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Vicogne D, Beauval N, Durin Z, Allorge D, Kondratska K, Haustrate A, Prevarskaya N, Lupashin V, Legrand D, Foulquier F. Insights into the regulation of cellular Mn 2+ homeostasis via TMEM165. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2023; 1869:166717. [PMID: 37062452 PMCID: PMC10639120 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Golgi cation homeostasis is known to be crucial for many cellular processes including vesicular fusion events, protein secretion, as well as for the activity of Golgi glycosyltransferases and glycosidases. TMEM165 was identified in 2012 as the first cation transporter related to human glycosylation diseases, namely the Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation (CDG). Interestingly, divalent manganese (Mn) supplementation has been shown to suppress the observed glycosylation defects in TMEM165-deficient cell lines, thus suggesting that TMEM165 is involved in cellular Mn homeostasis. This paper demonstrates that the origin of the Golgi glycosylation defects arises from impaired Golgi Mn homeostasis in TMEM165-depleted cells. We show that Mn supplementation fully rescues the Mn content in the secretory pathway/organelles of TMEM165-depleted cells and hence the glycosylation process. Strong cytosolic and organellar Mn accumulations can also be observed in TMEM165- and SPCA1-depleted cells upon incubation with increasing Mn concentrations, thus demonstrating the crucial involvement of these two proteins in cellular Mn homeostasis. Interestingly, our results show that the cellular Mn homeostasis maintenance in control cells is correlated with the presence of TMEM165 and that the Mn-detoxifying capacities of cells, through the activity of SPCA1, rely on the Mn-induced degradation mechanism of TMEM165. Finally, this paper highlights that TMEM165 is essential in secretory pathway/organelles Mn homeostasis maintenance to ensure both Golgi glycosylation enzyme activities and cytosolic Mn detoxification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorothée Vicogne
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F- 59000 Lille, France
| | - Nicolas Beauval
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR 4483 - IMPECS - IMPact de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé humaine, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Zoé Durin
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F- 59000 Lille, France
| | - Delphine Allorge
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR 4483 - IMPECS - IMPact de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé humaine, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Kateryna Kondratska
- Univ. Lille, INSERM U1003-PHYCEL-Physiology Cellulaire, F-59000 Lille, France; Ion Channels Science and Therapeutics, Université de Lille, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Aurélien Haustrate
- Univ. Lille, INSERM U1003-PHYCEL-Physiology Cellulaire, F-59000 Lille, France; Ion Channels Science and Therapeutics, Université de Lille, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Natasha Prevarskaya
- Univ. Lille, INSERM U1003-PHYCEL-Physiology Cellulaire, F-59000 Lille, France; Ion Channels Science and Therapeutics, Université de Lille, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Vladimir Lupashin
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Biomed 261-2, slot 505, 200 South Cedar St., Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Dominique Legrand
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F- 59000 Lille, France
| | - François Foulquier
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F- 59000 Lille, France.
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Wu M, Wu C, Song T, Pan K, Wang Y, Liu Z. Structure and transport mechanism of the human calcium pump SPCA1. Cell Res 2023; 33:533-545. [PMID: 37258749 PMCID: PMC10313705 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-023-00827-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Secretory-pathway Ca2+-ATPases (SPCAs) play critical roles in maintaining Ca2+ homeostasis, but the exact mechanism of SPCAs-mediated Ca2+ transport remains unclear. Here, we determined six cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of human SPCA1 (hSPCA1) in a series of intermediate states, revealing a near-complete conformational cycle. With the aid of molecular dynamics simulations, these structures offer a clear structural basis for Ca2+ entry and release in hSPCA1. We found that hSPCA1 undergoes unique conformational changes during ATP binding and phosphorylation compared to other well-studied P-type II ATPases. In addition, we observed a conformational distortion of the Ca2+-binding site induced by the separation of transmembrane helices 4L and 6, unveiling a distinct Ca2+ release mechanism. Particularly, we determined a structure of the long-sought CaE2P state of P-type IIA ATPases, providing valuable insights into the Ca2+ transport cycle. Together, these findings enhance our understanding of Ca2+ transport by hSPCA1 and broaden our knowledge of P-type ATPases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqi Wu
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Cang Wu
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Tiefeng Song
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kewu Pan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yong Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- The Provincial International Science and Technology Cooperation Base on Engineering Biology, International Campus of Zhejiang University, Haining, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Zhongmin Liu
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
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3
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Ray S, Gaudet R. Structures and coordination chemistry of transporters involved in manganese and iron homeostasis. Biochem Soc Trans 2023; 51:897-923. [PMID: 37283482 PMCID: PMC10330786 DOI: 10.1042/bst20210699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A repertoire of transporters plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis of biologically essential transition metals, manganese, and iron, thus ensuring cell viability. Elucidating the structure and function of many of these transporters has provided substantial understanding into how these proteins help maintain the optimal cellular concentrations of these metals. In particular, recent high-resolution structures of several transporters bound to different metals enable an examination of how the coordination chemistry of metal ion-protein complexes can help us understand metal selectivity and specificity. In this review, we first provide a comprehensive list of both specific and broad-based transporters that contribute to cellular homeostasis of manganese (Mn2+) and iron (Fe2+ and Fe3+) in bacteria, plants, fungi, and animals. Furthermore, we explore the metal-binding sites of the available high-resolution metal-bound transporter structures (Nramps, ABC transporters, P-type ATPase) and provide a detailed analysis of their coordination spheres (ligands, bond lengths, bond angles, and overall geometry and coordination number). Combining this information with the measured binding affinity of the transporters towards different metals sheds light into the molecular basis of substrate selectivity and transport. Moreover, comparison of the transporters with some metal scavenging and storage proteins, which bind metal with high affinity, reveal how the coordination geometry and affinity trends reflect the biological role of individual proteins involved in the homeostasis of these essential transition metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamayeeta Ray
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A
| | - Rachelle Gaudet
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A
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Chen Z, Watanabe S, Hashida H, Inoue M, Daigaku Y, Kikkawa M, Inaba K. Cryo-EM structures of human SPCA1a reveal the mechanism of Ca 2+/Mn 2+ transport into the Golgi apparatus. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadd9742. [PMID: 36867705 PMCID: PMC9984183 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.add9742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Secretory pathway Ca2+/Mn2+ ATPase 1 (SPCA1) actively transports cytosolic Ca2+ and Mn2+ into the Golgi lumen, playing a crucial role in cellular calcium and manganese homeostasis. Detrimental mutations of the ATP2C1 gene encoding SPCA1 cause Hailey-Hailey disease. Here, using nanobody/megabody technologies, we determined cryo-electron microscopy structures of human SPCA1a in the ATP and Ca2+/Mn2+-bound (E1-ATP) state and the metal-free phosphorylated (E2P) state at 3.1- to 3.3-Å resolutions. The structures revealed that Ca2+ and Mn2+ share the same metal ion-binding pocket with similar but notably different coordination geometries in the transmembrane domain, corresponding to the second Ca2+-binding site in sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA). In the E1-ATP to E2P transition, SPCA1a undergoes similar domain rearrangements to those of SERCA. Meanwhile, SPCA1a shows larger conformational and positional flexibility of the second and sixth transmembrane helices, possibly explaining its wider metal ion specificity. These structural findings illuminate the unique mechanisms of SPCA1a-mediated Ca2+/Mn2+ transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenghao Chen
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
- Department of Molecular and Chemical Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
| | - Satoshi Watanabe
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
- Department of Molecular and Chemical Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Hironori Hashida
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
- Department of Molecular and Chemical Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
| | - Michio Inoue
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
| | - Yasukazu Daigaku
- Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research (JFCR), Tokyo 135-8550, Japan
| | - Masahide Kikkawa
- Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Kenji Inaba
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
- Department of Molecular and Chemical Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED), Tokyo, Japan
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Martins M, Fernandes AS, Saraiva N. GOLGI: Cancer cell fate control. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2022; 145:106174. [PMID: 35182766 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2022.106174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Growing evidence connects many of the Golgi known functions with cellular events related to cancer initiation and progression, including regulation of cell survival/death, proliferation, motility, metabolism and immune evasion. However, a broad and integrated understanding of the impact of the Golgi on cancer cell phenotype has not yet been achieved. Multiple cellular events involving the Golgi are associated with protein and lipid modification and trafficking. However, less explored aspects of this enigmatic organelle also contribute to cell fate decision-making by impacting signal transduction, redox and ion homeostasis. This article focuses on the molecular mechanisms and Golgi proteins underlying the impact of the Golgi on cancer cell phenotype. Special emphasis is given to emerging knowledge on redox and ion homeostasis. Current and potential cancer progression therapeutic strategies associated with this organelle will also be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Martins
- CBIOS - Universidade Lusófona's Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana Sofia Fernandes
- CBIOS - Universidade Lusófona's Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Nuno Saraiva
- CBIOS - Universidade Lusófona's Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal.
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Golgi Metal Ion Homeostasis in Human Health and Diseases. Cells 2022; 11:cells11020289. [PMID: 35053405 PMCID: PMC8773785 DOI: 10.3390/cells11020289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The Golgi apparatus is a membrane organelle located in the center of the protein processing and trafficking pathway. It consists of sub-compartments with distinct biochemical compositions and functions. Main functions of the Golgi, including membrane trafficking, protein glycosylation, and sorting, require a well-maintained stable microenvironment in the sub-compartments of the Golgi, along with metal ion homeostasis. Metal ions, such as Ca2+, Mn2+, Zn2+, and Cu2+, are important cofactors of many Golgi resident glycosylation enzymes. The homeostasis of metal ions in the secretory pathway, which is required for proper function and stress response of the Golgi, is tightly regulated and maintained by transporters. Mutations in the transporters cause human diseases. Here we provide a review specifically focusing on the transporters that maintain Golgi metal ion homeostasis under physiological conditions and their alterations in diseases.
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He J, Rössner N, Hoang MTT, Alejandro S, Peiter E. Transport, functions, and interaction of calcium and manganese in plant organellar compartments. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 187:1940-1972. [PMID: 35235665 PMCID: PMC8890496 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) and manganese (Mn2+) are essential elements for plants and have similar ionic radii and binding coordination. They are assigned specific functions within organelles, but share many transport mechanisms to cross organellar membranes. Despite their points of interaction, those elements are usually investigated and reviewed separately. This review takes them out of this isolation. It highlights our current mechanistic understanding and points to open questions of their functions, their transport, and their interplay in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), vesicular compartments (Golgi apparatus, trans-Golgi network, pre-vacuolar compartment), vacuoles, chloroplasts, mitochondria, and peroxisomes. Complex processes demanding these cations, such as Mn2+-dependent glycosylation or systemic Ca2+ signaling, are covered in some detail if they have not been reviewed recently or if recent findings add to current models. The function of Ca2+ as signaling agent released from organelles into the cytosol and within the organelles themselves is a recurrent theme of this review, again keeping the interference by Mn2+ in mind. The involvement of organellar channels [e.g. glutamate receptor-likes (GLR), cyclic nucleotide-gated channels (CNGC), mitochondrial conductivity units (MCU), and two-pore channel1 (TPC1)], transporters (e.g. natural resistance-associated macrophage proteins (NRAMP), Ca2+ exchangers (CAX), metal tolerance proteins (MTP), and bivalent cation transporters (BICAT)], and pumps [autoinhibited Ca2+-ATPases (ACA) and ER Ca2+-ATPases (ECA)] in the import and export of organellar Ca2+ and Mn2+ is scrutinized, whereby current controversial issues are pointed out. Mechanisms in animals and yeast are taken into account where they may provide a blueprint for processes in plants, in particular, with respect to tunable molecular mechanisms of Ca2+ versus Mn2+ selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie He
- Faculty of Natural Sciences III, Plant Nutrition Laboratory, Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, D-06099 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Nico Rössner
- Faculty of Natural Sciences III, Plant Nutrition Laboratory, Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, D-06099 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Minh T T Hoang
- Faculty of Natural Sciences III, Plant Nutrition Laboratory, Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, D-06099 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Santiago Alejandro
- Faculty of Natural Sciences III, Plant Nutrition Laboratory, Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, D-06099 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Edgar Peiter
- Faculty of Natural Sciences III, Plant Nutrition Laboratory, Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, D-06099 Halle (Saale), Germany
- Author for communication:
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8
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Zhang Y, Watanabe S, Tsutsumi A, Kadokura H, Kikkawa M, Inaba K. Cryo-EM analysis provides new mechanistic insight into ATP binding to Ca 2+ -ATPase SERCA2b. EMBO J 2021; 40:e108482. [PMID: 34459010 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2021108482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ -ATPase (SERCA) 2b is a ubiquitous SERCA family member that conducts Ca2+ uptake from the cytosol to the ER. Herein, we present a 3.3 Å resolution cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structure of human SERCA2b in the E1·2Ca2+ state, revealing a new conformation for Ca2+ -bound SERCA2b with a much closer arrangement of cytosolic domains than in the previously reported crystal structure of Ca2+ -bound SERCA1a. Multiple conformations generated by 3D classification of cryo-EM maps reflect the intrinsically dynamic nature of the cytosolic domains in this state. Notably, ATP binding residues of SERCA2b in the E1·2Ca2+ state are located at similar positions to those in the E1·2Ca2+ -ATP state; hence, the cryo-EM structure likely represents a preformed state immediately prior to ATP binding. Consistently, a SERCA2b mutant with an interdomain disulfide bridge that locks the closed cytosolic domain arrangement displayed significant autophosphorylation activity in the presence of Ca2+ . We propose a novel mechanism of ATP binding to SERCA2b.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxia Zhang
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Satoshi Watanabe
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Akihisa Tsutsumi
- Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kadokura
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masahide Kikkawa
- Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Inaba
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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9
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Crosstalk among Calcium ATPases: PMCA, SERCA and SPCA in Mental Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22062785. [PMID: 33801794 PMCID: PMC8000800 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22062785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium in mammalian neurons is essential for developmental processes, neurotransmitter release, apoptosis, and signal transduction. Incorrectly processed Ca2+ signal is well-known to trigger a cascade of events leading to altered response to variety of stimuli and persistent accumulation of pathological changes at the molecular level. To counterbalance potentially detrimental consequences of Ca2+, neurons are equipped with sophisticated mechanisms that function to keep its concentration in a tightly regulated range. Calcium pumps belonging to the P-type family of ATPases: plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPase (PMCA), sarco/endoplasmic Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) and secretory pathway Ca2+-ATPase (SPCA) are considered efficient line of defense against abnormal Ca2+ rises. However, their role is not limited only to Ca2+ transport, as they present tissue-specific functionality and unique sensitive to the regulation by the main calcium signal decoding protein—calmodulin (CaM). Based on the available literature, in this review we analyze the contribution of these three types of Ca2+-ATPases to neuropathology, with a special emphasis on mental diseases.
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Zhang L, Xiao S, Kang X, Sun T, Zhou C, Xu Z, Du M, Zhang Y, Wang G, Liu Y, Zhang D, Gong M. Metabolic Conversion and Removal of Manganese Ferrite Nanoparticles in RAW264.7 Cells and Induced Alteration of Metal Transporter Gene Expression. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:1709-1724. [PMID: 33688187 PMCID: PMC7936572 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s289707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Manganese Ferrite Nanoparticles (Mn-IONPs) are widely used in biomedical field and their cytotoxicity has been initially explored, but the mechanism remains obscure. The nano-bio interactions are believed to be crucial for cytotoxicity mechanism, while little data have been acquired. Methods Mn-IONPs were synthesized by thermal decomposition of acetylacetonate precursor. After physicochemical characterization, we analyzed the metabolic conversion and removal of Mn-IONPs in RAW264.7 cells by Prussian blue staining, TEM, HRTEM and elemental quantitative analysis, followed by gene expression evaluation using quantitative RT-PCR. Results Mn-IONPs were successfully synthesized. Both the uptake and cytotoxicity of Mn-IONPs on RAW264.7 cells were time- and dose-dependent. After internalized, Mn-IONPs were passed to daughter cells with passages on. Meanwhile, Mn-IONPs were exocytosed and digested to metal ions and further excreted out, resulted in the labeling rate and ions contents decreased gradually. As ion influx related genes, the expressions of ZIP14, IRP2, FtH and DMT1 were suppressed within 24 hours but overexpressed to a plateau at the 48th hour in a dose-dependent manner. At the 72nd hour, ZIP14 and DMT1 mRNA levels decreased toward normal, while IRP2 and FtH kept up-regulated. As efflux related genes, FPN, SLC30A10 and Hamp2 genes were up-regulated within 24–72 hours; SPCA1 was suppressed at the 24th and 72nd hour, while overexpressed at the 48th hour. All the efflux related genes’ mRNA had a dose-dependent increasing manner at the corresponding time points. Conclusion Mn-IONPs showed time- and dose-dependent cytotoxicity and cell labeling rate in RAW264.7 cells. Accompanying with the intracellular catabolic breakdown and exocytosis of Mn-IONPs, RAW264.7 cells also secreted and re-uptook manganese and iron ions to maintain intracellular homeostasis in the succeeding passages. And the metabolic conversion of Mn-IONPs in RAW264.7 cells can affect the expression of ZIP14, DMT1, FPN, SLC30A10, IRP2, FtH, Hamp2 and SPCA1 genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shilin Xiao
- Department of Radiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xun Kang
- Department of Radiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Sun
- Department of Radiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyu Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongsheng Xu
- Department of Radiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengmeng Du
- Department of Radiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangxian Wang
- Department of Radiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Radiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingfu Gong
- Department of Radiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
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11
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De Loof A, Schoofs L. Two Undervalued Functions of the Golgi Apparatus: Removal of Excess Ca 2+ and Biosynthesis of Farnesol-Like Sesquiterpenoids, Possibly as Ca 2+-Pump Agonists and Membrane "Fluidizers-Plasticizers". Front Physiol 2020; 11:542879. [PMID: 33178030 PMCID: PMC7593688 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.542879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The extensive literature dealing with the Golgi system emphasizes its role in protein secretion and modification, usually without specifying from which evolutionary ancient cell physiological necessity such secretion originated. Neither does it specify which functional requirements the secreted proteins must meet. From a reinterpretation of some classical and recent data gained mainly, but not exclusively, from (insect) endocrinology, the view emerged that the likely primordial function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER)–Golgi complex in all eukaryotes was not the secretion of any type of protein but the removal of toxic excess Ca2+ from the cytoplasm. Such activity requires the concurrent secretion of large amounts of Ca2+-carrying/transporting proteins acting as a micro-conveyor belt system inside the RER–Golgi. Thus, (fitness increasing) protein secretion is subordinate to Ca2+ removal. Milk with its high content of protein and Ca2+ (60–90 mM vs. 100 nM in unstimulated mammary gland cells) is an extreme example. The sarco(endo)plasmatic reticulum Ca2+-ATPases (SERCAs) and SPCA1a Ca2+/Mn2+ transport ATPases are major players in Ca2+ removal through the Golgi. Both are blocked by the sesquiterpenoid thapsigargin. This strengthens the hypothesis (2014) that endogenous farnesol-like sesquiterpenoids (FLSs) may act as the long sought for but still unidentified agonist(s) for Ca2+-pumps in both the ER and Golgi. A second putative function also emerges. The fusion of both the incoming and outgoing transport vesicles, respectively, at the cis- and trans- side of Golgi stacks, with the membrane system requiring high flexibility and fast self-closing of the involved membranes. These properties may—possibly partially—be controlled by endogenous hydrophobic membrane “fluidizers” for which FLSs are prime candidates. A recent reexamination of unexplained classical data suggests that they are likely synthesized by the Golgi itself. This game-changing hypothesis is endorsed by several arguments and data, some of which date from 1964, that the insect corpus allatum (CA), which is the major production site of farnesol-esters, has active Golgi systems. Thus, in addition to secreting FLS, in particular juvenile hormone(s), it also secretes a protein(s) or peptide(s) with thus far unknown function. This paper suggests answers to various open questions in cell physiology and general endocrinology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnold De Loof
- Research Group of Functional Genomics and Proteomics, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Liliane Schoofs
- Research Group of Functional Genomics and Proteomics, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Friedman PC, Fridman G, Fridman A. Using cold plasma to treat warts in children: A case series. Pediatr Dermatol 2020; 37:706-709. [PMID: 32323887 DOI: 10.1111/pde.14180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Treatment of warts is especially challenging in the pediatric patient population because of the pain associated with many of available treatments. Cold atmospheric pressure plasma is a novel treatment with expanding clinical uses for a variety of skin conditions. In this case series, we present five pediatric patients who achieved full clearance of warts with cold plasma treatment. While further studies are needed, these results are promising because of the efficacy and entirely painless nature of this treatment modality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gregory Fridman
- C&J Nyheim Plasma Institute, Drexel University, Camden, NJ, USA
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Foulquier F, Legrand D. Biometals and glycosylation in humans: Congenital disorders of glycosylation shed lights into the crucial role of Golgi manganese homeostasis. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2020; 1864:129674. [PMID: 32599014 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2020.129674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
About half of the eukaryotic proteins bind biometals that participate in their structure and functions in virtually all physiological processes, including glycosylation. After reviewing the biological roles and transport mechanisms of calcium, magnesium, manganese, zinc and cobalt acting as cofactors of the metalloproteins involved in sugar metabolism and/or glycosylation, the paper will outline the pathologies resulting from a dysregulation of these metals homeostasis and more particularly Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation (CDGs) caused by ion transporter defects. Highlighting of CDGs due to defects in SLC39A8 (ZIP8) and TMEM165, two proteins transporting manganese from the extracellular space to cytosol and from cytosol to the Golgi lumen, respectively, has emphasized the importance of manganese homeostasis for glycosylation. Based on our current knowledge of TMEM165 structure and functions, this review will draw a picture of known and putative mechanisms regulating manganese homeostasis in the secretory pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Foulquier
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Lille F-59000, France
| | - Dominique Legrand
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Lille F-59000, France.
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Chen J, Sitsel A, Benoy V, Sepúlveda MR, Vangheluwe P. Primary Active Ca 2+ Transport Systems in Health and Disease. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2020; 12:cshperspect.a035113. [PMID: 31501194 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a035113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Calcium ions (Ca2+) are prominent cell signaling effectors that regulate a wide variety of cellular processes. Among the different players in Ca2+ homeostasis, primary active Ca2+ transporters are responsible for keeping low basal Ca2+ levels in the cytosol while establishing steep Ca2+ gradients across intracellular membranes or the plasma membrane. This review summarizes our current knowledge on the three types of primary active Ca2+-ATPases: the sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) pumps, the secretory pathway Ca2+- ATPase (SPCA) isoforms, and the plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPase (PMCA) Ca2+-transporters. We first discuss the Ca2+ transport mechanism of SERCA1a, which serves as a reference to describe the Ca2+ transport of other Ca2+ pumps. We further highlight the common and unique features of each isoform and review their structure-function relationship, expression pattern, regulatory mechanisms, and specific physiological roles. Finally, we discuss the increasing genetic and in vivo evidence that links the dysfunction of specific Ca2+-ATPase isoforms to a broad range of human pathologies, and highlight emerging therapeutic strategies that target Ca2+ pumps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Chen
- Laboratory of Cellular Transport Systems, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Aljona Sitsel
- Laboratory of Cellular Transport Systems, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Veronick Benoy
- Laboratory of Cellular Transport Systems, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - M Rosario Sepúlveda
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Peter Vangheluwe
- Laboratory of Cellular Transport Systems, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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