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Speelman-Rooms F, Vanmunster M, Coughlan A, Hinrichs M, Pontisso I, Barbeau S, Parpaite T, Bultynck G, Brohus M. 10th European Calcium Society symposium: The Ca2+-signaling toolkit in cell function, health and disease. Biol Open 2024; 13:bio060357. [PMID: 38661208 PMCID: PMC11070784 DOI: 10.1242/bio.060357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The 10th European Calcium Society symposium, organized in Leuven, Belgium on November 15-17, 2023, focused on the role of Ca2+ signaling in cell function, health and disease. The symposium featured six scientific sessions, 16 invited speakers - of whom two were postdoctoral researchers - and 14 short talks. The talks covered various aspects of intracellular Ca2+ signaling and its implications in pathology. Each session was opened by one or more invited speakers, followed by a series of presentations from speakers selected from submitted abstracts. Through short talks, poster presentations, awards, and sustainable travel fellowships, the symposium also fostered opportunities for the active participation of early-career researchers. At least half of the short talks were allocated to early-career researchers, thereby offering a platform for the presentation of ongoing work and unpublished results. Presentations were also broadcast in real-time for online attendees. In this Meeting Review, we aim to capture the spirit of the meeting and discuss the main take-home messages that emerged during the symposium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Femke Speelman-Rooms
- KU Leuven, Lab. Molecular & Cellular Signaling, Dep. Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Campus Gasthuisberg O/N-I bus 802, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven, Lab. Chemical Biology, Dep. Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Campus Gasthuisberg O/N-I bus 901, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maarten Vanmunster
- KU Leuven, Lab. Molecular & Cellular Signaling, Dep. Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Campus Gasthuisberg O/N-I bus 802, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Aled Coughlan
- Cardiff University, Biomedicine Division, School of Biosciences, Sir Martin Evans Building, Museum Avenue, CF10 3AX, Cardiff, Wales, UK
| | - Macarena Hinrichs
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, The Calcium Signalling Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Hamburg 20251, Germany
| | - Ilaria Pontisso
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule (I2BC) - Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-Sur-Yvette, 91190, France
| | - Solene Barbeau
- UC Louvain, Institute of Neuroscience, Pôle Cellulaire et Moléculaire, avenue Mounier 53, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Thibaud Parpaite
- UC Louvain, Institute of Neuroscience, Pôle Cellulaire et Moléculaire, avenue Mounier 53, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Geert Bultynck
- KU Leuven, Lab. Molecular & Cellular Signaling, Dep. Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Campus Gasthuisberg O/N-I bus 802, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Malene Brohus
- Aalborg University, Dept. Chemistry and Bioscience, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7H, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
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Lisek M, Tomczak J, Boczek T, Zylinska L. Calcium-Associated Proteins in Neuroregeneration. Biomolecules 2024; 14:183. [PMID: 38397420 PMCID: PMC10887043 DOI: 10.3390/biom14020183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The dysregulation of intracellular calcium levels is a critical factor in neurodegeneration, leading to the aberrant activation of calcium-dependent processes and, ultimately, cell death. Ca2+ signals vary in magnitude, duration, and the type of neuron affected. A moderate Ca2+ concentration can initiate certain cellular repair pathways and promote neuroregeneration. While the peripheral nervous system exhibits an intrinsic regenerative capability, the central nervous system has limited self-repair potential. There is evidence that significant variations exist in evoked calcium responses and axonal regeneration among neurons, and individual differences in regenerative capacity are apparent even within the same type of neurons. Furthermore, some studies have shown that neuronal activity could serve as a potent regulator of this process. The spatio-temporal patterns of calcium dynamics are intricately controlled by a variety of proteins, including channels, ion pumps, enzymes, and various calcium-binding proteins, each of which can exert either positive or negative effects on neural repair, depending on the cellular context. In this concise review, we focus on several calcium-associated proteins such as CaM kinase II, GAP-43, oncomodulin, caldendrin, calneuron, and NCS-1 in order to elaborate on their roles in the intrinsic mechanisms governing neuronal regeneration following traumatic damage processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ludmila Zylinska
- Department of Molecular Neurochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (M.L.); (J.T.); (T.B.)
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Loncke J, Luyten T, Ramos AR, Erneux C, Bultynck G. Loss of INPP5K attenuates IP 3-induced Ca 2+ responses in the glioblastoma cell line U-251 MG cells. BBA ADVANCES 2023; 4:100105. [PMID: 37842182 PMCID: PMC10568277 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadva.2023.100105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
INPP5K (inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase K) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident enzyme that acts as a phosphoinositide (PI) 5-phosphatase, capable of dephosphorylating various PIs including PI 4,5-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P2), a key phosphoinositide found in the plasma membrane. Given its ER localization and substrate specificity, INPP5K may play a role in ER-plasma membrane contact sites. Furthermore, PI(4,5)P2 serves as a substrate for phospholipase C, an enzyme activated downstream of extracellular agonists acting on Gq-coupled receptors or tyrosine-kinase receptors, leading to IP3 production and subsequent release of Ca2+ from the ER, the primary intracellular Ca2+ storage organelle. In this study, we investigated the impact of INPP5K on ER Ca2+ dynamics using a previously established INPP5K-knockdown U-251 MG glioblastoma cell model. We here describe that loss of INPP5K impairs agonist-induced, IP3 receptor (IP3R)-mediated Ca2+ mobilization in intact cells, while the ER Ca2+ content and store-operated Ca2+ influx remain unaffected. To further elucidate the underlying mechanisms, we examined Ca2+ release in permeabilized cells stimulated with exogenous IP3. Interestingly, the absence of INPP5K also disrupted IP3-induced Ca2+ release events. These results suggest that INPP5K may directly influence IP3R activity through mechanisms yet to be resolved. The findings from this study point towards role of INPP5K in modulating ER calcium dynamics, particularly in relation to IP3-mediated signaling pathways. However, further work is needed to establish the general nature of our findings and to unravel the exact molecular mechanisms underlying the interplay between INNP5K function and Ca2+ signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Loncke
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tomas Luyten
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ana Raquel Ramos
- ULB, IRIBHM, Campus Erasme, Bâtiment C, 808 Route de Lennik, Bruxelles 1070, Belgium
| | - Christophe Erneux
- ULB, IRIBHM, Campus Erasme, Bâtiment C, 808 Route de Lennik, Bruxelles 1070, Belgium
| | - Geert Bultynck
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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A preliminary, prospective study of peripheral neuropathy and cognitive function in patients with breast cancer during taxane therapy. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0275648. [PMID: 36206298 PMCID: PMC9543876 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Dramatic improvements in cancer survival have occurred in the last decade, but the quality of life for many survivors is compromised due to severe, long-lasting, and often irreversible side effects of chemotherapy. The neurological side effects, chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) and cancer related/induced cognitive impairment (CRCI/CICI), are under-recognized and can occur after chemotherapy, immunotherapy, or radiation. The cellular mechanisms underlying these neurological side effects are poorly understood and there are no effective treatments or preventions, other than reduction or termination of cancer therapy. In our preliminary prospective, non-interventional study to examine the side effects of chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer (NCT03872141), patients with breast cancer who received standard of care single agent weekly taxane-based chemotherapy were assessed at baseline, midpoint, and end of treatment for neurological and cognitive changes and for blood levels of potential protein biomarkers (n = 13). CIPN and CRCI both showed an increase in severity with accumulating taxane and these changes were compared to protein alternations over the course of treatment. Using peripheral blood collected from patients (n = 10) during chemotherapy and tested with an antibody array curated by the MD Anderson RPPA Core), we found that 19 proteins were increased, and 12 proteins decreased over 12 weeks of treatment. Among those downregulate were proteins known to be critical for neuronal viability and function including GRB2 (growth factor receptor-bound protein 2) and NCS1 (neuronal calcium sensor 1). Concurrently, proteins associated with apoptosis, including BAK1 (Bcl-1 homologous antagonist/killer), were upregulated. These results support the proposal that CIPN and CRCI increase with increasing taxane exposure, and identified several proteins that are altered with taxane exposure that could be implicated in their pathogenesis. In conclusion, our study provides evidence for progressive neurological changes and the rationale to investigate the molecular basis for these changes with the goal of target identification for mitigation of these neurological side effects.
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Eustace AJ, Lee MJ, Colley G, Roban J, Downing T, Buchanan PJ. Aberrant calcium signalling downstream of mutations in TP53 and the PI3K/AKT pathway genes promotes disease progression and therapy resistance in triple negative breast cancer. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2022; 5:560-576. [PMID: 36176752 PMCID: PMC9511797 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2022.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterized as an aggressive form of breast cancer (BC) associated with poor patient outcomes. For the majority of patients, there is a lack of approved targeted therapies. Therefore, chemotherapy remains a key treatment option for these patients, but significant issues around acquired resistance limit its efficacy. Thus, TNBC has an unmet need for new targeted personalized medicine approaches. Calcium (Ca2+) is a ubiquitous second messenger that is known to control a range of key cellular processes by mediating signalling transduction and gene transcription. Changes in Ca2+ through altered calcium channel expression or activity are known to promote tumorigenesis and treatment resistance in a range of cancers including BC. Emerging evidence shows that this is mediated by Ca2+ modulation, supporting the function of tumour suppressor genes (TSGs) and oncogenes. This review provides insight into the underlying alterations in calcium signalling and how it plays a key role in promoting disease progression and therapy resistance in TNBC which harbours mutations in tumour protein p53 (TP53) and the PI3K/AKT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex J. Eustace
- DCU Cancer Research, Dublin City University, Dublin D9, Ireland
- National Institute Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin D9, Ireland
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin D9, Ireland
| | - Min Jie Lee
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin D9, Ireland
| | - Grace Colley
- National Institute Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin D9, Ireland
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin D9, Ireland
| | - Jack Roban
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin D9, Ireland
| | - Tim Downing
- DCU Cancer Research, Dublin City University, Dublin D9, Ireland
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin D9, Ireland
| | - Paul J. Buchanan
- DCU Cancer Research, Dublin City University, Dublin D9, Ireland
- National Institute Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin D9, Ireland
- School of Nursing, Psychotherapy, and Community Health, Dublin City University, Dublin D9, Ireland
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Fischer TT, Nguyen LD, Ehrlich BE. Neuronal calcium sensor 1 (NCS1) dependent modulation of neuronal morphology and development. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21873. [PMID: 34499766 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100731r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+ ) signaling is critical for neuronal functioning and requires the concerted interplay of numerous Ca2+ -binding proteins, including neuronal calcium sensor 1 (NCS1). Although an important role of NCS1 in neuronal processes and in neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative diseases has been established, the underlying mechanisms remain enigmatic. Here, we systematically investigated the functions of NCS1 in the brain. Using Golgi-Cox staining, we observed a reduction in dendritic complexity and spine density in the prefrontal cortex and the dorsal hippocampus of Ncs1-/- mice, which may underlie concomitantly observed deficits in memory acquisition. Subsequent RNA sequencing of Ncs1-/- and Ncs1+/+ mouse brain tissues revealed that NCS1 modulates gene expression related to neuronal morphology and development. Investigation of developmental databases further supported a molecular role of NCS1 during brain development by identifying temporal gene expression patterns. Collectively, this study provides insights into NCS1-dependent signaling and lays the foundation for a better understanding of NCS1-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom T Fischer
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Institute of Pharmacology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lien D Nguyen
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Barbara E Ehrlich
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Department of Celluar and Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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Sánchez JC, Ehrlich BE. Functional Interaction between Transient Receptor Potential V4 Channel and Neuronal Calcium Sensor 1 and the Effects of Paclitaxel. Mol Pharmacol 2021; 100:258-270. [PMID: 34321341 PMCID: PMC8626786 DOI: 10.1124/molpharm.121.000244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal calcium sensor 1 (NCS1), a calcium-binding protein, and transient receptor potential V4 (TRPV4), a plasma membrane calcium channel, are fundamental in the regulation of calcium homeostasis. The interactions of these proteins and their regulation by paclitaxel (PTX) were investigated using biochemical, pharmacological, and electrophysiological approaches in both a breast cancer epithelial cell model and a neuronal model. TRPV4 and NCS1 reciprocally immunoprecipitated each other, suggesting that they make up a signaling complex. The functional consequence of this physical association was that TRPV4 currents increased with increased NCS1 expression. Calcium fluxes through TRPV4 correlated with the magnitude of TRPV4 currents, and these calcium fluxes depended on NCS1 expression levels. Exposure to PTX amplified the acute effects of TRPV4 expression, currents, and calcium fluxes but decreased the expression of NCS1. These findings augment the understanding of the properties of TRPV4, the role of NCS1 in the regulation of TRPV4, and the cellular mechanisms of PTX-induced neuropathy. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: TRPV4 and NCS1 physically and functionally interact. Increased expression of NCS1 enhances TRPV4-dependent currents, which are further amplified by treatment with the chemotherapeutic drug paclitaxel, an effect associated with adverse effects of chemotherapy, including neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio C Sánchez
- Laboratory of Cell Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Pereira, Colombia (J.C.S.), and Departments of Pharmacology and Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut (B.E.E.)
| | - Barbara E Ehrlich
- Laboratory of Cell Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Pereira, Colombia (J.C.S.), and Departments of Pharmacology and Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut (B.E.E.)
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Nguyen LD, Fischer TT, Ehrlich BE. Pharmacological rescue of cognitive function in a mouse model of chemobrain. Mol Neurodegener 2021; 16:41. [PMID: 34174909 PMCID: PMC8235868 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-021-00463-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND After chemotherapy, many cancer survivors suffer from long-lasting cognitive impairment, colloquially known as "chemobrain." However, the trajectories of cognitive changes and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We previously established paclitaxel-induced inositol trisphosphate receptor (InsP3R)-dependent calcium oscillations as a mechanism for peripheral neuropathy, which was prevented by lithium pretreatment. Here, we investigated if a similar mechanism also underlay paclitaxel-induced chemobrain. METHOD Mice were injected with 4 doses of 20 mg/kg paclitaxel every other day to induced cognitive impairment. Memory acquisition was assessed with the displaced object recognition test. The morphology of neurons in the prefrontal cortex and the hippocampus was analyzed using Golgi-Cox staining, followed by Sholl analyses. Changes in protein expression were measured by Western blot. RESULTS Mice receiving paclitaxel showed impaired short-term spatial memory acquisition both acutely 5 days post injection and chronically 23 days post injection. Dendritic length and complexity were reduced in the hippocampus and the prefrontal cortex after paclitaxel injection. Concurrently, the expression of protein kinase C α (PKCα), an effector in the InsP3R pathway, was increased. Treatment with lithium before or shortly after paclitaxel injection rescued the behavioral, cellular, and molecular deficits observed. Similarly, memory and morphological deficits could be rescued by pretreatment with chelerythrine, a PKC inhibitor. CONCLUSION We establish the InsP3R calcium pathway and impaired neuronal morphology as mechanisms for paclitaxel-induced cognitive impairment. Our findings suggest lithium and PKC inhibitors as candidate agents for preventing chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lien D Nguyen
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.,Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.,Present Address: Department of Neurology, Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Tom T Fischer
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.,Institute of Pharmacology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Barbara E Ehrlich
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA. .,Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
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Balancing ER-Mitochondrial Ca 2+ Fluxes in Health and Disease. Trends Cell Biol 2021; 31:598-612. [PMID: 33678551 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2021.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Organelles cooperate with each other to control cellular homeostasis and cell functions by forming close connections through membrane contact sites. Important contacts are present between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), the main intracellular Ca2+-storage organelle, and the mitochondria, the organelle responsible not only for the majority of cellular ATP production but also for switching on cell death processes. Several Ca2+-transport systems focalize at these contact sites, thereby enabling the efficient transmission of Ca2+ signals from the ER toward mitochondria. This provides tight control of mitochondrial functions at the microdomain level. Here, we discuss how ER-mitochondrial Ca2+ transfers support cell function and how their dysregulation underlies, drives, or contributes to pathogenesis and pathophysiology, with a major focus on cancer and neurodegeneration but also with attention to other diseases such as diabetes and rare genetic diseases.
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Comprehensive somatosensory and neurological phenotyping of NCS1 knockout mice. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2372. [PMID: 33504822 PMCID: PMC7840744 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81650-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuronal calcium sensor 1 (NCS1) regulates a wide range of cellular functions throughout the mammalian nervous systems. Altered NCS1 expression is associated with neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative diseases. Previous studies focused on affective and cognitive behaviors in NCS1 knockout (KO) mice, but little is known about the physiological and pathological states associated with the loss of NCS1 in the peripheral nervous system. We previously reported that NCS1 expression was reduced following paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy. Here, we comprehensively investigated the phenotypes of NCS1-KO mice through a battery of behavioral tests examining both central and peripheral nervous systems. Generally, only mild differences were observed in thermal sensation and memory acquisition between NCS1-WT and -KO male mice, but not in female mice. No differences were observed in motor performance, affective behaviors, and hearing in both sexes. These results suggest that NCS1 plays a modulatory role in sensory perceptions and cognition, particularly in male mice. NCS1 has been proposed as a pharmacological target for various diseases. Therefore, the sex-specific effects of NCS1 loss may be of clinical interest. As we examined a constitutive KO model, future studies focusing on various conditional KO models will further elucidate the precise physiological significance of NCS1.
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Pays E. The function of apolipoproteins L (APOLs): relevance for kidney disease, neurotransmission disorders, cancer and viral infection. FEBS J 2021; 288:360-381. [PMID: 32530132 PMCID: PMC7891394 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The discovery that apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1) is the trypanolytic factor of human serum raised interest about the function of APOLs, especially following the unexpected finding that in addition to their protective action against sleeping sickness, APOL1 C-terminal variants also cause kidney disease. Based on the analysis of the structure and trypanolytic activity of APOL1, it was proposed that APOLs could function as ion channels of intracellular membranes and be involved in mechanisms triggering programmed cell death. In this review, the recent finding that APOL1 and APOL3 inversely control the synthesis of phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate (PI(4)P) by the Golgi PI(4)-kinase IIIB (PI4KB) is commented. APOL3 promotes Ca2+ -dependent activation of PI4KB, but due to their increased interaction with APOL3, APOL1 C-terminal variants can inactivate APOL3, leading to reduction of Golgi PI(4)P synthesis. The impact of APOLs on several pathological processes that depend on Golgi PI(4)P levels is discussed. I propose that through their effect on PI4KB activity, APOLs control not only actomyosin activities related to vesicular trafficking, but also the generation and elongation of autophagosomes induced by inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etienne Pays
- Laboratory of Molecular ParasitologyIBMMUniversité Libre de BruxellesGosseliesBelgium
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12
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Nguyen LD, Fischer TT, Abreu D, Arroyo A, Urano F, Ehrlich BE. Calpain inhibitor and ibudilast rescue β cell functions in a cellular model of Wolfram syndrome. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:17389-17398. [PMID: 32632005 PMCID: PMC7382278 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2007136117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Wolfram syndrome is a rare multisystem disease characterized by childhood-onset diabetes mellitus and progressive neurodegeneration. Most cases are attributed to pathogenic variants in a single gene, Wolfram syndrome 1 (WFS1). There currently is no disease-modifying treatment for Wolfram syndrome, as the molecular consequences of the loss of WFS1 remain elusive. Because diabetes mellitus is the first diagnosed symptom of Wolfram syndrome, we aimed to further examine the functions of WFS1 in pancreatic β cells in the context of hyperglycemia. Knockout (KO) of WFS1 in rat insulinoma (INS1) cells impaired calcium homeostasis and protein kinase B/Akt signaling and, subsequently, decreased cell viability and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Targeting calcium homeostasis with reexpression of WFS1, overexpression of WFS1's interacting partner neuronal calcium sensor-1 (NCS1), or treatment with calpain inhibitor and ibudilast reversed deficits observed in WFS1-KO cells. Collectively, our findings provide insight into the disease mechanism of Wolfram syndrome and highlight new targets and drug candidates to facilitate the development of a treatment for this disorder and similar diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lien D Nguyen
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520
- Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520
| | - Tom T Fischer
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Heidelberg, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Damien Abreu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Alfredo Arroyo
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520
| | - Fumihiko Urano
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Barbara E Ehrlich
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520;
- Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520
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Fischer TT, Ehrlich BE. Wolfram Syndrome: a Monogenic Model to Study Diabetes Mellitus and Neurodegeneration. CURRENT OPINION IN PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 17:115-123. [PMID: 32864536 DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2020.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Wolfram syndrome (WS) is a rare, progressive disorder characterized by childhood-onset diabetes mellitus, optic nerve atrophy, hearing loss, diabetes insipidus, and neurodegeneration. Currently, there is no effective treatment for WS, and patients typically die between 30 and 40 years of age. WS is primarily caused by autosomal recessive mutations in the Wolfram syndrome 1 (WFS1) gene (OMIM 222300), which encodes for wolframin (WFS1). This disorder is therefore a valuable monogenic model for prevalent diseases, particularly diabetes mellitus and neurodegeneration. Whereas reduced survival and secretion are known cellular impairments causing WS, the underlying molecular pathways and the physiological function of WFS1 remain incompletely described. Here, we characterize WFS1 as a regulator of intracellular calcium homeostasis, review our current understanding of the disease mechanism of WS, and discuss candidate treatment approaches. These insights will facilitate identification of new therapeutic strategies not only for WS but also for diabetes mellitus and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom T Fischer
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University, New Haven, CT-06520, USA.,Institute of Pharmacology, University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Barbara E Ehrlich
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University, New Haven, CT-06520, USA.,Department of Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT-06520, USA
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