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Kaixuan W, Zeng H, Yiqun D, Zixuan W, Huanying T, Li J, Xingchen L, Jiang N, Xie G, Zhu Y, Zhao Y, Qin M. Three types of enzymes complete the furanocoumarins core skeleton biosynthesis in Angelica sinensis. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2024:114102. [PMID: 38641144 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2024.114102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Furanocoumarins (FCs) are widely distributed secondary metabolites found in higher plants, including Apiaceae, Rutaceae, Moraceae, and Fabaceae. They play a crucial role in the physiological functions of plants and are well-known for their diverse pharmacological activities. As a representative plant of the Apiaceae family, Angelica sinensis is highly valued for its medicinal properties and FCs are one of the main ingredients of A. sinensis. However, the biosynthetic mechanism of FCs in A. sinensis remains poorly understood. In this study, we successfully cloned and verified three types of enzymes using genome analysis and in vitro functional verification, which complete the biosynthesis of the FCs core skeleton in A. sinensis. It includes a p-coumaroyl CoA 2'-hydroxylase (AsC2'H) responsible for umbelliferone formation, two UbiA prenyltransferases (AsPT1 and AsPT2) that convert umbelliferone to demethylsuberosin (DMS) and osthenol, respectively, and two CYP736 subfamily cyclases (AsDC and AsOD) that catalyze the formation of FCs core skeleton. Interestingly, AsOD was demonstrated to be a bifunctional cyclase and could catalyze both DMS and osthenol, but had a higher affinity to osthenol. The characterization of these enzymes elucidates the molecular mechanism of FCs biosynthesis, providing new insights and technologies for understanding the diverse origins of FCs biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Kaixuan
- Department of Resources Science of Traditional Chinese Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Huihui Zeng
- Department of Resources Science of Traditional Chinese Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Dai Yiqun
- Department of Resources Science of Traditional Chinese Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - Wang Zixuan
- Department of Resources Science of Traditional Chinese Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Tang Huanying
- Department of Resources Science of Traditional Chinese Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Junde Li
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Lu Xingchen
- Department of Resources Science of Traditional Chinese Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Neng Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Guoyong Xie
- Department of Resources Science of Traditional Chinese Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- Department of Resources Science of Traditional Chinese Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yucheng Zhao
- Department of Resources Science of Traditional Chinese Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Medical Botanical Garden, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210014, China.
| | - Minjian Qin
- Department of Resources Science of Traditional Chinese Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Medical Botanical Garden, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210014, China.
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2
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Singh L, Bhatti R. Signaling Pathways Involved in the Neuroprotective Effect of Osthole: Evidence and Mechanisms. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:1100-1118. [PMID: 37682453 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03580-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases constitute a major threat to human health and are usually accompanied by progressive structural and functional loss of neurons. Abnormalities in synaptic plasticity are involved in neurodegenerative disorders. Aberrant cell signaling cascades play a predominant role in the initiation, progress as well as in the severity of these ailments. Notch signaling is a pivotal role in the maintenance of neural stem cells and also participates in neurogenesis. PI3k/Akt cascade regulates different biological processes including cell proliferation, apoptosis, and metabolism. It regulates neurotoxicity and mediates the survival of neurons. Moreover, the activated BDNF/TrkB cascade is involved in promoting the transcription of genes responsible for cell survival and neurogenesis. Despite significant progress made in delineating the underlying pathological mechanisms involved and derangements in cellular metabolic promenades implicated in these diseases, satisfactory strategies for the clinical management of these ailments are yet to be achieved. Therefore, the molecules targeting these cell signaling cascades may emerge as useful leads in developing newer management strategies. Osthole is an important ingredient of traditional Chinese medicinal plants, often found in various plants of the Apiaceae family and has been observed to target these aforementioned mediators. Until now, no review has been aimed to discuss the possible molecular signaling cascades involved in osthole-mediated neuroprotection at one platform. The current review aimed to explore the interplay of various mediators and the modulation of the different molecular signaling cascades in osthole-mediated neuroprotection. This review could open new insights into research involving diseases of neuronal origin, especially the effect on neurodegeneration, neurogenesis, and synaptic plasticity. The articles gathered to compose the current review were extracted by using the PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, and Web of Science databases. A methodical approach was used to integrate and discuss all published original reports describing the modulation of different mediators by osthole to confer neuroprotection at one platform to provide possible molecular pathways. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 32 articles were included in the systematic review. Moreover, literature evidence was also used to construct the biosynthetic pathway of osthole. The current review reveals that osthole promotes neurogenesis and neuronal functioning via stimulation of Notch, BDNF/Trk, and P13k/Akt signaling pathways. It upregulates the expression of various proteins, such as BDNF, TrkB, CREB, Nrf-2, P13k, and Akt. Activation of Wnt by osthole, in turn, regulates downstream GSK-1β to inhibit tau phosphorylation and β-catenin degradation to prevent neuronal apoptosis. The activation of Wnt and inhibition of oxidative stress, Aβ, and GSK-3β mediated β-catenin degradation by osthole might also be involved in mediating the protection against neurodegenerative diseases. Furthermore, it also inhibits neuroinflammation by suppressing MAPK/NF-κB-mediated transcription of genes involved in the generation of inflammatory cytokines and NLRP-3 inflammasomes. This review delineates the various underlying signaling pathways involved in mediating the neuroprotective effect of osthole. Modulation of Notch, BDNF/Trk, MAPK/NF-κB, and P13k/Akt signaling pathways by osthole confers protection against neurodegenerative diseases. The preclinical effects of osthole suggest that it could be a valuable molecule in inspiring the development of new drugs for the management of neurodegenerative diseases and demands clinical studies to explore its potential. An effort has been made to unify the varied mechanisms and target sites involved in the neuroprotective effect of osthole. The comprehensive description of the molecular pathways in the present work reflects its originality and thoroughness. The reviewed literature findings may be extrapolated to suggest the role of othole as a "biological response modifier" which contributes to neuroprotection through kinase modulatory, immunomodulatory, and anti-oxidative activity, which is documented even at lower doses. The current review attempts to emphasize the gaps in the existing literature which can be explored in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lovedeep Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, Punjab, India.
- University Institute of Pharma Sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali, 140413, Punjab, India.
| | - Rajbir Bhatti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, Punjab, India.
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3
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Zhao Y, He Y, Han L, Zhang L, Xia Y, Yin F, Wang X, Zhao D, Xu S, Qiao F, Xiao Y, Kong L. Two types of coumarins-specific enzymes complete the last missing steps in pyran- and furanocoumarins biosynthesis. Acta Pharm Sin B 2024; 14:869-880. [PMID: 38322336 PMCID: PMC10840424 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Pyran- and furanocoumarins are key representatives of tetrahydropyrans and tetrahydrofurans, respectively, exhibiting diverse physiological and medical bioactivities. However, the biosynthetic mechanisms for their core structures remain poorly understood. Here we combined multiomics analyses of biosynthetic enzymes in Peucedanum praeruptorum and in vitro functional verification and identified two types of key enzymes critical for pyran and furan ring biosynthesis in plants. These included three distinct P. praeruptorum prenyltransferases (PpPT1-3) responsible for the prenylation of the simple coumarin skeleton 7 into linear or angular precursors, and two novel CYP450 cyclases (PpDC and PpOC) crucial for the cyclization of the linear/angular precursors into either tetrahydropyran or tetrahydrofuran scaffolds. Biochemical analyses of cyclases indicated that acid/base-assisted epoxide ring opening contributed to the enzyme-catalyzed tetrahydropyran and tetrahydrofuran ring refactoring. The possible acid/base-assisted catalytic mechanisms of the identified cyclases were theoretically investigated and assessed using site-specific mutagenesis. We identified two possible acidic amino acids Glu303 in PpDC and Asp301 in PpOC as vital in the catalytic process. This study provides new enzymatic tools in the epoxide formation/epoxide-opening mediated cascade reaction and exemplifies how plants become chemically diverse in terms of enzyme function and catalytic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucheng Zhao
- Department of Resources Science of Traditional Chinese Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yuedong He
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Liangliang Han
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Libo Zhang
- Department of Resources Science of Traditional Chinese Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yuanzheng Xia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Fucheng Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xiaobing Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Deqing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 517317, China
| | - Sheng Xu
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Fei Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 517317, China
| | - Yibei Xiao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Lingyi Kong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
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Schelkunov MI, Shtratnikova VY, Klepikova AV, Makarenko MS, Omelchenko DO, Novikova LA, Obukhova EN, Bogdanov VP, Penin AA, Logacheva MD. The genome of the toxic invasive species Heracleum sosnowskyi carries an increased number of genes despite absence of recent whole-genome duplications. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 117:449-463. [PMID: 37846604 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Heracleum sosnowskyi, belonging to a group of giant hogweeds, is a plant with large effects on ecosystems and human health. It is an invasive species that contributes to the deterioration of grassland ecosystems. The ability of H. sosnowskyi to produce linear furanocoumarins (FCs), photosensitizing compounds, makes it very dangerous. At the same time, linear FCs are compounds with high pharmaceutical value used in skin disease therapies. Despite this high importance, it has not been the focus of genetic and genomic studies. Here, we report a chromosome-scale assembly of Sosnowsky's hogweed genome. Genomic analysis revealed an unusually high number of genes (55106) in the hogweed genome, in contrast to the 25-35 thousand found in most plants. However, we did not find any traces of recent whole-genome duplications not shared with its confamiliar, Daucus carota (carrot), which has approximately thirty thousand genes. The analysis of the genomic proximity of duplicated genes indicates on tandem duplications as a main reason for this increase. We performed a genome-wide search of the genes of the FC biosynthesis pathway and surveyed their expression in aboveground plant parts. Using a combination of expression data and phylogenetic analysis, we found candidate genes for psoralen synthase and experimentally showed the activity of one of them using a heterologous yeast expression system. These findings expand our knowledge on the evolution of gene space in plants and lay a foundation for further analysis of hogweed as an invasive plant and as a source of FCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail I Schelkunov
- Institute for Information Transmission Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Viktoria Yu Shtratnikova
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna V Klepikova
- Institute for Information Transmission Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maksim S Makarenko
- Institute for Information Transmission Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Denis O Omelchenko
- Institute for Information Transmission Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Lyudmila A Novikova
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Viktor P Bogdanov
- Life Sciences Research Center, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudniy, Russia
| | - Aleksey A Penin
- Institute for Information Transmission Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria D Logacheva
- Institute for Information Transmission Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow, Russia
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5
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Wang Z, Zhou Y, Wang Y, Yan X. Reconstitution and Optimization of the Marmesin Biosynthetic Pathway in Yeast. ACS Synth Biol 2023; 12:2922-2933. [PMID: 37767718 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.3c00267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Marmesin is essential in plant defense systems and exhibits various biological activities. In this study, we reconstituted the marmesin biosynthetic pathway in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae BY4741 chassis. We engineered the aromatic amino acid (AAA) biosynthetic pathways by introducing Escherichia coli-derived ppsA to improve the availability of the AAA precursor phosphoenolpyruvate, overexpressing the feedback inhibition resistance genes ARO4K229L and ARO7G141S to direct the metabolic flux toward the tyrosine branch, and deleting ARO10, PDC5, and PDC6 to reduce the byproducts from the Ehrlich pathway. The umbelliferone 6-dimethylallyltransferase (U6DT) and marmesin synthase (MS) involved in marmesin synthesis were optimized to increase marmesin production. Marmesin production was improved by truncating the transmembrane domains of PcU6DT, FcMS, and AtCPR1 and increasing the copy numbers of the genes encoding the truncated enzymes. Finally, a marmesin titer of 27.7 mg/L was obtained in shake flasks using the engineered yeast strain MU5. The constructed marmesin-producing strain provides the foundation for the green and large-scale production of pharmaceutically important furanocoumarins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yuefei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Xiaohui Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
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Rodrigues JL, Gomes D, Rodrigues LR. Challenges in the Heterologous Production of Furanocoumarins in Escherichia coli. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27217230. [PMID: 36364054 PMCID: PMC9656933 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Coumarins and furanocoumarins are plant secondary metabolites with known biological activities. As they are present in low amounts in plants, their heterologous production emerged as a more sustainable and efficient approach to plant extraction. Although coumarins biosynthesis has been positively established, furanocoumarin biosynthesis has been far more challenging. This study aims to evaluate if Escherichia coli could be a suitable host for furanocoumarin biosynthesis. The biosynthetic pathway for coumarins biosynthesis in E. coli was effectively constructed, leading to the production of umbelliferone, esculetin and scopoletin (128.7, 17.6, and 15.7 µM, respectively, from tyrosine). However, it was not possible to complete the pathway with the enzymes that ultimately lead to furanocoumarins production. Prenyltransferase, psoralen synthase, and marmesin synthase did not show any activity when expressed in E. coli. Several strategies were tested to improve the enzymes solubility and activity with no success, including removing potential N-terminal transit peptides and expression of cytochrome P450 reductases, chaperones and/or enzymes to increase dimethylallylpyrophosphate availability. Considering the results herein obtained, E. coli does not seem to be an appropriate host to express these enzymes. However, new alternative microbial enzymes may be a suitable option for reconstituting the furanocoumarins pathway in E. coli. Nevertheless, until further microbial enzymes are identified, Saccharomyces cerevisiae may be considered a preferred host as it has already been proven to successfully express some of these plant enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana L. Rodrigues
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- LABBELS—Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +35-125-360-4423
| | - Daniela Gomes
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- LABBELS—Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Lígia R. Rodrigues
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- LABBELS—Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
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Song JJ, Fang X, Li CY, Jiang Y, Li JX, Wu S, Guo J, Liu Y, Fan H, Huang YB, Wei YK, Kong Y, Zhao Q, Xu JJ, Hu YH, Chen XY, Yang L. A 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase converts dihydrofuran to furan in Salvia diterpenoids. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 188:1496-1506. [PMID: 34893909 PMCID: PMC8896610 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Tanshinone ⅡA (TⅡA), a diterpene quinone with a furan ring, is a bioactive compound found in the medicinal herb redroot sage (Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge), in which both furan and dihydrofuran analogs are present in abundance. Progress has been made recently in elucidating the tanshinone biosynthetic pathway, including heterocyclization of the dihydrofuran D-ring by cytochrome P450s; however, dehydrogenation of dihydrofuran to furan, a key step of furan ring formation, remains uncharacterized. Here, by differential transcriptome mining, we identified six 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase (2-ODD) genes whose expressions corresponded to tanshinone biosynthesis. We showed that Sm2-ODD14 acts as a dehydrogenase catalyzing the furan ring aromatization. In vitro Sm2-ODD14 converted cryptotanshinone to TⅡA and thus was designated TⅡA synthase (SmTⅡAS). Furthermore, SmTⅡAS showed a strict substrate specificity, and repression of SmTⅡAS expression in hairy root by RNAi led to increased accumulation of total dihydrofuran-tanshinones and decreased production of furan-tanshinones. We conclude that SmTⅡAS controls the metabolite flux from dihydrofuran- to furan-tanshinones, which influences medicinal properties of S. miltiorrhiza.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao-Jiao Song
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai 201602, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xin Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Chen-Yi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences/Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yan Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai 201602, China
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Jian-Xu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences/Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Sheng Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai 201602, China
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - Juan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai 201602, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hang Fan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai 201602, China
| | - Yan-Bo Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai 201602, China
| | - Yu-Kun Wei
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai 201602, China
| | - Yu Kong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai 201602, China
| | - Qing Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai 201602, China
| | - Jing-Jing Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai 201602, China
| | - Yong-Hong Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai 201602, China
| | - Xiao-Ya Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai 201602, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences/Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai 201602, China
- Author for communication:
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8
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Yang B, Liu SH, He Y, Li Y, Feng L, Zhang M, Zhao J, Zhang Y, Yu X, Chen H, Hou D, Zhao J, Yu M. Integration of transcriptomics and metabolomics to identify key coumarin biosynthetic genes in Bupleurum chinense. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2021.2023327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yang
- Department of Agronomy, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Shi-Hang Liu
- Department of Genetic Resources, Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yilian He
- Department of Agronomy, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yuchan Li
- Department of Agronomy, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Liang Feng
- Department of Agronomy, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Agronomy, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Department of Agronomy, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yiguan Zhang
- Department of Genetic Resources, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Xia Yu
- Department of Genetic, Genetic Research Institute, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yongchuan, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Hua Chen
- Department of Agronomy, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Dabin Hou
- Department of Agronomy, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Junning Zhao
- Department of Genetic Resources, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Ma Yu
- Department of Agronomy, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, PR China
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Villard C, Munakata R, Kitajima S, van Velzen R, Schranz ME, Larbat R, Hehn A. A new P450 involved in the furanocoumarin pathway underlies a recent case of convergent evolution. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 231:1923-1939. [PMID: 33978969 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Furanocoumarins are phytoalexins often cited as an example to illustrate the arms race between plants and herbivorous insects. They are distributed in a limited number of phylogenetically distant plant lineages, but synthesized through a similar pathway, which raised the question of a unique or multiple emergence in higher plants. The furanocoumarin pathway was investigated in the fig tree (Ficus carica, Moraceae). Transcriptomic and metabolomic approaches led to the identification of CYP76F112, a cytochrome P450 catalyzing an original reaction. CYP76F112 emergence was inquired using phylogenetics combined with in silico modeling and site-directed mutagenesis. CYP76F112 was found to convert demethylsuberosin into marmesin with a very high affinity. This atypical cyclization reaction represents a key step within the polyphenol biosynthesis pathway. CYP76F112 evolutionary patterns suggests that the marmesin synthase activity appeared recently in the Moraceae family, through a lineage-specific expansion and diversification. The characterization of CYP76F112 as the first known marmesin synthase opens new prospects for the use of the furanocoumarin pathway. It also supports the multiple acquisition of furanocoumarin in angiosperms by convergent evolution, and opens new perspectives regarding the ability of cytochromes P450 to evolve new functions related to plant adaptation to their environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cloé Villard
- LAE, Université de Lorraine-INRAE, Nancy, 54000, France
| | - Ryosuke Munakata
- Laboratory of Plant Gene Expression, Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Sakihito Kitajima
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
- The Center for Advanced Insect Research Promotion, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
| | - Robin van Velzen
- Biosystematics Group, Wageningen University and Research Center, Wageningen, 6708 PB, the Netherlands
| | - Michael Eric Schranz
- Biosystematics Group, Wageningen University and Research Center, Wageningen, 6708 PB, the Netherlands
| | - Romain Larbat
- LAE, Université de Lorraine-INRAE, Nancy, 54000, France
| | - Alain Hehn
- LAE, Université de Lorraine-INRAE, Nancy, 54000, France
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10
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Rodrigues JL, Rodrigues LR. Biosynthesis and heterologous production of furanocoumarins: perspectives and current challenges. Nat Prod Rep 2021; 38:869-879. [PMID: 33174568 DOI: 10.1039/d0np00074d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Covering: up to October 2020 Furanocoumarins are plant secondary metabolites used to treat several skin disorders, such as psoriasis and vitiligo, and also with other potential therapeutic activities. Furanocoumarins are extracted from plants where they accumulate in low amounts over long growth periods. In addition, their extraction and purification are difficult in an environmentally unfriendly and expensive process. Hence, new sustainable and greener production schemes able to overcome such limitations ought to be developed. While the heterologous production of simple coumarins has been demonstrated, the biosynthesis of more complex furanocoumarins remains greatly unexplored. Although several important steps of the pathway have been elucidated in the last decade, the complete pathway has not been completely unravelled. In this paper, we review the natural conversion of amino acids into furanocoumarins, as well as the heterologous expression of each enzyme of the pathway. We also explore the challenges that need to be addressed so that their heterologous production can become a viable alternative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana L Rodrigues
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
| | - Lígia R Rodrigues
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
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11
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Jian X, Zhao Y, Wang Z, Li S, Li L, Luo J, Kong L. Two CYP71AJ enzymes function as psoralen synthase and angelicin synthase in the biosynthesis of furanocoumarins in Peucedanum praeruptorum Dunn. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 104:327-337. [PMID: 32761540 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-020-01045-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Psoralen synthase and angelicin synthase responsible for the formation of psoralen and angelicin in Peucedanum praeruptorum Dunn were identified and functionally characterized, respectively. Furanocoumarins were reported to possess several activities such as anticancer, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective, and function as phytotoxin and allelochemical in plants. Furanocoumarins are the main bioactive ingredient in P. praeruptorum which is a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine. Phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), 4-coumarate: CoA ligase (4CL), p-coumaroyl CoA 2'-hyfroxylase (C2'H) were cloned previously to elucidate the biosynthetic mechanism of coumarin lactone ring. However, the genes involved in complex coumarins in P. praeruptorum have not been explored. Herein, putative psoralen synthase CYP71AJ49 and angelicin synthase CYP71AJ51 were cloned from P. praeruptorum. In vivo and in vitro yeast assays were conducted to confirm their activities. Furthermore, the results of High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS) verified that CYP71AJ49 catalyzed the conversion of marmesin to psoralen, and CYP71AJ51 catalyzed columbianetin to angelicin. Subsequently, the expression profile showed that CYP71AJ49 and CYP71AJ51 were easily affected by environmental conditions, especially UV and temperature. The genes tissue-specific expression and compounds tissue-specific distribution pattern indicated the existence of substance transport in P. praeruptorum. Phylogenetic analysis was conducted with 27 CYP71AJs, CYP71AJ49 and CYP71AJ51 were classified in I-4 and I-2, respectively. These results provide further insight to understand the biosynthetic mechanism of complex coumarins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyun Jian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yucheng Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziwen Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Luo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingyi Kong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Bu XL, He BB, Weng JY, Jiang CC, Zhao YL, Li SM, Xu J, Xu MJ. Constructing Microbial Hosts for the Production of Benzoheterocyclic Derivatives. ACS Synth Biol 2020; 9:2282-2290. [PMID: 32786357 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.9b00405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Natural products containing benzoheterocyclic skeletons are widely found in plants and exhibit various pharmacological activities. To address the current limited availability of these compounds, we herein demonstrate the production of benzopyran, furanocoumarins, and pyranocoumarins in Streptomyces xiamenensis by employing prenyltransferases and two substrate-promiscuous enzymes, XimD and XimE. To avoid the degradation in S. xiamenensis, furanocoumarins and pyranocoumarins were also successfully produced in Escherichia coli. The production of linear furanocoumarins (marmesin) and angular pyranocoumarins (decursinol) reached 3.6 and 3.7 mg/L in shake flasks, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the microbial production of the plant metabolites furanocoumarins and pyranocoumarins. Our study complements the missing link in the biosynthesis of pyranocoumarins by leveraging the catalytic promiscuity of microbial enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Liang Bu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Centre for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Bei-Bei He
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Centre for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Jing-Yi Weng
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Centre for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Chu-Chu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Yi-Lei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Shu-Ming Li
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Biologie und Biotechnologie, Fachbereich Pharmazie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 4, 35037 Marburg, Germany
| | - Jun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Min-Juan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Centre for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
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13
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Amaral JC, da Silva MM, da Silva MFGF, Alves TC, Ferreira AG, Forim MR, Fernandes JB, Pina ES, Lopes AA, Pereira AMS, Novelli VM. Advances in the Biosynthesis of Pyranocoumarins: Isolation and 13C-Incorporation Analysis by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Ultraviolet-Solid-Phase Extraction-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Data. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2020; 83:1409-1415. [PMID: 32372647 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b00607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Citrus sinensis and Citrus limonia were obtained by germination from seeds, and isotopic-labeling experiments using d-[1-13C]glucose were performed with the seedlings. After 60 days, the seedlings were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet-solid-phase extraction-nuclear magnetic resonance, data and the 13C enrichment patterns of xanthyletin and seselin indicated that the pyran ring was formed by the methylerythritol phosphate pathway and that the coumarin moiety was derived from the shikimate pathway in both compounds. This information regarding the biosynthetic pathway can be used to increase resistance against phytopathogens, because xanthyletin and seselin are reported to have antimicrobial activity on the growth of Xylella fastidiosa, which causes citrus variegated chlorosis in orange.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica C Amaral
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, CP 676, 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Michelli M da Silva
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, CP 676, 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - M Fátima G F da Silva
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, CP 676, 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thayana C Alves
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, CP 676, 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - A Gilberto Ferreira
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, CP 676, 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Moacir R Forim
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, CP 676, 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João B Fernandes
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, CP 676, 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Edieidia S Pina
- Unidade de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Ribeirão Preto, Avenida Costábile Romano 2201, 14096-900 Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriana A Lopes
- Unidade de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Ribeirão Preto, Avenida Costábile Romano 2201, 14096-900 Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana M S Pereira
- Unidade de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Ribeirão Preto, Avenida Costábile Romano 2201, 14096-900 Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Valdenice M Novelli
- Centro APTA Citros Sylvio Moreira, Instituto Agronômico, CP 04, 13490-970 Cordeirópolis, São Paulo, Brazil
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14
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Mahendra CK, Tan LTH, Lee WL, Yap WH, Pusparajah P, Low LE, Tang SY, Chan KG, Lee LH, Goh BH. Angelicin-A Furocoumarin Compound With Vast Biological Potential. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:366. [PMID: 32372949 PMCID: PMC7176996 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Angelicin, a member of the furocoumarin group, is related to psoralen which is well known for its effectiveness in phototherapy. The furocoumarins as a group have been studied since the 1950s but only recently has angelicin begun to come into its own as the subject of several biological studies. Angelicin has demonstrated anti-cancer properties against multiple cell lines, exerting effects via both the intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways, and also demonstrated an ability to inhibit tubulin polymerization to a higher degree than psoralen. Besides that, angelicin too demonstrated anti-inflammatory activity in inflammatory-related respiratory and neurodegenerative ailments via the activation of NF-κB pathway. Angelicin also showed pro-osteogenesis and pro-chondrogenic effects on osteoblasts and pre-chondrocytes respectively. The elevated expression of pro-osteogenic and chondrogenic markers and activation of TGF-β/BMP, Wnt/β-catenin pathway confirms the positive effect of angelicin bone remodeling. Angelicin also increased the expression of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) in osteogenesis. Other bioactivities, such as anti-viral and erythroid differentiating properties of angelicin, were also reported by several researchers with the latter even displaying an even greater aptitude as compared to the commonly prescribed drug, hydroxyurea, which is currently on the market. Apart from that, recently, a new application for angelicin against periodontitis had been studied, where reduction of bone loss was indirectly caused by its anti-microbial properties. All in all, angelicin appears to be a promising compound for further studies especially on its mechanism and application in therapies for a multitude of common and debilitating ailments such as sickle cell anaemia, osteoporosis, cancer, and neurodegeneration. Future research on the drug delivery of angelicin in cancer, inflammation and erythroid differentiation models would aid in improving the bioproperties of angelicin and efficacy of delivery to the targeted site. More in-depth studies of angelicin on bone remodeling, the pro-osteogenic effect of angelicin in various bone disease models and the anti-viral implications of angelicin in periodontitis should be researched. Finally, studies on the binding of angelicin toward regulatory genes, transcription factors, and receptors can be done through experimental research supplemented with molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Keisha Mahendra
- Biofunctional Molecule Exploratory Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group, Microbiome and Bioresource Research Strength Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Loh Teng Hern Tan
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group, Microbiome and Bioresource Research Strength Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wai Leng Lee
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Wei Hsum Yap
- School of Biosciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Priyia Pusparajah
- Medical Health and Translational Research Group, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Liang Ee Low
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of the Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Siah Ying Tang
- Chemical Engineering Discipline, School of Engineering, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
- Advanced Engineering Platform, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Kok Gan Chan
- International Genome Centre, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Learn Han Lee
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group, Microbiome and Bioresource Research Strength Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Bey Hing Goh
- Biofunctional Molecule Exploratory Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Health and Well-Being Cluster, Global Asia in the 21st Century (GA21) Platform, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
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15
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Munakata R, Kitajima S, Nuttens A, Tatsumi K, Takemura T, Ichino T, Galati G, Vautrin S, Bergès H, Grosjean J, Bourgaud F, Sugiyama A, Hehn A, Yazaki K. Convergent evolution of the UbiA prenyltransferase family underlies the independent acquisition of furanocoumarins in plants. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2020; 225:2166-2182. [PMID: 31642055 PMCID: PMC7028039 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Furanocoumarins (FCs) are plant-specialized metabolites with potent allelochemical properties. The distribution of FCs is scattered with a chemotaxonomical tendency towards four distant families with highly similar FC pathways. The mechanism by which this pathway emerged and spread in plants has not been elucidated. Furanocoumarin biosynthesis was investigated in Ficus carica (fig, Moraceae), focusing on the first committed reaction catalysed by an umbelliferone dimethylallyltransferase (UDT). Comparative RNA-seq analysis among latexes of different fig organs led to the identification of a UDT. The phylogenetic relationship of this UDT to previously reported Apiaceae UDTs was evaluated. The expression pattern of F. carica prenyltransferase 1 (FcPT1) was related to the FC contents in different latexes. Enzymatic characterization demonstrated that one of the main functions of FcPT1 is UDT activity. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that FcPT1 and Apiaceae UDTs are derived from distinct ancestors, although they both belong to the UbiA superfamily. These findings are supported by significant differences in the related gene structures. This report describes the identification of FcPT1 involved in FC biosynthesis in fig and provides new insights into multiple origins of the FC pathway and, more broadly, into the adaptation of plants to their environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Munakata
- Laboratory of Plant Gene ExpressionResearch Institute for Sustainable HumanosphereKyoto UniversityUjiKyoto611‐0011Japan
- Université de LorraineINRA, LAEF54000NancyFrance
| | - Sakihito Kitajima
- Department of Applied BiologyKyoto Institute of TechnologyMatsugasaki Sakyo‐kuKyoto606‐8585Japan
- The Center for Advanced Insect Research PromotionKyoto Institute of TechnologyMatsugasaki Sakyo‐kuKyoto606‐8585Japan
| | | | - Kanade Tatsumi
- Laboratory of Plant Gene ExpressionResearch Institute for Sustainable HumanosphereKyoto UniversityUjiKyoto611‐0011Japan
| | - Tomoya Takemura
- Laboratory of Plant Gene ExpressionResearch Institute for Sustainable HumanosphereKyoto UniversityUjiKyoto611‐0011Japan
| | - Takuji Ichino
- Laboratory of Plant Gene ExpressionResearch Institute for Sustainable HumanosphereKyoto UniversityUjiKyoto611‐0011Japan
| | | | - Sonia Vautrin
- Centre National de Ressources Genomiques Vegetales – INRA24 Chemin de Borde RougeAuzeville CS 5262731326Castanet Tolosan CedexFrance
| | - Hélène Bergès
- Centre National de Ressources Genomiques Vegetales – INRA24 Chemin de Borde RougeAuzeville CS 5262731326Castanet Tolosan CedexFrance
| | | | - Frédéric Bourgaud
- Plant Advanced Technologies – PAT19 Avenue de la forêt de Haye54500VandoeuvreFrance
| | - Akifumi Sugiyama
- Laboratory of Plant Gene ExpressionResearch Institute for Sustainable HumanosphereKyoto UniversityUjiKyoto611‐0011Japan
| | - Alain Hehn
- Université de LorraineINRA, LAEF54000NancyFrance
| | - Kazufumi Yazaki
- Laboratory of Plant Gene ExpressionResearch Institute for Sustainable HumanosphereKyoto UniversityUjiKyoto611‐0011Japan
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16
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Limones-Mendez M, Dugrand-Judek A, Villard C, Coqueret V, Froelicher Y, Bourgaud F, Olry A, Hehn A. Convergent evolution leading to the appearance of furanocoumarins in citrus plants. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 292:110392. [PMID: 32005397 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2019.110392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Furanocoumarins are defense molecules mainly described in four plant families that are phylogenetically distant. Molecular characterization of the biosynthetic pathway has been started for many years in Apiaceae and Rutaceae. The results obtained thus far in Apiaceae indicated a major role of cytochromes P450 (P450s) in the CYP71 family. In the present work, we describe the importance of another subfamily of P450s, CYP82D, identified by using a deep analysis of the citrus (Rutaceae) genome and microarray database. CYP82D64 is able to hydroxylate xanthotoxin to generate 5-OH-xanthotoxin. Minor and limited amino acid changes in the CYP82D64 coding sequence between Citrus paradisi and Citrus hystrix provide the enzyme in the latter with the ability to hydroxylate herniarin, but with low efficiency. The kinetic constants of the enzyme are consistent with those of other enzymes of this type in plants and indicate that it may be the physiological substrate. The activity of the enzyme is identical to that of CYP71AZ6 identified in parsnip, showing possible evolutionary convergence between these two families of plants. It is highly possible that these molecules are derived from the synthesis of ubiquitous coumarins throughout the plant kingdom.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Cloé Villard
- Université de Lorraine, INRA, LAE, F54000, Nancy, France
| | | | | | - Frédéric Bourgaud
- Plant Advanced Technologies SA, F-54500, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Alexandre Olry
- Université de Lorraine, INRA, LAE, F54000, Nancy, France
| | - Alain Hehn
- Université de Lorraine, INRA, LAE, F54000, Nancy, France.
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17
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Mining genes associated with furanocoumarin biosynthesis in an endangered medicinal plant, Glehnia littoralis. J Genet 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12041-019-1170-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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18
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Jamalis J, Yusof FSM, Chander S, Wahab RA, Bhagwat DP, Sankaranarayanan M, Almalki F, Ben Hadda T. Psoralen Derivatives: Recent Advances of Synthetic Strategy and Pharmacological Properties. Antiinflamm Antiallergy Agents Med Chem 2020; 19:222-239. [PMID: 31241020 PMCID: PMC7499361 DOI: 10.2174/1871523018666190625170802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Psoralen or furocoumarin is a linear three ring heterocyclic compound. Psoralens are planar, tricyclic compounds, consisting of a furan ring fused to a coumarin moiety. Psoralen has been known for a wide spectrum of biological activities, spanning from cytotoxic, photosensitizing, insecticidal, antibacterial to antifungal effect. Thus, several structural changes were introduced to explore the role of specific positions with respect to the biological activity. Convenient approaches utilized for the synthesis of psoralen skeleton can be categorized into two parts: (i) the preparation of the tricyclic ring system from resorcinol, (ii) the exocyclic modification of the intact ring system. Furthermore, although psoralens have been used in diverse ways, we mainly focus in this work on their clinical utility for the treatment of psioraisis, vitiligo and skin-related disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joazaizulfazli Jamalis
- Address correspondence to these authors at the Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia and Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah Almukkarramah, Saudi Arabia; Tel: +0133176356; E-mails: (JJ); (TBH)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Taibi Ben Hadda
- Address correspondence to these authors at the Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia and Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah Almukkarramah, Saudi Arabia; Tel: +0133176356; E-mails: (JJ); (TBH)
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19
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Galati G, Gandin A, Jolivet Y, Larbat R, Hehn A. Untargeted Metabolomics Approach Reveals Diverse Responses of Pastinaca Sativa to Ozone and Wounding Stresses. Metabolites 2019; 9:E153. [PMID: 31340592 PMCID: PMC6681050 DOI: 10.3390/metabo9070153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Stresses such as wounding or atmospheric pollutant exposure have a significant impact on plant fitness. Since it has been widely described that the metabolome directly reflects plant physiological status, a way to assess this impact is to perform a global metabolomic analysis. In this study, we investigated the effect of two abiotic stresses (mechanical wounding and ozone exposure) on parsnip metabolic balance using a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based untargeted metabolomic approach. For this purpose, parsnip leaves were submitted to an acute ozone exposure or were mechanically wounded and sampled 24, 48, and 72 h post-treatment. Multivariate and univariate statistical analyses highlighted numerous differentially-accumulated metabolic features as a function of time and treatment. Mechanical wounding led to a more differentiated response than ozone exposure. We found that the levels of coumarins and fatty acyls increased in wounded leaves, while flavonoid concentration decreased in the same conditions. These results provide an overview of metabolic destabilization through differentially-accumulated compounds and provide a better understanding of global plant metabolic changes in defense mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianni Galati
- INRA, LAE, Université de Lorraine, 54000 Nancy France
| | - Anthony Gandin
- Université de Lorraine, AgroParisTech, INRA, UMR Silva, 54000 Nancy, France
| | - Yves Jolivet
- Université de Lorraine, AgroParisTech, INRA, UMR Silva, 54000 Nancy, France
| | - Romain Larbat
- INRA, LAE, Université de Lorraine, 54000 Nancy France.
| | - Alain Hehn
- INRA, LAE, Université de Lorraine, 54000 Nancy France
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20
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Chen X, Luck K, Rabe P, Dinh CQ, Shaulsky G, Nelson DR, Gershenzon J, Dickschat JS, Köllner TG, Chen F. A terpene synthase-cytochrome P450 cluster in Dictyostelium discoideum produces a novel trisnorsesquiterpene. eLife 2019; 8:44352. [PMID: 31063135 PMCID: PMC6524965 DOI: 10.7554/elife.44352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Terpenoids are enormously diverse, but our knowledge of their biosynthesis and functions is limited. Here we report on a terpene synthase (DdTPS8)-cytochrome P450 (CYP521A1) gene cluster that produces a novel C12 trisnorsesquiterpene and affects the development of Dictyostelium discoideum. DdTPS8 catalyzes the formation of a sesquiterpene discoidol, which is undetectable from the volatile bouquet of wild type D. discoideum. Interestingly, a DdTPS8 knockout mutant lacks not only discoidol, but also a putative trisnorsesquiterpene. This compound was hypothesized to be derived from discoidol via cytochrome P450 (CYP)-catalyzed oxidative cleavage. CYP521A1, which is clustered with DdTPS8, was identified as a top candidate. Biochemical assays demonstrated that CYP521A1 catalyzes the conversion of discoidol to a novel trisnorsesquiterpene named discodiene. The DdTPS8 knockout mutant exhibited slow progression in development. This study points to the untapped diversity of natural products made by D. discoideum, which may have diverse roles in its development and chemical ecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlu Chen
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, United States
| | - Katrin Luck
- Department of Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - Patrick Rabe
- Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christopher Qd Dinh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States
| | - Gad Shaulsky
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States
| | - David R Nelson
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, United States
| | - Jonathan Gershenzon
- Department of Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - Jeroen S Dickschat
- Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Tobias G Köllner
- Department of Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, United States
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He BB, Zhou T, Bu XL, Weng JY, Xu J, Lin S, Zheng JT, Zhao YL, Xu MJ. Enzymatic Pyran Formation Involved in Xiamenmycin Biosynthesis. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b01034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bei-Bei He
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ting Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xu-Liang Bu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing-Yi Weng
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People’s Republic of China
- School of Oceanography, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuangjun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian-Ting Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi-Lei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min-Juan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People’s Republic of China
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Guengerich FP, Yoshimoto FK. Formation and Cleavage of C-C Bonds by Enzymatic Oxidation-Reduction Reactions. Chem Rev 2018; 118:6573-6655. [PMID: 29932643 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Many oxidation-reduction (redox) enzymes, particularly oxygenases, have roles in reactions that make and break C-C bonds. The list includes cytochrome P450 and other heme-based monooxygenases, heme-based dioxygenases, nonheme iron mono- and dioxygenases, flavoproteins, radical S-adenosylmethionine enzymes, copper enzymes, and peroxidases. Reactions involve steroids, intermediary metabolism, secondary natural products, drugs, and industrial and agricultural chemicals. Many C-C bonds are formed via either (i) coupling of diradicals or (ii) generation of unstable products that rearrange. C-C cleavage reactions involve several themes: (i) rearrangement of unstable oxidized products produced by the enzymes, (ii) oxidation and collapse of radicals or cations via rearrangement, (iii) oxygenation to yield products that are readily hydrolyzed by other enzymes, and (iv) activation of O2 in systems in which the binding of a substrate facilitates O2 activation. Many of the enzymes involve metals, but of these, iron is clearly predominant.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Peter Guengerich
- Department of Biochemistry , Vanderbilt University School of Medicine , Nashville , Tennessee 37232-0146 , United States.,Department of Chemistry , University of Texas-San Antonio , San Antonio , Texas 78249-0698 , United States
| | - Francis K Yoshimoto
- Department of Biochemistry , Vanderbilt University School of Medicine , Nashville , Tennessee 37232-0146 , United States.,Department of Chemistry , University of Texas-San Antonio , San Antonio , Texas 78249-0698 , United States
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Krieger C, Roselli S, Kellner-Thielmann S, Galati G, Schneider B, Grosjean J, Olry A, Ritchie D, Matern U, Bourgaud F, Hehn A. The CYP71AZ P450 Subfamily: A Driving Factor for the Diversification of Coumarin Biosynthesis in Apiaceous Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:820. [PMID: 29971079 PMCID: PMC6018538 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The production of coumarins and furanocoumarins (FCs) in higher plants is widely considered a model illustration of the adaptation of plants to their environment. In this report, we show that the multiplication of cytochrome P450 variants within the CYP71AZ subfamily has contributed to the diversification of these molecules. Multiple copies of genes encoding this enzyme family are found in Apiaceae, and their phylogenetic analysis suggests that they have different functions within these plants. CYP71AZ1 from Ammi majus and CYP71AZ3, 4, and 6 from Pastinaca sativa were functionally characterized. While CYP71AZ3 merely hydroxylated esculetin, the other enzymes accepted both simple coumarins and FCs. Superimposing in silico models of these enzymes led to the identification of different conformations of three regions in the enzyme active site. These sequences were subsequently utilized to mutate CYP71AZ4 to resemble CYP71AZ3. The swapping of these regions lead to significantly modified substrate specificity. Simultaneous mutations of all three regions shifted the specificity of CYP71AZ4 to that of CYP71AZ3, exclusively accepting esculetin. This approach may explain the evolution of this cytochrome P450 family regarding the appearance of FCs in parsnip and possibly in the Apiaceae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Célia Krieger
- Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Sandro Roselli
- Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Sandra Kellner-Thielmann
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Biologie und Biotechnologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Gianni Galati
- Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | | | - Jérémy Grosjean
- Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Alexandre Olry
- Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - David Ritchie
- INRIA Nancy, Grand-Est Research Centre, Laboratoire Lorrain De Recherche En Informatique Et Ses Applications, Nancy, France
| | - Ulrich Matern
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Biologie und Biotechnologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | | | - Alain Hehn
- Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
- *Correspondence: Alain Hehn,
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Li MY, Hou XL, Wang F, Tan GF, Xu ZS, Xiong AS. Advances in the research of celery, an important Apiaceae vegetable crop. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2017; 38:172-183. [PMID: 28423952 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2017.1312275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Celery (Apium graveolens L.), one of the most important vegetables in Apiaceae family, is cultivated worldwide and utilized in food and cosmetic industries because it is an excellent source of vitamins, phenolic compounds, volatile oils and other nutrients. Celery extracts possess various medicinal properties, such as antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and lowering blood glucose and serum lipid levels. With the rapid advancements in molecular biology and sequencing technology, studies on celery have been performed. Numerous molecular markers and regulatory genes have been discovered and applied to improve celery. Research advances, including genetic breeding, genomics research, function genes and chemical composition, regarding celery are reviewed in this paper. Further exploration and application trends are briefly described. This review provides a reference for basic and applied research on celery, an important Apiaceae vegetable crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Yao Li
- a State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , China
| | - Xi-Lin Hou
- a State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , China
| | - Feng Wang
- a State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , China
| | - Guo-Fei Tan
- a State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , China
| | - Zhi-Sheng Xu
- a State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , China
| | - Ai-Sheng Xiong
- a State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , China
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26
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Roselli S, Olry A, Vautrin S, Coriton O, Ritchie D, Galati G, Navrot N, Krieger C, Vialart G, Bergès H, Bourgaud F, Hehn A. A bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) genomic approach reveals partial clustering of the furanocoumarin pathway genes in parsnip. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 89:1119-1132. [PMID: 27943460 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Furanocoumarins are specialized metabolites that are involved in the defense of plants against phytophagous insects. The molecular and functional characterization of the genes involved in their biosynthetic pathway is only partially complete. Many recent reports have described gene clusters responsible for the biosynthesis of specialized metabolites in plants. To investigate possible co-localization of the genes involved in the furanocoumarin pathway, we sequenced parsnip BAC clones spanning two different gene loci. We found that two genes previously identified in this pathway, CYP71AJ3 and CYP71AJ4, were located on the same BAC, whereas a third gene, PsPT1, belonged to a different BAC clone. Chromosome mapping using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) indicated that PsPT1 and the CYP71AJ3-CYP71AJ4 clusters are located on two different chromosomes. Sequencing the BAC clone harboring PsPT1 led to the identification of a gene encoding an Fe(II) α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase (PsDIOX) situated in the neighborhood of PsPT1 and confirmed the occurrence of a second gene cluster involved in the furanocoumarin pathway. This enzyme metabolizes p-coumaroyl CoA, leading exclusively to the synthesis of umbelliferone, an important intermediate compound in furanocoumarin synthesis. This work provides an insight into the genomic organization of genes from the furanocoumarin biosynthesis pathway organized in more than one gene cluster. It also confirms that the screening of a genomic library and the sequencing of BAC clones represent a valuable tool to identify genes involved in biosynthetic pathways dedicated to specialized metabolite synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandro Roselli
- Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement, INRA UMR1121, 2 avenue de la forêt de Haye TSA 40602, 54518, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement, Université de Lorraine UMR1121, 2 avenue de la forêt de Haye - TSA 40602, 54518, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Alexandre Olry
- Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement, INRA UMR1121, 2 avenue de la forêt de Haye TSA 40602, 54518, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement, Université de Lorraine UMR1121, 2 avenue de la forêt de Haye - TSA 40602, 54518, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Sonia Vautrin
- Centre National de Ressources Génomiques Végétales - INRA - 24 Chemin de Borde Rouge - Auzeville CS 52627, 31326, Castanet Tolosan Cedex, France
| | - Olivier Coriton
- Plate-Forme de Cytogénétique Moléculaire - UMR1349 IGEPP INRA - Agrocampus Ouest-Université de Rennes 1, 35653, Le Rheu, France
| | - Dave Ritchie
- INRIA Nancy Grand Est, 615 rue du Jardin Botanique, 54600, Villers-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Gianni Galati
- Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement, INRA UMR1121, 2 avenue de la forêt de Haye TSA 40602, 54518, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement, Université de Lorraine UMR1121, 2 avenue de la forêt de Haye - TSA 40602, 54518, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Nicolas Navrot
- Institut de biologie moléculaire des plantes - UPR2357 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 12 rue du Général Zimmer - 67084, Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Célia Krieger
- Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement, INRA UMR1121, 2 avenue de la forêt de Haye TSA 40602, 54518, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement, Université de Lorraine UMR1121, 2 avenue de la forêt de Haye - TSA 40602, 54518, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Guilhem Vialart
- Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement, INRA UMR1121, 2 avenue de la forêt de Haye TSA 40602, 54518, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement, Université de Lorraine UMR1121, 2 avenue de la forêt de Haye - TSA 40602, 54518, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Hélène Bergès
- Centre National de Ressources Génomiques Végétales - INRA - 24 Chemin de Borde Rouge - Auzeville CS 52627, 31326, Castanet Tolosan Cedex, France
| | - Frédéric Bourgaud
- Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement, INRA UMR1121, 2 avenue de la forêt de Haye TSA 40602, 54518, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement, Université de Lorraine UMR1121, 2 avenue de la forêt de Haye - TSA 40602, 54518, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Alain Hehn
- Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement, INRA UMR1121, 2 avenue de la forêt de Haye TSA 40602, 54518, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement, Université de Lorraine UMR1121, 2 avenue de la forêt de Haye - TSA 40602, 54518, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
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Zhang X, Li S. Expansion of chemical space for natural products by uncommon P450 reactions. Nat Prod Rep 2017; 34:1061-1089. [DOI: 10.1039/c7np00028f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on unusual P450 reactions related to new chemistry, skeleton construction, structure re-shaping, and protein–protein interactions in natural product biosynthesis, which play significant roles in chemical space expansion for natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingwang Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels at Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Qingdao
- China
| | - Shengying Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels at Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Qingdao
- China
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Liu T, Yao R, Zhao Y, Xu S, Huang C, Luo J, Kong L. Cloning, Functional Characterization and Site-Directed Mutagenesis of 4-Coumarate: Coenzyme A Ligase (4CL) Involved in Coumarin Biosynthesis in Peucedanum praeruptorum Dunn. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:4. [PMID: 28144249 PMCID: PMC5239791 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Coumarins are the main bioactive compounds in Peucedanum praeruptorum Dunn, a common Chinese herbal medicine. Nevertheless, the genes involved in the biosynthesis of core structure of coumarin in P. praeruptorum have not been identified yet. 4-Coumarate: CoA ligase (4CL) catalyzes the formation of hydroxycinnamates CoA esters, and plays an essential role at the divergence point from general phenylpropanoid metabolism to major branch pathway of coumarin. Here, three novel putative 4CL genes (Pp4CL1, Pp4CL7, and Pp4CL10) were isolated from P. praeruptorum. Biochemical characterization of the recombinant proteins revealed that Pp4CL1 utilized p-coumaric and ferulic acids as its two main substrates for coumarin biosynthesis in P. praeruptorum. Furthermore, Pp4CL1 also exhibited activity toward caffeic, cinnamic, isoferulic, and o-coumaric acids and represented a bona fide 4CL. Pp4CL7 and Pp4CL10 had no catalytic activity toward hydroxycinnamic acid compounds. But they had close phylogenetic relationship to true 4CLs and were defined as 4CL-like genes. Among all putative 4CLs, Pp4CL1 was the most highly expressed gene in roots, and its expression level was significantly up-regulated in mature roots compared with seedlings. Subcellular localization studies showed that Pp4CL1 and Pp4CL10 proteins were localized in the cytosol. In addition, site-directed mutagenesis of Pp4CL1 demonstrated that amino acids of Tyr-239, Ala-243, Met-306, Ala-309, Gly-334, Lys-441, Gln-446, and Lys-526 were essential for substrate binding or catalytic activities. The characterization and site-directed mutagenesis studies of Pp4CL1 lays a solid foundation for elucidating the biosynthetic mechanisms of coumarins in P. praeruptorum and provides further insights in understanding the structure-function relationships of this important family of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Ruolan Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Yucheng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Sheng Xu
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing, China
| | - Chuanlong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Jun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Lingyi Kong, Jun Luo,
| | - Lingyi Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Lingyi Kong, Jun Luo,
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A simple, one pot synthesis of furo[3,2-c]chromenes and evaluation of antimicrobial activity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:4899-4902. [PMID: 27641471 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Revised: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis of a number of 2-cyano-4-oxo-3-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-furo[3,2-c]chromene-2-carboxylate compounds (5) have been accomplished by a simple, multicomponent one pot reaction and evaluated for in vitro antimicrobial activity against different Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains. The outcome of the screening study showed that compound 5c exhibited promising activity against Micrococcus luteus MTCC 2470 and Klebsiella planticola MTCC 530. Whereas, compound 5g exhibited excellent activity against Bacillus subtilis MTCC 121, Micrococcus luteus MTCC 2470, Klebsiella planticola MTCC 530, Escherichia coli MTCC 739 and displayed a moderate activity against Staphylococcus aureus MTCC 96 and Candida albicans MTCC 3017 when compared with Ciprofloxacin (standard control).
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Gómez-Robledo HB, Cruz-Sosa F, Bernabé-Antonio A, Guerrero-Analco A, Olivares-Romero JL, Alonso-Sánchez A, Villafán E, Ibarra-Laclette E. Identification of candidate genes related to calanolide biosynthesis by transcriptome sequencing of Calophyllum brasiliense (Calophyllaceae). BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2016; 16:177. [PMID: 27527830 PMCID: PMC4986372 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-016-0862-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Calophyllum brasiliense is highlighted as an important resource of calanolides, which are dipyranocoumarins that inhibit the reverse transcriptase of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1 RT). Despite having great medicinal importance, enzymes involved in calanolide, biosynthesis and the pathway itself, are still largely unknown. Additionally, no genomic resources exist for this plant species. RESULTS In this work, we first analyzed the transcriptome of C. brasiliense leaves, stem, and roots using a RNA-seq strategy, which provided a dataset for functional gene mining. According to the structures of the calanolides, putative biosynthetic pathways were proposed. Finally, candidate unigenes in the transcriptome dataset, potentially involved in umbelliferone and calanolide (angular pyranocoumarin) biosynthetic pathways, were screened using mainly homology-based BLAST and phylogenetic analyses. CONCLUSIONS The unigene dataset that was generated in this study provides an important resource for further molecular studies of C. brasiliense, especially for functional analysis of candidate genes involved in the biosynthetic pathways of linear and angular pyranocoumarins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilda-Beatriz Gómez-Robledo
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Anáhuac, 52786 Estado de México, México
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Escuela Médico Militar, Universidad del Ejército y Fuerza Aérea, 11200 Ciudad de México, México
| | - Francisco Cruz-Sosa
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Iztapalapa (UAM-Iztapalapa), 09340 Ciudad de México, México
| | - Antonio Bernabé-Antonio
- Departamento de Madera, Celulosa y Papel, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara, 45100 Zapopan, Jalisco México
| | - Antonio Guerrero-Analco
- Red de Estudios Moleculares Avanzados, Instituto de Ecología A.C, 91070 Xalapa, Veracruz México
| | | | | | - Emanuel Villafán
- Red de Estudios Moleculares Avanzados, Instituto de Ecología A.C, 91070 Xalapa, Veracruz México
| | - Enrique Ibarra-Laclette
- Red de Estudios Moleculares Avanzados, Instituto de Ecología A.C, 91070 Xalapa, Veracruz México
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31
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Munakata R, Olry A, Karamat F, Courdavault V, Sugiyama A, Date Y, Krieger C, Silie P, Foureau E, Papon N, Grosjean J, Yazaki K, Bourgaud F, Hehn A. Molecular evolution of parsnip (Pastinaca sativa) membrane-bound prenyltransferases for linear and/or angular furanocoumarin biosynthesis. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2016; 211:332-44. [PMID: 26918393 DOI: 10.1111/nph.13899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
In Apiaceae, furanocoumarins (FCs) are plant defence compounds that are present as linear or angular isomers. Angular isomers appeared during plant evolution as a protective response to herbivores that are resistant to linear molecules. Isomeric biosynthesis occurs through prenylation at the C6 or C8 position of umbelliferone. Here, we report cloning and functional characterization of two different prenyltransferases, Pastinaca sativa prenyltransferase 1 and 2 (PsPT1 and PsPT2), that are involved in these crucial reactions. Both enzymes are targeted to plastids and synthesize osthenol and demethylsuberosin (DMS) using exclusively umbelliferone and dimethylallylpyrophosphate (DMAPP) as substrates. Enzymatic characterization using heterologously expressed proteins demonstrated that PsPT1 is specialized for the synthesis of the linear form, demethylsuberosin, whereas PsPT2 more efficiently catalyses the synthesis of its angular counterpart, osthenol. These results are the first example of a complementary prenyltransferase pair from a single plant species that is involved in synthesizing defensive compounds. This study also provides a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms governing the angular FC biosynthetic pathway in apiaceous plants, which involves two paralogous enzymes that share the same phylogenetic origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Munakata
- Laboratory of Plant Gene Expression, Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Alexandre Olry
- Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement, INRA UMR 1121, 2 avenue de la forêt de Haye TSA 40602 54518, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement, Université de Lorraine UMR 1121, 2 avenue de la forêt de Haye TSA 40602 54518, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Fazeelat Karamat
- Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement, INRA UMR 1121, 2 avenue de la forêt de Haye TSA 40602 54518, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement, Université de Lorraine UMR 1121, 2 avenue de la forêt de Haye TSA 40602 54518, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Vincent Courdavault
- EA2106 'Biomolécules et Biotechnologies Végétales', Université François-Rabelais de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Akifumi Sugiyama
- Laboratory of Plant Gene Expression, Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Date
- Laboratory of Plant Gene Expression, Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Célia Krieger
- Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement, INRA UMR 1121, 2 avenue de la forêt de Haye TSA 40602 54518, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement, Université de Lorraine UMR 1121, 2 avenue de la forêt de Haye TSA 40602 54518, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Prisca Silie
- Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement, INRA UMR 1121, 2 avenue de la forêt de Haye TSA 40602 54518, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement, Université de Lorraine UMR 1121, 2 avenue de la forêt de Haye TSA 40602 54518, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Emilien Foureau
- EA2106 'Biomolécules et Biotechnologies Végétales', Université François-Rabelais de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Nicolas Papon
- EA2106 'Biomolécules et Biotechnologies Végétales', Université François-Rabelais de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Jérémy Grosjean
- Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement, INRA UMR 1121, 2 avenue de la forêt de Haye TSA 40602 54518, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement, Université de Lorraine UMR 1121, 2 avenue de la forêt de Haye TSA 40602 54518, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Kazufumi Yazaki
- Laboratory of Plant Gene Expression, Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Frédéric Bourgaud
- Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement, INRA UMR 1121, 2 avenue de la forêt de Haye TSA 40602 54518, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement, Université de Lorraine UMR 1121, 2 avenue de la forêt de Haye TSA 40602 54518, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Alain Hehn
- Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement, INRA UMR 1121, 2 avenue de la forêt de Haye TSA 40602 54518, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement, Université de Lorraine UMR 1121, 2 avenue de la forêt de Haye TSA 40602 54518, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
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Zhao Y, Luo J, Xu S, Wang W, Liu T, Han C, Chen Y, Kong L. Selection of Reference Genes for Gene Expression Normalization in Peucedanum praeruptorum Dunn under Abiotic Stresses, Hormone Treatments and Different Tissues. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0152356. [PMID: 27022972 PMCID: PMC4811526 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Peucedanum praeruptorum Dunn is one of the main traditional Chinese medicines producing coumarins and plenty of literatures are focused on the biosynthesis of coumarins. Quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) is a widely used method in studying the biosynthesis pathway and the selection of reference genes plays a crucial role in accurate normalization. To facilitate biosynthesis study of coumarins, twelve candidate reference genes were selected from the transcriptome database of P. praeruptorum according to previous studies. Then, BestKeeper, geNoFrm and NormFinder were used for selecting stably expressed reference genes in different tissues and under various stress treatments. The results indicated that, among the twelve candidate reference genes, the SAND family protein (SAND), actin 2 (ACT2), ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme 9 (UBC9), protein phosphatase 2A gene (PP2A) and polypyrimidine tract-binding protein (PTBP1) were the most stable reference genes under different experimental treatments, while glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and tubulin beta-6 (TUB6) were the least stable genes. In addition, the suitability of SAND, TIP41-like protein (TIP41), UBC9, ACT2, TUB6 and their combination as reference genes were confirmed by normalizing the expression of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase (ACO) in different treatments. This work is the first survey of the stability of reference genes in P. praeruptorum and provides guidelines to obtain more accurate qRT-PCR results in P. praeruptorum and other plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucheng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Jun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Sheng Xu
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Tingting Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Chao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Yijun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Lingyi Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P. R. China
- * E-mail:
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Dugrand-Judek A, Olry A, Hehn A, Costantino G, Ollitrault P, Froelicher Y, Bourgaud F. The Distribution of Coumarins and Furanocoumarins in Citrus Species Closely Matches Citrus Phylogeny and Reflects the Organization of Biosynthetic Pathways. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0142757. [PMID: 26558757 PMCID: PMC4641707 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0142757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Citrus plants are able to produce defense compounds such as coumarins and furanocoumarins to cope with herbivorous insects and pathogens. In humans, these chemical compounds are strong photosensitizers and can interact with medications, leading to the "grapefruit juice effect". Removing coumarins and furanocoumarins from food and cosmetics imply additional costs and might alter product quality. Thus, the selection of Citrus cultivars displaying low coumarin and furanocoumarin contents constitutes a valuable alternative. In this study, we performed ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry analyses to determine the contents of these compounds within the peel and the pulp of 61 Citrus species representative of the genetic diversity all Citrus. Generally, Citrus peel contains larger diversity and higher concentrations of coumarin/furanocoumarin than the pulp of the same fruits. According to the chemotypes found in the peel, Citrus species can be separated into 4 groups that correspond to the 4 ancestral taxa (pummelos, mandarins, citrons and papedas) and extended with their respective secondary species descendants. Three of the 4 ancestral taxa (pummelos, citrons and papedas) synthesize high amounts of these compounds, whereas mandarins appear practically devoid of them. Additionally, all ancestral taxa and their hybrids are logically organized according to the coumarin and furanocoumarin pathways described in the literature. This organization allows hypotheses to be drawn regarding the biosynthetic origin of compounds for which the biogenesis remains unresolved. Determining coumarin and furanocoumarin contents is also helpful for hypothesizing the origin of Citrus species for which the phylogeny is presently not firmly established. Finally, this work also notes favorable hybridization schemes that will lead to low coumarin and furanocoumarin contents, and we propose to select mandarins and Ichang papeda as Citrus varieties for use in creating species devoid of these toxic compounds in future breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audray Dugrand-Judek
- Université de Lorraine, UMR 1121 Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement Nancy-Colmar, 2 avenue de la forêt de Haye, TSA 40602, 54518, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- INRA, UMR 1121 Université de Lorraine, UMR 1121 Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement Nancy-Colmar, 2 avenue de la forêt de Haye, TSA 40602, 54518, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Alexandre Olry
- Université de Lorraine, UMR 1121 Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement Nancy-Colmar, 2 avenue de la forêt de Haye, TSA 40602, 54518, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- INRA, UMR 1121 Université de Lorraine, UMR 1121 Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement Nancy-Colmar, 2 avenue de la forêt de Haye, TSA 40602, 54518, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Alain Hehn
- Université de Lorraine, UMR 1121 Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement Nancy-Colmar, 2 avenue de la forêt de Haye, TSA 40602, 54518, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- INRA, UMR 1121 Université de Lorraine, UMR 1121 Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement Nancy-Colmar, 2 avenue de la forêt de Haye, TSA 40602, 54518, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | | | - Patrick Ollitrault
- Centro de Protección Vegetal y Biotecnología, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias (Ivia), 46113 Moncada, Valencia, Spain
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP, Station de Roujol, 97170 Petit-Bourg, Guadeloupe, France
| | - Yann Froelicher
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP, Station INRA, F-20230, San Giuliano, France
| | - Frédéric Bourgaud
- Université de Lorraine, UMR 1121 Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement Nancy-Colmar, 2 avenue de la forêt de Haye, TSA 40602, 54518, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- INRA, UMR 1121 Université de Lorraine, UMR 1121 Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement Nancy-Colmar, 2 avenue de la forêt de Haye, TSA 40602, 54518, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
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Dueholm B, Krieger C, Drew D, Olry A, Kamo T, Taboureau O, Weitzel C, Bourgaud F, Hehn A, Simonsen HT. Evolution of substrate recognition sites (SRSs) in cytochromes P450 from Apiaceae exemplified by the CYP71AJ subfamily. BMC Evol Biol 2015; 15:122. [PMID: 26111527 PMCID: PMC4482195 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-015-0396-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2014] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Large proliferations of cytochrome P450 encoding genes resulting from gene duplications can be termed as 'blooms', providing genetic material for the genesis and evolution of biosynthetic pathways. Furanocoumarins are allelochemicals produced by many of the species in Apiaceaous plants belonging to the Apioideae subfamily of Apiaceae and have been described as being involved in the defence reaction against phytophageous insects. RESULTS A bloom in the cytochromes P450 CYP71AJ subfamily has been identified, showing at least 2 clades and 6 subclades within the CYP71AJ subfamily. Two of the subclades were functionally assigned to the biosynthesis of furanocoumarins. Six substrate recognition sites (SRS1-6) important for the enzymatic conversion were investigated in the described cytochromes P450 and display significant variability within the CYP71AJ subfamily. Homology models underline a significant modification of the accession to the iron atom, which might explain the difference of the substrate specificity between the cytochromes P450 restricted to furanocoumarins as substrates and the orphan CYP71AJ. CONCLUSION Two subclades functionally assigned to the biosynthesis of furanocoumarins and four other subclades were identified and shown to be part of two distinct clades within the CYP71AJ subfamily. The subclades show significant variability within their substrate recognition sites between the clades, suggesting different biochemical functions and providing insights into the evolution of cytochrome P450 'blooms' in response to environmental pressures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bjørn Dueholm
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Plant and Environmental Science, Copenhagen Plant Science Centre, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
- University of South Australia, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Adelaide, South Australia.
| | - Célia Krieger
- UMR1121 Université de Lorraine, 2 Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, 54518, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France.
- UMR1121 INRA, 2 Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, 54518, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France.
| | - Damian Drew
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Plant and Environmental Science, Copenhagen Plant Science Centre, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
| | - Alexandre Olry
- UMR1121 Université de Lorraine, 2 Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, 54518, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France.
- UMR1121 INRA, 2 Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, 54518, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France.
| | - Tsunashi Kamo
- UMR1121 Université de Lorraine, 2 Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, 54518, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France.
- UMR1121 INRA, 2 Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, 54518, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France.
- National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, 3-1-3 Kan-nondai, Tsukuba, 305-8604, Ibaraki, Japan.
| | - Olivier Taboureau
- Technical University of Denmark, Centre for Biological and Sequence Analysis (CBS), Anker Engelunds Vej 1, 2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
- Molécules Thérapeutiques in silice (MTi), Inserm UMR-S 973 - Université Paris Diderot, Bat Lamarck A, 35 Rue Hélène Brion, 75205, Paris, France.
| | - Corinna Weitzel
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Plant and Environmental Science, Copenhagen Plant Science Centre, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
- UMR1121 Université de Lorraine, 2 Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, 54518, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France.
- UMR1121 INRA, 2 Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, 54518, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France.
| | - Frédéric Bourgaud
- UMR1121 Université de Lorraine, 2 Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, 54518, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France.
- UMR1121 INRA, 2 Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, 54518, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France.
| | - Alain Hehn
- UMR1121 Université de Lorraine, 2 Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, 54518, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France.
- UMR1121 INRA, 2 Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, 54518, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France.
| | - Henrik Toft Simonsen
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Plant and Environmental Science, Copenhagen Plant Science Centre, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
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Borah P, Naidu PS, Bhuyan PJ. Synthesis of Functionalized Dihydrofurocoumarin Derivatives from 3-Aminoalkyl-4-hydroxycoumarin. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2015.1027405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pallabi Borah
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat, Assam, India
| | - P. Seetham Naidu
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat, Assam, India
| | - Pulak J. Bhuyan
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat, Assam, India
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Zhao Y, Liu T, Luo J, Zhang Q, Xu S, Han C, Xu J, Chen M, Chen Y, Kong L. Integration of a Decrescent Transcriptome and Metabolomics Dataset of Peucedanum praeruptorum to Investigate the CYP450 and MDR Genes Involved in Coumarins Biosynthesis and Transport. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:996. [PMID: 26697023 PMCID: PMC4674560 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Peucedanum praeruptorum Dunn is well-known traditional Chinese medicine. However, little is known in the biosynthesis and the transport mechanisms of its coumarin compounds at the molecular level. Although transcriptomic sequence is playing an increasingly significant role in gene discovery, it is not sufficient in predicting the specific function of target gene. Furthermore, there is also a huge database to be analyzed. In this study, RNA sequencing assisted transcriptome dataset and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with electrospray-ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (Q-TOF MS)-based metabolomics dataset of P. praeruptorum were firstly constructed for gene discovery and compound identification. Subsequently, methyl jasmonate (MeJA)-induced gene expression analysis and metabolomics analysis were conducted to narrow-down the dataset for selecting the candidate genes and the potential marker metabolites. Finally, the genes involved in coumarins biosynthesis and transport were predicted with parallel analysis of transcript and metabolic profiles. As a result, a total of 40,952 unigenes and 19 coumarin compounds were obtained. Based on the results of gene expression and metabolomics analysis, 7 cytochrome-P450 and 8 multidrug resistance transporter unigenes were selected as candidate genes and 8 marker compounds were selected as biomarkers, respectively. The parallel analysis of gene expression and metabolites accumulation indicated that the gene labeled as 23,746, 228, and 30,922 were related to the formation of the coumarin core compounds whereas 36,276 and 9533 participated in the prenylation, hydroxylation, cyclization or structural modification. Similarly, 1462, 20,815, and 15,318 participated in the transport of coumarin core compounds while 124,029 and 324,293 participated in the transport of the modified compounds. This finding suggested that integration of a decrescent transcriptome and metabolomics dataset could largely narrow down the number of gene to be investigated and significantly improve the efficiency of functional gene predication. In addition, the large amount of transcriptomic data produced from P. praeruptorum and the genes discovered in this study would provide useful information in investigating the biosynthesis and transport mechanism of coumarins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucheng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Jun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Sheng Xu
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing, China
| | - Chao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Jinfang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Menghan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Yijun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Lingyi Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Lingyi Kong
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Chen C, Yu Q, Wei X, Cancalon PF, Gmitter, Jr. FG. Identification of genes associated with low furanocoumarin content in grapefruit. Genome 2014; 57:537-45. [DOI: 10.1139/gen-2014-0164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Some furanocoumarins in grapefruit (Citrus paradisi) are associated with the so-called grapefruit juice effect. Previous phytochemical quantification and genetic analysis suggested that the synthesis of these furanocoumarins may be controlled by a single gene in the pathway. In this study, cDNA-amplified fragment length polymorphism (cDNA-AFLP) analysis of fruit tissues was performed to identify the candidate gene(s) likely associated with low furanocoumarin content in grapefruit. Fifteen tentative differentially expressed fragments were cloned through the cDNA-AFLP analysis of the grapefruit variety Foster and its spontaneous low-furanocoumarin mutant Low Acid Foster. Sequence analysis revealed a cDNA-AFLP fragment, Contig 6, was homologous to a substrate-proved psoralen synthase gene, CYP71A22, and was part of citrus unigenes Cit.3003 and Csi.1332, and predicted genes Ciclev10004717m in mandarin and orange1.1g041507m in sweet orange. The two predicted genes contained the highly conserved motifs at one of the substrate recognition sites of CYP71A22. Digital gene expression profile showed the unigenes were expressed only in fruit and seed. Quantitative real-time PCR also proved Contig 6 was down-regulated in Low Acid Foster. These results showed the differentially expressed Contig 6 was related to the reduced furanocoumarin levels in the mutant. The identified fragment, homologs, unigenes, and genes may facilitate further furanocoumarin genetic study and grapefruit variety improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxian Chen
- University of Florida, Citrus Research and Education Center, 700 Experiment Station Road, Lake Alfred, FL 33850, USA
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Southeastern Fruit and Tree Nut Research Laboratory, 21 Dunbar Road, Byron, GA 31008, USA
| | - Qibin Yu
- University of Florida, Citrus Research and Education Center, 700 Experiment Station Road, Lake Alfred, FL 33850, USA
| | - Xu Wei
- University of Florida, Citrus Research and Education Center, 700 Experiment Station Road, Lake Alfred, FL 33850, USA
- Southwest University, College of Horticulture and Landscape, Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Paul F. Cancalon
- Florida Department of Citrus, Scientific Division, 700 Experiment Station Road, Lake Alfred, FL 33850, USA
| | - Fred G. Gmitter, Jr.
- University of Florida, Citrus Research and Education Center, 700 Experiment Station Road, Lake Alfred, FL 33850, USA
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Characterization of Coumarin-Specific Prenyltransferase Activities inCitrus limonPeel. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 76:1389-93. [DOI: 10.1271/bbb.120192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Karamat F, Olry A, Munakata R, Koeduka T, Sugiyama A, Paris C, Hehn A, Bourgaud F, Yazaki K. A coumarin-specific prenyltransferase catalyzes the crucial biosynthetic reaction for furanocoumarin formation in parsley. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2014; 77:627-38. [PMID: 24354545 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.12409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2013] [Revised: 12/05/2013] [Accepted: 12/06/2013] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Furanocoumarins constitute a sub-family of coumarin compounds with important defense properties against pathogens and insects, as well as allelopathic functions in plants. Furanocoumarins are divided into two sub-groups according to the alignment of the furan ring with the lactone structure: linear psoralen and angular angelicin derivatives. Determination of furanocoumarin type is based on the prenylation position of the common precursor of all furanocoumarins, umbelliferone, at C6 or C8, which gives rise to the psoralen or angelicin derivatives, respectively. Here, we identified a membrane-bound prenyltransferase PcPT from parsley (Petroselinum crispum), and characterized the properties of the gene product. PcPT expression in various parsley tissues is increased by UV irradiation, with a concomitant increase in furanocoumarin production. This enzyme has strict substrate specificity towards umbelliferone and dimethylallyl diphosphate, and a strong preference for the C6 position of the prenylated product (demethylsuberosin), leading to linear furanocoumarins. The C8-prenylated derivative (osthenol) is also formed, but to a much lesser extent. The PcPT protein is targeted to the plastids in planta. Introduction of this PcPT into the coumarin-producing plant Ruta graveolens showed increased consumption of endogenous umbelliferone. Expression of PcPT and a 4-coumaroyl CoA 2'-hydroxylase gene in Nicotiana benthamiana, which does not produce furanocoumarins, resulted in formation of demethylsuberosin, indicating that furanocoumarin production may be reconstructed by a metabolic engineering approach. The results demonstrate that a single prenyltransferase, such as PcPT, opens the pathway to linear furanocoumarins in parsley, but may also catalyze the synthesis of osthenol, the first intermediate committed to the angular furanocoumarin pathway, in other plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fazeelat Karamat
- Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement Nancy-Colmar, UMR 1121, Université de Lorraine, 2 Avenue de la Forêt de Haye TSA 40602, 54518, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France; Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement Nancy-Colmar, UMR 1121, INRA, 2 Avenue de la Forêt de Haye TSA 40602, 54518, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
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Karamat F, Olry A, Doerper S, Vialart G, Ullmann P, Werck-Reichhart D, Bourgaud F, Hehn A. CYP98A22, a phenolic ester 3'-hydroxylase specialized in the synthesis of chlorogenic acid, as a new tool for enhancing the furanocoumarin concentration in Ruta graveolens. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2012; 12:152. [PMID: 22931486 PMCID: PMC3493272 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2229-12-152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2012] [Accepted: 08/07/2012] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Furanocoumarins are molecules with proven therapeutic properties and are produced in only a small number of medicinal plant species such as Ruta graveolens. In vivo, these molecules play a protective role against phytophageous insect attack. Furanocoumarins are members of the phenylpropanoids family, and their biosynthetic pathway is initiated from p-coumaroyl coA. The enzymes belonging to the CYP98A cytochrome P450 family have been widely described as being aromatic meta-hydroxylases of various substrates, such as p-coumaroyl ester derivatives, and are involved in the synthesis of coumarins such as scopoletin. In furanocoumarin-producing plants, these enzymes catalyze the step directly downstream of the junction with the furanocoumarin biosynthetic pathway and might indirectly impact their synthesis. RESULTS In this work, we describe the cloning and functional characterization of the first CYP98A encoding gene isolated from R. graveolens. Using Nicotiana benthamiana as a heterologous expression system, we have demonstrated that this enzyme adds a 3-OH to p-coumaroyl ester derivatives but is more efficient to convert p-coumaroyl quinate into chlorogenic acid than to metabolize p-coumaroyl shikimate. Plants exposed to UV-B stress showed an enhanced expression level of the corresponding gene. The R. graveolens cyp98a22 open reading frame and the orthologous Arabidopsis thaliana cyp98a3 open reading frame were overexpressed in stable transgenic Ruta plants. Both plant series were analyzed for their production of scopoletin and furanocoumarin. A detailed analysis indicates that both genes enhance the production of furanocoumarins but that CYP98A22, unlike CYP98A3, doesn't affect the synthesis of scopoletin. CONCLUSIONS The overexpression of CYP98A22 positively impacts the concentration of furanocoumarins in R. graveolens. This gene is therefore a valuable tool to engineer plants with improved therapeutical values that might also be more resistant to phytophageous insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fazeelat Karamat
- Université de Lorraine UMR 1121, Agronomie et Environnement Nancy-Colmar, ENSAIA 2 avenue de la forêt de Haye, 54505, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- INRA UMR 1121, Agronomie et Environnement Nancy-Colmar, ENSAIA 2 avenue de la forêt de Haye, 54505, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Alexandre Olry
- Université de Lorraine UMR 1121, Agronomie et Environnement Nancy-Colmar, ENSAIA 2 avenue de la forêt de Haye, 54505, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- INRA UMR 1121, Agronomie et Environnement Nancy-Colmar, ENSAIA 2 avenue de la forêt de Haye, 54505, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Sébastien Doerper
- Université de Lorraine UMR 1121, Agronomie et Environnement Nancy-Colmar, ENSAIA 2 avenue de la forêt de Haye, 54505, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- INRA UMR 1121, Agronomie et Environnement Nancy-Colmar, ENSAIA 2 avenue de la forêt de Haye, 54505, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Guilhem Vialart
- Université de Lorraine UMR 1121, Agronomie et Environnement Nancy-Colmar, ENSAIA 2 avenue de la forêt de Haye, 54505, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- INRA UMR 1121, Agronomie et Environnement Nancy-Colmar, ENSAIA 2 avenue de la forêt de Haye, 54505, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | | | | | - Frédéric Bourgaud
- Université de Lorraine UMR 1121, Agronomie et Environnement Nancy-Colmar, ENSAIA 2 avenue de la forêt de Haye, 54505, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- INRA UMR 1121, Agronomie et Environnement Nancy-Colmar, ENSAIA 2 avenue de la forêt de Haye, 54505, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Alain Hehn
- Université de Lorraine UMR 1121, Agronomie et Environnement Nancy-Colmar, ENSAIA 2 avenue de la forêt de Haye, 54505, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- INRA UMR 1121, Agronomie et Environnement Nancy-Colmar, ENSAIA 2 avenue de la forêt de Haye, 54505, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
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Pazos-Navarro M, Dabauza M, Correal E, Hanson K, Teakle N, Real D, Nelson MN. Next generation DNA sequencing technology delivers valuable genetic markers for the genomic orphan legume species, Bituminaria bituminosa. BMC Genet 2011; 12:104. [PMID: 22171578 PMCID: PMC3265443 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2156-12-104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2011] [Accepted: 12/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bituminaria bituminosa is a perennial legume species from the Canary Islands and Mediterranean region that has potential as a drought-tolerant pasture species and as a source of pharmaceutical compounds. Three botanical varieties have previously been identified in this species: albomarginata, bituminosa and crassiuscula. B. bituminosa can be considered a genomic 'orphan' species with very few genomic resources available. New DNA sequencing technologies provide an opportunity to develop high quality molecular markers for such orphan species. RESULTS 432,306 mRNA molecules were sampled from a leaf transcriptome of a single B. bituminosa plant using Roche 454 pyrosequencing, resulting in an average read length of 345 bp (149.1 Mbp in total). Sequences were assembled into 3,838 isotigs/contigs representing putatively unique gene transcripts. Gene ontology descriptors were identified for 3,419 sequences. Raw sequence reads containing simple sequence repeat (SSR) motifs were identified, and 240 primer pairs flanking these motifs were designed. Of 87 primer pairs developed this way, 75 (86.2%) successfully amplified primarily single fragments by PCR. Fragment analysis using 20 primer pairs in 79 accessions of B. bituminosa detected 130 alleles at 21 SSR loci. Genetic diversity analyses confirmed that variation at these SSR loci accurately reflected known taxonomic relationships in original collections of B. bituminosa and provided additional evidence that a division of the botanical variety bituminosa into two according to geographical origin (Mediterranean region and Canary Islands) may be appropriate. Evidence of cross-pollination was also found between botanical varieties within a B. bituminosa breeding programme. CONCLUSIONS B. bituminosa can no longer be considered a genomic orphan species, having now a large (albeit incomplete) repertoire of expressed gene sequences that can serve as a resource for future genetic studies. This experimental approach was effective in developing codominant and polymorphic SSR markers for application in diverse genetic studies. These markers have already given new insight into genetic variation in B. bituminosa, providing evidence that a division of the botanical variety bituminosa may be appropriate. This approach is commended to those seeking to develop useful markers for genomic orphan species.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Pazos-Navarro
- Departamento de Biotecnología y Protección de cultivos, Instituto Murciano de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario y Alimentario (IMIDA), C/Mayor s/n, 30150-La Alberca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Mercedes Dabauza
- Departamento de Biotecnología y Protección de cultivos, Instituto Murciano de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario y Alimentario (IMIDA), C/Mayor s/n, 30150-La Alberca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Enrique Correal
- Departamento de Recursos Naturales, IMIDA. C/Mayor s/n, 30150-La Alberca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Kelly Hanson
- Australian Genome Research Facility, Level 5 Gehrmann Laboratories, Research Road, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Natasha Teakle
- Centre for Ecohydrology, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
- School of Plant Biology, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Daniel Real
- School of Plant Biology, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
- Department of Agriculture and Food, Western Australia, South Perth, WA 6151, Australia
- Future Farm Industries Cooperative Research Centre, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Matthew N Nelson
- School of Plant Biology, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
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Mizutani M, Sato F. Unusual P450 reactions in plant secondary metabolism. Arch Biochem Biophys 2011; 507:194-203. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2010.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2010] [Revised: 09/28/2010] [Accepted: 09/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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P450s in plant–insect interactions. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2011; 1814:36-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2010.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2010] [Revised: 09/15/2010] [Accepted: 09/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul R. Ortiz de Montellano
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, 600 16 Street, San Francisco, California 94158-2517
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Zhang X, Zummack W, Schröder D, Weinhold F, Schwarz H. Isotope-Sensitive Degenerate [1,3]-Hydrogen Migration versus Competitive Enol-Keto Tautomerization. Chemistry 2009; 15:11815-9. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200902176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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