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Matzkin ME, Beguerie C, De Zuñiga I, Martinez G, Frungieri MB. Impact of COVID-19 on sperm quality and the prostaglandin and polyamine systems in the seminal fluid. Andrology 2024; 12:1078-1095. [PMID: 37873918 DOI: 10.1111/andr.13548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The implications of SARS-CoV-2 infection on male fertility remain largely unknown. Besides their well-known pro- and anti-inflammatory actions, prostaglandins and polyamines are present in semen, where they play key roles in sperm quality. OBJECTIVES To analyze semen parameters, oxidative profile and the seminal fluid prostaglandin and polyamine systems in samples collected from individuals without coronavirus disease 2019 diagnosis and men who recovered from coronavirus disease 2019. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study compared semen collected from men without positive coronavirus disease 2019 diagnosis with samples obtained from individuals 1-6 months and 7-30 months post SARS-CoV-2 infection. Semen parameters, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, cyclooxygenase 2 expression by fluorescence immunocytochemistry and immunoblotting, prostaglandin levels by enzyme immunoassay, ornithine decarboxylase activity by a radioactive assay, and polyamine and acetylated polyamine levels by thin-layer chromatography were assessed. RESULTS In both groups of semen samples from coronavirus disease 2019 recovered men, sperm vitality, total and progressive sperm motility, and putrescine levels were significantly decreased when compared with samples from the uninfected group. In contrast, lipid peroxidation, leukocyte-associated cyclooxygenase 2 expression, and prostaglandin D2 levels were higher in semen from coronavirus disease 2019 recovered men than in samples from uninfected individuals. While sperm concentration and morphology, ornithine decarboxylase activity, and N-acetylputrescine levels were statistically diminished in semen obtained up to 6 months after coronavirus disease 2019 recovery, these parameters remained unchanged when samples were collected 7-30 months after coronavirus disease 2019 recovery. Coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination did not show negative effects on any of the parameters evaluated. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Our work provides insights into the detrimental impact of coronavirus disease 2019 on several sperm parameters, in some cases, even more than a year after SARS-CoV-2 infection, which would be accompanied by alterations in the seminal fluid prostaglandin and polyamine profiles. Therefore, future treatments targeting the prostaglandin and polyamine pathways in coronavirus disease 2019 recovered men could lead to a successful reinstatement of semen parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Eugenia Matzkin
- Laboratorio de Neuro-inmuno-endocrinología testicular, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Fundación IBYME, CONICET, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Cátedra 1, Bioquímica Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Celina Beguerie
- Fertilis Medicina Reproductiva, San Isidro, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Gustavo Martinez
- Fertilis Medicina Reproductiva, San Isidro, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mónica Beatriz Frungieri
- Laboratorio de Neuro-inmuno-endocrinología testicular, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Fundación IBYME, CONICET, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Cátedra de Química, Ciclo Básico Común, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Cimadomo D, Cobo A, Galliano D, Fiorentino G, Marconetto A, Zuccotti M, Rienzi L. Oocyte vitrification for fertility preservation is an evolving practice requiring a new mindset: societal, technical, clinical, and basic science-driven evolutions. Fertil Steril 2024:S0015-0282(24)00004-9. [PMID: 38185200 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2024.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Infertility is a condition with profound social implications. Indeed, it is not surprising that evolutions in both medicine and society affect the way in vitro fertilization is practiced. The keywords in modern medicine are the four principles, which implicitly involve a constant update of our knowledge and our technologies to fulfill the "prediction" and "personalization" tasks, and a continuous reshaping of our mindset in view of all relevant societal changes to fulfill the "prevention" and "participation" tasks. A worldwide aging population whose life priorities are changing requires that we invest in fertility education, spreading actionable information to allow women and men to make meaningful reproductive choices. Fertility preservation for both medical and nonmedical reasons is still very much overlooked in many countries worldwide, demanding a comprehensive update of our approach, starting from academia and in vitro fertilization laboratories, passing through medical offices, and reaching out to social media. Reproduction medicine should evolve from being a clinical practice to treat a condition to being a holistic approach to guarantee patients' reproductive health and well-being. Oocyte vitrification for fertility preservation is the perfect use case for this transition. This tool is acquiring a new identity to comply with novel indications and social needs, persisting technical challenges, brand-new clinical technologies, and novel revolutions coming from academia. This "views and reviews" piece aims at outlining the advancement of oocyte vitrification from all these tightly connected perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo Cimadomo
- Clinica Valle Giulia, IVIRMA Global Research Alliance, Genera, Rome, Italy
| | - Ana Cobo
- IVI, IVIRMA Global Research Alliance, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Giulia Fiorentino
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Anabella Marconetto
- University Institute of Reproductive Medicine, National University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Maurizio Zuccotti
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Laura Rienzi
- Clinica Valle Giulia, IVIRMA Global Research Alliance, Genera, Rome, Italy; Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", Urbino, Italy.
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Zhang Y, Bai J, Cui Z, Li Y, Gao Q, Miao Y, Xiong B. Polyamine metabolite spermidine rejuvenates oocyte quality by enhancing mitophagy during female reproductive aging. NATURE AGING 2023; 3:1372-1386. [PMID: 37845508 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-023-00498-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Advanced age is a primary risk factor for female infertility due to reduced ovarian reserve and declining oocyte quality. However, as an important contributing factor, the role of metabolic regulation during reproductive aging is poorly understood. Here, we applied untargeted metabolomics to identify spermidine as a critical metabolite in ovaries to protect oocytes against aging. In particular, we found that the spermidine level was reduced in ovaries of aged mice and that supplementation with spermidine promoted follicle development, oocyte maturation, early embryonic development and female fertility of aged mice. By microtranscriptomic analysis, we further discovered that spermidine-induced recovery of oocyte quality was mediated by enhancement of mitophagy activity and mitochondrial function in aged mice, and this mechanism of action was conserved in porcine oocytes under oxidative stress. Altogether, our findings suggest that spermidine supplementation could represent a therapeutic strategy to ameliorate oocyte quality and reproductive outcome in cis-gender women and other persons trying to conceive at an advanced age. Future work is needed to test whether this approach can be safely and effectively translated to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Bai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhaokang Cui
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qian Gao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yilong Miao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bo Xiong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
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4
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Kato M, Maeda K, Nakahara R, Hirose H, Kondo A, Aki S, Sugaya M, Hibino S, Nishida M, Hasegawa M, Morita H, Ando R, Tsuchida R, Yoshida M, Kodama T, Yanai H, Shimamura T, Osawa T. Acidic extracellular pH drives accumulation of N1-acetylspermidine and recruitment of protumor neutrophils. PNAS NEXUS 2023; 2:pgad306. [PMID: 37822765 PMCID: PMC10563787 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgad306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
An acidic tumor microenvironment plays a critical role in tumor progression. However, understanding of metabolic reprogramming of tumors in response to acidic extracellular pH has remained elusive. Using comprehensive metabolomic analyses, we demonstrated that acidic extracellular pH (pH 6.8) leads to the accumulation of N1-acetylspermidine, a protumor metabolite, through up-regulation of the expression of spermidine/spermine acetyltransferase 1 (SAT1). Inhibition of SAT1 expression suppressed the accumulation of intra- and extracellular N1-acetylspermidine at acidic pH. Conversely, overexpression of SAT1 increased intra- and extracellular N1-acetylspermidine levels, supporting the proposal that SAT1 is responsible for accumulation of N1-acetylspermidine. While inhibition of SAT1 expression only had a minor effect on cancer cell growth in vitro, SAT1 knockdown significantly decreased tumor growth in vivo, supporting a contribution of the SAT1-N1-acetylspermidine axis to protumor immunity. Immune cell profiling revealed that inhibition of SAT1 expression decreased neutrophil recruitment to the tumor, resulting in impaired angiogenesis and tumor growth. We showed that antineutrophil-neutralizing antibodies suppressed growth in control tumors to a similar extent to that seen in SAT1 knockdown tumors in vivo. Further, a SAT1 signature was found to be correlated with poor patient prognosis. Our findings demonstrate that extracellular acidity stimulates recruitment of protumor neutrophils via the SAT1-N1-acetylspermidine axis, which may represent a metabolic target for antitumor immune therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miki Kato
- Division of Nutriomics and Oncology, RCAST, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Keisuke Maeda
- Division of Nutriomics and Oncology, RCAST, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Nakahara
- Division of Nutriomics and Oncology, RCAST, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Haruka Hirose
- Department of Systems Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya 466-8550, Japanxs
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Ayano Kondo
- Research Unit, R&D Division, Kyowa Kirin Co., Ltd., Tokyo 100-0004, Japan
| | - Sho Aki
- Division of Nutriomics and Oncology, RCAST, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Maki Sugaya
- Division of Nutriomics and Oncology, RCAST, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Sana Hibino
- Department of Inflammology, RCAST, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Miyuki Nishida
- Division of Nutriomics and Oncology, RCAST, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Manami Hasegawa
- Division of Nutriomics and Oncology, RCAST, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Hinano Morita
- College of Natural Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austion, TX 78712, USA
| | - Ritsuko Ando
- Division of Nutriomics and Oncology, RCAST, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Rika Tsuchida
- Division of Nutriomics and Oncology, RCAST, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Minoru Yoshida
- Chemical Genomics Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Kodama
- Division of Nutriomics and Oncology, RCAST, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Yanai
- Department of Inflammology, RCAST, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Teppei Shimamura
- Department of Systems Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Osawa
- Division of Nutriomics and Oncology, RCAST, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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Oral Supplementation with the Polyamine Spermidine Affects Hepatic but Not Pulmonary Lipid Metabolism in Lean but Not Obese Mice. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14204318. [PMID: 36297003 PMCID: PMC9611404 DOI: 10.3390/nu14204318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The polyamine spermidine is discussed as a caloric restriction mimetic and therapeutic option for obesity and related comorbidities. This study tested oral spermidine supplementation with regard to the systemic, hepatic and pulmonary lipid metabolism under different diet conditions. Male C57BL/6 mice were fed a purified control (CD), high sucrose (HSD) or high fat (HFD) diet with (-S) or without spermidine for 30 weeks. In CD-fed mice, spermidine decreased body and adipose tissue weights and reduced hepatic lipid content. The HSD induced hepatic lipid synthesis and accumulation and hypercholesterolemia. This was not affected by spermidine supplementation, but body weight and blood glucose were lower in HSD-S compared to HSD. HFD-fed mice showed higher body and fat depot weights, prediabetes, hypercholesterolemia and severe liver steatosis, which were not altered by spermidine. Within the liver, spermidine diminished hepatic expression of lipogenic transcription factors SREBF1 and 2 under HSD and HFD and affected the expression of other lipid-related enzymes. In contrast, diet and spermidine exerted only minor effects on pulmonary parameters. Thus, oral spermidine supplementation affects lipid metabolism in a diet-dependent manner, with significant reductions in body fat and weight under physiological nutrition and positive effects on weight and blood glucose under high sucrose intake, but no impact on dietary fat-related parameters.
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Velenosi TJ, Krausz KW, Hamada K, Dorsey TH, Ambs S, Takahashi S, Gonzalez FJ. Pharmacometabolomics reveals urinary diacetylspermine as a biomarker of doxorubicin effectiveness in triple negative breast cancer. NPJ Precis Oncol 2022; 6:70. [PMID: 36207498 PMCID: PMC9547066 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-022-00313-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients receive chemotherapy treatment, including doxorubicin, due to the lack of targeted therapies. Drug resistance is a major cause of treatment failure in TNBC and therefore, there is a need to identify biomarkers that determine effective drug response. A pharmacometabolomics study was performed using doxorubicin sensitive and resistant TNBC patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models to detect urinary metabolic biomarkers of treatment effectiveness. Evaluation of metabolite production was assessed by directly studying tumor levels in TNBC-PDX mice and human subjects. Metabolic flux leading to biomarker production was determined using stable isotope-labeled tracers in TNBC-PDX ex vivo tissue slices. Findings were validated in 12-h urine samples from control (n = 200), ER+/PR+ (n = 200), ER+/PR+/HER2+ (n = 36), HER2+ (n = 81) and TNBC (n = 200) subjects. Diacetylspermine was identified as a urine metabolite that robustly changed in response to effective doxorubicin treatment, which persisted after the final dose. Urine diacetylspermine was produced by the tumor and correlated with tumor volume. Ex vivo tumor slices revealed that doxorubicin directly increases diacetylspermine production by increasing tumor spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase 1 expression and activity, which was corroborated by elevated polyamine flux. In breast cancer patients, tumor diacetylspermine was elevated compared to matched non-cancerous tissue and increased in HER2+ and TNBC compared to ER+ subtypes. Urine diacetylspermine was associated with breast cancer tumor volume and poor tumor grade. This study describes a pharmacometabolomics strategy for identifying cancer metabolic biomarkers that indicate drug response. Our findings characterize urine diacetylspermine as a non-invasive biomarker of doxorubicin effectiveness in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J Velenosi
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA. .,Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Kristopher W Krausz
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Keisuke Hamada
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Tiffany H Dorsey
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Stefan Ambs
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Shogo Takahashi
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Frank J Gonzalez
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Spermine Suppresses Adipocyte Differentiation and Exerts Anti-Obesity Effects In Vitro and In Vivo. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911818. [PMID: 36233120 PMCID: PMC9569936 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Endogenous polyamines such as putrescine (Put), spermidine (Spd), and spermine (Spm) affect adipocyte differentiation. In this study, we investigated the effect of exogenously supplemented polyamines on mouse adipocyte differentiation and anti-obesity actions in vitro and in vivo. The preadipocyte cell line, 3T3-L1, was cultured with Put, Spd, or Spm, and lipid accumulation in the cells was measured by Oil Red O staining. Lipid accumulation was significantly suppressed by Spm. Suppression of CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α mRNA by Spm suggested that the decreased lipid accumulation was due to delaying the cell differentiation. The body weight and fat of obese mice induced with a high-fat diet were reduced by oral ingestion of Spm. In conclusion, oral supplementation of Spm has the ability to prevent obesity through inhibition of adipocyte differentiation.
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8
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Douglas EJA, Alkhzem AH, Wonfor T, Li S, Woodman TJ, Blagbrough IS, Laabei M. Antibacterial activity of novel linear polyamines against Staphylococcus aureus. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:948343. [PMID: 36071957 PMCID: PMC9441809 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.948343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
New therapeutic options are urgently required for the treatment of Staphylococcus aureus infections. Accordingly, we sought to exploit the vulnerability of S. aureus to naturally occurring polyamines. We have developed and tested the anti-staphylococcal activity of three novel linear polyamines based on spermine and norspermine. Using a panel of genetically distinct and clinically relevant multidrug resistant S. aureus isolates, including the polyamine resistant USA300 strain LAC, compound AHA-1394 showed a greater than 128-fold increase in inhibition against specific S. aureus strains compared to the most active natural polyamine. Furthermore, we show that AHA-1394 has superior biofilm prevention and biofilm dispersal properties compared to natural polyamines while maintaining minimal toxicity toward human HepG2 cells. We examined the potential of S. aureus to gain resistance to AHA-1394 following in vitro serial passage. Whole genome sequencing of two stable resistant mutants identified a gain of function mutation (S337L) in the phosphatidylglycerol lysyltransferase mprF gene. Inactivation of mutant mprF confirmed the importance of this allele to AHA-1394 resistance. Importantly, AHA-1394 resistant mutants showed a marked decrease in relative fitness and increased generation time. Intriguingly, mprF::S337L contributed to altered surface charge only in the USA300 background whereas increased cell wall thickness was observed in both USA300 and SH1000. Lastly, we show that AHA-1394 displays a particular proclivity for antibiotic potentiation, restoring sensitivity of MRSA and VRSA isolates to daptomycin, oxacillin and vancomycin. Together this study shows that polyamine derivatives are impressive drug candidates that warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward J. A. Douglas
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Abdulaziz H. Alkhzem
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Toska Wonfor
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Shuxian Li
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy J. Woodman
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Ian S. Blagbrough
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Maisem Laabei
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Maisem Laabei,
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Wang CH, Ling HH, Liu MH, Pan YP, Chang PH, Lin YC, Chou WC, Peng CL, Yeh KY. Treatment-Interval Changes in Serum Levels of Albumin and Histidine Correlated with Treatment Interruption in Patients with Locally Advanced Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Completing Chemoradiotherapy under Recommended Calorie and Protein Provision. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14133112. [PMID: 35804884 PMCID: PMC9264877 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14133112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated risk factors for treatment interruption (TI) in patients with locally advanced head and neck squamous-cell carcinoma (LAHNSCC) following concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT), under the provision of recommended calorie and protein intake; we also evaluated the associations between clinicopathological variables, calorie and protein supply, nutrition–inflammation biomarkers (NIBs), total body composition change (TBC), and a four-serum-amino-acid metabolite panel (histidine, leucine, ornithine, and phenylalanine) among these patients. Patients with LAHNSCC who completed the entire planned CCRT course and received at least 25 kcal/kg/day and 1 g of protein/kg/day during CCRT were prospectively recruited. Clinicopathological variables, anthropometric data, blood NIBs, CCRT-related factors, TBC data, and metabolite panels before and after treatment were collected; 44 patients with LAHNSCC were enrolled. Nine patients (20.4%) experienced TIs. Patients with TIs experienced greater reductions in hemoglobin, serum levels of albumin, uric acid, histidine, and appendicular skeletal mass, and suffered from more grade 3/4 toxicities than those with no TI. Neither increased daily calorie supply (≥30 kcal/kg/day) nor feeding tube placement was correlated with TI. Multivariate analysis showed that treatment-interval changes in serum albumin and histidine levels, but not treatment toxicity, were independently associated with TI. Thus, changes in serum levels of albumin and histidine over the treatment course could cause TI in patients with LAHNSCC following CCRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Hung Wang
- Heart Failure Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung 20401, Taiwan; (C.-H.W.); (M.-H.L.)
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333007, Taiwan; (H.H.L.); (P.-H.C.); (Y.-C.L.); (W.-C.C.)
| | - Hang Huong Ling
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333007, Taiwan; (H.H.L.); (P.-H.C.); (Y.-C.L.); (W.-C.C.)
- Division of Hemato-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Keelung 20401, Taiwan
| | - Min-Hui Liu
- Heart Failure Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung 20401, Taiwan; (C.-H.W.); (M.-H.L.)
- Department of Nursing, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung 20401, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ping Pan
- Department of Nutrition, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung 20401, Taiwan;
| | - Pei-Hung Chang
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333007, Taiwan; (H.H.L.); (P.-H.C.); (Y.-C.L.); (W.-C.C.)
- Division of Hemato-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Keelung 20401, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ching Lin
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333007, Taiwan; (H.H.L.); (P.-H.C.); (Y.-C.L.); (W.-C.C.)
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Keelung 20401, Taiwan
- Osteoporosis Prevention and Treatment Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung 20401, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chi Chou
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333007, Taiwan; (H.H.L.); (P.-H.C.); (Y.-C.L.); (W.-C.C.)
- Division of Hemato-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan 333007, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Lin Peng
- Taiwan Nutraceutical Association, Taipei 104483, Taiwan;
| | - Kun-Yun Yeh
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333007, Taiwan; (H.H.L.); (P.-H.C.); (Y.-C.L.); (W.-C.C.)
- Division of Hemato-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Keelung 20401, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-24329292 (ext. 2360); Fax: +886-2-2435342
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Rieck J, Skatchkov SN, Derst C, Eaton MJ, Veh RW. Unique Chemistry, Intake, and Metabolism of Polyamines in the Central Nervous System (CNS) and Its Body. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12040501. [PMID: 35454090 PMCID: PMC9025450 DOI: 10.3390/biom12040501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyamines (PAs) are small, versatile molecules with two or more nitrogen-containing positively charged groups and provide widespread biological functions. Most of these aspects are well known and covered by quite a number of excellent surveys. Here, the present review includes novel aspects and questions: (1) It summarizes the role of most natural and some important synthetic PAs. (2) It depicts PA uptake from nutrition and bacterial production in the intestinal system following loss of PAs via defecation. (3) It highlights the discrepancy between the high concentrations of PAs in the gut lumen and their low concentration in the blood plasma and cerebrospinal fluid, while concentrations in cellular cytoplasm are much higher. (4) The present review provides a novel and complete scheme for the biosynthesis of Pas, including glycine, glutamate, proline and others as PA precursors, and provides a hypothesis that the agmatine pathway may rescue putrescine production when ODC knockout seems to be lethal (solving the apparent contradiction in the literature). (5) It summarizes novel data on PA transport in brain glial cells explaining why these cells but not neurons preferentially accumulate PAs. (6) Finally, it provides a novel and complete scheme for PA interconversion, including hypusine, putreanine, and GABA (unique gliotransmitter) as end-products. Altogether, this review can serve as an updated contribution to understanding the PA mystery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Rieck
- Institut für Zell- und Neurobiologie, Centrum 2, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Serguei N. Skatchkov
- Department of Physiology, Universidad Central del Caribe, Bayamón, PR 00956, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidad Central del Caribe, Bayamón, PR 00956, USA;
- Correspondence: (S.N.S.); (R.W.V.)
| | - Christian Derst
- Institut für Integrative Neuroanatomie, Centrum 2, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Misty J. Eaton
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidad Central del Caribe, Bayamón, PR 00956, USA;
| | - Rüdiger W. Veh
- Institut für Zell- und Neurobiologie, Centrum 2, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117 Berlin, Germany;
- Correspondence: (S.N.S.); (R.W.V.)
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11
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Polyamine Immunometabolism: Central Regulators of Inflammation, Cancer and Autoimmunity. Cells 2022; 11:cells11050896. [PMID: 35269518 PMCID: PMC8909056 DOI: 10.3390/cells11050896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyamines are ubiquitous, amine-rich molecules with diverse processes in biology. Recent work has highlighted that polyamines exert profound roles on the mammalian immune system, particularly inflammation and cancer. The mechanisms by which they control immunity are still being described. In the context of inflammation and autoimmunity, polyamine levels inversely correlate to autoimmune phenotypes, with lower polyamine levels associated with higher inflammatory responses. Conversely, in the context of cancer, polyamines and polyamine biosynthetic genes positively correlate with the severity of malignancy. Blockade of polyamine metabolism in cancer results in reduced tumor growth, and the effects appear to be mediated by an increase in T-cell infiltration and a pro-inflammatory phenotype of macrophages. These studies suggest that polyamine depletion leads to inflammation and that polyamine enrichment potentiates myeloid cell immune suppression. Indeed, combinatorial treatment with polyamine blockade and immunotherapy has shown efficacy in pre-clinical models of cancer. Considering the efficacy of immunotherapies is linked to autoimmune sequelae in humans, termed immune-adverse related events (iAREs), this suggests that polyamine levels may govern the inflammatory response to immunotherapies. This review proposes that polyamine metabolism acts to balance autoimmune inflammation and anti-tumor immunity and that polyamine levels can be used to monitor immune responses and responsiveness to immunotherapy.
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12
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Dysregulation of S-adenosylmethionine Metabolism in Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Leads to Polyamine Flux and Oxidative Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23041986. [PMID: 35216100 PMCID: PMC8878801 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23041986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the number one cause of chronic liver disease worldwide, with 25% of these patients developing nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). NASH significantly increases the risk of cirrhosis and decompensated liver failure. Past studies in rodent models have shown that glycine-N-methyltransferase (GNMT) knockout results in rapid steatosis, fibrosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma progression. However, the attenuation of GNMT in subjects with NASH and the molecular basis for its impact on the disease process is still unclear. To address this knowledge gap, we show the reduction of GNMT protein levels in the liver of NASH subjects compared to healthy controls. To gain insight into the impact of decreased GNMT in the disease process, we performed global label-free proteome studies on the livers from a murine modified amylin diet-based model of NASH. Histological and molecular characterization of the animal model demonstrate a high resemblance to human disease. We found that a reduction of GNMT leads to a significant increase in S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet), an essential metabolite for transmethylation reactions and a substrate for polyamine synthesis. Further targeted proteomic and metabolomic studies demonstrated a decrease in GNMT transmethylation, increased flux through the polyamine pathway, and increased oxidative stress production contributing to NASH pathogenesis.
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13
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Differential Expression of Polyamine Pathways in Human Pancreatic Tumor Progression and Effects of Polyamine Blockade on Tumor Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13246391. [PMID: 34945011 PMCID: PMC8699198 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13246391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Pancreatic cancer has a five-year survival rate of less than 8% and is the fourth leading cause of cancer death in the United States. Existing therapeutics have failed to improve pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patient outcomes. There has been success with other tumor types in targeting aberrant polyamine upregulation as a therapeutic strategy. The present study identified dysregulation of polyamine pathways to be evident in human PDAC progression. Additionally, reduced survival of pancreatic cancer patients was associated with increased expression of specific polyamine-related genes. Polyamine blockade therapy significantly increased overall survival of pancreatic tumor-bearing mice, along with macrophage presence (F4/80) and significantly increased T-cell co-stimulatory marker (CD86) in the tumor microenvironment. Based on these findings, we hypothesized that a polyamine blockade therapy could potentially prime the tumor microenvironment to be more susceptible to existing therapeutics. Future studies which test polyamine blockade therapy with existing therapeutics could increase the molecular tools available to treat PDAC. Abstract Pancreatic cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer death. Existing therapies only moderately improve pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patient prognosis. The present study investigates the importance of the polyamine metabolism in the pancreatic tumor microenvironment. Relative mRNA expression analysis identified differential expression of polyamine biosynthesis, homeostasis, and transport mediators in both pancreatic epithelial and stromal cells from low-grade pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN-1) or primary PDAC patient samples. We found dysregulated mRNA levels that encode for proteins associated with the polyamine pathway of PDAC tumors compared to early lesions. Next, bioinformatic databases were used to assess expression of select genes involved in polyamine metabolism and their impact on patient survival. Higher expression of pro-polyamine genes was associated with poor patient prognosis, supporting the use of a polyamine blockade therapy (PBT) strategy for inhibiting pancreatic tumor progression. Moreover, PBT treatment of syngeneic mice injected intra-pancreatic with PAN 02 tumor cells resulted in increased survival and decreased tumor weights of PDAC-bearing mice. Histological assessment of PBT-treated tumors revealed macrophage presence and significantly increased expression of CD86, a T cell co-stimulatory marker. Collectively, therapies which target polyamine metabolism can be used to disrupt tumor progression, modulate tumor microenvironment, and extend overall survival.
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14
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Choksomngam Y, Pattanakuhar S, Chattipakorn N, Chattipakorn SC. The metabolic role of spermidine in obesity: Evidence from cells to community. Obes Res Clin Pract 2021; 15:315-326. [PMID: 34217652 DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2021.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Spermidine is a natural polyamine existing in all living cells known to play an important role in cellular functions. Recently, several studies have reported the effect of alterations in the spermidine pool on metabolic pathways. It has been shown that activation of spermidine/spermine N-1-acetyl-transferase (SSAT), the rate-limiting enzyme in polyamine catabolism, improved glucose and lipid metabolism. In addition, spermidine supplementation has been shown to protect against diet-induced obesity in animal models. However, some clinical studies demonstrated that polyamine levels are increased in childhood obesity and metabolic syndrome patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM), while polyamine-rich food is associated with a lower incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Therefore, this review aims to summarize and discuss the evidence from in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies on the possible roles of spermidine on metabolic pathways under physiological and obese conditions. All consistent and inconsistent findings are discussed and further studies aiming to fill any gaps in the knowledge are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanee Choksomngam
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Sintip Pattanakuhar
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nipon Chattipakorn
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Siriporn C Chattipakorn
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
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15
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McNamara KM, Gobert AP, Wilson KT. The role of polyamines in gastric cancer. Oncogene 2021; 40:4399-4412. [PMID: 34108618 PMCID: PMC8262120 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-01862-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Advancements in our understanding of polyamine molecular and cellular functions have led to increased interest in targeting polyamine metabolism for anticancer therapeutic benefits. The polyamines putrescine, spermidine, and spermine are polycationic alkylamines commonly found in all living cells and are essential for cellular growth and survival. This review summarizes the existing research on polyamine metabolism and function, specifically the role of polyamines in gastric immune cell and epithelial cell function. Polyamines have been implicated in a multitude of cancers, but in this review, we focus on the role of polyamine dysregulation in the context of Helicobacter pylori-induced gastritis and subsequent progression to gastric cancer. Due to the emerging implication of polyamines in cancer development, there is an increasing number of promising clinical trials using agents to target the polyamine metabolic pathway for potential chemoprevention and anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kara M. McNamara
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA,Program in Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Alain P. Gobert
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA,Center for Mucosal Inflammation and Cancer, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Keith T. Wilson
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA,Program in Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA,Center for Mucosal Inflammation and Cancer, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA,Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA,Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN, USA
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16
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Le VTB, Tsimbalyuk S, Lim EQ, Solis A, Gawat D, Boeck P, Lim EQ, Renolo R, Forwood JK, Kuhn ML. The Vibrio cholerae SpeG Spermidine/Spermine N-Acetyltransferase Allosteric Loop and β6-β7 Structural Elements Are Critical for Kinetic Activity. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:645768. [PMID: 33928120 PMCID: PMC8076852 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.645768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyamines regulate many important biological processes including gene expression, intracellular signaling, and biofilm formation. Their intracellular concentrations are tightly regulated by polyamine transport systems and biosynthetic and catabolic pathways. Spermidine/spermine N-acetyltransferases (SSATs) are catabolic enzymes that acetylate polyamines and are critical for maintaining intracellular polyamine homeostasis. These enzymes belong to the Gcn5-related N-acetyltransferase (GNAT) superfamily and adopt a highly conserved fold found across all kingdoms of life. SpeG is an SSAT protein found in a variety of bacteria, including the human pathogen Vibrio cholerae. This protein adopts a dodecameric structure and contains an allosteric site, making it unique compared to other SSATs. Currently, we have a limited understanding of the critical structural components of this protein that are required for its allosteric behavior. Therefore, we explored the importance of two key regions of the SpeG protein on its kinetic activity. To achieve this, we created various constructs of the V. cholerae SpeG protein, including point mutations, a deletion, and chimeras with residues from the structurally distinct and non-allosteric human SSAT protein. We measured enzyme kinetic activity toward spermine for ten constructs and crystallized six of them. Ultimately, we identified specific portions of the allosteric loop and the β6-β7 structural elements that were critical for enzyme kinetic activity. These results provide a framework for further study of the structure/function relationship of SpeG enzymes from other organisms and clues toward the structural evolution of members of the GNAT family across domains of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van Thi Bich Le
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Sofiya Tsimbalyuk
- School of Biomedical Science, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia
| | - Ee Qi Lim
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Allan Solis
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Darwin Gawat
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Paloma Boeck
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Ee Qing Lim
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Rosselini Renolo
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Jade K. Forwood
- School of Biomedical Science, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia
| | - Misty L. Kuhn
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA, United States
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17
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Gamble LD, Purgato S, Murray J, Xiao L, Yu DMT, Hanssen KM, Giorgi FM, Carter DR, Gifford AJ, Valli E, Milazzo G, Kamili A, Mayoh C, Liu B, Eden G, Sarraf S, Allan S, Di Giacomo S, Flemming CL, Russell AJ, Cheung BB, Oberthuer A, London WB, Fischer M, Trahair TN, Fletcher JI, Marshall GM, Ziegler DS, Hogarty MD, Burns MR, Perini G, Norris MD, Haber M. Inhibition of polyamine synthesis and uptake reduces tumor progression and prolongs survival in mouse models of neuroblastoma. Sci Transl Med 2020; 11:11/477/eaau1099. [PMID: 30700572 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aau1099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Amplification of the MYCN oncogene is associated with an aggressive phenotype and poor outcome in childhood neuroblastoma. Polyamines are highly regulated essential cations that are frequently elevated in cancer cells, and the rate-limiting enzyme in polyamine synthesis, ornithine decarboxylase 1 (ODC1), is a direct transcriptional target of MYCN. Treatment of neuroblastoma cells with the ODC1 inhibitor difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), although a promising therapeutic strategy, is only partially effective at impeding neuroblastoma cell growth due to activation of compensatory mechanisms resulting in increased polyamine uptake from the surrounding microenvironment. In this study, we identified solute carrier family 3 member 2 (SLC3A2) as the key transporter involved in polyamine uptake in neuroblastoma. Knockdown of SLC3A2 in neuroblastoma cells reduced the uptake of the radiolabeled polyamine spermidine, and DFMO treatment increased SLC3A2 protein. In addition, MYCN directly increased polyamine synthesis and promoted neuroblastoma cell proliferation by regulating SLC3A2 and other regulatory components of the polyamine pathway. Inhibiting polyamine uptake with the small-molecule drug AMXT 1501, in combination with DFMO, prevented or delayed tumor development in neuroblastoma-prone mice and extended survival in rodent models of established tumors. Our findings suggest that combining AMXT 1501 and DFMO with standard chemotherapy might be an effective strategy for treating neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura D Gamble
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Australia, PO Box 81, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia
| | - Stefania Purgato
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, 40126, Italy
| | - Jayne Murray
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Australia, PO Box 81, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia
| | - Lin Xiao
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Australia, PO Box 81, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia
| | - Denise M T Yu
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Australia, PO Box 81, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia.,School of Women's & Children's Health, UNSW Australia, Randwick, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Kimberley M Hanssen
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Australia, PO Box 81, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia.,School of Women's & Children's Health, UNSW Australia, Randwick, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Federico M Giorgi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, 40126, Italy
| | - Daniel R Carter
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Australia, PO Box 81, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia.,School of Women's & Children's Health, UNSW Australia, Randwick, NSW 2052, Australia.,School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Andrew J Gifford
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Australia, PO Box 81, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia.,School of Women's & Children's Health, UNSW Australia, Randwick, NSW 2052, Australia.,Department of Anatomical Pathology (SEALS), Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia
| | - Emanuele Valli
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Australia, PO Box 81, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia.,School of Women's & Children's Health, UNSW Australia, Randwick, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Giorgio Milazzo
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, 40126, Italy
| | - Alvin Kamili
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Australia, PO Box 81, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia.,School of Women's & Children's Health, UNSW Australia, Randwick, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Chelsea Mayoh
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Australia, PO Box 81, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia.,School of Women's & Children's Health, UNSW Australia, Randwick, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Bing Liu
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Australia, PO Box 81, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia
| | - Georgina Eden
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Australia, PO Box 81, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia
| | - Sara Sarraf
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Australia, PO Box 81, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia
| | - Sophie Allan
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Australia, PO Box 81, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia
| | - Simone Di Giacomo
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, 40126, Italy
| | - Claudia L Flemming
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Australia, PO Box 81, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia
| | - Amanda J Russell
- Cancer Research Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Belamy B Cheung
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Australia, PO Box 81, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia.,School of Women's & Children's Health, UNSW Australia, Randwick, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Andre Oberthuer
- Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University of Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 62, D-50924 Cologne, Germany
| | - Wendy B London
- Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Matthias Fischer
- Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University of Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 62, D-50924 Cologne, Germany
| | - Toby N Trahair
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Australia, PO Box 81, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia.,School of Women's & Children's Health, UNSW Australia, Randwick, NSW 2052, Australia.,Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, High Street, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia
| | - Jamie I Fletcher
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Australia, PO Box 81, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia.,School of Women's & Children's Health, UNSW Australia, Randwick, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Glenn M Marshall
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Australia, PO Box 81, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia.,School of Women's & Children's Health, UNSW Australia, Randwick, NSW 2052, Australia.,Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, High Street, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia
| | - David S Ziegler
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Australia, PO Box 81, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia.,School of Women's & Children's Health, UNSW Australia, Randwick, NSW 2052, Australia.,Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, High Street, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia
| | - Michael D Hogarty
- Division of Oncology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-4318, USA
| | - Mark R Burns
- Aminex Therapeutics, Aminex Therapeutics Inc., Kirkland, WA 98034, USA
| | - Giovanni Perini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, 40126, Italy
| | - Murray D Norris
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Australia, PO Box 81, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia.,University of New South Wales Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Michelle Haber
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Australia, PO Box 81, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia. .,School of Women's & Children's Health, UNSW Australia, Randwick, NSW 2052, Australia
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18
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Bekebrede AF, Keijer J, Gerrits WJJ, de Boer VCJ. The Molecular and Physiological Effects of Protein-Derived Polyamines in the Intestine. Nutrients 2020; 12:E197. [PMID: 31940783 PMCID: PMC7020012 DOI: 10.3390/nu12010197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Consumption of a high-protein diet increases protein entry into the colon. Colonic microbiota can ferment proteins, which results in the production of protein fermentation end-products, like polyamines. This review describes the effects of polyamines on biochemical, cellular and physiological processes, with a focus on the colon. Polyamines (mainly spermine, spermidine, putrescine and cadaverine) are involved in the regulation of protein translation and gene transcription. In this, the spermidine-derived hypusination modification of EIF5A plays an important role. In addition, polyamines regulate metabolic functions. Through hypusination of EIF5A, polyamines also regulate translation of mitochondrial proteins, thereby increasing their expression. They can also induce mitophagy through various pathways, which helps to remove damaged organelles and improves cell survival. In addition, polyamines increase mitochondrial substrate oxidation by increasing mitochondrial Ca2+-levels. Putrescine can even serve as an energy source for enterocytes in the small intestine. By regulating the formation of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore, polyamines help maintain mitochondrial membrane integrity. However, their catabolism may also reduce metabolic functions by depleting intracellular acetyl-CoA levels, or through production of toxic by-products. Lastly, polyamines support gut physiology, by supporting barrier function, inducing gut maturation and increasing longevity. Polyamines thus play many roles, and their impact is strongly tissue- and dose-dependent. However, whether diet-derived increases in colonic luminal polyamine levels also impact intestinal physiology has not been resolved yet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna F. Bekebrede
- Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 WD Wageningen, The Netherlands; (A.F.B.); (J.K.)
- Animal Nutrition Group, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 WD Wageningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Jaap Keijer
- Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 WD Wageningen, The Netherlands; (A.F.B.); (J.K.)
| | - Walter J. J. Gerrits
- Animal Nutrition Group, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 WD Wageningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Vincent C. J. de Boer
- Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 WD Wageningen, The Netherlands; (A.F.B.); (J.K.)
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19
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Zhgun AA, Nuraeva GK, Eldarov MA. The Role of LaeA and LovE Regulators in Lovastatin Biosynthesis with Exogenous Polyamines in Aspergillus terreus. APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683819060176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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20
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Sun L, Yang J, Qin Y, Wang Y, Wu H, Zhou Y, Cao C. Discovery and antitumor evaluation of novel inhibitors of spermine oxidase. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2019; 34:1140-1151. [PMID: 31159606 PMCID: PMC6567099 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2019.1621863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing knowledge of the relationship between cancer and dysregulated polyamine catabolism suggests interfering with aberrant polyamine metabolism for anticancer therapy that will have considerable clinical promise. SMO (spermine oxidase) plays an essential role in regulating the polyamines homeostasis. Therefore, development of SMO inhibitors has increasingly attracted much attention. Previously, we successfully purified and characterised SMO. Here, we presented an in silico drug discovery pipeline by combining pharmacophore modelling and molecular docking for the virtual screening of SMO inhibitors. In vitro evaluation showed that N-(3-{[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]amino}propyl)-8-quinolinecarboxamide (SI-4650) inhibited SMO enzyme activity, increased substrate spermine content and reduced product spermidine content, indicating that SI-4650 can interfere with polyamine metabolism. Furthermore, SI-4650 treatment suppressed cell proliferation and migration. Mechanistically, SI-4650 caused cell cycle arrest, induced cell apoptosis, and promoted autophagy. These results demonstrated the properties of interfering with polyamine metabolism of SI-4650 as a SMO inhibitor and the potential for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidan Sun
- College of Chemical Engineering and Material Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Jianlin Yang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumour Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University Medical College, Yichang, China
| | - Yu Qin
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumour Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University Medical College, Yichang, China
| | - Yanlin Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumour Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University Medical College, Yichang, China
| | - Hongyan Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumour Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University Medical College, Yichang, China
| | - You Zhou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumour Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University Medical College, Yichang, China
| | - Chunyu Cao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumour Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University Medical College, Yichang, China
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21
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Schipke J, Vital M, Schnapper-Isl A, Pieper DH, Mühlfeld C. Spermidine and Voluntary Activity Exert Differential Effects on Sucrose- Compared with Fat-Induced Systemic Changes in Male Mice. J Nutr 2019; 149:451-462. [PMID: 30715385 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxy272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excess dietary fat and sugar are linked to obesity and metabolic syndrome. Polyamines such as spermidine are implicated in fat accumulation and may support activity-induced weight loss. OBJECTIVE This study tested interventional spermidine supplementation and voluntary activity against fat- and sucrose-induced systemic and gut microbiota changes. METHODS A 3-factorial study design (3 × 2 × 2) was used to test the factors diet, activity, and spermidine. Male 6-wk-old C57BL/6N mice were fed a control diet (CD; carbohydrate:protein:fat, 70%:20%:10% of energy; 7% sucrose), a high-fat diet (HFD; carbohydrate:protein:fat, 20%:20%:60% of energy; 7% sucrose), or a high-sucrose diet (HSD; carbohydrate:protein:fat, 70%:20%:10% of energy; 35% sucrose). Diet groups were left untreated (+0) or had unlimited access to running wheels (+A) or were supplemented with 3 mM spermidine via drinking water (+S) or a combination of both (+A+S) for 30 wk (n = 7-10). RESULTS In comparison to the CD, the HFD enhanced body weights (by 36%, P < 0.001), plasma lipids (cholesterol by 24%, P < 0.001; triglycerides by 27%, P = 0.004), and glucose concentrations (by 18%, P < 0.001), whereas the HSD increased weight by 13% (P < 0.001) and fasting glucose by 17% (P < 0.001) but did not increase plasma lipids. Microbiota taxonomic composition changed upon the HFD and HSD (both P < 0.001); however, only the HSD increased microbial diversity (P < 0.001) compared with the CD. Activity influenced microbiota composition (P < 0.01) and reduced glucose concentrations in HSD-fed (P = 0.021) and HFD-fed (P < 0.001) mice compared with nonactive mice. The combination of activity and spermidine affected energy intake (P-interaction = 0.037) and reduced body weights of HSD+A+S mice compared with HSD+0 mice (P = 0.024). CONCLUSIONS In male C57BL/6N mice, dietary sucrose and fat caused diverse metabolic and microbiota changes that were differentially susceptible to physical exercise. Spermidine has the potential to augment activity-induced beneficial effects, particularly for sucrose-induced obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Schipke
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH (From Regenerative Biology to Reconstructive Therapy), Hannover, Germany.,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany
| | - Marius Vital
- Microbial Interactions and Processes, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research (HZI), Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Anke Schnapper-Isl
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH (From Regenerative Biology to Reconstructive Therapy), Hannover, Germany
| | - Dietmar H Pieper
- Microbial Interactions and Processes, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research (HZI), Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Christian Mühlfeld
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH (From Regenerative Biology to Reconstructive Therapy), Hannover, Germany.,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany
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22
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Gerner EW, Bruckheimer E, Cohen A. Cancer pharmacoprevention: Targeting polyamine metabolism to manage risk factors for colon cancer. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:18770-18778. [PMID: 30355737 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.tm118.003343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a set of diseases characterized by uncontrolled cell growth. In certain cancers of the gastrointestinal tract, the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) tumor suppressor gene is altered in either germline or somatic cells and causes formation of risk factors, such as benign colonic or intestinal neoplasia, which can progress to invasive cancer. APC is a key component of the WNT pathway, contributing to normal GI tract development, and APC alteration results in dysregulation of the pathway for production of polyamines, which are ubiquitous cations essential for cell growth. Studies with mice have identified nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), an inhibitor of polyamine synthesis, as potent inhibitors of colon carcinogenesis. Moreover, gene expression profiling has uncovered that NSAIDs activate polyamine catabolism and export. Several DFMO-NSAID combination strategies are effective and safe methods for reducing risk factors in clinical trials with patients having genetic or sporadic risk of colon cancer. These strategies affect cancer stem cells, inflammation, immune surveillance, and the microbiome. Pharmacotherapies consisting of drug combinations targeting the polyamine pathway provide a complementary approach to surgery and cytotoxic cancer treatments for treating patients with cancer risk factors. In this Minireview, we discuss the role of polyamines in colon cancer and highlight the mechanisms of select pharmacoprevention agents to delay or prevent carcinogenesis in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene W Gerner
- From Cancer Prevention Pharmaceuticals, Tucson, Arizona 85718 and .,the Department of Cell and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85711
| | | | - Alfred Cohen
- From Cancer Prevention Pharmaceuticals, Tucson, Arizona 85718 and
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23
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Wu YY, Li TM, Zang LQ, Liu B, Wang GX. Effects of berberine on tumor growth and intestinal permeability in HCT116 tumor-bearing mice using polyamines as targets. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 107:1447-1453. [PMID: 30257361 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.08.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) is seriously affected by high intestinal mucosal permeability accompanied by increasing tumor load. Berberine, a natural plant-derived product, can protect the intestinal mucosal barrier and suppress tumor growth, but its effects on the intestinal mucosal barrier dysfunction of CRC have not yet been evaluated. Herein, we assessed the effects of berberine on the intestinal mucosal permeability of HCT116 tumor-bearing mice and the underlying mechanism. Berberine (6.25, 12.5, 25 mg/kg) was administered to tumor-bearing mice for 3 weeks by intraperitoneal injection, and saline was given to controls and models. Compared with the control group, tumor-bearing mice had increased intestinal mucosal permeability in the third week. Meanwhile, the body weight decreased by 4%-7%, the concentration of D-lactic acid in plasma increased, and the expressions of ZO1 and Occludin were down-regulated. The intestinal mucosa was impaired. Compared with the model group, berberine inhibited tumor growth in a dose-dependent manner (6.25, 12.5, 25 mg/kg), reduced the permeability of intestinal mucosa, and alleviated intestinal mucosal damage. HPLC showed that berberine decreased the content of polyamines in tumor tissue, whereas increased that in intestinal mucosa tissue. Western blot showed that berberine inhibited the expressions of ODC, C-MYC and HIF-1α, but up-regulated those of OAZ1 and SSAT. In short, berberine may exert antitumor effects by suppressing tumor growth and elevating the intestinal mucosal permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Yan Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China; The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University
| | - Tong-Ming Li
- School of Chinese Herbology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin-Quan Zang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bing Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gui-Xiang Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China.
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24
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Bae DH, Lane DJR, Jansson PJ, Richardson DR. The old and new biochemistry of polyamines. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2018; 1862:2053-2068. [PMID: 29890242 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2018.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 06/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Polyamines are ubiquitous positively charged amines found in all organisms. These molecules play a crucial role in many biological functions including cell growth, gene regulation and differentiation. The three major polyamines produced in all mammalian cells are putrescine, spermidine and spermine. The intracellular levels of these polyamines depend on the interplay of the biosynthetic and catabolic enzymes of the polyamine and methionine salvage pathway, as well as the involvement of polyamine transporters. Polyamine levels are observed to be high in cancer cells, which contributes to malignant transformation, cell proliferation and poor patient prognosis. Considering the critical roles of polyamines in cancer cell proliferation, numerous anti-polyaminergic compounds have been developed as anti-tumor agents, which seek to suppress polyamine levels by specifically inhibiting polyamine biosynthesis, activating polyamine catabolism, or blocking polyamine transporters. However, in terms of the development of effective anti-cancer therapeutics targeting the polyamine system, these efforts have unfortunately resulted in little success. Recently, several studies using the iron chelators, O-trensox and ICL670A (Deferasirox), have demonstrated a decline in both iron and polyamine levels. Since iron levels are also high in cancer cells, and like polyamines, are required for proliferation, these latter findings suggest a biochemically integrated link between iron and polyamine metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Hun Bae
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, The Medical Foundation Building (K25), University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Darius J R Lane
- Melbourne Dementia Research Centre, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Kenneth Myer Building, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.
| | - Patric J Jansson
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, The Medical Foundation Building (K25), University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Des R Richardson
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, The Medical Foundation Building (K25), University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia; Department of Pathology and Biological Responses, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan.
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25
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Myc, Oncogenic Protein Translation, and the Role of Polyamines. Med Sci (Basel) 2018; 6:medsci6020041. [PMID: 29799508 PMCID: PMC6024823 DOI: 10.3390/medsci6020041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 05/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Deregulated protein synthesis is a common feature of cancer cells, with many oncogenic signaling pathways directly augmenting protein translation to support the biomass needs of proliferating tissues. MYC’s ability to drive oncogenesis is a consequence of its essential role as a governor linking cell cycle entry with the requisite increase in protein synthetic capacity, among other biomass needs. To date, direct pharmacologic inhibition of MYC has proven difficult, but targeting oncogenic signaling modules downstream of MYC, such as the protein synthetic machinery, may provide a viable therapeutic strategy. Polyamines are essential cations found in nearly all living organisms that have both direct and indirect roles in the control of protein synthesis. Polyamine metabolism is coordinately regulated by MYC to increase polyamines in proliferative tissues, and this is further augmented in the many cancer cells harboring hyperactivated MYC. In this review, we discuss MYC-driven regulation of polyamines and protein synthetic capacity as a key function of its oncogenic output, and how this dependency may be perturbed through direct pharmacologic targeting of components of the protein synthetic machinery, such as the polyamines themselves, the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4F (eIF4F) complex, and the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A (eIF5A).
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26
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Abstract
The immune system is remarkably responsive to a myriad of invading microorganisms and provides continuous surveillance against tissue damage and developing tumor cells. To achieve these diverse functions, multiple soluble and cellular components must react in an orchestrated cascade of events to control the specificity, magnitude and persistence of the immune response. Numerous catabolic and anabolic processes are involved in this process, and prominent roles for l-arginine and l-glutamine catabolism have been described, as these amino acids serve as precursors of nitric oxide, creatine, agmatine, tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates, nucleotides and other amino acids, as well as for ornithine, which is used to synthesize putrescine and the polyamines spermidine and spermine. Polyamines have several purported roles and high levels of polyamines are manifest in tumor cells as well in autoreactive B- and T-cells in autoimmune diseases. In the tumor microenvironment, l-arginine catabolism by both tumor cells and suppressive myeloid cells is known to dampen cytotoxic T-cell functions suggesting there might be links between polyamines and T-cell suppression. Here, we review studies suggesting roles of polyamines in normal immune cell function and highlight their connections to autoimmunity and anti-tumor immune cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca S Hesterberg
- University of South Florida Cancer Biology Graduate Program, University of South Florida, 4202 East Fowler Ave, Tampa, FL 33620, USA.
- Department Immunology, PharmD, Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, 23033 SRB, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
| | - John L Cleveland
- Department of Tumor Biology, Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
| | - Pearlie K Epling-Burnette
- Department Immunology, PharmD, Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, 23033 SRB, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
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27
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The essential role of methylthioadenosine phosphorylase in prostate cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 7:14380-93. [PMID: 26910893 PMCID: PMC4924722 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostatic epithelial cells secrete high levels of acetylated polyamines into the prostatic lumen. This distinctive characteristic places added strain on the connected pathways, which are forced to increase metabolite production to maintain pools. The methionine salvage pathway recycles the one-carbon unit lost to polyamine biosynthesis back to the methionine cycle, allowing for replenishment of SAM pools providing a mechanism to help mitigate metabolic stress associated with high flux through these pathways. The rate-limiting enzyme involved in this process is methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP), which, although commonly deleted in many cancers, is protected in prostate cancer. We report near universal retention of MTAP expression in a panel of human prostate cancer cell lines as well as patient samples. Upon metabolic perturbation, prostate cancer cell lines upregulate MTAP and this correlates with recovery of SAM levels. Furthermore, in a mouse model of prostate cancer we find that both normal prostate and diseased prostate maintain higher SAM levels than other tissues, even under increased metabolic stress. Finally, we show that knockdown of MTAP, both genetically and pharmacologically, blocks androgen sensitive prostate cancer growth in vivo. Our findings strongly suggest that the methionine salvage pathway is a major player in homeostatic regulation of metabolite pools in prostate cancer due to their high level of flux through the polyamine biosynthetic pathway. Therefore, this pathway, and specifically the MTAP enzyme, is an attractive therapeutic target for prostate cancer.
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Abstract
Abstract
Clinical practice and experimental studies have shown the necessity of sufficient quantities of folic acid intake for normal embryogenesis and fetal development in the prevention of neural tube defects (NTDs) and neurological malformations. So, women of childbearing age must be sure to have an adequate folate intake periconceptionally, prior to and during pregnancy. Folic acid fortification of all enriched cereal grain product flour has been implemented in many countries. Thus, hundreds of thousands of people have been exposed to an increased intake of folic acid. Folate plays an essential role in the biosynthesis of methionine. Methionine is the principal aminopropyl donor required for polyamine biosynthesis, which is up-regulated in actively growing cells, including cancer cells. Folates are important in RNA and DNA synthesis, DNA stability and integrity. Clinical and epidemiological evidence links folate deficiency to DNA damage and cancer. On the other hand, long-term folate oversupplementation leads to adverse toxic effects, resulting in the appearance of malignancy. Considering the relationship of polyamines and rapidly proliferating tissues (especially cancers), there is a need for better investigation of the relationship between the ingestion of high amounts of folic acid in food supplementation and polyamine metabolism, related to malignant processes in the human body.
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29
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Fitzgerald B, Mahapatra S, Farmer DK, McNeil MR, Casero RA, Belisle JT. Elucidating the Structure of N1-Acetylisoputreanine: A Novel Polyamine Catabolite in Human Urine. ACS OMEGA 2017; 2:3921-3930. [PMID: 28782053 PMCID: PMC5537715 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b00872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
An untargeted metabolomics approach was utilized to determine urinary metabolites that could serve as small-molecule biomarkers for treatment response to standard tuberculosis treatment. However, the majority of metabolites that most accurately distinguished patient samples at the time of diagnosis from those at 1 month after the start of therapy lacked structural identification. The detection of unknown metabolite structures is a well-known limitation of untargeted metabolomics and underscores a need for continued elucidation of novel metabolite structures. In this study, we sought to define the structure of a urine metabolite with an experimentally determined mass of 202.1326 Da, classified as molecular feature (MF) 202.1326. A hypothesized structure of N1-acetylisoputreanine was developed for MF 202.1326 using in silico tools and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). In the absence of a commercial standard, synthetic N1-acetylisoputreanine was generated using enzymatic and chemical syntheses, and LC-MS/MS was used to confirm the structure of MF 202.1326 as N1-acetylisoputreanine, a proposed terminal polyamine catabolite that had not been previously detected in biological samples. Further analysis demonstrated that N1-acetylisoputreanine and an alternative form of this metabolite, N1-acetylisoputreanine-γ-lactam, are both present in human urine and are likely end-products of polyamine metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryna
L. Fitzgerald
- Mycobacteria
Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and
Pathology, Colorado State University, 1682 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Sebabrata Mahapatra
- Mycobacteria
Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and
Pathology, Colorado State University, 1682 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Delphine K. Farmer
- Department
of Chemistry, Colorado State University, 1872 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Michael R. McNeil
- Mycobacteria
Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and
Pathology, Colorado State University, 1682 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Robert A. Casero
- The
Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, 1650 Orleans Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United
States
| | - John T. Belisle
- Mycobacteria
Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and
Pathology, Colorado State University, 1682 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
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30
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Hussain T, Tan B, Ren W, Rahu N, Dad R, Kalhoro DH, Yin Y. Polyamines: therapeutic perspectives in oxidative stress and inflammatory diseases. Amino Acids 2017; 49:1457-1468. [PMID: 28733904 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-017-2447-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Polyamines are naturally occurring aliphatic compounds, particularly essential elements for biological functions. These compounds play a central role in regulating molecular pathways which are responsible for cellular proliferation, growth, and differentiation. Importantly, excessive polyamine catabolism can lead to a prominent source of oxidative stress which increases inflammatory response and thought to be involved in several diseases including stroke, renal failure, neurological disease, liver disease, and even cancer. Moreover, polyamine supplementation increases life span in model organisms and may encounter oxidative stress via exerting its potential anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The revealed literature indicates that an emerging role of polyamine biosynthetic pathway could be a novel target for drug development against inflammatory diseases. In this review, we expand the knowledge on the metabolism of polyamines, and its anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities which might have future implications against inflammatory diseases in humans and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarique Hussain
- National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10008, People's Republic of China
| | - Bie Tan
- National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wenkai Ren
- National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10008, People's Republic of China
| | - Najma Rahu
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam, 70050, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Rahim Dad
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Dildar Hussain Kalhoro
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam, 70050, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Yulong Yin
- National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
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Locke M, Ghazaly E, Freitas MO, Mitsinga M, Lattanzio L, Lo Nigro C, Nagano A, Wang J, Chelala C, Szlosarek P, Martin SA. Inhibition of the Polyamine Synthesis Pathway Is Synthetically Lethal with Loss of Argininosuccinate Synthase 1. Cell Rep 2016; 16:1604-1613. [PMID: 27452468 PMCID: PMC4978703 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.06.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Argininosuccinate synthase 1 (ASS1) is the rate-limiting enzyme for arginine biosynthesis. ASS1 expression is lost in a range of tumor types, including 50% of malignant pleural mesotheliomas. Starving ASS1-deficient cells of arginine with arginine blockers such as ADI-PEG20 can induce selective lethality and has shown great promise in the clinical setting. We have generated a model of ADI-PEG20 resistance in mesothelioma cells. This resistance is mediated through re-expression of ASS1 via demethylation of the ASS1 promoter. Through coordinated transcriptomic and metabolomic profiling, we have shown that ASS1-deficient cells have decreased levels of acetylated polyamine metabolites, together with a compensatory increase in the expression of polyamine biosynthetic enzymes. Upon arginine deprivation, polyamine metabolites are decreased in the ASS1-deficient cells and in plasma isolated from ASS1-deficient mesothelioma patients. We identify a synthetic lethal dependence between ASS1 deficiency and polyamine metabolism, which could potentially be exploited for the treatment of ASS1-negative cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Locke
- Centre for Molecular Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Essam Ghazaly
- Centre for Haemato-oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Marta O Freitas
- Centre for Molecular Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Mikaella Mitsinga
- Centre for Molecular Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Laura Lattanzio
- Laboratorio di Genetica Oncologica ed Oncologia Translazionale and Dipartimento di Oncologia, Azienda Ospedaliera S. Croce e Carle, 12100 Cuneo, Italy
| | - Cristiana Lo Nigro
- Laboratorio di Genetica Oncologica ed Oncologia Translazionale and Dipartimento di Oncologia, Azienda Ospedaliera S. Croce e Carle, 12100 Cuneo, Italy
| | - Ai Nagano
- Centre for Molecular Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Jun Wang
- Centre for Molecular Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Claude Chelala
- Centre for Molecular Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Peter Szlosarek
- Centre for Molecular Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Sarah A Martin
- Centre for Molecular Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK.
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Kirkwood JS, Miranda CL, Bobe G, Maier CS, Stevens JF. 18O-Tracer Metabolomics Reveals Protein Turnover and CDP-Choline Cycle Activity in Differentiating 3T3-L1 Pre-Adipocytes. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0157118. [PMID: 27275782 PMCID: PMC4898700 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The differentiation of precursor cells into mature adipocytes (adipogenesis) has been an area of increased focus, spurred by a rise in obesity rates. Though our understanding of adipogenesis and its regulation at the cellular level is growing, many questions remain, especially regarding the regulation of the metabolome. The 3T3-L1 cell line is the most well characterized cellular model of adipogenesis. Using a time course metabolomics approach, we show that the 3T3-L1 preadipocyte metabolome is greatly altered during the first 48 hours of differentiation, where cells go through about two rounds of cell division, a process known as mitotic clonal expansion. Short-chain peptides were among several small molecules that were increased during mitotic clonal expansion. Additional indicators of protein turnover were also increased, including bilirubin, a degradation product of heme-containing proteins, and 3-methylhistidine, a post-translationally modified amino acid that is not reutilized for protein synthesis. To study the origin of the peptides, we treated differentiating preadipocytes with 18O labeled water and found that 18O was incorporated into the short chain peptides, confirming them, at least in part, as products of hydrolysis. Inhibitors of the proteasome or matrix metalloproteinases affected the peptide levels during differentiation, but inhibitors of autophagy or peptidases did not. 18O was also incorporated into several choline metabolites including cytidine 5'-diphosphocholine (CDP-choline), glycerophosphocholine, and several phosphatidylcholine species, indicative of phosphatidylcholine synthesis/degradation and of flux through the CDP-choline cycle, a hallmark of proliferating cells. 18O-Tracer metabolomics further showed metabolic labeling of glutamate, suggestive of glutaminolysis, also characteristic of proliferating cells. Together, these results highlight the utility of 18O isotope labeling in combination with metabolomics to uncover changes in cellular metabolism that are not detectable by time-resolved metabolomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay S. Kirkwood
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, United States of America
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, United States of America
| | - Cristobal L. Miranda
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, United States of America
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, United States of America
| | - Gerd Bobe
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, United States of America
- Department of Animal and Rangeland Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, United States of America
| | - Claudia S. Maier
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, United States of America
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, United States of America
| | - Jan F. Stevens
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, United States of America
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Evageliou NF, Haber M, Vu A, Laetsch TW, Murray J, Gamble LD, Cheng NC, Liu K, Reese M, Corrigan KA, Ziegler DS, Webber H, Hayes CS, Pawel B, Marshall GM, Zhao H, Gilmour SK, Norris MD, Hogarty MD. Polyamine Antagonist Therapies Inhibit Neuroblastoma Initiation and Progression. Clin Cancer Res 2016; 22:4391-404. [PMID: 27012811 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-15-2539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Deregulated MYC drives oncogenesis in many tissues yet direct pharmacologic inhibition has proven difficult. MYC coordinately regulates polyamine homeostasis as these essential cations support MYC functions, and drugs that antagonize polyamine sufficiency have synthetic-lethal interactions with MYC Neuroblastoma is a lethal tumor in which the MYC homologue MYCN, and ODC1, the rate-limiting enzyme in polyamine synthesis, are frequently deregulated so we tested optimized polyamine depletion regimens for activity against neuroblastoma. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We used complementary transgenic and xenograft-bearing neuroblastoma models to assess polyamine antagonists. We investigated difluoromethylornithine (DFMO; an inhibitor of Odc, the rate-limiting enzyme in polyamine synthesis), SAM486 (an inhibitor of Amd1, the second rate-limiting enzyme), and celecoxib (an inducer of Sat1 and polyamine catabolism) in both the preemptive setting and in the treatment of established tumors. In vitro assays were performed to identify mechanisms of activity. RESULTS An optimized polyamine antagonist regimen using DFMO and SAM486 to inhibit both rate-limiting enzymes in polyamine synthesis potently blocked neuroblastoma initiation in transgenic mice, underscoring the requirement for polyamines in MYC-driven oncogenesis. Furthermore, the combination of DFMO with celecoxib was found to be highly active, alone, and combined with numerous chemotherapy regimens, in regressing established tumors in both models, including tumors harboring highest risk genetic lesions such as MYCN amplification, ALK mutation, and TP53 mutation with multidrug resistance. CONCLUSIONS Given the broad preclinical activity demonstrated by polyamine antagonist regimens across diverse in vivo models, clinical investigation of such approaches in neuroblastoma and potentially other MYC-driven tumors is warranted. Clin Cancer Res; 22(17); 4391-404. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas F Evageliou
- Division of Oncology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Center for Childhood Cancer Research, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Michelle Haber
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Sydney, Australia
| | - Annette Vu
- Division of Oncology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Jayne Murray
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Sydney, Australia
| | - Laura D Gamble
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Kangning Liu
- Division of Oncology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Megan Reese
- Division of Oncology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Kelly A Corrigan
- Division of Oncology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - David S Ziegler
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Sydney, Australia. Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, Australia. School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Sydney, Australia
| | - Hannah Webber
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Sydney, Australia
| | - Candice S Hayes
- Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania
| | - Bruce Pawel
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Glenn M Marshall
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Sydney, Australia. Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Huaqing Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Susan K Gilmour
- Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania
| | - Murray D Norris
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Sydney, Australia. Center for Childhood Cancer Research, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Michael D Hogarty
- Division of Oncology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
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Decreased sensitivity to aspirin is associated with altered polyamine metabolism in human prostate cancer cells. Amino Acids 2015; 48:1003-1012. [PMID: 26704566 PMCID: PMC4796368 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-015-2143-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Aspirin is a well-known analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic drug and is recognised as a chemopreventative agent in cardiovascular disease and, more recently, in colorectal cancer. Although several studies indicate that aspirin is capable of reducing the risk of developing cancers, there is a lack of convincing evidence that aspirin can prevent prostate cancer in man. In this study, aspirin was shown to be an effective inhibitor of the growth of human prostate cancer cells. In order to investigate the link between polyamine catabolism and the effects of aspirin we used a “Tet off” system that induced the activity of spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase (SSAT) in human prostate cancer cells (LNCap). Treatment with aspirin was found to decrease induced SSAT activity in these cells. A negative correlation was observed between increased polyamine catabolism via increased SSAT activity and the sensitivity to aspirin. In the presence of increased SSAT activity high amounts of N1-acetylspermidine and putrescine were observed. These cells were also found to grow more slowly than the non-induced cells. The results indicate that SSAT and its related polyamine metabolism may play a key role in sensitivity of cancer cells to aspirin and possibly other NSAIDs and this may have implications for the development of novel chemopreventative agents.
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Depletion of the polyamines spermidine and spermine by overexpression of spermidine/spermine N¹-acetyltransferase 1 (SAT1) leads to mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in mammalian cells. Biochem J 2015; 468:435-47. [PMID: 25849284 DOI: 10.1042/bj20150168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The polyamines putrescine, spermidine and spermine are intimately involved in the regulation of cellular growth and viability. Transduction of human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293T cells with an adenovirus encoding a key polyamine catabolic enzyme, spermidine N¹-acetyltransferase 1 (SSAT1)/SAT1 (AdSAT1), leads to a rapid depletion of spermidine and spermine, arrest in cell growth and a decline in cell viability. Annexin V/propidium iodide FACS analyses, terminal uridine nucleotide end-labelling (TUNEL) and caspase 3 assays showed a clear indication of apoptosis in AdSAT1-transduced cells (at 24-72 h), but not in cells transduced with GFP-encoding adenovirus (AdGFP). Apoptosis in the polyamine-depleted cells occurs by the mitochondrial intrinsic pathway, as evidenced by loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, increase in pro-apoptotic Bax, decrease in anti-apoptotic Bcl-xl, Bcl2 and Mcl-1 and release of cytochrome c from mitochondria, upon transduction with AdSAT1. Moreover, TEM images of AdSAT1-transduced cells revealed morphological changes commonly associated with apoptosis, including cell shrinkage, nuclear fragmentation, mitochondrial alteration, vacuolization and membrane blebbing. The apoptosis appears to result largely from depletion of the polyamines spermidine and spermine, as the polyamine analogues α-methylspermidine (α-MeSpd) and N¹,N¹²-dimethylspermine (Me₂Spm) that are not substrates for SAT1 could partially restore growth and prevent apoptosis of AdSAT1-transduced cells. Inhibition of polyamine oxidases did not restore the growth of AdSAT1-transduced cells or block apoptosis, suggesting that the growth arrest and apoptosis were not induced by oxidative stress resulting from accelerated polyamine catabolism. Taken together, these data provide strong evidence that the depletion of the polyamines spermidine and spermine leads to mitochondria-mediated apoptosis.
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Zahedi K, Barone S, Wang Y, Murray-Stewart T, Roy-Chaudhury P, Smith RD, Casero RA, Soleimani M. Proximal tubule epithelial cell specific ablation of the spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase gene reduces the severity of renal ischemia/reperfusion injury. PLoS One 2014; 9:e110161. [PMID: 25390069 PMCID: PMC4229091 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Expression and activity of spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase (SSAT) increases in kidneys subjected to ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, while its ablation reduces the severity of such injuries. These results suggest that increased SSAT levels contribute to organ injury; however, the role of SSAT specifically expressed in proximal tubule epithelial cells, which are the primary targets of I/R injury, in the mediation of renal damage remains unresolved. METHODS Severity of I/R injury in wt and renal proximal tubule specific SSAT-ko mice (PT-SSAT-Cko) subjected to bilateral renal I/R injury was assessed using cellular and molecular biological approaches. RESULTS Severity of the loss of kidney function and tubular damage are reduced in PT-SSAT-Cko- compared to wt-mice after I/R injury. In addition, animals treated with MDL72527, an inhibitor of polyamine oxidases, had less severe renal damage than their vehicle treated counter-parts. The renal expression of HMGB 1 and Toll like receptors (TLR) 2 and 4 were also reduced in PT-SSAT-Cko- compared to wt mice after I/R injury. Furthermore, infiltration of neutrophils, as well as expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) transcripts were lower in the kidneys of PT-SSAT-Cko compared to wt mice after I/R injury. Finally, the activation of caspase3 was more pronounced in the wt compared to PT-SSAT-Cko animals. CONCLUSIONS Enhanced SSAT expression by proximal tubule epithelial cells leads to tubular damage, and its deficiency reduces the severity of renal I/R injury through reduction of cellular damage and modulation of the innate immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamyar Zahedi
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
- Veterans Affair Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Sharon Barone
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
- Veterans Affair Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Yang Wang
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Tracy Murray-Stewart
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Prabir Roy-Chaudhury
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Roger D. Smith
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Robert A. Casero
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Manoocher Soleimani
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
- Veterans Affair Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
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Park MH, Igarashi K. Polyamines and their metabolites as diagnostic markers of human diseases. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2014; 21:1-9. [PMID: 24009852 PMCID: PMC3762300 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2012.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2012] [Accepted: 01/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyamines, putrescine, spermidine and spermine, are ubiquitous in living cells and are essential for eukaryotic cell growth. These polycations interact with negatively charged molecules such as DNA, RNA, acidic proteins and phospholipids and modulate various cellular functions including macromolecular synthesis. Dysregulation of the polyamine pathway leads to pathological conditions including cancer, inflammation, stroke, renal failure and diabetes. Increase in polyamines and polyamine synthesis enzymes is often associated with tumor growth, and urinary and plasma contents of polyamines and their metabolites have been investigated as diagnostic markers for cancers. Of these, diacetylated derivatives of spermidine and spermine are elevated in the urine of cancer patients and present potential markers for early detection. Enhanced catabolism of cellular polyamines by polyamine oxidases (PAO), spermine oxidase (SMO) or acetylpolyamine oxidase (AcPAO), increases cellular oxidative stress and generates hydrogen peroxide and a reactive toxic metabolite, acrolein, which covalently incorporates into lysine residues of cellular proteins. Levels of protein-conjuagated acrolein (PC-Acro) and polyamine oxidizing enzymes were increased in the locus of brain infarction and in plasma in a mouse model of stroke and also in the plasma of stroke patients. When the combined measurements of PC-Acro, interleukin 6 (IL-6), and C-reactive protein (CRP) were evaluated, even silent brain infarction (SBI) was detected with high sensitivity and specificity. Considering that there are no reliable biochemical markers for early stage of stroke, PC-Acro and PAOs present promising markers. Thus the polyamine metabolites in plasma or urine provide useful tools in early diagnosis of cancer and stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myung Hee Park
- Oral and Pharyngeal Cancer Branch, NIDCR, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
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Merali S, Barrero CA, Sacktor NC, Haughey NJ, Datta PK, Langford D, Khalili K. Polyamines: Predictive Biomarker for HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 5:1000312. [PMID: 25893137 PMCID: PMC4397651 DOI: 10.4172/2155-6113.1000312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Spermidine/spermine-N1-acetytransferase (SSAT) is the key enzyme in the catabolism of polyamines that are involved in regulating NMDA functioning. Over expression of SSAT leads to abnormal metabolic cycling and may disrupt NMDA receptor signaling. In fact, the HIV protein Tat induces neurotoxicity involving polyamine/NMDA receptor interactions. Thus, we investigated abnormal polyamine cycling in HIV+ participants with varying degrees of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders. Methods Acetyl-polyamine (SSAT products) levels were assessed by HPLC in CSF from 99 HIV-infected participants (no cognitive impairment (NCI, n=25), asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment (ANI, n=25), mild cognitive and motor disorders (MCMD, n=24), and HIV-associated dementia (HAD, n=25)). Polyamine levels in brain tissues from a subset of participants (uninfected (n=3), NCI (n=3), and MNCD (n=3)) were also assessed. Human primary astrocytes expressing HIV Tat were assessed for levels of the SSAT activity. Results Activation of the polyamine catabolic enzyme, SSAT increases polyamine flux in brain and CSF of HIV infected individuals with HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders. CSF levels of acetylated polyamine increase with the degree of HAND severity as indicated by significantly increased acetylpolyamine levels in HAD participants compared to NCI and ANI (p<0.0001) and between MCMD and NCI and ANI (p<0.0001). In vitro studies suggest that the HIV protein Tat may be responsible in part for astrocyte-derived acetyl polyamine release. Interpretation Our data suggest that polyamine metabolism may play a pivotal role in the neurodegeneration process among HAND patients. Changes in polyamine flux may serve as a potential predictive diagnostic biomarker for different severities of HAND.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salim Merali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Temple University School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Carlos A Barrero
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Temple University School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ned C Sacktor
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins Memory and Alzheimer's Disease Treatment Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Norman J Haughey
- Department of Neurology, Richard T Johnson Division of Neuroimmunology and Neurological Infections, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Prasun K Datta
- Department of Neuroscience, Center for Neurovirology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Dianne Langford
- Department of Neuroscience, Center for Neurovirology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kamel Khalili
- Department of Neuroscience, Center for Neurovirology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Modulation of polyamine metabolic flux in adipose tissue alters the accumulation of body fat by affecting glucose homeostasis. Amino Acids 2013; 46:701-15. [PMID: 23881108 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-013-1548-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2013] [Accepted: 06/26/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The continued rise in obesity despite public education, awareness and policies indicates the need for mechanism-based therapeutic approaches to help control the disease. Our data, in conjunction with other studies, suggest an unexpected role for the polyamine catabolic enzyme spermidine/spermine-N1-acetyltransferase (SSAT) in fat homeostasis. Our previous studies showed that deletion of SSAT greatly exaggerates weight gain and that the transgenic overexpression suppresses weight gain in mice on a high-fat diet. This discovery is substantial but the underlying molecular linkages are only vaguely understood. Here, we used a comprehensive systems biology approach, on white adipose tissue (WAT), to discover that the partition of acetyl-CoA towards polyamine catabolism alters glucose homeostasis and hence, fat accumulation. Comparative proteomics and antibody-based expression studies of WAT in SSAT knockout, wild type and transgenic mice identified nine proteins with an increasing gradient across the genotypes, all of which correlate with acetyl-CoA consumption in polyamine acetylation. Adipose-specific SSAT knockout mice and global SSAT knockout mice on a high-fat diet exhibited similar growth curves and proteomic patterns in their WAT, confirming that attenuated consumption of acetyl-CoA in acetylation of polyamines in adipose tissue drives the obese phenotype of these mice. Analysis of protein expression indicated that the identified changes in the levels of proteins regulating acetyl-CoA consumption occur via the AMP-activated protein kinase pathway. Together, our data suggest that differential expression of SSAT markedly alters acetyl-CoA levels, which in turn trigger a global shift in glucose metabolism in adipose tissue, thus affecting the accumulation of body fat.
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Perez-Leal O, Abou-Gharbia M, Gordon J, Childers WE, Merali S. A novel assay platform for the detection of translation modulators of spermidine/spermine acetyltransferase. Curr Pharm Des 2013; 20:245-52. [PMID: 23701549 DOI: 10.2174/13816128113199990035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2013] [Accepted: 05/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Spermidine/spermine-N1-acetyltransferase (SSAT) is a mitochondrial-localized enzyme that is highly inducible and tightly controlled and is the rate-limiting enzyme in polyamine catabolism. It is known that SSAT is induced when polyamine level increases. Although multiple mechanisms have been implicated, translational control is thought to be paramount. Previous studies with transgenic and knockout mice suggested that for certain human conditions, the modulation of SSAT levels could offer therapeutic benefits. Besides polyamines and their analogs, certain stimuli can increase SSAT levels, suggesting that the development of reporters for high throughput screening can lead to the identification of novel pharmacophores that can modulate SSAT translation. Here we report the development and validation of a luciferase-based biosensor system for the identification of compounds that are able to either promote or prevent the translation of SSAT. The system uses HEK293T cells transfected with a construct composed of SSAT mRNA modified to lack upstream open reading frame (uORF) function, is mutated to reduce translational repression and is linked with luciferase. As a proof of principle of the utility of the SSAT translation sensor, we screened the Prestwick drug library (1,200 FDA Approved compounds). The library contained 15 compounds that activated SSAT translation by at least 40% more than the basal expression, but none exceeded the positive control N1, N11-diethylnorspermine. On the other hand, 38 compounds were found to strongly inhibit SSAT translation. We conclude that this biosensor can lead to the identification of novel pharmacophores that are able to modulate the translation of SSAT.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Salim Merali
- Department of Biochemistry and Fels Institute for Cancer Research, School of Medicine and 2 Moulder Center for Drug Discovery, School of Pharmacy, Temple University 3307 N. Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140.
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Alexandre-Gouabau MC, Courant F, Moyon T, Küster A, Le Gall G, Tea I, Antignac JP, Darmaun D. Maternal and cord blood LC-HRMS metabolomics reveal alterations in energy and polyamine metabolism, and oxidative stress in very-low birth weight infants. J Proteome Res 2013; 12:2764-78. [PMID: 23527880 DOI: 10.1021/pr400122v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
To assess the global effect of preterm birth on fetal metabolism and maternal-fetal nutrient transfer, we used a mass spectrometric-based chemical phenotyping approach on cord blood obtained at the time of birth. We sampled umbilical venous, umbilical arterial, and maternal blood from mothers delivering very-low birth weight (VLBW, with a median gestational age and weight of 29 weeks, and 1210 g, respectively) premature or full-term (FT) neonates. In VLBW group, we observed a significant elevation in the levels and maternal-fetal gradients of butyryl-, isovaleryl-, hexanoyl- and octanoyl-carnitines, suggesting enhanced short- and medium chain fatty acid β-oxidation in human preterm feto-placental unit. The significant decrease in glutamine-glutamate in preterm arterial cord blood beside lower levels of amino acid precursors of Krebs cycle suggest increased glutamine utilization in the fast growing tissues of preterm fetus with a deregulation in placental glutamate-glutamine shuttling. Enhanced glutathione utilization is likely to account for the decrease in precursor amino acids (serine, betaine, glutamate and methionine) in arterial cord blood. An increase in both the circulating levels and maternal-fetal gradients of several polyamines in their acetylated form (diacetylspermine and acetylputrescine) suggests an enhanced polyamine metabolic cycling in extreme prematurity. Our metabolomics study allowed the identification of alterations in fetal energy, antioxidant defense, and polyamines and purines flux as a signature of premature birth.
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Lisitskaya KV, Sokueva NA, Malysheva YG, Ivanov AV, Shishkin SS, Syatkin SP. Identification of the functional activity of synthetic polyamine analogues using a biotest system based on highly proliferating cultured human cells. APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2013. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683813020075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Gamble LD, Hogarty MD, Liu X, Ziegler DS, Marshall G, Norris MD, Haber M. Polyamine pathway inhibition as a novel therapeutic approach to treating neuroblastoma. Front Oncol 2012. [PMID: 23181218 PMCID: PMC3499881 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2012.00162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyamines are highly regulated essential cations that are elevated in rapidly proliferating tissues, including diverse cancers. Expression analyses in neuroblastomas suggest that up-regulation of polyamine pro-synthetic enzymes and down-regulation of catabolic enzymes is associated with poor prognosis. Polyamine sufficiency may be required for MYCN oncogenicity in MYCN amplified neuroblastoma, and targeting polyamine homeostasis may therefore provide an attractive therapeutic approach. ODC1, an oncogenic MYCN target, is rate-limiting for polyamine synthesis, and is overexpressed in many cancers including neuroblastoma. Inhibition of ODC1 by difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) decreased tumor penetrance in TH-MYCN mice treated pre-emptively, and extended survival and synergized with chemotherapy in treating established tumors in both TH-MYCN and xenograft models. Efforts to augment DFMO activity, or otherwise maximally reduce polyamine levels, are focused on antagonizing polyamine uptake or augmenting polyamine export or catabolism. Since polyamine inhibition appears to be clinically well tolerated, these approaches, particularly when combined with chemotherapy, have great potential for improving neuroblastoma outcome in both MYCN amplified and non-MYCN amplified neuroblastomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura D Gamble
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Lowy Cancer Research Centre Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Zahedi K, Barone SL, Xu J, Steinbergs N, Schuster R, Lentsch AB, Amlal H, Wang J, Casero RA, Soleimani M. Hepatocyte-specific ablation of spermine/spermidine-N1-acetyltransferase gene reduces the severity of CCl4-induced acute liver injury. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2012; 303:G546-60. [PMID: 22723264 PMCID: PMC3468550 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00431.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Activation of spermine/spermidine-N(1)-acetyltransferase (SSAT) leads to DNA damage and growth arrest in mammalian cells, and its ablation reduces the severity of ischemic and endotoxic injuries. Here we have examined the role of SSAT in the pathogenesis of toxic liver injury caused by carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4)). The expression and activity of SSAT increase in the liver subsequent to CCl(4) administration. Furthermore, the early liver injury after CCl(4) treatment was significantly attenuated in hepatocyte-specific SSAT knockout mice (Hep-SSAT-Cko) compared with wild-type (WT) mice as determined by the reduced serum alanine aminotransferase levels, decreased hepatic lipid peroxidation, and less severe liver damage. Cytochrome P450 2e1 levels remained comparable in both genotypes, suggesting that SSAT deficiency does not affect the metabolism of CCl(4). Hepatocyte-specific deficiency of SSAT also modulated the induction of cytokines involved in inflammation and repair as well as leukocyte infiltration. In addition, Noxa and activated caspase 3 levels were elevated in the livers of WT compared with Hep-SSAT-Cko mice. Interestingly, the onset of cell proliferation was significantly more robust in the WT compared with Hep-SSAT Cko mice. The inhibition of polyamine oxidases protected the animals against CCl(4)-induced liver injury. Our studies suggest that while the abrogation of polyamine back conversion or inhibition of polyamine oxidation attenuate the early injury, they may delay the onset of hepatic regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamyar Zahedi
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Ohio, USA.
| | - Sharon L. Barone
- 1Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio;
| | - Jie Xu
- 1Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio;
| | - Nora Steinbergs
- 2The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland;
| | - Rebecca Schuster
- 3Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio; and
| | - Alex B. Lentsch
- 3Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio; and
| | - Hassane Amlal
- 1Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio;
| | - Jiang Wang
- 4Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and
| | - Robert A. Casero
- 2The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland;
| | - Manoocher Soleimani
- 1Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio; ,5Veterans Affair Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
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Ibáñez C, Simó C, García-Cañas V, Gómez-Martínez Á, Ferragut JA, Cifuentes A. CE/LC-MS multiplatform for broad metabolomic analysis of dietary polyphenols effect on colon cancer cells proliferation. Electrophoresis 2012; 33:2328-36. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201200143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Clara Ibáñez
- Laboratory of Foodomics; CIAL (CSIC); Madrid; Spain
| | | | | | - Ángeles Gómez-Martínez
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology; Miguel Hernández University; Avda. Universidad s/n; Elche; Alicante; Spain
| | - José A. Ferragut
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology; Miguel Hernández University; Avda. Universidad s/n; Elche; Alicante; Spain
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Global Foodomics strategy to investigate the health benefits of dietary constituents. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1248:139-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2012] [Revised: 05/29/2012] [Accepted: 06/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Shi C, Cooper TK, McCloskey DE, Glick AB, Shantz LM, Feith DJ. S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase overexpression inhibits mouse skin tumor promotion. Carcinogenesis 2012; 33:1310-8. [PMID: 22610166 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgs184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Neoplastic growth is associated with increased polyamine biosynthetic activity and content. Tumor promoter treatment induces the rate-limiting enzymes in polyamine biosynthesis, ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), and S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (AdoMetDC), and targeted ODC overexpression is sufficient for tumor promotion in initiated mouse skin. We generated a mouse model with doxycycline (Dox)-regulated AdoMetDC expression to determine the impact of this second rate-limiting enzyme on epithelial carcinogenesis. TetO-AdoMetDC (TAMD) transgenic founders were crossed with transgenic mice (K5-tTA) that express the tetracycline-regulated transcriptional activator within basal keratinocytes of the skin. Transgene expression in TAMD/K5-tTA mice was restricted to keratin 5 (K5) target tissues and silenced upon Dox treatment. AdoMetDC activity and its product, decarboxylated AdoMet, both increased approximately 8-fold in the skin. This enabled a redistribution of the polyamines that led to reduced putrescine, increased spermine, and an elevated spermine:spermidine ratio. Given the positive association between polyamine biosynthetic capacity and neoplastic growth, it was somewhat surprising to find that TAMD/K5-tTA mice developed significantly fewer tumors than controls in response to 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene/12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate chemical carcinogenesis. Importantly, tumor counts in TAMD/K5-tTA mice rebounded to nearly equal the levels in the control group upon Dox-mediated transgene silencing at a late stage of tumor promotion, which indicates that latent viable initiated cells remain in AdoMetDC-expressing skin. These results underscore the complexity of polyamine modulation of tumor development and emphasize the critical role of putrescine in tumor promotion. AdoMetDC-expressing mice will enable more refined spatial and temporal manipulation of polyamine biosynthesis during tumorigenesis and in other models of human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxu Shi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine Hershey, PA 17033, USA
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Role of polyamines, their analogs and transglutaminases in biological and clinical perspectives. Amino Acids 2011; 42:397-409. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-011-1129-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2011] [Accepted: 09/26/2011] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Cerrada-Gimenez M, Weisell J, Hyvönen MT, Park MH, Alhonen L, Vepsäläinen J, Keinänen TA. Complex N-acetylation of triethylenetetramine. Drug Metab Dispos 2011; 39:2242-9. [PMID: 21878558 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.111.041798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Triethylenetetramine (TETA) is an efficient copper chelator that has versatile clinical potential. We have recently shown that spermidine/spermine-N(1)-acetyltransferase (SSAT1), the key polyamine catabolic enzyme, acetylates TETA in vitro. Here, we studied the metabolism of TETA in three different mouse lines: syngenic, SSAT1-overexpressing, and SSAT1-deficient (SSAT1-KO) mice. The mice were sacrificed at 1, 2, or 4 h after TETA injection (300 mg/kg i.p.). We found only N(1)-acetyltriethylenetetramine (N(1)AcTETA) and/or TETA in the liver, kidney, and plasma samples. As expected, SSAT1-overexpressing mice acetylated TETA at an accelerated rate compared with syngenic and SSAT1-KO mice. It is noteworthy that SSAT1-KO mice metabolized TETA as syngenic mice did, probably by thialysine acetyltransferase, which had a K(m) value of 2.5 ± 0.3 mM and a k(cat) value of 1.3 s(-1) for TETA when tested in vitro with the human recombinant enzyme. Thus, the present results suggest that there are at least two N-acetylases potentially metabolizing TETA. However, their physiological significance for TETA acetylation requires further studies. Furthermore, we detected chemical intramolecular N-acetyl migration from the N(1) to N(3) position of N(1)AcTETA and N(1),N(8)-diacetyltriethylenetetramine in an acidified high-performance liquid chromatography sample matrix. The complex metabolism of TETA together with the intramolecular N-acetyl migration may explain the huge individual variations in the acetylation rate of TETA reported earlier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Cerrada-Gimenez
- Department of Medicine, Biocenter Kuopio, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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Cerrada-Gimenez M, Häkkinen MR, Vepsäläinen J, Auriola S, Alhonen L, Keinänen TA. Polyamine flux analysis by determination of heavy isotope incorporation from 13C, 15N-enriched amino acids into polyamines by LC–MS/MS. Amino Acids 2011; 42:451-60. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-011-1024-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2011] [Accepted: 05/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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