1
|
Lu X, Lan X, Fu X, Li J, Wu M, Xiao L, Zeng Y. Screening Preeclampsia Genes and the Effects of CITED2 on Trophoblastic Function. Int J Gen Med 2024; 17:3493-3509. [PMID: 39161403 PMCID: PMC11330746 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s475310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Preeclampsia (PE) is a serious complication of obstetrics and represents a significant challenge in terms of understanding its underlying mechanism. It has been shown that a number of disorders involve dysregulation of the CBP/p300-interacting transactivator with glutamic acid/aspartic acid-rich carboxyl-terminal domain 2 (CITED2). However, the relationship between PE and CITED2 is still mostly unclear. This work aimed to confirm the hub genes linked to PE and explore the roles of CITED2 in trophoblast using experimental and bioinformatic methods. Methods To determine the hub genes, bioinformatics research was performed on two datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) public database. Immune infiltration analysis and enrichment analysis were also used to identify the related pathways and immune cells. PCR and WB were then used to validate the mRNA and protein levels of CITED2 in the PE samples. Finally, the expression of CITED2 was knocked down using siRNA to investigate the function of CITED2 in trophoblast development in vitro. Results The study's findings showed that the NOTCH signaling pathways, glycolysis, and hypoxia were the main areas of enrichment for the six PE-related genes that were tested. The results of immune infiltration suggest that activated NK cells and regulatory T cells may play an important role in this process. CITED2 was significantly upregulated in the PE placenta. In functional tests, the knockdown of CITED2 may enhance apoptosis while suppressing migration, invasion, and proliferation of cells. Conclusion This study offers important proof that CITED2 influences trophoblast cell function and may one day be a therapeutic target for PE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiujing Lu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xi Lan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqian Fu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lu Xiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yachang Zeng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chen Z, Chen HX, Hou HT, Yin XY, Yang Q, He GW. Identification and Functional Verification of CITED2 Gene Promoter Region in Patients with Patent Ductus Arteriosus. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16204. [PMID: 38003393 PMCID: PMC10671043 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a common congenital heart disease. CITED2 plays an important role in the development of the heart, and genetic variants in its coding region are significantly associated with cardiac malformations. However, the role of variants in the promoter region of CITED2 in the development of PDA remains unclear. We extracted the peripheral blood of 646 subjects (including 353 PDA patients and 293 unrelated healthy controls) for sequencing. We identified 13 promoter variants of the CITED2 gene (including 2 novel heterozygous variants). Of the 13 variants, 10 were found only in PDA patients. In mouse cardiomyocytes (HL-1) and rat cardiac myocytes (RCM), the transcriptional activity of the CITED2 gene promoter was significantly changed by the variants (p < 0.05). The results of the experiments of electrophoretic mobility indicated that these variants may affect the transcription of the CITED2 gene by influencing the binding ability of transcription factors. These results, combined with the JASPAR database analysis, showed that the destruction/production of transcription factor binding sites due to the variants in the promoter region of the CITED2 gene may directly or indirectly affect the binding ability of transcription factors. Our results suggest for the first time that variants at the CITED2 promoter region may cause low expression of CITED2 protein related to the formation of PDA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Chen
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Department Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Tianjin University & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Huan-Xin Chen
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Department Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Tianjin University & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Hai-Tao Hou
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Department Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Tianjin University & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Xiu-Yun Yin
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Department Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Tianjin University & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Qin Yang
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Department Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Tianjin University & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Guo-Wei He
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Department Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Tianjin University & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300457, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chen Z, Chen HX, Hou HT, Yin XY, Yang Q, He GW. Pathophysiological Role of Variants of the Promoter Region of CITED2 Gene in Sporadic Tetralogy of Fallot Patients with Cellular Function Verification. Biomolecules 2022; 12:1644. [PMID: 36358994 PMCID: PMC9687598 DOI: 10.3390/biom12111644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is a common congenital heart malformation. Genetic variants in the CITED2 coding region are known to be significantly associated with cardiac malformation, but the role of variants in the CITED2 promoter region in the development of TOF remains unclear. In this study, we investigated CITED2 promoter variants in the DNA of 605 subjects, including 312 TOF patients and 293 unrelated healthy controls, by Sanger sequencing. We identified nine CITED2 gene promoter variants (including one novel heterozygous variant). Six were found only in patients with TOF and none in the control group. The transcriptional activity of the CITED2 gene promoter in mouse cardiomyocyte (HL-1) cells was significantly altered by the six variants (p < 0.05). The results of the electrophoretic mobility change assay and JASPAR database analysis showed that these variants generated or destroyed a series of possible transcription factor binding sites, resulting in changes in the CITED2 protein expression. We conclude that CITED2 promoter variants in TOF patients affect transcriptional activity and may be involved in the occurrence and progression of TOF. These findings may provide new insights into molecular pathogenesis and potential therapeutic insights in patients with TOF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Chen
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Department Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Tianjin University & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300457, China
- School of Pharmacy, Drug Research & Development Center, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Huan-Xin Chen
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Department Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Tianjin University & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Hai-Tao Hou
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Department Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Tianjin University & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Xiu-Yun Yin
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Department Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Tianjin University & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300457, China
- School of Pharmacy, Drug Research & Development Center, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Qin Yang
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Department Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Tianjin University & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Guo-Wei He
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Department Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Tianjin University & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300457, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ramón-Landreau M, Sánchez-Puelles C, López-Sánchez N, Lozano-Ureña A, Llabrés-Mas AM, Frade JM. E2F4DN Transgenic Mice: A Tool for the Evaluation of E2F4 as a Therapeutic Target in Neuropathology and Brain Aging. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012093. [PMID: 36292945 PMCID: PMC9603043 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
E2F4 was initially described as a transcription factor with a key function in the regulation of cell quiescence. Nevertheless, a number of recent studies have established that E2F4 can also play a relevant role in cell and tissue homeostasis, as well as tissue regeneration. For these non-canonical functions, E2F4 can also act in the cytoplasm, where it is able to interact with many homeostatic and synaptic regulators. Since E2F4 is expressed in the nervous system, it may fulfill a crucial role in brain function and homeostasis, being a promising multifactorial target for neurodegenerative diseases and brain aging. The regulation of E2F4 is complex, as it can be chemically modified through acetylation, from which we present evidence in the brain, as well as methylation, and phosphorylation. The phosphorylation of E2F4 within a conserved threonine motif induces cell cycle re-entry in neurons, while a dominant negative form of E2F4 (E2F4DN), in which the conserved threonines have been substituted by alanines, has been shown to act as a multifactorial therapeutic agent for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We generated transgenic mice neuronally expressing E2F4DN. We have recently shown using this mouse strain that expression of E2F4DN in 5xFAD mice, a known murine model of AD, improved cognitive function, reduced neuronal tetraploidization, and induced a transcriptional program consistent with modulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide proteostasis and brain homeostasis recovery. 5xFAD/E2F4DN mice also showed reduced microgliosis and astrogliosis in both the cerebral cortex and hippocampus at 3-6 months of age. Here, we analyzed the immune response in 1 year-old 5xFAD/E2F4DN mice, concluding that reduced microgliosis and astrogliosis is maintained at this late stage. In addition, the expression of E2F4DN also reduced age-associated microgliosis in wild-type mice, thus stressing its role as a brain homeostatic agent. We conclude that E2F4DN transgenic mice represent a promising tool for the evaluation of E2F4 as a therapeutic target in neuropathology and brain aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Morgan Ramón-Landreau
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Neurobiology, Cajal Institute, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28002 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Sánchez-Puelles
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Neurobiology, Cajal Institute, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28002 Madrid, Spain
| | - Noelia López-Sánchez
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Neurobiology, Cajal Institute, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28002 Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna Lozano-Ureña
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Neurobiology, Cajal Institute, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28002 Madrid, Spain
| | - Aina M. Llabrés-Mas
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Neurobiology, Cajal Institute, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28002 Madrid, Spain
| | - José M. Frade
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Neurobiology, Cajal Institute, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28002 Madrid, Spain
- Cajal International Neuroscience Center, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, UAH Science and Technology Campus, Avenida León 1, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-91-585-4740
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chen Z, Chen HX, Hou HT, Yin XY, Yang Q, Han J, He GW. Genetic Variants of CITED2 Gene Promoter in Human Atrial Septal Defects: Case-Control Study and Cellular Functional Verification. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2022; 9:jcdd9100321. [PMID: 36286273 PMCID: PMC9604052 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd9100321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Atrial septal defect (ASD) is one of the most common forms of congenital heart disease (CHD). Genetic variants in the coding region of the CITED2 gene are known to be significantly correlated with CHD, but the role of variants in the promoter region of CITED2 is unknown. We investigated variants in the promoter of the CITED2 gene in 625 subjects (332 ASD and 293 healthy controls) through Sanger sequencing. Four variants in the CITED2 gene promoter were found only in eight ASD patients with zero occurrence in the control subjects (one case of g.4078A>C(rs1165649373), one case of g.4240C>A(rs1235857801), four cases of g.4935C>T(rs111470468), two cases of g.5027C>T(rs112831934)). Cellular functional analysis showed that these four variants significantly changed the transcriptional activity of the CITED2 gene promoter in HEK-293 and HL-1 cells. Electrophoretic mobility change assay results and JASPAR database analysis demonstrated that these variants created or destroyed a series of possible transcription factor binding sites, resulting in changes in the expression of CITED2 protein. We conclude that the variants of CITED2 promoter in ASD patients affect the transcriptional activity and are likely involved in the occurrence and development of ASD. These findings provide new perspectives on the pathogenesis and potential therapeutic insights of ASD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Drug Research & Development Center, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China and The Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Tianjin University & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Huan-Xin Chen
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases and Department Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Tianjin University and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Hai-Tao Hou
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases and Department Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Tianjin University and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Xiu-Yun Yin
- School of Pharmacy, Drug Research & Development Center, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China and The Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Tianjin University & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Qin Yang
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases and Department Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Tianjin University and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Jun Han
- School of Pharmacy, Drug Research & Development Center, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China
- Correspondence: (J.H.); (G.-W.H.)
| | - Guo-Wei He
- School of Pharmacy, Drug Research & Development Center, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China and The Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Tianjin University & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300457, China
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases and Department Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Tianjin University and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300457, China
- Correspondence: (J.H.); (G.-W.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
The E2F1-IREB2 axis regulates neuronal ferroptosis in cerebral ischemia. Hypertens Res 2021; 45:1085-1086. [PMID: 34952951 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-021-00837-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
7
|
Zhang L, Wang Y, Sha Y, Zhang B, Zhang R, Zhang H, Xu S, Wang H, Xu Y, Chen Y, Zhao X, Zhu J, Zhang Z, Wang C. CITED4 enhances the metastatic potential of lung adenocarcinoma. Thorac Cancer 2021; 12:1291-1302. [PMID: 33759374 PMCID: PMC8088925 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.13831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND CITED4 belongs to the CBP/p300-interacting transactivator with glutamic acid and aspartic acid-rich tail (CITED) family which is induced by various cytokines and participates in cytokine-induced proliferation and differentiation. CITED4 is induced by HB-EGF in lung cancer cells. However, it is unclear whether and how CITED4 contributes to the invasion and metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma (ADC). METHODS CITED4 expression in lung adenocarcinoma and its association with disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival were analyzed based on a cohort of 261 patients. The roles of CITED4 were validated via loss-of-function and gain-of-function experiments. The relationship between CITED4 and CLDN3 was validated by immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, and luciferase reporter assays. The function of the CITED4-CTNNB1-CLDN3 complex was fully validated and described. RESULTS CITED4 expression was significantly upregulated in ADC tissues and cells and a predictor for DFS. Downregulation of CITED4 attenuated the proliferation and invasion, whereas CITED4 overexpression enhanced these effects. Overexpression and knockdown of CITED4 resulted in the upregulation and downregulation of CLDN3, respectively. Moreover, CITED4 downregulation suppressed CLDN3-mediated ADC cell metastasis in vivo. CITED4 was highly expressed and positively correlated with CLDN3. Mechanistically, CITED4 interacted with CTNNB1 and functioned synergistically to enhance CLDN3 transcription. Importantly, CITED4 induced ADC invasion via a CLDN3-dependent pathway. CITED4 determined the level of CLDN3, which in turn affected the sensitivity of tumors to Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin treatment. CONCLUSIONS The CITED4-CTNNB1-CLDN3 axis plays a key role in the invasion and metastasis of ADC and provides a novel therapeutic target for lung cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lianmin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Yongsheng Sha
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Shilei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Hailong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Yue Xu
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Yulong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoliang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Jianquan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhenfa Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Changli Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Deng Y, Ma G, Gao F, Sun X, Liu L, Mo D, Ma N, Song L, Huo X, He H, Miao Z. SOX9 Knockdown-Mediated FOXO3 Downregulation Confers Neuroprotection Against Ischemic Brain Injury. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 8:555175. [PMID: 33791290 PMCID: PMC8006459 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.555175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Evidence exists uncovering that SRY-box transcription factor 9 (SOX9) plays a role in ischemic brain injury (IBI). Thus, the current study was conducted to elucidate the specific role of SOX9 and the mechanism by which SOX9 influenced IBI. Methods The IBI-associated regulatory factors were searched by bioinformatics analysis. The rat model of IBI was generated using middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) treatment. Neuronal cells were exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD). The expressions of SOX9, forkhead box O3 (FOXO3), transcription of Cbp/p300-interacting transactivator with Glu/Asp-rich carboxy-terminal domain 2 (CITED2), and IκB kinase α (IKKα) in OGD-treated neuronal cells were characterized using reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) assay. The interaction among CITED2, IKKα, and FOXO3 was identified by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and dual luciferase reporter gene assays. Gain- and loss-of-function experiments were performed to verify the relationship among SOX9, FOXO3, CITED2, and IKKα and to investigate their functional effects on apoptosis and the inflammatory response of OGD-treated neuronal cells as well as neurological deficit and infarct area of the rat brain. Results SOX9, FOXO3, CITED2, and IKKα were highly expressed in OGD-treated neuronal cells. Silencing of SOX9 inhibited OGD-induced neuronal apoptosis and inflammatory response and reduced the neurological deficit and infarct area of the brain in the rats, which were caused by MCAO but were reversed by overexpressing FOXO3, CITED2, or IKKα. Conclusion Taken together, our study suggested that upregulation of SOX9 promoted IBI though upregulation of the FOXO3/CITED2/IKKα axis, highlighting a basic therapeutic consideration for IBI treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Deng
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.,Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
| | - Gaoting Ma
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.,Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.,Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
| | - Xuan Sun
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.,Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
| | - Lian Liu
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.,Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
| | - Dapeng Mo
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.,Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Ma
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.,Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
| | - Ligang Song
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.,Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaochuan Huo
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.,Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
| | - Hongwei He
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.,Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongrong Miao
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.,Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zheng SQ, Chen HX, Liu XC, Yang Q, He GW. Genetic analysis of the CITED2 gene promoter in isolated and sporadic congenital ventricular septal defects. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:2254-2261. [PMID: 33439552 PMCID: PMC7882930 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Ventricular septal defect (VSD) is the most common congenital heart defect. Previous studies have reported genetic variations in the encoding region of CITED2 highly associated with cardiac malformation but the role of CITED2 gene promoter variations in VSD patients has not yet been explored. We investigated the variation of CITED2 gene promoter and its impacts on gene promoter activity in the DNA of paediatric VSD patients. A total of seven variations were identified by Sanger sequencing in the CITED2 gene promoter region in 400 subjects, including 200 isolated and sporadic VSD patients and 200 healthy controls. Using dual‐luciferase reporter assay, we found four of the 7 variations identified significantly decreased the transcriptional activity of the CITED2 gene promoter in HEK‐293 cells (P < .05). Further, a bioinformatic analysis with the JASPAR databases was performed and a cluster of putative binding sites for transcription factors was created or disrupted by these variations, leading to low expression of CITED2 protein and development of VSD. Our study for the first time demonstrates genetic variations in the CITED2 gene promoter in the Han Chinese population and the role of these variations in the development of VSD, providing new insights into the aetiology of CHD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Si-Qiang Zheng
- Center for Basic Medical Research & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, & Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Huan-Xin Chen
- Center for Basic Medical Research & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, & Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiao-Cheng Liu
- Center for Basic Medical Research & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, & Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Qin Yang
- Center for Basic Medical Research & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, & Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Guo-Wei He
- Center for Basic Medical Research & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, & Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.,The Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,Drug Research and Development Center, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.,Department of Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
Adrenomedullin, a peptide with multiple physiological functions in nervous system injury and disease, has aroused the interest of researchers. This review summarizes the role of adrenomedullin in neuropathological disorders, including pathological pain, brain injury and nerve regeneration, and their treatment. As a newly characterized pronociceptive mediator, adrenomedullin has been shown to act as an upstream factor in the transmission of noxious information for various types of pathological pain including acute and chronic inflammatory pain, cancer pain, neuropathic pain induced by spinal nerve injury and diabetic neuropathy. Initiation of glia-neuron signaling networks in the peripheral and central nervous system by adrenomedullin is involved in the formation and maintenance of morphine tolerance. Adrenomedullin has been shown to exert a facilitated or neuroprotective effect against brain injury including hemorrhagic or ischemic stroke and traumatic brain injury. Additionally, adrenomedullin can serve as a regulator to promote nerve regeneration in pathological conditions. Therefore, adrenomedullin is an important participant in nervous system diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Jiao Li
- College of Life Sciences, Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Neuroscience, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Si-Ru Zheng
- College of Life Sciences, Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Neuroscience, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Dong-Mei Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Neuroscience, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wu Y, Gao Z, Zhang J. Transcription Factor E2F1 Aggravates Neurological Injury in Ischemic Stroke via microRNA-122-Targeted Sprouty2. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2020; 16:2633-2647. [PMID: 33177827 PMCID: PMC7651997 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s271320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been documented that microRNAs (miRs) assume a pivotal role in the development of ischemic stroke (IS). However, it remains poorly identified about the role of miR-122 in IS. Herein, this study was intended to explore the mechanism of E2F1-orchestrated miR-122 in IS. PATIENTS AND METHODS E2F1, miR-122, and SPRY2 expression in serum from patients with IS and oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD)-treated N2a cells was detected by RT-qPCR. After gain- and loss-of-function approaches in OGD-induced N2a cells, GAFP staining, flow cytometry, and Western blot analysis were adopted to assess neuronal viability, cell cycle and apoptosis, and expression of apoptosis- and autophagy-related proteins, respectively. Meanwhile, mice with IS were induced, in which E2F1, miR-122, and SPRY2 were overexpressed, followed by evaluation of neurological deficit and cerebral infarction area. The MAPK pathway activity in tissues of mice and cells was determined. RESULTS miR-122 was down-regulated, and E2F1 and SPRY2 were up-regulated in IS patients and OGD-induced N2a cells. E2F1 inhibited miR-122 transcription, while miR-122 targeted SPRY2. Overexpression (OE) of miR-122 or down-regulation of E2F1 or SPRY2 increased viability, but decreased apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, and autophagy in OGD-induced N2a cells. In IS mice, the neurological deficit score and cerebral infarction area were elevated, which was aggravated by up-regulating E2F1 or SPRY2 but attenuated by overexpressing miR-122. E2F1/miR-122/SPRY2 axis mediated the MAPK pathway in vivo and in vitro. CONCLUSION Collectively, E2F1 reduced miR-122 transcription to up-regulate SPRY2, which inactivated MAPK pathway and promoted neurological deficit in IS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunxia Wu
- Department of Neurology, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276400, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqiang Gao
- Department of Neurology, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276400, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276400, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|