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Chu TH, Vo MC, Lakshmi TJ, Ahn SY, Kim M, Song GY, Yang DH, Ahn JS, Kim HJ, Jung SH, Lee JJ. Novel IL-15 dendritic cells have a potent immunomodulatory effect in immunotherapy of multiple myeloma. Transl Oncol 2022; 20:101413. [PMID: 35413499 PMCID: PMC9006865 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2022.101413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Culture DCs with GM-CSF + IL-4 + IL-15 (IL-15 DCs) can be shortened for 6 days. IL-15 DCs showed high expression levels of costimulatory receptors, IFN-γ and IL-12p70. IL-15 DCs showed strong stimulation toward T, CIK and NK cells. The activated lymphocytes showed high cytotoxicity against myeloma cells.
Dendritic cells (DCs) are the most potent antigen-presenting cells, and have thus been used in clinical cancer vaccines. However, the effects of DC vaccines are still limited, leading researchers to explore novel ways to make them effective. In this study, we investigated whether human monocyte-derived DCs generated via the addition of interleukin 15 (IL-15) had a higher capacity to induce antigen-specific T cells compared to conventional DCs. We isolated CD14+ monocytes from peripheral blood from multiple myeloma (MM) patients, and induced immature DCs with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and IL-4 in the presence or absence of IL-15 for 4–6 days. Then we generated mature DCs (mDCs) with lipopolysaccharide for another 2 days [IL-15 mDCs (6 days), IL-15 mDCs (8 days), and conventional mDCs (8 days)]. IL-15 mDCs (6 days) showed higher expression of MHC I and II, CD40, CD86, and CCR7, and the secretion of IFN-γ was significantly higher compared to conventional mDCs. IL-15 mDCs (6 days) showed superior polarization of naïve T cells toward Th1 cells and a higher proportion of activated T cells, cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells, and natural killer (NK) cells for inducing strong cytotoxicity against myeloma cells, and lower proportion of regulatory T cells compared to conventional mDCs. These data imply that novel multipotent mDCs generated by the addition of IL-15, which can be cultivated in 6 days, resulted in outstanding activation of T cells, CIK cells and NK cells, and may facilitate cellular immunotherapy for cancer patients.
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Fayyaz F, Yazdanpanah N, Rezaei N. Cytokine-induced killer cells mediated pathways in the treatment of colorectal cancer. Cell Commun Signal 2022; 20:41. [PMID: 35346234 PMCID: PMC8962105 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-022-00836-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractCytokine-induced killer (CIK) cell therapy is a type of adoptive immunotherapy that due to its high proliferation rate and anti-tumor characteristics, is being investigated to treat various solid tumors. Since advanced colorectal cancer (CRC) has high mortality and poor survival rates, and the efficacy of chemotherapy and radiotherapy is limited in treatment, the application of CIK cell therapy in CRC has been evaluated in numerous studies. This review aims to summarize the clinical studies that investigated the safety and clinical efficacy of CIK cell therapy in CRC. Therefore, 1,969 enrolled CRC patients in the clinical trials, of which 842 patients received CIK cells in combination with chemotherapy with or without dendritic cell (DC) infusions, were included in the present review. Furthermore, the signaling pathways involved in CIK cell therapy and novel methods for improving migration abilities are discussed.
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Jung D, Baek YS, Lee IJ, Kim KY, Jang H, Hwang S, Jung J, Moon YW, Park KS, Choi YS, An HJ. Ex vivo expanded allogeneic natural killer cells have potent cytolytic activity against cancer cells through different receptor-ligand interactions. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2021; 40:333. [PMID: 34686187 PMCID: PMC8539797 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-02089-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Background Recently, allogeneic natural killer (NK) cells have gained considerable attention as promising immunotherapeutic tools due to their unique biological functions and characteristics. Although many NK expansion strategies have been reported previously, a deeper understanding of cryopreserved allogeneic NK cells is needed for specific therapeutic approaches. Methods We isolated CD3−CD56+ primary natural killer (pNK) cells from healthy donors and expanded them ex vivo using a GMP-compliant method without any feeder to generate large volumes of therapeutic pNK cells and cryopreserved stocks. After validation for high purity and activating phenotypes, we performed RNA sequencing of the expanded and cryopreserved pNK cells. The pNK cells were used against various cancer cell lines in 7-AAD/CFSE cytotoxicity assay. For in vivo efficacy study, NSG mice bearing subcutaneous cisplatin-resistant A2780cis xenografts were treated with our pNK cells or cisplatin. Antitumor efficacy was assessed by measuring tumor volume and weight. Results Compared to the pNK cells before expansion, pNK cells after expansion showed 2855 upregulated genes, including genes related to NK cell activation, cytotoxicity, chemokines, anti-apoptosis, and proliferation. Additionally, the pNK cells showed potent cytolytic activity against various cancer cell lines. Interestingly, our activated pNK cells showed a marked increase in NKp44 (1064-fold), CD40L (12,018-fold), and CCR5 (49-fold), and did not express the programmed cell death protein 1(PD-1). We also demonstrated the in vitro and in vivo efficacies of pNK cells against cisplatin-resistant A2780cis ovarian cancer cells having a high programmed death-ligand 1(PD-L1) and low HLA-C expression. Conclusions Taken together, our study provides the first comprehensive genome wide analysis of ex vivo-expanded cryopreserved pNK cells. It also indicates the potential use of expanded and cryopreserved pNK cells as a highly promising immunotherapy for anti-cancer drug resistant patients. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-021-02089-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daun Jung
- Department of Pathology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, 59 Yatapro Sungnam, Gyeonggi-do, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Seok Baek
- Immunotherapy Team, New Biological Entity (NBE) Research, R&D Division, CHA Biotech, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - In Jee Lee
- Immunotherapy Team, New Biological Entity (NBE) Research, R&D Division, CHA Biotech, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Yeon Kim
- Department of Pathology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, 59 Yatapro Sungnam, Gyeonggi-do, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Heejoo Jang
- Department of Pathology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, 59 Yatapro Sungnam, Gyeonggi-do, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Sohyun Hwang
- Department of Pathology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, 59 Yatapro Sungnam, Gyeonggi-do, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jieun Jung
- Center for Research & Development, CHA Advanced Research Institute, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Wha Moon
- Department of Medical Oncology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Soon Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Soo Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jung An
- Department of Pathology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, 59 Yatapro Sungnam, Gyeonggi-do, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.
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Zhang Y, Schmidt-Wolf IGH. Ten-year update of the international registry on cytokine-induced killer cells in cancer immunotherapy. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:9291-9303. [PMID: 32484595 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells represent an exceptional T-cell population uniting a T cell and natural killer cell-like phenotype in their terminally differentiated CD3+ CD56+ subset, which features non-MHC-restricted tumor-killing activity. CIK cells have provided encouraging results in initial clinical studies and revealed synergistic antitumor effects when combined with standard therapeutic procedures. We established the international registry on CIK cells (IRCC) to collect and evaluate clinical trials for the treatment of cancer patients in 2010. Moreover, our registry set new standards on the reporting of results from clinical trials using CIK cells. In the present update, a total of 106 clinical trials including 10,225 patients were enrolled in IRCC, of which 4,889 patients in over 30 distinct tumor entities were treated with CIK cells alone or in combination with conventional or novel therapies. Significantly improved median progression-free survival and overall survival were shown in 27 trials, and 9 trials reported a significantly increased 5-year survival rate. Mild adverse effects and graft-versus-host diseases were also observed in the studies. Recently, more efforts have been put into the improvement of antitumoral efficacy by CIK cells including the administration of immune checkpoint inhibitors and modification with chimeric antigen receptorc. The minimal toxicity and multiple improvements on their tumor-killing activity both make CIK cells a favorable therapeutic tool in the clinical practice of cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Department of Integrated Oncology, Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO), University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ingo G H Schmidt-Wolf
- Department of Integrated Oncology, Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO), University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Wang J, Wang Y, Han L, Shahen M, Hu C, Li F. Multi-Omics Integration Reveals a Competitive Endogenous RNAs Network for the Identification of Progression Biomarkers and the Stratification of Patients Diagnosed With Nephroblastoma. Front Oncol 2020; 10:444. [PMID: 32318341 PMCID: PMC7154083 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Specific types of nephroblastoma (Wilms' tumor, WT) are known to associate with poor overall survival. Emerging experimental evidence has demonstrated that competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks have important roles in regulating cancer occurrence, but the roles of ceRNAs in regulating the WT progression and the patient outcomes remain unclear. Using the multi-omics data of 132 WT patients collected from TARGET database, an integration analysis pipeline was performed to construct a highly reliable ceRNA network. As results, a total of 147 nodes (116 mRNAs, 15 miRNAs, and 16 lncRNAs) were identified and used to explore the underlying mechanism for WT progression. WGCNA analysis further identified several prognostic molecules, including hsa-mir-93, LINC00087 and RP5-1086K13, that significantly associated with the overall survival rate. And, enrichment analysis verified the participation of these molecules in tumor-related pathways, such as those controlling autophagy and cadherin-mediated adhesion. Importantly, the WT patients were classified into three categories according to the ceRNA network, which significantly correlated with the overall survival. In conclusion, the ceRNA network could be a promising tool to further validate the prognostic biomarkers and categories of patients diagnosed with WT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingbo Wang
- Translational Medicine Collaborative Innovation Center, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Jinan University, Shenzhen, China.,Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- School of Nursing, Weinan Vocational and Technical College, Weinan, China
| | - Liang Han
- Department of Andrology, Fangshan Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Mohamed Shahen
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Chaofeng Hu
- Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Furong Li
- Translational Medicine Collaborative Innovation Center, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Jinan University, Shenzhen, China.,Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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