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Zhang H, Song X, Ge S, Song W, Wang F, Yin Q, Zhang M, Zhuang P, Zhang Y. Zixue Powder attenuates septic thrombosis via reducing neutrophil extracellular trap through blocking platelet STING activation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 331:118337. [PMID: 38740110 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Microthrombosis is commonly seen in sepsis and COVID-19. Zixue Powder (ZXP) is a traditional Chinese herbal formula with the potential to treat microvascular and infectious diseases. However, the role and mechanism of ZXP in sepsis-associated thrombosis remain unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY Investigating the therapeutic effectiveness and underlying mechanisms of ZXP in septic thrombosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS ZXP's compositions were examined with UPLC-QTOF-MS. The efficacy of ZXP on sepsis-induced thrombosis was assessed through various methods: liver tissue pathology was examined using hematoxylin-eosin staining, platelet count was determined by a blood cell analyzer, and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the levels of serum tissue factor (TF), thromboxane B2 (TXB2), D-Dimer, and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1). Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) were localized and expressed in liver tissues by immunofluorescence, and the number of NETs in peripheral blood was evaluated by ELISA, which measured the quantity of cf-DNA and MPO-DNA in serum. Platelet P-selectin expression and platelet-neutrophil aggregation were measured by flow cytometry, and plasma P-selectin expression was measured by ELISA. Furthermore, the mechanism of the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling pathway in ZXP's anti-sepsis thrombosis effect was investigated using the STING agonist, Western blot experiments, and immunoprecipitation experiments. RESULTS UPLC-QTOF-MS identified 40 chemical compositions of ZXP. Administration of ZXP resulted in significant improvements in liver thrombosis, platelet counts, and levels of TXB2, TF, PAI-1, and D-Dimer in septic rats. Moreover, ZXP inhibited NETs formation in both liver tissue and peripheral blood. Additionally, ZXP decreased the levels of P-selectin in both platelets and plasma, as well as the formation of platelet-neutrophil aggregates, thereby suppressing P-selectin-mediated NETs release. Immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence staining experiments revealed that ZXP attenuated P-selectin secretion by inhibiting STING-mediated assembly of platelet soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptors (SNAREs) complex, ultimately preventing inhibition of NETs formation. CONCLUSION Our study showed that ZXP effectively mitigates platelet granule secretion primarily through modulation of the STING pathway, consequently impeding NET-associated thrombosis in sepsis. These findings offer valuable insights for future research on the development and application of ZXP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Xuejiao Song
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Shining Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Wen Song
- Tianjin Hongrentang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Tianjin Hongrentang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Qingsheng Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Mixia Zhang
- College of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Pengwei Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300193, China.
| | - Yanjun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300193, China.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND We investigated the effects and mechanism of swimming on platelet function in mice fed with a high-fat diet. MATERIAL AND METHODS Mice were randomly divided into the control group (NC), high-fat group (HF), and high-fat diet combined with swimming group (FE). The FE group swam for 60 min a day, 5 days a week, for 8 weeks. RESULTS Compared with the NC group, the HF group had significant weight gain, dyslipidemia, abbreviated bleeding time after tail breakage, increased clot retraction, increased platelet aggregation rate, increased spread of platelets on fibrinogen, and increased pAKT level in platelets. Compared with the HF group, the FE group had lower body weight, improved dyslipidemia, prolonged bleeding time, reduced clot retraction, reduced platelet aggregation rate, decreased spread of platelets on fibrinogen, and decreased pAKT level in platelets. CONCLUSIONS By inhibiting the level of pAKT in platelets, swimming improves platelet dysfunction in mice fed with a high-fat diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyong Su
- Department of Physical Education, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Xiao Yu
- Department of Physical Education, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Ruzhuan Chen
- Department of Physical Education, Harbin University of Science and Technology Rongcheng Campus, Weihai, China
| | - Weihua Bian
- Department of Cell Biology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
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Smith CW. Release of α-granule contents during platelet activation. Platelets 2021; 33:491-502. [PMID: 34569425 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2021.1913576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Upon activation, platelets release a plethora of factors which help to mediate their dynamic functions in hemostasis, inflammation, wound healing, tumor metastasis and angiogenesis. The majority of these bioactive molecules are released from α-granules, which are unique to platelets, and contain an incredibly diverse repertoire of cargo including; integral membrane proteins, pro-coagulant molecules, chemokines, mitogenic, growth and angiogenic factors, adhesion proteins, and microbicidal proteins. Clinically, activation of circulating platelets has increasingly been associated with various disease states. Biomarkers indicating the level of platelet activation in patients can therefore be useful tools to evaluate risk factors to predict future complications and determine treatment strategies or evaluate antiplatelet therapy. The irreversible nature of α-granule secretion makes it ideally suited as a marker of platelet activation. This review outlines the release and contents of platelet α-granules, as well as the membrane bound, and soluble α-granule cargo proteins that can be used as biomarkers of platelet activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher W Smith
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT, Birmingham, UK
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Puntman DC, Arora S, Farina M, Toonen RF, Verhage M. Munc18-1 Is Essential for Neuropeptide Secretion in Neurons. J Neurosci 2021; 41:5980-5993. [PMID: 34103363 PMCID: PMC8276746 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3150-20.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropeptide secretion from dense-core vesicles (DCVs) controls many brain functions. Several components of the DCV exocytosis machinery have recently been identified, but the participation of a SEC1/MUNC18 (SM) protein has remained elusive. Here, we tested the ability of the three exocytic SM proteins expressed in the mammalian brain, MUNC18-1/2/3, to support neuropeptide secretion. We quantified DCV exocytosis at a single vesicle resolution on action potential (AP) train-stimulation in mouse CNS neurons (of unknown sex) using pHluorin-tagged and/or mCherry-tagged neuropeptide Y (NPY) or brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Conditional inactivation of Munc18-1 abolished all DCV exocytosis. Expression of MUNC18-1, but not MUNC18-2 or MUNC18-3, supported DCV exocytosis in Munc18-1 null neurons. Heterozygous (HZ) inactivation of Munc18-1, as a model for reduced MUNC18-1 expression, impaired DCV exocytosis, especially during the initial phase of train-stimulation, when the release was maximal. These data show that neurons critically and selectively depend on MUNC18-1 for neuropeptide secretion. Impaired neuropeptide secretion may explain aspects of the behavioral and neurodevelopmental phenotypes that were observed in Munc18-1 HZ mice.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Neuropeptide secretion from dense-core vesicles (DCVs) modulates synaptic transmission, sleep, appetite, cognition and mood. However, the mechanisms of DCV exocytosis are poorly characterized. Here, we identify MUNC18-1 as an essential component for neuropeptide secretion from DCVs. Paralogs MUNC18-2 or MUNC18-3 cannot compensate for MUNC18-1. MUNC18-1 is the first protein identified to be essential for both neuropeptide secretion and synaptic transmission. In heterozygous (HZ) Munc18-1 neurons, that have a 50% reduced MUNC18-1expression and model the human STXBP1 syndrome, DCV exocytosis is impaired, especially during the initial phase of train-stimulation, when the release is maximal. These data show that MUNC18-1 is essential for neuropeptide secretion and that impaired neuropeptide secretion on reduced MUNC18-1expression may contribute to the symptoms of STXBP1 syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniël C Puntman
- Section Functional genomics, Department of Clinical Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Universitair Medisch Centrum, Amsterdam1081 HV, The Netherlands
| | - Swati Arora
- Department of Functional Genomics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam1081 HV, The Netherlands
| | - Margherita Farina
- Section Functional genomics, Department of Clinical Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Universitair Medisch Centrum, Amsterdam1081 HV, The Netherlands
| | - Ruud F Toonen
- Department of Functional Genomics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam1081 HV, The Netherlands
| | - Matthijs Verhage
- Section Functional genomics, Department of Clinical Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Universitair Medisch Centrum, Amsterdam1081 HV, The Netherlands
- Department of Functional Genomics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam1081 HV, The Netherlands
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Ménasché G, Longé C, Bratti M, Blank U. Cytoskeletal Transport, Reorganization, and Fusion Regulation in Mast Cell-Stimulus Secretion Coupling. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:652077. [PMID: 33796537 PMCID: PMC8007931 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.652077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Mast cells are well known for their role in allergies and many chronic inflammatory diseases. They release upon stimulation, e.g., via the IgE receptor, numerous bioactive compounds from cytoplasmic secretory granules. The regulation of granule secretion and its interaction with the cytoskeleton and transport mechanisms has only recently begun to be understood. These studies have provided new insight into the interaction between the secretory machinery and cytoskeletal elements in the regulation of the degranulation process. They suggest a tight coupling of these two systems, implying a series of specific signaling effectors and adaptor molecules. Here we review recent knowledge describing the signaling events regulating cytoskeletal reorganization and secretory granule transport machinery in conjunction with the membrane fusion machinery that occur during mast cell degranulation. The new insight into MC biology offers novel strategies to treat human allergic and inflammatory diseases targeting the late steps that affect harmful release from granular stores leaving regulatory cytokine secretion intact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaël Ménasché
- Laboratory of Molecular Basis of Altered Immune Homeostasis, Imagine Institute, INSERM UMR 1163, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Cyril Longé
- Laboratory of Molecular Basis of Altered Immune Homeostasis, Imagine Institute, INSERM UMR 1163, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Manuela Bratti
- Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, INSERM UMR 1149, CNRS ERL8252, Faculté de Médecine site Bichat, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence Inflamex, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Ulrich Blank
- Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, INSERM UMR 1149, CNRS ERL8252, Faculté de Médecine site Bichat, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence Inflamex, Université de Paris, Paris, France
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SNAP23 is essential for platelet and mast cell development and required in connective tissue mast cells for anaphylaxis. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100268. [PMID: 33837726 PMCID: PMC7948755 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Degranulation, a fundamental effector response from mast cells (MCs) and platelets, is an example of regulated exocytosis. This process is mediated by SNARE proteins and their regulators. We have previously shown that several of these proteins are essential for exocytosis in MCs and platelets. Here, we assessed the role of the SNARE protein SNAP23 using conditional knockout mice, in which SNAP23 was selectively deleted from either the megakaryocyte/platelet or connective tissue MC lineages. We found that removal of SNAP23 in platelets results in severe defects in degranulation of all three platelet secretory granule types, i.e., alpha, dense, and lysosomal granules. The mutation also induces thrombocytopenia, abnormal platelet morphology and activation, and reduction in the number of alpha granules. Therefore, the degranulation defect might not be secondary to an intrinsic failure of the machinery mediating regulated exocytosis in platelets. When we removed SNAP23 expression in MCs, there was a complete developmental failure in vitro and in vivo. The developmental defects in platelets and MCs and the abnormal translocation of membrane proteins to the surface of platelets indicate that SNAP23 is also involved in constitutive exocytosis in these cells. The MC conditional deletant animals lacked connective tissue MCs, but their mucosal MCs were normal and expanded in response to an antigenic stimulus. We used this mouse to show that connective tissue MCs are required and mucosal MCs are not sufficient for an anaphylactic response.
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