custom-built loading device secured on a confocal/multiphoton microscope. Calcium fluorescence intensities of the cells were tracked and analyzed. Loading groups were compared using one-way ANOVA followed by a post-hoc test with Tukey correction (α = 0.05). The percentage of cells signaling increased in all compressive loading conditions compared to the no-load baseline. The percentage of cells responding under 1 Hz load was significantly greater than the slow ramp and 0.1 Hz group (p < 0.05). The number of compression cycles had no effect on the calcium signaling response (p > 0.05). The width and time between consecutive peaks were not different between different loading conditions (p > 0.05). Calcium signaling of in-situ chondrocytes did not increase under dynamic hydrostatic pressure of magnitudes up to 0.2 MPa at frequencies of 0.5 Hz and 0.05 Hz (p > 0.05). In conclusion, in-situ chondrocytes respond to physiological compressive loads in a strain rate-dependent manner with an increased number of responsive cells and unaltered temporal characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Timothy L Boyer
- Dept. of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Noah Mooney
- Dept. of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA.
| | | | - Sandra J Shefelbine
- Dept. of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA; Dept. of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA.
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2
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Zhou R, Fu W, Vasylyev D, Waxman SG, Liu CJ. Ion channels in osteoarthritis: emerging roles and potential targets. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2024; 20:545-564. [PMID: 39122910 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-024-01146-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a highly prevalent joint disease that causes substantial disability, yet effective approaches to disease prevention or to the delay of OA progression are lacking. Emerging evidence has pinpointed ion channels as pivotal mediators in OA pathogenesis and as promising targets for disease-modifying treatments. Preclinical studies have assessed the potential of a variety of ion channel modulators to modify disease pathways involved in cartilage degeneration, synovial inflammation, bone hyperplasia and pain, and to provide symptomatic relief in models of OA. Some of these modulators are currently being evaluated in clinical trials. This review explores the structures and functions of ion channels, including transient receptor potential channels, Piezo channels, voltage-gated sodium channels, voltage-dependent calcium channels, potassium channels, acid-sensing ion channels, chloride channels and the ATP-dependent P2XR channels in the osteoarthritic joint. The discussion spans channel-targeting drug discovery and potential clinical applications, emphasizing opportunities for further research, and underscoring the growing clinical impact of ion channel biology in OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renpeng Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Wenyu Fu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Dmytro Vasylyev
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Stephen G Waxman
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Chuan-Ju Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
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3
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Nims R, Palmer DR, Kassab J, Zhang B, Guilak F. The chondrocyte "mechanome": Activation of the mechanosensitive ion channels TRPV4 and PIEZO1 drives unique transcriptional signatures. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23778. [PMID: 38959010 PMCID: PMC11327906 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202400883r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
The mechanosensitive ion channels Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) and PIEZO1 transduce physiologic and supraphysiologic magnitudes of mechanical signals in the chondrocyte, respectively. TRPV4 activation promotes chondrogenesis, while PIEZO1 activation by supraphysiologic deformations drives cell death. The mechanisms by which activation of these channels discretely drives changes in gene expression to alter cell behavior remain to be determined. To date, no studies have contrasted the transcriptomic response to activation of these channels nor has any published data attempted to correlate these transcriptomes to alterations in cellular function. This study used RNA sequencing to comprehensively investigate the transcriptomes associated with activation of TRPV4 or PIEZO1, revealing that TRPV4 and PIEZO drive distinct transcriptomes and also exhibit unique co-regulated clusters of genes. Notably, activation of PIEZO1 through supraphysiologic deformation induced a transient inflammatory profile that overlapped with the interleukin (IL)-1-responsive transcriptome and contained genes associated with cartilage degradation and osteoarthritis progression. However, both TRPV4 and PIEZO1 were also shown to elicit anabolic effects. PIEZO1 expression promoted a pro-chondrogenic transcriptome under unloaded conditions, and daily treatment with PIEZO1 agonist Yoda1 significantly increased sulfated glycosaminoglycan deposition in vitro. These findings emphasize the presence of a broad "mechanome" with distinct effects of TRPV4 and PIEZO1 activation in chondrocytes, suggesting complex roles for PIEZO1 in both the physiologic and pathologic responses of chondrocytes. The identification of transcriptomic profiles unique to or shared by PIEZO1 and TRPV4 (distinct from IL-1-induced inflammation) could inform future therapeutic designs targeting these channels for the management and treatment of osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Nims
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Shriners Hospitals for Children-Saint Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Daniel R Palmer
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Shriners Hospitals for Children-Saint Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Jordan Kassab
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Bo Zhang
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Farshid Guilak
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Shriners Hospitals for Children-Saint Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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4
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Wei P, Shi W, Nong T, Xian C, Li X, Li Z, Li X, Wu J, Shang L, Xu F, Xu Y, Xu H, Zhu M. Novel denovo TRPV4 mutation identified in a Chinese family with metatropic dysplasia inhibits chondrogenic differentiation. Genes Dis 2024; 11:101006. [PMID: 38292178 PMCID: PMC10825422 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wei
- Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510623, China
| | - Weizhe Shi
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510623, China
| | - Tianying Nong
- Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510623, China
| | - Caixia Xian
- Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510623, China
| | - Xia Li
- Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510623, China
| | - Zhaohui Li
- Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510623, China
| | - Xin Li
- Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510623, China
| | - Jianping Wu
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510623, China
| | - Liyuan Shang
- Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510623, China
| | - Fulong Xu
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510623, China
| | - Yibo Xu
- Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510623, China
| | - Hongwen Xu
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510623, China
| | - Mingwei Zhu
- Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510623, China
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Cui SJ, Yang FJ, Wang XD, Mao ZB, Gu Y. Mechanical overload induces TMJ disc degeneration via TRPV4 activation. Oral Dis 2024; 30:1416-1428. [PMID: 37103670 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc cushions intraarticular stress during mandibular movements. While mechanical overloading is related to cartilage degeneration, the pathogenesis of TMJ disc degeneration is unclear. Here, we determined the regulatory role of mechanoinductive transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) in mechanical overload-induced TMJ disc degeneration. METHODS We explored the effect of mechanical overload on the TMJ discs in a rat occlusal interference model in vivo, and by applying sustained compressive force in vitro. TRPV4 inhibition was delivered by small interfering RNA or GSK2193874; TRPV4 activation was delivered by GSK1016790A. The protective effect of TRPV4 inhibition was validated in the rat occlusal interference model. RESULTS Occlusal interference induced TMJ disc degeneration with enhanced extracellular matrix degradation in vivo and mechanical overload promoted inflammatory responses in the TMJ disc cells via Ca2+ influx with significantly upregulated TRPV4. TRPV4 inhibition reversed mechanical overload-induced inflammatory responses; TRPV4 activation simulated mechanical overload-induced inflammatory responses. Moreover, TRPV4 inhibition alleviated TMJ disc degeneration in the rat occlusal interference model. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest TRPV4 plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of mechanical overload-induced TMJ disc degeneration and may be a promising target for the treatment of degenerative changes of the TMJ disc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Jie Cui
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, China
| | - Fu-Jia Yang
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, China
| | - Xue-Dong Wang
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, China
| | - Ze-Bin Mao
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Gu
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, China
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6
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Tytti K, Sanna K, Carla G, Jonatan P, Kaisa R, Sari T. Mechanosensitive TRPV4 channel guides maturation and organization of the bilayered mammary epithelium. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6774. [PMID: 38514727 PMCID: PMC10957991 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57346-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Biophysical cues from the cell microenvironment are detected by mechanosensitive components at the cell surface. Such machineries convert physical information into biochemical signaling cascades within cells, subsequently leading to various cellular responses in a stimulus-dependent manner. At the surface of extracellular environment and cell cytoplasm exist several ion channel families that are activated by mechanical signals to direct intracellular events. One of such channel is formed by transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member, TRPV4 that is known to act as a mechanosensor in wide variaty of tissues and control ion-influx in a spatio-temporal way. Here we report that TRPV4 is prominently expressed in the stem/progenitor cell populations of the mammary epithelium and seems important for the lineage-specific differentiation, consequently affecting mechanical features of the mature mammary epithelium. This was evident by the lack of several markers for mature myoepithelial and luminal epithelial cells in TRPV4-depleted cell lines. Interestingly, TRPV4 expression is controlled in a tension-dependent manner and it also impacts differentation process dependently on the stiffness of the microenvironment. Furthermore, such cells in a 3D compartment were disabled to maintain normal mammosphere structures and displayed abnormal lumen formation, size of the structures and disrupted cellular junctions. Mechanosensitive TRPV4 channel therefore act as critical player in the homeostasis of normal mammary epithelium through sensing the physical environment and guiding accordingly differentiation and structural organization of the bilayered mammary epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kärki Tytti
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Science, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Koskimäki Sanna
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Guenther Carla
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Pirhonen Jonatan
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Rajakylä Kaisa
- School of Social Services and Health Care, Tampere University of Applied Sciences, Tampere, Finland
| | - Tojkander Sari
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
- Tampere Institute for Advanced Study, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
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Segarra-Queralt M, Crump K, Pascuet-Fontanet A, Gantenbein B, Noailly J. The interplay between biochemical mediators and mechanotransduction in chondrocytes: Unravelling the differential responses in primary knee osteoarthritis. Phys Life Rev 2024; 48:205-221. [PMID: 38377727 DOI: 10.1016/j.plrev.2024.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
In primary or idiopathic osteoarthritis (OA), it is unclear which factors trigger the shift of articular chondrocyte activity from pro-anabolic to pro-catabolic. In fact, there is a controversy about the aetiology of primary OA, either mechanical or inflammatory. Chondrocytes are mechanosensitive cells, that integrate mechanical stimuli into cellular responses in a process known as mechanotransduction. Mechanotransduction occurs thanks to the activation of mechanosensors, a set of specialized proteins that convert physical cues into intracellular signalling cascades. Moderate levels of mechanical loads maintain normal tissue function and have anti-inflammatory effects. In contrast, mechanical over- or under-loading might lead to cartilage destruction and increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Simultaneously, mechanotransduction processes can regulate and be regulated by pro- and anti-inflammatory soluble mediators, both local (cells of the same joint, i.e., the chondrocytes themselves, infiltrating macrophages, fibroblasts or osteoclasts) and systemic (from other tissues, e.g., adipokines). Thus, the complex process of mechanotransduction might be altered in OA, so that cartilage-preserving chondrocytes adopt a different sensitivity to mechanical signals, and mechanic stimuli positively transduced in the healthy cartilage may become deleterious under OA conditions. This review aims to provide an overview of how the biochemical exposome of chondrocytes can alter important mechanotransduction processes in these cells. Four principal mechanosensors, i.e., integrins, Ca2+ channels, primary cilium and Wnt signalling (canonical and non-canonical) were targeted. For each of these mechanosensors, a brief summary of the response to mechanical loads under healthy or OA conditions is followed by a concise overview of published works that focus on the further regulation of the mechanotransduction pathways by biochemical factors. In conclusion, this paper discusses and explores how biological mediators influence the differential behaviour of chondrocytes under mechanical loads in healthy and primary OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Segarra-Queralt
- BCN MedTech, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, C/ de la Mercè, 12, Barcelona, 08002, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Katherine Crump
- Tissue Engineering for Orthopaedics & Mechanobiology, Bone & Joint Program, Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), Medical Faculty, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 35, Bern, 3008, Bern, Switzerland; Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences (GCB), University of Bern, Mittelstrasse 43, Bern, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Andreu Pascuet-Fontanet
- BCN MedTech, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, C/ de la Mercè, 12, Barcelona, 08002, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Benjamin Gantenbein
- Tissue Engineering for Orthopaedics & Mechanobiology, Bone & Joint Program, Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), Medical Faculty, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 35, Bern, 3008, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Orthopedic Surgery & Traumatology, Inselspital, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 18, Bern, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jérôme Noailly
- BCN MedTech, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, C/ de la Mercè, 12, Barcelona, 08002, Catalonia, Spain.
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Sartore S, Moretti R, Piras LA, Longo M, Chessa S, Sacchi P. Osteochondrodysplasia and the c.1024G>T variant of TRPV4 gene in Scottish Fold cats: genetic and radiographic evaluation. J Feline Med Surg 2023; 25:1098612X231211763. [PMID: 38055304 PMCID: PMC10811760 DOI: 10.1177/1098612x231211763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were to investigate the c.1024G>T SNP in the TRPV4 gene in Scottish Straight and Fold cats, and to evaluate the pattern of skeletal phenotype and the evolution of radiological signs of Scottish Fold osteochondrodysplasia (SFOCD) over time in heterozygous subjects. METHODS DNA was obtained from blood samples of 17 cats (Scottish Fold: n = 12; Scottish Straight: n = 5) and subsequently genotyped by sequencing in a 249 bp region of the TRPV4 gene (exon 6), including the known c.1024G>T causative mutation for osteochondrodysplasia. Orthopaedic and radiographic analyses were performed on animals carrying the mutant allele. RESULTS Genotyping by sequencing confirmed that all and only the Scottish Fold cats carried the mutant allele in a heterozygous asset. Furthermore, two other exon variants, already described in the literature as silent variants, were found in some of the sampled cats. Comparative orthogonal radiographic views of the shoulder, elbow, carpus, hip, stifle and tarsus were obtained. A mediolateral projection of the thoracic and lumbar column was also performed. Three out of four cats were clinically and radiographically examined again 1.5 years later. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Although the presence of the mutant allele in all the tested Scottish Fold cats was confirmed, only 1/12 showed clinical signs of SFOCD. Furthermore, no cats in the 1.5-year follow-up showed skeletal changes. Although significant, the c.1024G>T mutation in the TRPV4 gene, supposedly, is not the only cause or risk of developing SFOCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Sartore
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Turin, Italy
| | - Riccardo Moretti
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Turin, Italy
| | - Lisa Adele Piras
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Turin, Italy
| | - Maurizio Longo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Milan, Lodi, Italy
| | - Stefania Chessa
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Turin, Italy
| | - Paola Sacchi
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Turin, Italy
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Velie BD, Milden T, Miller H, Haase B. An estimation of osteochondrodysplasia prevalence in Australian Scottish Fold cats: a retrospective study using VetCompass Data. BMC Vet Res 2023; 19:252. [PMID: 38031079 PMCID: PMC10685627 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-023-03811-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND All Scottish Fold cats are believed to be affected by osteochondrodysplasia, a painful degenerative joint disorder. This retrospective study aimed to estimate the prevalence of osteochondrodysplasia in Scottish Fold and Scottish Straight cats in Australian veterinary clinics using electronic patient records (EPRs), collected between 1992 and 2018. RESULTS Consultation events (34,926) in EPRs from veterinary clinics located in New South Wales, Queensland, and Victoria, were collected from 1,131 Scottish Fold and 117 Scottish Shorthair cats. A clinical diagnosis of osteochondrodysplasia was made in 12/1,131 Scottish Fold cats. Additionally, 69 cats were identified with suspected osteochondrodysplasia. Of these, 64 were Scottish Fold and 5 were Scottish Shorthair cats. Male and female cats were equally represented. However, a significant difference was observed for the age clinical signs were first recorded in the EPRs. Cats diagnosed clinically with osteochondrodysplasia were significantly younger (p < 0.0001) compared to cats identified as suspected SFOCD cases. CONCLUSIONS Findings from this study suggest a relatively low prevalence of clinically diagnosed Scottish Fold osteochondrodysplasia (SFOCD) in the studied Australian Scottish Fold population, with cats generally diagnosed with SFOCD at less than 30 months of age. Further evidence is required to accurately assess the clinical relevance of SFOCD in the Scottish Fold population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon D Velie
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, 2006 NSW, Australia
| | - Tracey Milden
- Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, 2006 NSW, Australia
| | - Hannah Miller
- Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, 2006 NSW, Australia
| | - Bianca Haase
- Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, 2006 NSW, Australia.
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Horváth E, Sólyom Á, Székely J, Nagy EE, Popoviciu H. Inflammatory and Metabolic Signaling Interfaces of the Hypertrophic and Senescent Chondrocyte Phenotypes Associated with Osteoarthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16468. [PMID: 38003658 PMCID: PMC10671750 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a complex disease of whole joints with progressive cartilage matrix degradation and chondrocyte transformation. The inflammatory features of OA are reflected in increased synovial levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and VEGF, higher levels of TLR-4 binding plasma proteins and increased expression of IL-15, IL-18, IL-10 and Cox2, in cartilage. Chondrocytes in OA undergo hypertrophic and senescent transition; in these states, the expression of Sox-9, Acan and Col2a1 is suppressed, whereas the expression of RunX2, HIF-2α and MMP-13 is significantly increased. NF-kB, which triggers many pro-inflammatory cytokines, works with BMP, Wnt and HIF-2α to link hypertrophy and inflammation. Altered carbohydrate metabolism and the upregulation of GLUT-1 contribute to the formation of end-glycation products that trigger inflammation via the RAGE pathway. In addition, a glycolytic shift, increased rates of oxidative phosphorylation and mitochondrial dysfunction generate reactive oxygen species with deleterious effects. An important surveyor mechanism, the YAP/TAZ signaling system, controls chondrocyte differentiation, inhibits ageing by protecting the nuclear envelope and suppressing NF-kB, MMP-13 and aggrecanases. The inflammatory microenvironment and synthesis of key matrix components are also controlled by SIRT1 and mTORc. Senescent chondrocytes represent the functional end stage of hypertrophic differentiation and characteristically upregulate p16 and p21, but also a variety of inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and metalloproteinases, developing the senescence-associated secretory phenotype. Senolysis with dendrobin, miR29b-5p and other agents has been shown to be efficient under experimental conditions, and appears to be a promising tool for the treatment of OA, as it restores COL2A1 and aggrecan synthesis, suppressing NF-kB and destructive metalloproteinases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emőke Horváth
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, 38 Gheorghe Marinescu Street, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania;
- Pathology Service, County Emergency Clinical Hospital of Targu Mures, 50 Gheorghe Marinescu Street, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Árpád Sólyom
- Department of Orthopedics-Traumatology, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, 38 Gh. Marinescu Street, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania;
- Clinic of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, County Emergency Clinical Hospital of Targu Mures, 50 Gheorghe Marinescu Street, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania;
| | - János Székely
- Clinic of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, County Emergency Clinical Hospital of Targu Mures, 50 Gheorghe Marinescu Street, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania;
| | - Előd Ernő Nagy
- Department of Biochemistry and Environmental Chemistry, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology of Targu Mures, 38 Gheorghe Marinescu Street, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
- Laboratory of Medical Analysis, Clinical County Hospital Mures, 6 Bernády György Square, 540394 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Horațiu Popoviciu
- Department of Rheumatology, Physical and Medical Rehabilitation, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, 38 Gheorghe Marinescu Street, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania;
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Novoseletskaya ES, Evdokimov PV, Efimenko AY. Extracellular matrix-induced signaling pathways in mesenchymal stem/stromal cells. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:244. [PMID: 37726815 PMCID: PMC10507829 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01252-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a crucial component of the stem cell microenvironment, or stem-cell niches, and contributes to the regulation of cell behavior and fate. Accumulating evidence indicates that different types of stem cells possess a large variety of molecules responsible for interactions with the ECM, mediating specific epigenetic rearrangements and corresponding changes in transcriptome profile. Signals from the ECM are crucial at all stages of ontogenesis, including embryonic and postnatal development, as well as tissue renewal and repair. The ECM could regulate stem cell transition from a quiescent state to readiness to perceive the signals of differentiation induction (competence) and the transition between different stages of differentiation (commitment). Currently, to unveil the complex networks of cellular signaling from the ECM, multiple approaches including screening methods, the analysis of the cell matrixome, and the creation of predictive networks of protein-protein interactions based on experimental data are used. In this review, we consider the existing evidence regarded the contribution of ECM-induced intracellular signaling pathways into the regulation of stem cell differentiation focusing on mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) as well-studied type of postnatal stem cells totally depended on signals from ECM. Furthermore, we propose a system biology-based approach for the prediction of ECM-mediated signal transduction pathways in target cells. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Sergeevna Novoseletskaya
- Faculty of Biology, Dayun New Town, Shenzhen MSU-BIT University, 1 International University Park Road, Dayun New Town, Longgang District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, P. R. China.
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lomonosov Ave., 27/10, 119991, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Pavel Vladimirovich Evdokimov
- Materials Science Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 1, Building 73, 119991, Moscow, Russia
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, GSP-1, Leninskiye Gory, 1-3, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasia Yurievna Efimenko
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lomonosov Ave., 27/10, 119991, Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lomonosov Ave., 27/1, 119991, Moscow, Russia
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12
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Fan X, Xie R, Song W, Ouyang K, Ren L. Biomimetic Hyaluronic Acid-Based Brush Polymers Modulate Chondrocyte Homeostasis via ROS/Ca 2+/TRPV4. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:4240-4252. [PMID: 37585281 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Bionic mimics using natural cartilage matrix molecules can modulate the corresponding metabolic activity by improving the microenvironment of chondrocytes. A bionic brush polymer, HA/PX, has been found to reverse the loss of cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) and has promising applications in the clinical treatment of osteoarthritis (OA). However, the unknown bioremediation mechanism of HA/PX severely hinders its clinical translation. In OA, the massive loss of the ECM may be attributed to a decrease in transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) activity, which affects reactive oxygen species (ROS) clearance and [Ca2+]i signaling, initiating downstream catabolic pathways. In this study, we investigated the bioremediation mechanism of HA/PX in a model of interleukin 1β (IL-1β)-induced inflammation. Through TRPV4, HA/PX reduced ROS accumulation in chondrocytes and enhanced [Ca2+]i signaling, reflecting a short-term protection capacity for chondrocytes. In addition, HA/PX balanced the metabolic homeostasis of chondrocytes via TRPV4, including promoting the secretion of type II collagen (Col-II) and aggrecan, the major components of the ECM, and reducing the expression of matrix metal-degrading enzyme (MMP-13), exerting long-term protective effects on chondrocytes. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations showed that HA/PX could act as a TRPV4 activator. Our results suggest that HA/PX can regulate chondrocyte homeostasis via ROS/Ca2+/TRPV4, thereby improving cartilage regeneration. Because the ECM is a prevalent feature of various cell types, HA/PX holds promising potential for improving regeneration and disease modification for not only cartilage-related healthcare but many other tissues and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopeng Fan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
- Innovation Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Renjian Xie
- School of Medical Information Engineering, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Wenjing Song
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
- Innovation Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Kunfu Ouyang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Li Ren
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
- Innovation Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou 510005, PR China
- Sino-Singapore International Joint Research Institute, Guangzhou 510555, China
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13
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Halonen L, Pemmari A, Nummenmaa E, Hämäläinen M, Moilanen T, Vuolteenaho K, Moilanen E. Human Osteoarthritic Chondrocytes Express Nineteen Different TRP-Genes-TRPA1 and TRPM8 as Potential Drug Targets. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10057. [PMID: 37373205 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential (TRP) ion channels are expressed in neuronal and some non-neuronal cells and are involved particularly in pain and thermosensation. We previously showed that TRPA1 is functionally expressed in human osteoarthritic (OA) chondrocytes and mediates inflammation, cartilage degradation, and pain in monosodium-iodoacetate-induced experimental OA. In the present study, we explored the expression of TRP-channels in primary human OA chondrocytes and investigated whether drugs used in the treatment of OA, ibuprofen and glucocorticoids, have effects on TRP-channel expression. OA cartilage was obtained from knee replacement surgery and chondrocytes were isolated with enzyme digestion. NGS analysis showed the expression of 19 TRP-genes in OA chondrocytes, with TRPM7, TRPV4, TRPC1, and TRPM8 having the highest counts in unstimulated cells. These results were verified with RT-PCR in samples from a different group of patients. Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) significantly increased TRPA1 expression, while TRPM8 and TRPC1 expression was decreased, and TRPM7 and TRPV4 expression remained unaffected. Furthermore, dexamethasone attenuated the effect of IL-1β on TRPA1 and TRPM8 expression. The TRPM8 and TRPA1 agonist menthol increased the expression of the cartilage-degrading enzymes MMP-1, MMP-3, and MMP-13 and the inflammatory factors iNOS and IL-6 in OA chondrocytes. In conclusion, human OA chondrocytes express 19 different TRP-genes, of which the significant TRPM8 expression is a novel finding. Dexamethasone attenuated IL-1β-induced TRPA1 expression. Interestingly, the TRPM8 and TRPA1 agonist menthol increased MMP expression. These results support the concept of TRPA1 and TRMP8 as potential novel drug targets in arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leevi Halonen
- The Immunopharmacology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tampere University Hospital, 33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Antti Pemmari
- The Immunopharmacology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tampere University Hospital, 33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Elina Nummenmaa
- The Immunopharmacology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tampere University Hospital, 33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Mari Hämäläinen
- The Immunopharmacology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tampere University Hospital, 33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Teemu Moilanen
- The Immunopharmacology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tampere University Hospital, 33014 Tampere, Finland
- Coxa Hospital for Joint Replacement, 33520 Tampere, Finland
| | - Katriina Vuolteenaho
- The Immunopharmacology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tampere University Hospital, 33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Eeva Moilanen
- The Immunopharmacology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tampere University Hospital, 33014 Tampere, Finland
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14
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Stavniichuk A, Pyrshev K, Zaika O, Tomilin VN, Kordysh M, Lakk M, Križaj D, Pochynyuk O. TRPV4 expression in the renal tubule is necessary for maintaining whole body K + homeostasis. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2023; 324:F603-F616. [PMID: 37141145 PMCID: PMC10281785 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00278.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The Ca2+-permeable transient receptor potential vanilloid type 4 (TRPV4) channel serves as the sensor of tubular flow, thus being well suited to govern mechanosensitive K+ transport in the distal renal tubule. Here, we directly tested whether the TRPV4 function is significant in affecting K+ balance. We used balance metabolic cage experiments and systemic measurements with different K+ feeding regimens [high (5% K+), regular (0.9% K+), and low (<0.01% K+)] in newly created transgenic mice with selective TRPV4 deletion in the renal tubule (TRPV4fl/fl-Pax8Cre) and their littermate controls (TRPV4fl/fl). Deletion was verified by the absence of TRPV4 protein expression and lack of TRPV4-dependent Ca2+ influx. There were no differences in plasma electrolytes, urinary volume, and K+ levels at baseline. In contrast, plasma K+ levels were significantly elevated in TRPV4fl/fl-Pax8Cre mice on high K+ intake. K+-loaded knockout mice exhibited lower urinary K+ levels than TRPV4fl/fl mice, which was accompanied by higher aldosterone levels by day 7. Moreover, TRPV4fl/fl-Pax8Cre mice had more efficient renal K+ conservation and higher plasma K+ levels in the state of dietary K+ deficiency. H+-K+-ATPase levels were significantly increased in TRPV4fl/fl-Pax8Cre mice on a regular diet and especially on a low-K+ diet, pointing to augmented K+ reabsorption in the collecting duct. Consistently, we found a significantly faster intracellular pH recovery after intracellular acidification, as an index of H+-K+-ATPase activity, in split-opened collecting ducts from TRPV4fl/fl-Pax8Cre mice. In summary, our results demonstrate an indispensable prokaliuretic role of TRPV4 in the renal tubule in controlling K+ balance and urinary K+ excretion during variations in dietary K+ intake. NEW & NOTEWORTHY The mechanoactivated transient receptor potential vanilloid type 4 (TRPV4) channel is expressed in distal tubule segments, where it controls flow-dependent K+ transport. Global TRPV4 deficiency causes impaired adaptation to variations in dietary K+ intake. Here, we demonstrate that renal tubule-specific TRPV4 deletion is sufficient to recapitulate the phenotype by causing antikaliuresis and higher plasma K+ levels in both states of K+ load and deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Stavniichuk
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Kyrylo Pyrshev
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Oleg Zaika
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Viktor N Tomilin
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Mariya Kordysh
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Monika Lakk
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
| | - David Križaj
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
| | - Oleh Pochynyuk
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, United States
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15
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Luo ZH, Ma JX, Zhang W, Tian AX, Gong SW, Li Y, Lai YX, Ma XL. Alterations in the microenvironment and the effects produced of TRPV5 in osteoporosis. J Transl Med 2023; 21:327. [PMID: 37198647 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04182-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of osteoporosis involves multiple factors, among which alterations in the bone microenvironment play a crucial role in disrupting normal bone metabolic balance. Transient receptor potential vanilloid 5 (TRPV5), a member of the TRPV family, is an essential determinant of the bone microenvironment, acting at multiple levels to influence its properties. TRPV5 exerts a pivotal influence on bone through the regulation of calcium reabsorption and transportation while also responding to steroid hormones and agonists. Although the metabolic consequences of osteoporosis, such as loss of bone calcium, reduced mineralization capacity, and active osteoclasts, have received significant attention, this review focuses on the changes in the osteoporotic microenvironment and the specific effects of TRPV5 at various levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Heng Luo
- Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin University, Jie Fang Nan Road 406, Tianjin, 300211, People's Republic of China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, 300050, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Xiong Ma
- Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin University, Jie Fang Nan Road 406, Tianjin, 300211, People's Republic of China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, 300050, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Centre for Translational Medicine Research & Development, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1068 Xue Yuan Avenue, Shenzhen University Town, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ai-Xian Tian
- Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin University, Jie Fang Nan Road 406, Tianjin, 300211, People's Republic of China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, 300050, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Wei Gong
- Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin University, Jie Fang Nan Road 406, Tianjin, 300211, People's Republic of China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, 300050, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Li
- Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin University, Jie Fang Nan Road 406, Tianjin, 300211, People's Republic of China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, 300050, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Xiao Lai
- Centre for Translational Medicine Research & Development, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1068 Xue Yuan Avenue, Shenzhen University Town, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xin-Long Ma
- Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin University, Jie Fang Nan Road 406, Tianjin, 300211, People's Republic of China.
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, 300050, People's Republic of China.
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16
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Zhou T, Chen Y, Liao Z, Zhang L, Su D, Li Z, Yang X, Ke X, Liu H, Chen Y, Weng R, Shen H, Xu C, Wan Y, Xu R, Su P. Spatiotemporal Characterization of Human Early Intervertebral Disc Formation at Single-Cell Resolution. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2206296. [PMID: 36965031 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202206296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The intervertebral disc (IVD) acts as a fibrocartilaginous joint to anchor adjacent vertebrae. Although several studies have demonstrated the cellular heterogeneity of adult mature IVDs, a single-cell transcriptomic atlas mapping early IVD formation is still lacking. Here, the authors generate a spatiotemporal and single cell-based transcriptomic atlas of human IVD formation at the embryonic stage and a comparative mouse transcript landscape. They identify two novel human notochord (NC)/nucleus pulposus (NP) clusters, SRY-box transcription factor 10 (SOX10)+ and cathepsin K (CTSK)+ , that are distributed in the early and late stages of IVD formation and they are validated by lineage tracing experiments in mice. Matrisome NC/NP clusters, T-box transcription factor T (TBXT)+ and CTSK+ , are responsible for the extracellular matrix homeostasis. The IVD atlas suggests that a subcluster of the vertebral chondrocyte subcluster might give rise to an inner annulus fibrosus of chondrogenic origin, while the fibroblastic outer annulus fibrosus preferentially expresseds transgelin and fibromodulin . Through analyzing intercellular crosstalk, the authors further find that notochordal secreted phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1) is a novel cue in the IVD microenvironment, and it is associated with IVD development and degeneration. In conclusion, the single-cell transcriptomic atlas will be leveraged to develop preventative and regenerative strategies for IVD degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taifeng Zhou
- Department of Spine Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Zhiheng Liao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Long Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Deying Su
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics and State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Zhuling Li
- Department of Spine Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xiaoming Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Xiaona Ke
- Department of Spine Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Hengyu Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yuyu Chen
- Department of Spine Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Ricong Weng
- Department of Spine Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Huimin Shen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Caixia Xu
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yong Wan
- Department of Spine Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Ren Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Peiqiang Su
- Department of Spine Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
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17
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Takács R, Kovács P, Ebeid RA, Almássy J, Fodor J, Ducza L, Barrett-Jolley R, Lewis R, Matta C. Ca2+-Activated K+ Channels in Progenitor Cells of Musculoskeletal Tissues: A Narrative Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076796. [PMID: 37047767 PMCID: PMC10095002 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Musculoskeletal disorders represent one of the main causes of disability worldwide, and their prevalence is predicted to increase in the coming decades. Stem cell therapy may be a promising option for the treatment of some of the musculoskeletal diseases. Although significant progress has been made in musculoskeletal stem cell research, osteoarthritis, the most-common musculoskeletal disorder, still lacks curative treatment. To fine-tune stem-cell-based therapy, it is necessary to focus on the underlying biological mechanisms. Ion channels and the bioelectric signals they generate control the proliferation, differentiation, and migration of musculoskeletal progenitor cells. Calcium- and voltage-activated potassium (KCa) channels are key players in cell physiology in cells of the musculoskeletal system. This review article focused on the big conductance (BK) KCa channels. The regulatory function of BK channels requires interactions with diverse sets of proteins that have different functions in tissue-resident stem cells. In this narrative review article, we discuss the main ion channels of musculoskeletal stem cells, with a focus on calcium-dependent potassium channels, especially on the large conductance BK channel. We review their expression and function in progenitor cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration and highlight gaps in current knowledge on their involvement in musculoskeletal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland Takács
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Patrik Kovács
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Rana Abdelsattar Ebeid
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - János Almássy
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, H-1428 Budapest, Hungary
| | - János Fodor
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - László Ducza
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Richard Barrett-Jolley
- Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GA, UK
| | - Rebecca Lewis
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Csaba Matta
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
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18
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Wu J, Yang F, Wu X, Liu X, Zheng D. Comparison of genome-wide DNA methylation patterns between antler precartilage and cartilage. Mol Genet Genomics 2023; 298:343-352. [PMID: 36513842 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-022-01983-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Deer antlers are the only mammalian organs that can fully regenerate after being lost and provide a valuable model for cartilage development. As one of the best-studied epigenetic mechanisms, DNA methylation is known to engage in organ and tissue development. This study aimed to investigate the role of DNA methylation in antler chondrogenesis by comparing whole-genome DNA methylation between precartilage and cartilage. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) showed significant differences in the expression levels of DNA methyltransferase genes (DNMT1, DNMT3A, and DNMT3B) between precartilage and cartilage. Subsequently, we obtained DNA methylation profiles of antler precartilage and cartilage tissues by whole-genome bisulfite sequencing. Although sequencing data indicated that overall methylation levels at CpG and non-CpG sites were similar between precartilage and cartilage, 140,784 differentially methylated regions (DMRs, P < 0.05) and 3,941 DMR-related genes were identified. Gene ontology (GO) analysis of DMR-related genes demonstrated some significantly enriched GO terms (P < 0.05) related to chondrogenesis, including insulin receptor binding, collage trimer, integrin binding, and extracellular matrix structural constituent. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis of DMR-related genes uncovered that the PI3K/AKT, cortisol synthesis and secretion, glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis-keratan sulfate, Hippo, and NF-κB signaling pathways might play a pivotal role in the transition of precartilage to cartilage. Moreover, we found that 25 DMR-related genes, including CD44, IGF1, ITGAV, ITGB1, RUNX1, COL2A1, COMP, and TAGLN, were most likely involved in antler chondrogenesis. In conclusion, this study revealed the genome-wide DNA methylation patterns of antler precartilage and cartilage, which may contribute to understanding the epigenetic regulation of antler chondrogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wu
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Biology, College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, No. 26, Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Biology, College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, No. 26, Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xuanye Wu
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Biology, College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, No. 26, Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xuedong Liu
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Biology, College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, No. 26, Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Dong Zheng
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Biology, College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, No. 26, Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang, China.
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19
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Dicks AR, Maksaev GI, Harissa Z, Savadipour A, Tang R, Steward N, Liedtke W, Nichols CG, Wu CL, Guilak F. Skeletal dysplasia-causing TRPV4 mutations suppress the hypertrophic differentiation of human iPSC-derived chondrocytes. eLife 2023; 12:e71154. [PMID: 36810131 PMCID: PMC9949800 DOI: 10.7554/elife.71154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the TRPV4 ion channel can lead to a range of skeletal dysplasias. However, the mechanisms by which TRPV4 mutations lead to distinct disease severity remain unknown. Here, we use CRISPR-Cas9-edited human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) harboring either the mild V620I or lethal T89I mutations to elucidate the differential effects on channel function and chondrogenic differentiation. We found that hiPSC-derived chondrocytes with the V620I mutation exhibited increased basal currents through TRPV4. However, both mutations showed more rapid calcium signaling with a reduced overall magnitude in response to TRPV4 agonist GSK1016790A compared to wildtype (WT). There were no differences in overall cartilaginous matrix production, but the V620I mutation resulted in reduced mechanical properties of cartilage matrix later in chondrogenesis. mRNA sequencing revealed that both mutations up-regulated several anterior HOX genes and down-regulated antioxidant genes CAT and GSTA1 throughout chondrogenesis. BMP4 treatment up-regulated several essential hypertrophic genes in WT chondrocytes; however, this hypertrophic maturation response was inhibited in mutant chondrocytes. These results indicate that the TRPV4 mutations alter BMP signaling in chondrocytes and prevent proper chondrocyte hypertrophy, as a potential mechanism for dysfunctional skeletal development. Our findings provide potential therapeutic targets for developing treatments for TRPV4-mediated skeletal dysplasias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda R Dicks
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. LouisSt LouisUnited States
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. LouisSt LouisUnited States
- Shriners Hospitals for Children - St. LouisSt. LouisUnited States
| | - Grigory I Maksaev
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. LouisSt LouisUnited States
| | - Zainab Harissa
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. LouisSt LouisUnited States
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. LouisSt LouisUnited States
- Shriners Hospitals for Children - St. LouisSt. LouisUnited States
| | - Alireza Savadipour
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. LouisSt LouisUnited States
- Shriners Hospitals for Children - St. LouisSt. LouisUnited States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Material Science, Washington University in St. LouisSt. LouisUnited States
| | - Ruhang Tang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. LouisSt LouisUnited States
- Shriners Hospitals for Children - St. LouisSt. LouisUnited States
| | - Nancy Steward
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. LouisSt LouisUnited States
- Shriners Hospitals for Children - St. LouisSt. LouisUnited States
| | - Wolfgang Liedtke
- Department of Neurology, Duke University School of MedicineDurhamUnited States
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology - NYU College of DentistryNew YorkUnited States
| | - Colin G Nichols
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. LouisSt LouisUnited States
| | - Chia-Lung Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of RochesterRochesterUnited States
| | - Farshid Guilak
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. LouisSt LouisUnited States
- Shriners Hospitals for Children - St. LouisSt. LouisUnited States
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20
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Hu Y, Li K, Swahn H, Ordoukhanian P, Head SR, Natarajan P, Woods AK, Joseph SB, Johnson KA, Lotz MK. Transcriptomic analyses of joint tissues during osteoarthritis development in a rat model reveal dysregulated mechanotransduction and extracellular matrix pathways. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2023; 31:199-212. [PMID: 36354073 PMCID: PMC9892293 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2022.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Transcriptomic changes in joint tissues during the development of osteoarthritis (OA) are of interest for the discovery of biomarkers and mechanisms of disease. The objective of this study was to use the rat medial meniscus transection (MMT) model to discover stage and tissue-specific transcriptomic changes. DESIGN Sham or MMT surgeries were performed in mature rats. Cartilage, menisci and synovium were scored for histopathological changes at 2, 4 and 6 weeks post-surgery and processed for RNA-sequencing. Differentially expressed genes (DEG) were used to identify pathways and mechanisms. Published transcriptomic datasets from animal models and human OA were used to confirm and extend present findings. RESULTS The total number of DEGs was already high at 2 weeks (723 in meniscus), followed by cartilage (259) and synovium (42) and declined to varying degrees in meniscus and synovium but increased in cartilage at 6 weeks. The most upregulated genes included tenascins. The 'response to mechanical stimulus' and extracellular matrix-related pathways were enriched in both cartilage and meniscus. Pathways that were enriched in synovium at 4 weeks indicate processes related to synovial hyperplasia and fibrosis. Synovium also showed upregulation of IL-11 and several MMPs. The mechanical stimulus pathway included upregulation of the mechanoreceptors PIEZO1, PIEZO2 and TRPV4 and nerve growth factor. Analysis of data from prior RNA-sequencing studies of animal models and human OA support these findings. CONCLUSION These results indicate several shared pathways that are affected during OA in cartilage and meniscus and support the role of mechanotransduction and other pathways in OA pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Hu
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA; Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - K Li
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - H Swahn
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - P Ordoukhanian
- Center for Computational Biology & Bioinformatics and Genomics Core, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - S R Head
- Center for Computational Biology & Bioinformatics and Genomics Core, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - P Natarajan
- Center for Computational Biology & Bioinformatics and Genomics Core, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - A K Woods
- Calibr, a Division of Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - S B Joseph
- Calibr, a Division of Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - K A Johnson
- Calibr, a Division of Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - M K Lotz
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
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21
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Wang J, Sun YX, Li J. The role of mechanosensor Piezo1 in bone homeostasis and mechanobiology. Dev Biol 2023; 493:80-88. [PMID: 36368521 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2022.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Bones and articular cartilage are important load-bearing tissues. The fluid flow inside the bone cells and cell interaction with the extracellular matrix serve as the mechanical cues for bones and joints. Piezo1 is an ion channel found on the cell surface of many cell types, including osteocytes and chondrocytes. It is activated in response to mechanical stimulation, which subsequently mediates a variety of signaling pathways in osteoblasts, osteocytes, and chondrocytes. Piezo1 activation in osteoblastic cells positively regulates osteogenesis, while its activation in joints mediates cartilage degradation. This review focuses on the most recent research on Piezo1 in bone development and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, NO.155 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, 110000, China.
| | - Yong-Xin Sun
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, NO.155 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, 110000, China.
| | - Jiliang Li
- Department of Biology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, 723 West Michigan Street, SL 306, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
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22
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Goretzki B, Tebbe F, Mitrovic SA, Hellmich UA. Backbone NMR assignments of the extensive human and chicken TRPV4 N-terminal intrinsically disordered regions as important players in ion channel regulation. BIOMOLECULAR NMR ASSIGNMENTS 2022; 16:205-212. [PMID: 35451798 PMCID: PMC9027025 DOI: 10.1007/s12104-022-10080-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels are important pharmacological targets due to their ability to act as sensory transducers on the organismic and cellular level, as polymodal signal integrators and because of their role in numerous diseases. However, a detailed molecular understanding of the structural dynamics of TRP channels and their integration into larger cellular signalling networks remains challenging, in part due to the systematic absence of highly dynamic regions pivotal for channel regulation from available structures. In human TRP vanilloid 4 (TRPV4), a ubiquitously expressed homotetrameric cation channel involved in temperature, osmo- and mechano-sensation and in a multitude of (patho)physiological processes, the intrinsically disordered N-terminus encompasses 150 amino acids and thus represents > 17% of the entire channel sequence. Its deletion renders the channel significantly less excitable to agonists supporting a crucial role in TRPV4 activation and regulation. For a structural understanding and a comparison of its properties across species, we determined the NMR backbone assignments of the human and chicken TRPV4 N-terminal IDRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt Goretzki
- Faculty of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry and Cluster of Excellence "Balance of the Microverse", Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07443, Jena, Germany
- Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance, Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 9, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Frederike Tebbe
- Faculty of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry and Cluster of Excellence "Balance of the Microverse", Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07443, Jena, Germany
| | - Sarah-Ana Mitrovic
- Department of Chemistry, Division Biochemistry, Johannes-Gutenberg-University Mainz, Johann-Joachim Becher-Weg 30, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ute A Hellmich
- Faculty of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry and Cluster of Excellence "Balance of the Microverse", Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07443, Jena, Germany.
- Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance, Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 9, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany.
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23
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Comellas E, Farkas JE, Kleinberg G, Lloyd K, Mueller T, Duerr TJ, Muñoz JJ, Monaghan JR, Shefelbine SJ. Local mechanical stimuli correlate with tissue growth in axolotl salamander joint morphogenesis. Proc Biol Sci 2022; 289:20220621. [PMID: 35582804 PMCID: PMC9114971 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2022.0621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Movement-induced forces are critical to correct joint formation, but it is unclear how cells sense and respond to these mechanical cues. To study the role of mechanical stimuli in the shaping of the joint, we combined experiments on regenerating axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum) forelimbs with a poroelastic model of bone rudiment growth. Animals either regrew forelimbs normally (control) or were injected with a transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) agonist during joint morphogenesis. We quantified growth and shape in regrown humeri from whole-mount light sheet fluorescence images of the regenerated limbs. Results revealed significant differences in morphology and cell proliferation between groups, indicating that TRPV4 desensitization has an effect on joint shape. To link TRPV4 desensitization with impaired mechanosensitivity, we developed a finite element model of a regenerating humerus. Local tissue growth was the sum of a biological contribution proportional to chondrocyte density, which was constant, and a mechanical contribution proportional to fluid pressure. Computational predictions of growth agreed with experimental outcomes of joint shape, suggesting that interstitial pressure driven from cyclic mechanical stimuli promotes local tissue growth. Predictive computational models informed by experimental findings allow us to explore potential physical mechanisms involved in tissue growth to advance our understanding of the mechanobiology of joint morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ester Comellas
- Serra Húnter Fellow, Department of Physics, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA USA
| | | | - Giona Kleinberg
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA USA
| | - Katlyn Lloyd
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA USA
| | - Thomas Mueller
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA USA
| | | | - Jose J. Muñoz
- Department of Mathematics, Laboratori de Càlcul Numeric (LaCàN), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona, Spain
- Centre Internacional de Mètodes Numèrics en Enginyeria (CIMNE), Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Matemàtiques de la UPC-BarcelonaTech (IMTech), Barcelona, Spain
| | - James R. Monaghan
- Department of Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA USA
- Institute for Chemical Imaging of Living Systems, Northeastern University, Boston, MA USA
| | - Sandra J. Shefelbine
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA USA
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24
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Gao W, Hasan H, Anderson DE, Lee W. The Role of Mechanically-Activated Ion Channels Piezo1, Piezo2, and TRPV4 in Chondrocyte Mechanotransduction and Mechano-Therapeutics for Osteoarthritis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:885224. [PMID: 35602590 PMCID: PMC9114637 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.885224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical factors play critical roles in the pathogenesis of joint disorders like osteoarthritis (OA), a prevalent progressive degenerative joint disease that causes debilitating pain. Chondrocytes in the cartilage are responsible for extracellular matrix (ECM) turnover, and mechanical stimuli heavily influence cartilage maintenance, degeneration, and regeneration via mechanotransduction of chondrocytes. Thus, understanding the disease-associated mechanotransduction mechanisms can shed light on developing effective therapeutic strategies for OA through targeting mechanotransducers to halt progressive cartilage degeneration. Mechanosensitive Ca2+-permeating channels are robustly expressed in primary articular chondrocytes and trigger force-dependent cartilage remodeling and injury responses. This review discusses the current understanding of the roles of Piezo1, Piezo2, and TRPV4 mechanosensitive ion channels in cartilage health and disease with a highlight on the potential mechanotheraputic strategies to target these channels and prevent cartilage degeneration associated with OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winni Gao
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Hamza Hasan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Devon E. Anderson
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Whasil Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
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25
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Nasrollahzadeh N, Karami P, Wang J, Bagheri L, Guo Y, Abdel-Sayed P, Laurent-Applegate L, Pioletti DP. Temperature evolution following joint loading promotes chondrogenesis by synergistic cues via calcium signaling. eLife 2022; 11:72068. [PMID: 35256051 PMCID: PMC8903839 DOI: 10.7554/elife.72068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
During loading of viscoelastic tissues, part of the mechanical energy is transformed into heat that can locally increase the tissue temperature, a phenomenon known as self-heating. In the framework of mechanobiology, it has been accepted that cells react and adapt to mechanical stimuli. However, the cellular effect of temperature increase as a by-product of loading has been widely neglected. In this work, we focused on cartilage self-heating to present a 'thermo-mechanobiological' paradigm, and demonstrate how the coupling of a biomimetic temperature evolution and mechanical loading could influence cell behavior. We thereby developed a customized in vitro system allowing to recapitulate pertinent in vivo physical cues and determined the cells chondrogenic response to thermal and/or mechanical stimuli. Cellular mechanisms of action and potential signaling pathways of thermo-mechanotransduction process were also investigated. We found that co-existence of thermo-mechanical cues had a superior effect on chondrogenic gene expression compared to either signal alone. Specifically, the expression of Sox9 was significantly upregulated by application of the physiological thermo-mechanical stimulus. Multimodal transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) channels were identified as key mediators of thermo-mechanotransduction process, which becomes ineffective without external calcium sources. We also observed that the isolated temperature evolution, as a by-product of loading, is a contributing factor to the cell response and this could be considered as important as the conventional mechanical loading. Providing an optimal thermo-mechanical environment by synergy of heat and loading portrays new opportunity for development of novel treatments for cartilage regeneration and can furthermore signal key elements for emerging cell-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naser Nasrollahzadeh
- Laboratory of Biomechanical Orthopedics, Institute of Bioengineering, EPFL, Switzerland
| | - Peyman Karami
- Laboratory of Biomechanical Orthopedics, Institute of Bioengineering, EPFL, Switzerland
| | - Jian Wang
- Institut des Matériaux et Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lida Bagheri
- Laboratory of Biomechanical Orthopedics, Institute of Bioengineering, EPFL, Switzerland
| | - Yanheng Guo
- Laboratory of Biomechanical Orthopedics, Institute of Bioengineering, EPFL, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Abdel-Sayed
- Regenerative Therapy Unit, Department of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lee Laurent-Applegate
- Regenerative Therapy Unit, Department of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Dominique P Pioletti
- Laboratory of Biomechanical Orthopedics, Institute of Bioengineering, EPFL, Switzerland
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26
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Zhang M, Meng N, Wang X, Chen W, Zhang Q. TRPV4 and PIEZO Channels Mediate the Mechanosensing of Chondrocytes to the Biomechanical Microenvironment. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12020237. [PMID: 35207158 PMCID: PMC8874592 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12020237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Articular cartilage and their chondrocytes are physiologically submitted to diverse types of mechanical cues. Chondrocytes produce and maintain the cartilage by sensing and responding to changing mechanical loads. TRPV4 and PIEZOs, activated by mechanical cues, are important mechanosensing molecules of chondrocytes and have pivotal roles in articular cartilage during health and disease. The objective of this review is to introduce the recent progress indicating that the mechanosensitive ion channels, TRPV4 and PIEZOs, are involved in the chondrocyte sensing of mechanical and inflammatory cues. We present a focus on the important role of TRPV4 and PIEZOs in the mechanotransduction regulating diverse chondrocyte functions in the biomechanical microenvironment. The review synthesizes the most recent advances in our understanding of how mechanical stimuli affect various cellular behaviors and functions through differentially activating TRPV4 and PIEZO ion channels in chondrocyte. Advances in understanding the complex roles of TRPV4/PIEZO-mediated mechanosignaling mechanisms have the potential to recapitulate physiological biomechanical microenvironments and design cell-instructive biomaterials for cartilage tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; (M.Z.); (N.M.); (X.W.)
| | - Nan Meng
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; (M.Z.); (N.M.); (X.W.)
| | - Xiaoxiao Wang
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; (M.Z.); (N.M.); (X.W.)
| | - Weiyi Chen
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; (M.Z.); (N.M.); (X.W.)
- Correspondence: (W.C.); (Q.Z.); Tel.: +86-15364710252 (W.C.); +86-13700500252 (Q.Z.); Fax: +86-0351-3176651 (Q.Z.)
| | - Quanyou Zhang
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; (M.Z.); (N.M.); (X.W.)
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, No. 382, Wuyi Road, Taiyuan 030001, China
- Correspondence: (W.C.); (Q.Z.); Tel.: +86-15364710252 (W.C.); +86-13700500252 (Q.Z.); Fax: +86-0351-3176651 (Q.Z.)
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27
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Distribution and Assembly of TRP Ion Channels. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1349:111-138. [PMID: 35138613 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-16-4254-8_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In the last several decades, a large family of ion channels have been identified and studied intensively as cellular sensors for diverse physical and/or chemical stimuli. Named transient receptor potential (TRP) channels, they play critical roles in various aspects of cellular physiology. A large number of human hereditary diseases are found to be linked to TRP channel mutations, and their dysregulations lead to acute or chronical health problems. As TRP channels are named and categorized mostly based on sequence homology rather than functional similarities, they exhibit substantial functional diversity. Rapid advances in TRP channel study have been made in recent years and reported in a vast body of literature; a summary of the latest advancements becomes necessary. This chapter offers an overview of current understandings of TRP channel distribution and subunit assembly.
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28
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Gawri R, Bielecki R, Salter EW, Zelinka A, Shiba T, Collingridge G, Nagy A, Kandel RA. The anabolic effect of inorganic polyphosphate on chondrocytes is mediated by calcium signalling. J Orthop Res 2022; 40:310-322. [PMID: 33719091 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Inorganic polyphosphates (polyP) are polymers composed of phosphate residues linked by energy-rich phosphoanhydride bonds. As polyP can bind calcium, the hypothesis of this study is that polyP enters chondrocytes and exerts its anabolic effect by calcium influx through calcium channels. PolyP treatment of cartilage tissue formed in 3D culture by bovine chondrocytes showed an increase in proteoglycan accumulation but only when calcium was also present at a concentration of 1.5 mM. This anabolic effect could be prevented by treatment with either ethylene glycol-bis(β-aminoethyl ether)-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid or the calcium channel inhibitors gadolinium and nifedipine. Calcium and polyP cotreatment of chondrocytes in monolayer culture resulted in calcium oscillations that were polyP chain length specific and were inhibited by gadolinium and nifedipine. The calcium influx resulted in increased gene expression of sox9, collagen type II, and aggrecan which was prevented by treatment with either calphostin, an inhibitor of protein kinase C, and W7, an inhibitor of calmodulin; suggesting activation of the protein kinase C-calmodulin pathway. Tracing studies using 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole, Mitotracker Red, and/or Fura-AM staining showed that polyP was detected in the nucleus, mitochondria, and intracellular vacuoles suggesting that polyP may also enter the cell. PolyP colocalizes with calcium in mitochondria. This study demonstrates that polyP requires the influx of calcium to regulate chondrocyte matrix production, likely via activating calcium signaling. These findings identify the mechanism regulating the anabolic effect of polyP in chondrocytes which will help in its clinical translation into a therapeutic agent for cartilage repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Gawri
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ryszard Bielecki
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eric W Salter
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alena Zelinka
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Toshikazu Shiba
- Regenetiss Inc., Kunitachi, Japan.,Kitasato Institute for Life Sciences, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Graham Collingridge
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andras Nagy
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rita A Kandel
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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29
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Sonthithai P, Hankamonsiri W, Lertwimol T, Uppanan P, Janvikul W. Novel modified culture medium for enhancing redifferentiation of chondrocytes for cartilage tissue engineering applications. Biotechnol Prog 2022; 38:e3240. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.3240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pacharapan Sonthithai
- Biofunctional Materials and Devices Research Group, National Metal and Materials Technology Center, 114 Thailand Science Park Phahonyothin Road, Klong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120 Thailand
| | - Weerawan Hankamonsiri
- Biofunctional Materials and Devices Research Group, National Metal and Materials Technology Center, 114 Thailand Science Park Phahonyothin Road, Klong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120 Thailand
| | - Tareerat Lertwimol
- Biofunctional Materials and Devices Research Group, National Metal and Materials Technology Center, 114 Thailand Science Park Phahonyothin Road, Klong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120 Thailand
| | - Paweena Uppanan
- Biofunctional Materials and Devices Research Group, National Metal and Materials Technology Center, 114 Thailand Science Park Phahonyothin Road, Klong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120 Thailand
| | - Wanida Janvikul
- Biofunctional Materials and Devices Research Group, National Metal and Materials Technology Center, 114 Thailand Science Park Phahonyothin Road, Klong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120 Thailand
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30
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Hoyle DJ, Dranow DB, Schilling TF. Pthlha and mechanical force control early patterning of growth zones in the zebrafish craniofacial skeleton. Development 2022; 149:dev199826. [PMID: 34919126 PMCID: PMC8917414 DOI: 10.1242/dev.199826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Secreted signals in patterning systems often induce repressive signals that shape their distributions in space and time. In developing growth plates (GPs) of endochondral long bones, Parathyroid hormone-like hormone (Pthlh) inhibits Indian hedgehog (Ihh) to form a negative-feedback loop that controls GP progression and bone size. Whether similar systems operate in other bones and how they arise during embryogenesis remain unclear. We show that Pthlha expression in the zebrafish craniofacial skeleton precedes chondrocyte differentiation and restricts where cells undergo hypertrophy, thereby initiating a future GP. Loss of Pthlha leads to an expansion of cells expressing a novel early marker of the hypertrophic zone (HZ), entpd5a, and later HZ markers, such as ihha, whereas local Pthlha misexpression induces ectopic entpd5a expression. Formation of this early pre-HZ correlates with onset of muscle contraction and requires mechanical force; paralysis leads to loss of entpd5a and ihha expression in the pre-HZ, mislocalized pthlha expression and no subsequent ossification. These results suggest that local Pthlh sources combined with force determine HZ locations, establishing the negative-feedback loop that later maintains GPs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Thomas F. Schilling
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92693, USA
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Evolving concepts of TRPV4 in controlling flow-sensitivity of the renal nephron. CURRENT TOPICS IN MEMBRANES 2022; 89:75-94. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctm.2022.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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32
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Role of TRPV4 in skeletal function and its mutant-mediated skeletal disorders. CURRENT TOPICS IN MEMBRANES 2022; 89:221-246. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctm.2022.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Otarola G, Hu JC, Athanasiou KA. INTRACELLULAR CALCIUM AND SODIUM MODULATION OF SELF-ASSEMBLED NEOCARTILAGE USING COSTAL CHONDROCYTES. Tissue Eng Part A 2021; 28:595-605. [PMID: 34877888 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2021.0169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ion signaling via Ca2+ and Na+ plays a key role in mechanotransduction and encourages a chondrogenic phenotype and tissue maturation. Here, we propose that the pleiotropic effects of Ca2+ and Na+ modulation can be used to induce maturation and improvement of neocartilage derived from re-differentiated expanded chondrocytes from minipig rib cartilage. Three ion modulators were employed: 1) 4α-phorbol-12,13-didecanoate (4-αPDD), an agonist of the Ca2+-permeable transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4), 2) ouabain, an inhibitor of the Na+/K+ pump, and 3) ionomycin, a Ca2+ ionophore. These ion modulators were used individually or in combination. While no beneficial effects were observed when using combinations of the ion modulators, single treatment of constructs with the three ion modulators resulted in multiple effects in structure-function relationships. The most significant findings were related to ionomycin. Treatment of neocartilage with ionomycin produced 61% and 115% increases in glycosaminoglycan and pyridinoline crosslink content, respectively, compared to the control. Moreover, treatment with this Ca2+ ionophore resulted in a 45% increase of the aggregate modulus, and a 63% increase in the tensile Young's modulus, resulting in aggregate and Young's moduli of 567 kPa and 8.43 MPa, respectively. These results support the use of ion modulation to develop biomimetic neocartilage using expanded re-differentiated costal chondrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaston Otarola
- University of California, Irvine, BME, Irvine, California, United States;
| | - Jerry C Hu
- University of California, Irvine, BME, Irvine, California, United States;
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Trompeter N, Gardinier JD, DeBarros V, Boggs M, Gangadharan V, Cain WJ, Hurd L, Duncan RL. Insulin-like growth factor-1 regulates the mechanosensitivity of chondrocytes by modulating TRPV4. Cell Calcium 2021; 99:102467. [PMID: 34530313 PMCID: PMC8541913 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2021.102467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Both mechanical and biochemical stimulation are required for maintaining the integrity of articular cartilage. However, chondrocytes respond differently to mechanical stimuli in osteoarthritic cartilage when biochemical signaling pathways, such as Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1), are altered. The Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) channel is central to chondrocyte mechanotransduction and regulation of cartilage homeostasis. Here, we propose that changes in IGF-1 can modulate TRPV4 channel activity. We demonstrate that physiologic levels of IGF-1 suppress hypotonic-induced TRPV4 currents and intracellular calcium flux by increasing apparent cell stiffness that correlates with actin stress fiber formation. Disruption of F-actin following IGF-1 treatment results in the return of the intracellular calcium response to hypotonic swelling. Using point mutations of the TRPV4 channel at the microtubule-associated protein 7 (MAP-7) site shows that regulation of TRPV4 by actin is mediated via the interaction of actin with the MAP-7 domain of TRPV4. We further highlight that ATP release, a down-stream response to mechanical stimulation in chondrocytes, is mediated by TRPV4 during hypotonic challenge. This response is significantly abrogated with IGF-1 treatment. As chondrocyte mechanosensitivity is greatly altered during osteoarthritis progression, IGF-1 presents as a promising candidate for prevention and treatment of articular cartilage damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Trompeter
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States
| | - Joseph D Gardinier
- Biomechanics and Movement Science Program, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States; Bone and Joint Center, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Victor DeBarros
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States
| | - Mary Boggs
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States
| | - Vimal Gangadharan
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States
| | - William J Cain
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States
| | - Lauren Hurd
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States
| | - Randall L Duncan
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States; Biomechanics and Movement Science Program, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States; Department of Biology, University of Michigan-Flint, Flint, MI, United States.
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35
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Maumus M, Fonteneau G, Ruiz M, Assou S, Boukhaddaoui H, Pastoureau P, De Ceuninck F, Jorgensen C, Noel D. Neuromedin B promotes chondrocyte differentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells via calcineurin and calcium signaling. Cell Biosci 2021; 11:183. [PMID: 34663442 PMCID: PMC8525028 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-021-00695-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Articular cartilage is a complex tissue with poor healing capacities. Current approaches for cartilage repair based on mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are often disappointing because of the lack of relevant differentiation factors that could drive MSC differentiation towards a stable mature chondrocyte phenotype. Results We used a large-scale transcriptomic approach to identify genes that are modulated at early stages of chondrogenic differentiation using the reference cartilage micropellet model. We identified several modulated genes and selected neuromedin B (NMB) as one of the early and transiently modulated genes. We found that the timely regulated increase of NMB was specific for chondrogenesis and not observed during osteogenesis or adipogenesis. Furthermore, NMB expression levels correlated with the differentiation capacity of MSCs and its inhibition resulted in impaired chondrogenic differentiation indicating that NMB is required for chondrogenesis. We further showed that NMB activated the calcineurin activity through a Ca2+-dependent signaling pathway. Conclusion NMB is a newly described chondroinductive bioactive factor that upregulates the key chondrogenic transcription factor Sox9 through the modulation of Ca2+ signaling pathway and calcineurin activity. Graphical abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13578-021-00695-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Maumus
- IRMB, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Maxime Ruiz
- IRMB, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Said Assou
- IRMB, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Hassan Boukhaddaoui
- INM, University of Montpellier, INSERM, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Philippe Pastoureau
- Institut de Recherches Servier, Center for Therapeutic Innovation, Immuno-Inflammatory Disease, Croissy-sur-Seine, France
| | - Frédéric De Ceuninck
- Institut de Recherches Servier, Center for Therapeutic Innovation, Immuno-Inflammatory Disease, Croissy-sur-Seine, France
| | - Christian Jorgensen
- IRMB, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France.,Clinical Immunology and Osteoarticular Disease Therapeutic Unit, Department of Rheumatology, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Danièle Noel
- IRMB, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France. .,Clinical Immunology and Osteoarticular Disease Therapeutic Unit, Department of Rheumatology, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
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36
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Willard VP, Leddy HA, Palmer D, Wu CL, Liedtke W, Guilak F. Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 as a regulator of induced pluripotent stem cell chondrogenesis. Stem Cells 2021; 39:1447-1456. [PMID: 34427363 DOI: 10.1002/stem.3440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) is a polymodal calcium-permeable cation channel that is highly expressed in cartilage and is sensitive to a variety of extracellular stimuli. The expression of this channel has been associated with the process of chondrogenesis in adult stem cells as well as several cell lines. Here, we used a chondrogenic reporter (Col2a1-GFP) in murine induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to examine the hypothesis that TRPV4 serves as both a marker and a regulator of chondrogenesis. Over 21 days of chondrogenesis, iPSCs showed significant increases in Trpv4 expression along with the standard chondrogenic gene markers Sox9, Acan, and Col2a1, particularly in the green fluorescent protein positive (GFP+) chondroprogenitor subpopulation. Increased gene expression for Trpv4 was also reflected by the presence of TRPV4 protein and functional Ca2+ signaling. Daily activation of TRPV4 using the specific agonist GSK1016790A resulted in significant increases in cartilaginous matrix production. An improved understanding of the role of TRPV4 in chondrogenesis may provide new insights into the development of new therapeutic approaches for diseases of cartilage, such as osteoarthritis, or channelopathies and hereditary disorders that affect cartilage during development. Harnessing the role of TRPV4 in chondrogenesis may also provide a novel approach for accelerating stem cell differentiation in functional tissue engineering of cartilage replacements for joint repair.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Holly A Leddy
- Shared Materials Instrumentation Facility, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Daniel Palmer
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Shriners Hospitals for Children - St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Chia-Lung Wu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Shriners Hospitals for Children - St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | | | - Farshid Guilak
- Cytex Therapeutics, Inc, Durham, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Shriners Hospitals for Children - St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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Xie M, Fritch M, He Y, Fu H, Hong Y, Lin H. Dynamic loading enhances chondrogenesis of human chondrocytes within a biodegradable resilient hydrogel. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:5011-5024. [PMID: 34109952 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm00413a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Hyaline cartilage in the knee joint is a soft tissue that is both stiff and elastic, which raises unique challenges in developing scaffolds for the repair of cartilage injury. In this study, we mixed poly-d,l-lactic acid/polyethylene glycol/poly-d,l-lactic acid (PEG-PDLLA-DA) with polycaprolactone-poly(ethylene glycol)-polycaprolactone (PEG-PCL-DA) with the aim to create a cartilage-like hydrogel. Results indicated that the hydrogel made from PEG-PDLLA-DA/PEG-PCL-DA (50/50) was biodegradable and resilient, able to bear compressive loads with strains up to 50%. Human chondrocytes maintained high viability after being seeded in the hydrogel and underwent robust chondrogenesis upon stimulation. The application of dynamic compressive loading further promoted the generation of cartilage matrix and increased the compressive moduli of engineered cartilage tissues. Then engineered cartilage tissues, with or without being stimulated by dynamic loading, were implanted subcutaneously in mice, and results showed that the cartilage matrices and chondrocyte phenotypes were well preserved. Lastly, we conducted the mechanistic study to understand how dynamic loading influenced chondrogenesis. Specifically, the levels p-Erk and p38 kinases were found to remarkably increase on day 1 upon dynamic compressive loading, decrease on day 3, and then slightly elevate on day 7. In comparison, the expression of YAP and RhoA peaked on day 3 after mechanical loading. Levels of PIEZO1 and TRPV4 protein increased with the extension of dynamic loading culture time. Taken together, this newly developed resilient hydrogel represents a robust scaffold for cartilage regeneration. Moreover, based on the time their levels reach the peak, three groups of proteins are identified in mediating chondrocyte response to dynamic loading, which has not been previously reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingsheng Xie
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15217, USA. and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410008, China
| | - Madalyn Fritch
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15217, USA.
| | - Yuchen He
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15217, USA.
| | - Huikang Fu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA.
| | - Yi Hong
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA.
| | - Hang Lin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15217, USA. and Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh Swanson School of Engineering, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA and McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
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38
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Woods S, Humphreys PA, Bates N, Richardson SA, Kuba SY, Brooks IR, Cain SA, Kimber SJ. Regulation of TGFβ Signalling by TRPV4 in Chondrocytes. Cells 2021; 10:726. [PMID: 33805168 PMCID: PMC8064313 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The growth factor TGFβ and the mechanosensitive calcium-permeable cation channel TRPV4 are both important for the development and maintenance of many tissues. Although TRPV4 and TGFβ both affect core cellular functions, how their signals are integrated is unknown. Here we show that pharmacological activation of TRPV4 significantly increased the canonical response to TGFβ stimulation in chondrocytes. Critically, this increase was only observed when TRPV4 was activated after, but not before TGFβ stimulation. The increase was prevented by pharmacological TRPV4 inhibition or knockdown and is calcium/CamKII dependent. RNA-seq analysis after TRPV4 activation showed enrichment for the TGFβ signalling pathway and identified JUN and SP1 as key transcription factors involved in this response. TRPV4 modulation of TGFβ signalling represents an important pathway linking mechanical signalling to tissue development and homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Woods
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK; (P.A.H.); (N.B.); (S.A.R.); (S.Y.K.); (I.R.B.); (S.A.C.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Susan J. Kimber
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK; (P.A.H.); (N.B.); (S.A.R.); (S.Y.K.); (I.R.B.); (S.A.C.)
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Masuda K, Han X, Kato H, Sato H, Zhang Y, Sun X, Hirofuji Y, Yamaza H, Yamada A, Fukumoto S. Dental Pulp-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Modeling Genetic Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052269. [PMID: 33668763 PMCID: PMC7956585 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A subpopulation of mesenchymal stem cells, developmentally derived from multipotent neural crest cells that form multiple facial tissues, resides within the dental pulp of human teeth. These stem cells show high proliferative capacity in vitro and are multipotent, including adipogenic, myogenic, osteogenic, chondrogenic, and neurogenic potential. Teeth containing viable cells are harvested via minimally invasive procedures, based on various clinical diagnoses, but then usually discarded as medical waste, indicating the relatively low ethical considerations to reuse these cells for medical applications. Previous studies have demonstrated that stem cells derived from healthy subjects are an excellent source for cell-based medicine, tissue regeneration, and bioengineering. Furthermore, stem cells donated by patients affected by genetic disorders can serve as in vitro models of disease-specific genetic variants, indicating additional applications of these stem cells with high plasticity. This review discusses the benefits, limitations, and perspectives of patient-derived dental pulp stem cells as alternatives that may complement other excellent, yet incomplete stem cell models, such as induced pluripotent stem cells, together with our recent data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiji Masuda
- Section of Oral Medicine for Children, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (X.H.); (H.S.); (Y.Z.); (X.S.); (Y.H.); (H.Y.)
- Correspondence: (K.M.); (S.F.); Tel.: +81-92-642-6402 (K.M. & S.F.)
| | - Xu Han
- Section of Oral Medicine for Children, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (X.H.); (H.S.); (Y.Z.); (X.S.); (Y.H.); (H.Y.)
| | - Hiroki Kato
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Oral Anatomy, Graduate School of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan;
| | - Hiroshi Sato
- Section of Oral Medicine for Children, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (X.H.); (H.S.); (Y.Z.); (X.S.); (Y.H.); (H.Y.)
| | - Yu Zhang
- Section of Oral Medicine for Children, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (X.H.); (H.S.); (Y.Z.); (X.S.); (Y.H.); (H.Y.)
| | - Xiao Sun
- Section of Oral Medicine for Children, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (X.H.); (H.S.); (Y.Z.); (X.S.); (Y.H.); (H.Y.)
| | - Yuta Hirofuji
- Section of Oral Medicine for Children, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (X.H.); (H.S.); (Y.Z.); (X.S.); (Y.H.); (H.Y.)
| | - Haruyoshi Yamaza
- Section of Oral Medicine for Children, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (X.H.); (H.S.); (Y.Z.); (X.S.); (Y.H.); (H.Y.)
| | - Aya Yamada
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Oral Health and Development Sciences, Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan;
| | - Satoshi Fukumoto
- Section of Oral Medicine for Children, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (X.H.); (H.S.); (Y.Z.); (X.S.); (Y.H.); (H.Y.)
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Oral Health and Development Sciences, Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan;
- Correspondence: (K.M.); (S.F.); Tel.: +81-92-642-6402 (K.M. & S.F.)
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40
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He Y, Makarczyk MJ, Lin H. Role of mitochondria in mediating chondrocyte response to mechanical stimuli. Life Sci 2020; 263:118602. [PMID: 33086121 PMCID: PMC7736591 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
As the most common form of arthritis, osteoarthritis (OA) has become a major cause of severe joint pain, physical disability, and quality of life impairment in the affected population. To date, precise pathogenesis of OA has not been fully clarified, which leads to significant obstacles in developing efficacious treatments such as failures in finding disease-modifying OA drugs (DMOADs) in the last decades. Given that diarthrodial joints primarily display the weight-bearing and movement-supporting function, it is not surprising that mechanical stress represents one of the major risk factors for OA. However, the inner connection between mechanical stress and OA onset/progression has yet to be explored. Mitochondrion, a widespread organelle involved in complex biological regulation processes such as adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis and cellular metabolism, is believed to have a controlling role in the survival and function implement of chondrocytes, the singular cell type within cartilage. Mitochondrial dysfunction has also been observed in osteoarthritic chondrocytes. In this review, we systemically summarize mitochondrial alterations in chondrocytes during OA progression and discuss our recent progress in understanding the potential role of mitochondria in mediating mechanical stress-associated osteoarthritic alterations of chondrocytes. In particular, we propose the potential signaling pathways that may regulate this process, which provide new views and therapeutic targets for the prevention and treatment of mechanical stress-associated OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen He
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Meagan J Makarczyk
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Hang Lin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America.
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41
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Doñate‐Macian P, Duarte Y, Rubio‐Moscardo F, Pérez‐Vilaró G, Canan J, Díez J, González‐Nilo F, Valverde MA. Structural determinants of TRPV4 inhibition and identification of new antagonists with antiviral activity. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 179:3576-3591. [PMID: 32959389 PMCID: PMC9291951 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose The transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) cation channel participates in multiple physiological processes and is also at the core of different diseases, making this channel an interesting pharmacological target with therapeutic potential. However, little is known about the structural elements governing its inhibition. Experimental Approach We have now combined in silico drug discovery and molecular dynamics simulation based on Xenopus tropicalis xTRPV4 structure with functional studies measuring cell Ca2+ influx mediated by human TRPV4 channel to characterize the binding site of known TRPV4 inhibitors and to identify novel small molecule channel modulators. Key Results We have found that the inhibitor HC067047 binds to a pocket conformed by residues from S2–S3 linker (xTRPV4‐D542), S4 (xTRPV4‐M583 and Y587 and S5 (xTRPV4‐D609 and F613). This pocket was also used for structure‐based virtual screening in the search of novel channel modulators. Forty potential hits were selected based on the lower docking scores (from ~250,000 compounds) and their effect upon TRPV4 functionally tested. Three were further analysed for stability using molecular dynamics simulation and functionally tested on TRPV4 channels carrying mutations in the binding pocket. Compound NSC151066, shown to require residue xTRPV4‐M583 for its inhibitory effect, presented an IC50 of 145 nM and demonstrated to be an effective antiviral against Zika virus with a potency similar to HC067047. Conclusion and Implications Together, we propose structural insights into the inhibition of TRPV4 and how this information can be used for the design of novel channel modulators. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed issue on Structure Guided Pharmacology of Membrane Proteins (BJP 75th Anniversary). To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v179.14/issuetoc
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Doñate‐Macian
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences Universitat Pompeu Fabra Barcelona Spain
| | - Yorley Duarte
- Center for Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida Universidad Andrés Bello Santiago Chile
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaiso, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida Universidad de Valparaíso Valparaíso Chile
| | - Fanny Rubio‐Moscardo
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences Universitat Pompeu Fabra Barcelona Spain
| | - Gemma Pérez‐Vilaró
- Molecular Virology Group, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences Universitat Pompeu Fabra Barcelona Spain
| | - Jonathan Canan
- Center for Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida Universidad Andrés Bello Santiago Chile
| | - Juana Díez
- Molecular Virology Group, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences Universitat Pompeu Fabra Barcelona Spain
| | - Fernando González‐Nilo
- Center for Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida Universidad Andrés Bello Santiago Chile
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaiso, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida Universidad de Valparaíso Valparaíso Chile
| | - Miguel A. Valverde
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences Universitat Pompeu Fabra Barcelona Spain
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Espadas-Álvarez H, Martínez-Rendón J, Larre I, Matamoros-Volante A, Romero-García T, Rosenbaum T, Rueda A, García-Villegas R. TRPV4 activity regulates nuclear Ca 2+ and transcriptional functions of β-catenin in a renal epithelial cell model. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:3599-3614. [PMID: 33044004 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
TRPV4 is a nonselective cationic channel responsive to several physical and chemical stimuli. Defects in TRPV4 channel function result in human diseases, such as skeletal dysplasias, arthropathies, and peripheral neuropathies. Nonetheless, little is known about the role of TRPV4 in other cellular functions, such as nuclear Ca2+ homeostasis or Ca2+ -regulated transcription. Here, we confirmed the presence of the full-length TRPV4 channel in the nuclei of nonpolarized Madin-Darby canine kidney cells. Confocal Ca2+ imaging showed that activation of the channel increases cytoplasmic and nuclear Ca2+ leading to translocation of TRPV4 out of the nucleus together with β-catenin, a transcriptional regulator in the Wnt signaling pathway fundamental in embryogenesis, organogenesis, and cellular homeostasis. TRPV4 inhibits β-catenin transcriptional activity through a direct interaction dependent upon channel activity. This interaction also occurs in undifferentiated osteoblastoma and neuroblastoma cell models. Our results suggest a mechanism in which TRPV4 may regulate differentiation in several cellular contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Espadas-Álvarez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Jacqueline Martínez-Rendón
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Isabel Larre
- Marshall Institute for Interdisciplinary Research and Department of Clinical and Translational Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, USA
| | | | - Tatiana Romero-García
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Tamara Rosenbaum
- Departamento de Neurociencia Cognitiva, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Angélica Rueda
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Refugio García-Villegas
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
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43
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Nishida T, Kubota S. Roles of CCN2 as a mechano-sensing regulator of chondrocyte differentiation. JAPANESE DENTAL SCIENCE REVIEW 2020; 56:119-126. [PMID: 33088364 PMCID: PMC7560579 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2020.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular communication network factor 2 (CCN2) is a cysteine-rich secreted matricellular protein that regulates various cellular functions including cell differentiation. CCN2 is highly expressed under several types of mechanical stress, such as stretch, compression, and shear stress, in mesenchymal cells including chondrocytes, osteoblasts, and fibroblasts. In particular, CCN2 not only promotes cell proliferation and differentiation of various cells but also regulates the stability of mRNA of TRPV4, a mechanosensitive ion channel in chondrocytes. Of note, CCN2 behaves like a biomarker to sense suitable mechanical stress, because CCN2 expression is down-regulated when chondrocytes are subjected to excessive mechanical stress. These findings suggest that CCN2 is a mechano-sensing regulator. CCN2 expression is regulated by the activation of various mechano-sensing signaling pathways, e.g., mechanosensitive ion channels, integrin-focal adhesion-actin dynamics, Rho GTPase family members, Hippo-YAP signaling, and G protein-coupled receptors. This review summarizes the characterization of mechanoreceptors involved in CCN2 gene regulation and discusses the role of CCN2 as a mechano-sensing regulator of mesenchymal cell differentiation, with particular focus on chondrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Nishida
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8525, Japan.,Advanced Research Center for Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8525, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kubota
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8525, Japan
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An immortalized human adipose-derived stem cell line with highly enhanced chondrogenic properties. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 530:252-258. [PMID: 32828295 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Human adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) are a commonly used cell type for cartilage tissue engineering. However, donor-to-donor variability, cell heterogeneity, inconsistent chondrogenic potential, and limited expansion potential can hinder the use of these cells for modeling chondrogenesis, in vitro screening of drugs and treatments for joint diseases, or translational applications for tissue engineered cartilage repair. The goal of this study was to create an immortalized ASC line that showed enhanced and consistent chondrogenic potential for applications in cartilage tissue engineering as well as to provide a platform for investigation of biological and mechanobiological pathways involved in cartilage homeostasis and disease. Starting with the ASC52telo cell line, a hTERT-immortalized ASC line, we used lentivirus to overexpress SOX9, a master regulator of chondrogenesis, and screened several clonal populations of SOX9 overexpressing cells to form a new stable cell line with high chondrogenic potential. One clonal line, named ASC52telo-SOX9, displayed increased GAG and type II collagen synthesis and was found to be responsive to both mechanical and inflammatory stimuli in a manner similar to native chondrocytes. The development of a clonal line such as ASC52telo-SOX9 has the potential to be a powerful tool for studying cartilage homeostasis and disease mechanisms in vitro, and potentially as a platform for in vitro drug screening for diseases that affect articular cartilage. Our findings provide an approach for the development of other immortalized cell lines with improved chondrogenic capabilities in ASCs or other adult stem cells.
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K + and Ca 2+ Channels Regulate Ca 2+ Signaling in Chondrocytes: An Illustrated Review. Cells 2020; 9:cells9071577. [PMID: 32610485 PMCID: PMC7408816 DOI: 10.3390/cells9071577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
An improved understanding of fundamental physiological principles and progressive pathophysiological processes in human articular joints (e.g., shoulders, knees, elbows) requires detailed investigations of two principal cell types: synovial fibroblasts and chondrocytes. Our studies, done in the past 8–10 years, have used electrophysiological, Ca2+ imaging, single molecule monitoring, immunocytochemical, and molecular methods to investigate regulation of the resting membrane potential (ER) and intracellular Ca2+ levels in human chondrocytes maintained in 2-D culture. Insights from these published papers are as follows: (1) Chondrocyte preparations express a number of different ion channels that can regulate their ER. (2) Understanding the basis for ER requires knowledge of (a) the presence or absence of ligand (ATP/histamine) stimulation and (b) the extraordinary ionic composition and ionic strength of synovial fluid. (3) In our chondrocyte preparations, at least two types of Ca2+-activated K+ channels are expressed and can significantly hyperpolarize ER. (4) Accounting for changes in ER can provide insights into the functional roles of the ligand-dependent Ca2+ influx through store-operated Ca2+ channels. Some of the findings are illustrated in this review. Our summary diagram suggests that, in chondrocytes, the K+ and Ca2+ channels are linked in a positive feedback loop that can augment Ca2+ influx and therefore regulate lubricant and cytokine secretion and gene transcription.
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Liu ST, Chou MY, Wu LC, Horng JL, Lin LY. Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 modulates ion balance through the isotocin pathway in zebrafish (Danio rerio). Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2020; 318:R751-R759. [DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00307.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Isotocin controls ion regulation through modulating the functions of ionocytes (also called mitochondria-rich cells or chloride cells). However, little is known about the upstream molecule of the isotocin system. Herein, we identify transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4), which regulates the mRNA and protein expressions of isotocin and affects ion regulation through the isotocin pathway. Double immunohistochemical results showed that TRPV4 is expressed in isotocinergic neurons in the hypothalamus of the adult zebrafish brain. To further elucidate the roles of TRPV4, we manipulated TRPV4 protein expression and evaluated its ionoregulatory functions in zebrafish embryos. TRPV4 gene knockdown with morpholino oligonucleotides decreased ionic contents (Na+, Cl−, and Ca2+) of whole larvae and the H+-secreting function of larval skin of zebrafish. mRNA expressions of ionocyte-related transporters, including H+-ATPase, the epithelial Ca2+ channel, and the Na+-Cl− cotransporter, were also suppressed in trpv4 morphants. Numbers of ionocytes (H+-ATPase-rich cells and Na+-K+-ATPase-rich cells) and epidermal stem cells in zebrafish larval skin also decreased after trpv4 knockdown. Our results showed that TRPV4 modulates ion balance through the isotocin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sian-Tai Liu
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Yi Chou
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Chun Wu
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jiun-Lin Horng
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Yih Lin
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Yan JF, Qin WP, Xiao BC, Wan QQ, Tay FR, Niu LN, Jiao K. Pathological calcification in osteoarthritis: an outcome or a disease initiator? Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2020; 95:960-985. [PMID: 32207559 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In the progression of osteoarthritis, pathological calcification in the affected joint is an important feature. The role of these crystallites in the pathogenesis and progression of osteoarthritis is controversial; it remains unclear whether they act as a disease initiator or are present as a result of joint damage. Recent studies reported that the molecular mechanisms regulating physiological calcification of skeletal tissues are similar to those regulating pathological or ectopic calcification of soft tissues. Pathological calcification takes place when the equilibrium is disrupted. Calcium phosphate crystallites are identified in most affected joints and the presence of these crystallites is closely correlated with the extent of joint destruction. These observations suggest that pathological calcification is most likely to be a disease initiator instead of an outcome of osteoarthritis progression. Inhibiting pathological crystallite deposition within joint tissues therefore represents a potential therapeutic target in the management of osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Fei Yan
- Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, 145 changle xi road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Wen-Pin Qin
- Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, 145 changle xi road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Bo-Cheng Xiao
- Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, 145 changle xi road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Qian-Qian Wan
- Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, 145 changle xi road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Franklin R Tay
- Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, 145 changle xi road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China.,Department of Endodontics, College of Graduate Studies, Augusta University, 1430, John Wesley Gilbert Drive, Augusta, GA, 30912, U.S.A
| | - Li-Na Niu
- Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, 145 changle xi road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Kai Jiao
- Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, 145 changle xi road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
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48
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De la Vega RE, Scheu M, Brown LA, Evans CH, Ferreira E, Porter RM. Specific, Sensitive, and Stable Reporting of Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Chondrogenesis. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2020; 25:176-190. [PMID: 30727864 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2018.0295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPACT STATEMENT The promoter characterized in this study has been made accessible as a resource for the skeletal tissue engineering and regenerative medicine community. When combined with suitable reporter vectors, the resulting tools can be used for noninvasive and/or high-throughput screening of test conditions for stimulating chondrogenesis by candidate stem/progenitor cells. As demonstrated in this study, they can also be used with small animal imaging platforms to monitor the chondrogenic activity of implanted progenitors within orthotopic models of bone and cartilage repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodolfo E De la Vega
- 1 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Center for Advanced Orthopaedic Studies, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts.,2 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Maximiliano Scheu
- 1 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Center for Advanced Orthopaedic Studies, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts.,2 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,3 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Clínica Alemana de Santiago, Universidad del Desarrollo, Vitacura, Chile
| | - Lennart A Brown
- 1 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Center for Advanced Orthopaedic Studies, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts.,2 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Christopher H Evans
- 1 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Center for Advanced Orthopaedic Studies, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts.,2 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Elisabeth Ferreira
- 1 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Center for Advanced Orthopaedic Studies, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts.,2 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ryan M Porter
- 1 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Center for Advanced Orthopaedic Studies, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts.,2 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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49
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Li J, Wen AM, Potla R, Benshirim E, Seebarran A, Benz MA, Henry OYF, Matthews BD, Prantil-Baun R, Gilpin SE, Levy O, Ingber DE. AAV-mediated gene therapy targeting TRPV4 mechanotransduction for inhibition of pulmonary vascular leakage. APL Bioeng 2019; 3:046103. [PMID: 31803860 PMCID: PMC6887658 DOI: 10.1063/1.5122967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Enhanced vascular permeability in the lungs can lead to pulmonary edema, impaired gas exchange, and ultimately respiratory failure. While oxygen delivery, mechanical ventilation, and pressure-reducing medications help alleviate these symptoms, they do not treat the underlying disease. Mechanical activation of transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) ion channels contributes to the development of pulmonary vascular disease, and overexpression of the high homology (HH) domain of the TRPV4-associated transmembrane protein CD98 has been shown to inhibit this pathway. Here, we describe the development of an adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector encoding the CD98 HH domain in which the AAV serotypes and promoters have been optimized for efficient and specific delivery to pulmonary cells. AAV-mediated gene delivery of the CD98 HH domain inhibited TRPV4 mechanotransduction in a specific manner and protected against pulmonary vascular leakage in a human lung Alveolus-on-a-Chip model. As AAV has been used clinically to deliver other gene therapies, these data raise the possibility of using this type of targeted approach to develop mechanotherapeutics that target the TRPV4 pathway for treatment of pulmonary edema in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Li
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Amy M Wen
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | | | | | | | - Maximilian A Benz
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Olivier Y F Henry
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | | | - Rachelle Prantil-Baun
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Sarah E Gilpin
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Oren Levy
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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50
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Atobe M. Activation of Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid (TRPV) 4 as a Therapeutic Strategy in Osteoarthritis. Curr Top Med Chem 2019; 19:2254-2267. [DOI: 10.2174/1568026619666191010162850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV) 4 belongs to the TRPV subfamily of TRP ion
channels. TRPV4 channels play a critical role in chondrocytes and thus TRPV4 is an attractive target of
Disease-Modifying Osteoarthritis Drugs (DMOADs). Initial investigations of small molecules by Glaxo
Smith Klein (GSK) as both agonists and antagonists via oral/intravenous administration have led to the
use of existing agonists as lead compounds for biological studies. Our recent results suggest that local
injection of a TRPV4 agonist is a potential treatment for osteoarthritis (OA). This review briefly summarizes
updates regarding TRPV4 agonists based on recent advances in drug discovery, and particularly
the local administration of TRPV4 agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masakazu Atobe
- Laboratory for Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Research Center, Asahi Kasei Pharma Corporation, 632-1 Mifuku, Izunokuni, Shizuoka 410-2321, Japan
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