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Feng D, Li H, Ma X, Liu W, Zhu Y, Kang X. Downregulation of extracellular matrix protein 1 effectively ameliorates osteoarthritis progression in vivo. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 126:111291. [PMID: 38039715 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disease whose important pathological feature is degeneration of articular cartilage. Although extracellular matrix protein 1 (ECM1) serves as a central regulator of chondrocyte proliferation and hypertrophy, its role in OA remains largely unknown. This study aims to decipher the roles of ECM1 in OA development and therapy in animal models. In the present study, ECM1 expression was examined in clinical OA samples, experimental OA mice and OA cell models. Mice subjected to destabilised medial meniscus (DMM) surgery were intra-articularly injected with adeno-associated virus (AAV) expressing ECM1 (AAV-ECM1) or AAV containing shECM1 (AAV-shECM1). Histological analysis was performed to determine cartilage damage. mRNA sequencing was performed to explore the molecular mechanism. In addition, the downstream signaling was further confirmed by using specific inhibitors. Our data showed that ECM1 was upregulated in the cartilage of patients with OA, OA mice as well as OA cell models. Moreover, ECM1 over-expressing in knee joints by AAV-ECM1 accelerated OA progression, while knockdown of ECM1 by AAV-shECM1 alleviated OA development. Mechanistically, cartilage destruction increased ECM1 expression, which consequently exacerbated OA progression partly by decreasing PRG4 expression in the TGF-β/PKA/CREB-dependent manner. In conclusion, our study revealed the important role of ECM1 in OA progression. Targeted ECM1 inhibition is a potential strategy for OA therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxu Feng
- Center for Translational Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China; Hong Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, PR China
| | - Huixia Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China
| | - Xiao Ma
- Center for Translational Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China
| | - Wenjuan Liu
- Center for Translational Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China
| | - Yangjun Zhu
- Hong Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, PR China.
| | - Xiaomin Kang
- Center for Translational Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China.
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Sampath SJP, Venkatesan V, Ghosh S, Kotikalapudi N. Obesity, Metabolic Syndrome, and Osteoarthritis-An Updated Review. Curr Obes Rep 2023; 12:308-331. [PMID: 37578613 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-023-00520-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Metabolic syndrome (MetS), also called the 'deadly quartet' comprising obesity, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hypertension, has been ascertained to have a causal role in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA). This review is aimed at discussing the current knowledge on the contribution of metabolic syndrome and its various components to OA pathogenesis and progression. RECENT FINDINGS Lately, an increased association identified between the various components of metabolic syndrome (obesity, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hypertension) with OA has led to the identification of the 'metabolic phenotype' of OA. These metabolic perturbations alongside low-grade systemic inflammation have been identified to inflict detrimental effects upon multiple tissues of the joint including cartilage, bone, and synovium leading to complete joint failure in OA. Recent epidemiological and clinical findings affirm that adipokines significantly contribute to inflammation, tissue degradation, and OA pathogenesis mediated through multiple signaling pathways. OA is no longer perceived as just a 'wear and tear' disease and the involvement of the metabolic components in OA pathogenesis adds up to the complexity of the disease. Given the global surge in obesity and its allied metabolic perturbations, this review aims to throw light on the current knowledge on the pathophysiology of MetS-associated OA and the need to address MetS in the context of metabolic OA management. Better regulation of the constituent factors of MetS could be profitable in preventing MetS-associated OA. The identification of key roles for several metabolic regulators in OA pathogenesis has also opened up newer avenues in the recognition and development of novel therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Joshua Pragasam Sampath
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science & Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India.
- Molecular Biology Division, Indian Council of Medical Research - National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India.
| | | | - Sudip Ghosh
- Molecular Biology Division, Indian Council of Medical Research - National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India
| | - Nagasuryaprasad Kotikalapudi
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School Teaching Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
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Chen Q, Wu Z, Xie L. Progranulin is essential for bone homeostasis and immunology. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2022; 1518:58-68. [PMID: 36177883 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Intercellular communication or crosstalk between immune and skeletal cells is considered a crucial element in bone homeostasis modulation. Progranulin (PGRN) is an autocrine growth factor that is structured as beads-on-a-string and participates in multiple pathophysiological processes, including atherosclerosis, arthritis, neurodegenerative pathologies, cancer, and wound repair. PGRN functions as a competitor that binds to tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1), thereby blocking the TNF-α pathway. PGRN is regarded as an agonist of chondrogenesis and osteogenesis, delaying the progression of inflammation through the TNFR2 pathway. The exploitation of PGRN may bring benefits for inflammatory bone diseases and the stabilization of bone homeostasis. The PGRN-modified analog Atsttrin possesses three TNFR-binding fragments and thereby exerts superior therapeutic effects on multiple preclinical animal models compared to PGRN. In this review, we highlight the emerging roles of PGRN in bone formation, as well as in physiological and TNF-α-mediated inflammatory conditions revealed in recent discoveries. We address potential therapies for the treatment of inflammatory bone conditions, such as periodontitis, by the use of PGRN and its derivative Atsttrin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China.,The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - ZuPing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China.,The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Liang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China
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Direct Reprogramming of Mouse Subchondral Bone Osteoblasts into Chondrocyte-like Cells. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10102582. [PMID: 36289842 PMCID: PMC9599480 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10102582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment of full-thickness articular cartilage defects with exposure of subchondral bone often seen in osteoarthritic conditions has long been a great challenge, especially with a focus on the feasibility of in situ cartilage regeneration through minimally invasive procedures. Osteoblasts that situate in the subchondral bone plate may be considered a potentially vital endogenous source of cells for cartilage resurfacing through direct reprogramming into chondrocytes. Microarray-based gene expression profiles were generated to compare tissue-specific transcripts between subchondral bone and cartilage of mice and to assess age-dependent differences of chondrocytes as well. On osteoblast cell lines established from mouse proximal tibial subchondral bone, sequential screening by co-transduction of transcription factor (TF) genes that distinguish chondrocytes from osteoblasts reveals a shortlist of potential reprogramming factors exhibiting combined effects in inducing chondrogenesis of subchondral bone osteoblasts. A further combinatorial approach unexpectedly identified two 3-TF combinations containing Sox9 and Sox5 that exhibit differences in reprogramming propensity with the third TF c-Myc or Plagl1, which appeared to direct the converted chondrocytes toward either a superficial or a deeper zone phenotype. Thus, our approach demonstrates the possibility of converting osteoblasts into two major chondrocyte subpopulations with two combinations of three genes (Sox9, Sox5, and c-Myc or Plagl1). The findings may have important implications for developing novel in situ regeneration strategies for the reconstruction of full-thickness cartilage defects.
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Weisz-Hubshman M, Egunsula AT, Dawson B, Castellon A, Jiang MM, Chen-Evenson Y, Zhiyin Y, Lee B, Bae Y. DDRGK1 is required for the proper development and maintenance of the growth plate cartilage. Hum Mol Genet 2022; 31:2820-2830. [PMID: 35377455 PMCID: PMC9402238 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddac078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Loss-of-function mutations in DDRGK1 have been shown to cause Shohat type spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia (SEMD). In zebrafish, loss of function of ddrgk1 leads to defects in early cartilage development. Ddrgk1-/- mice show delayed mesenchymal condensation in the limb buds and early embryonic lethality. Mechanistically, Ddrgk1 interacts with Sox9 and reduces ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation of Sox9 protein. To investigate the cartilage-specific role of DDRGK1, conditional knockout mice were generated by intercrossing Prx1-Cre transgenic mice with Ddrgkfl/fl mice to delete its expression in limb mesenchymal cells. Mutant mice showed progressive severe shortening of the limbs and joint abnormalities. The growth plate showed disorganization with shortened proliferative zone and enlarged hypertrophic zone. In correlation with these findings, Sox9 and Col2a1 protein levels were decreased, while Col10a1 expression was expanded. These data demonstrate the importance of Ddrgk1 during growth plate development. In contrast, deletion of Ddrgk1 with the osteoblast-specific Osteocalcin-Cre and Leptin receptor-Cre lines did not show bone phenotypes, suggesting that the effect on limb development is cartilage-specific. To evaluate the role of DDRGK1 in cartilage postnatal homeostasis, inducible Agc1-CreERT2; Ddrgklfl/fl mice were generated. Mice in which Ddrgk1 was deleted at 3 months of age showed disorganized growth plate, with significant reduction in proteoglycan deposition. These data demonstrate a postnatal requirement for Ddrgk1 in maintaining normal growth plate morphology. Together, these findings highlight the physiological role of Ddrgk1 in the development and maintenance of the growth plate cartilage. Furthermore, these genetic mouse models recapitulate the clinical phenotype of short stature and joint abnormalities observed in patients with Shohat type SEMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Weisz-Hubshman
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Adetutu T Egunsula
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Brian Dawson
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Alexis Castellon
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ming-Ming Jiang
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yuqing Chen-Evenson
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yu Zhiyin
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Brendan Lee
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yangjin Bae
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Zhao S, Huang Z, Jiang H, Xiu J, Zhang L, Long Q, Yang Y, Yu L, Lu L, Gu H. Sirtuin 1 Induces Choroidal Neovascularization and Triggers Age-Related Macular Degeneration by Promoting LCN2 through SOX9 Deacetylation. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:1671438. [PMID: 35720180 PMCID: PMC9203240 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1671438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Increasing studies have identified the function of sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) in ocular diseases. Hence, this study is aimed at exploring the potential role of SIRT1 in choroidal neovascularization- (CNV-) induced age-related macular degeneration (AMD) development and the associated mechanism. Expression of SIRT1/SOX9/LCN2 in the hypoxic cells was determined, and their interactions were predicted by bioinformatics websites and followed by the verification by luciferase assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP). Their in vitro effects on hypoxic cells concerning cell viability, apoptosis, migration, and angiogenesis were detected through gain- and loss-of-function assays. Besides, their in vivo effect was explored using the established CNV mouse models. Highly expressed LCN2, SOX9, and SIRT1 were observed in hypoxic cells. LCN2 was increased by SOX9 and SIRT1 deacetylated SOX9 to promote its nuclear translocation, which further inhibited the viability of human retinal pigment epithelial cells and promoted cell apoptosis and angiogenesis as well as CNV-induced AMD formation. The relieving role of LCN2 inhibition on CNV-induced AMD without toxicity for mice was also demonstrated by in vivo experiments. Overall, SIRT1 promoted the formation of CNV-induced AMD through SOX9 deacetylation-caused LCN2 upregulation, representing a promising target for CNV-induced AMD management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550002, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550002, China
| | - Zhi Huang
- School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550002, China
| | - Hao Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550002, China
| | - Jiangfan Xiu
- School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550002, China
| | - Liying Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550002, China
| | - Qiurong Long
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550002, China
| | - Yuhan Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550002, China
| | - Lu Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550002, China
| | - Lu Lu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Shenzhen 5180403, China
| | - Hao Gu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550002, China
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Wu WT, Chen YR, Lu DH, Senatov FS, Yang KC, Wang CC. Silymarin modulates catabolic cytokine expression through Sirt1 and SOX9 in human articular chondrocytes. J Orthop Surg Res 2021; 16:147. [PMID: 33610183 PMCID: PMC7896383 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-021-02305-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Silymarin (SMN), a polyphenolic flavonoid, is involved in multiple bioactive functions including anti-inflammation. Pretreatment with SMN demonstrated chondroprotection against tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) stimulation in a chondrocyte cell line. However, pre- and posttreatment with phytochemicals have varying effects on osteoarthritis (OA) chondrocytes, and the therapeutic potential of SMN after catabolic cytokine stimulation is not fully elucidated. Methods The cytotoxicity of SMN (12.5, 25, 50 and 100 μM) was evaluated in human primary chondrocytes. The chondrocytes were supplemented with SMN (25 and 50 μM) after interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) stimulation. The mRNA expression and protein production of catabolic/anabolic cytokines as well as extracellular matrix (ECM) components were evaluated. Results High-dose SMN (100 μM) impaired the mitochondrial activity in chondrocytes, and 50 μM SMN further caused cell death in IL-1β-stimulated cells. The addition of 25 μM SMN ameliorated cell senescence; downregulated the catabolic genes of inducible nitric oxide synthase, IL-1β, TNF-α, matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3), MMP-9 and MMP-13; upregulated the anabolic genes of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) and collagen type II alpha 1; and restored the expression of chondrogenic phenotype genes SOX9 and sirtuin-1 (Sirt1). In addition, the production of IL-1β, MMP-3 and MMP-9 decreased with an increase in TIMP-1 secretion. However, the mRNA levels of IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10 and protein production remained high. The addition of nicotinamide, a Sirt1 inhibitor, downregulated SOX9 and attenuated the therapeutic effects of SMN on IL-1β-stimulated chondrocytes. Conclusion SMN regulates the chondrocyte phenotype through Sirt1 and SOX9 to improve ECM homeostasis and may serve as a complementary therapy for early-stage knee OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Tien Wu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, No. 289, Jianguo Rd., Xindian Dist, New Taipei City, 23142, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopedics, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ru Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, No. 289, Jianguo Rd., Xindian Dist, New Taipei City, 23142, Taiwan.,School of Dental Technology, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, No. 250, Wuxing St., Xinyi Dist, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Dai-Hua Lu
- School of Dental Technology, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, No. 250, Wuxing St., Xinyi Dist, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Fedor Svyatoslavovich Senatov
- Researcher of the Centre for Composite Materials, National University of Science and Technology MISIS, Moscow, Russia
| | - Kai-Chiang Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, No. 289, Jianguo Rd., Xindian Dist, New Taipei City, 23142, Taiwan. .,School of Dental Technology, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, No. 250, Wuxing St., Xinyi Dist, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Chen-Chie Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, No. 289, Jianguo Rd., Xindian Dist, New Taipei City, 23142, Taiwan. .,Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Epidemiologic studies reveal that the link between obesity and osteoarthritis cannot be uniquely explained by overweight-associated mechanical overload. For this reason, much attention focuses on the endocrine activity of adipose tissues. In addition to the systemic role of visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues, many arguments highlight the involvement of local adipose tissues in osteoarthritis. RECENT FINDINGS Alteration in MRI signal intensity of the infrapatellar fat pad may predict both accelerated knee osteoarthritis and joint replacement. In this context, recent studies show that mesenchymal stromal cells could play a pivotal role in the pathological remodelling of intra-articular adipose tissues (IAATs) in osteoarthritis. In parallel, recent findings underline bone marrow adipose tissue as a major player in the control of the bone microenvironment, suggesting its possible role in osteoarthritis. SUMMARY The recent description of adipose tissues of various phenotypes within an osteoarthritic joint allows us to evoke their direct involvement in the initiation and progression of the osteoarthritic process. We can expect in the near future the discovery of novel molecules targeting these tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Florent Eymard
- Department of Rheumatology, AP-HP Henri Mondor Hospital
- Gly-CRRET Research Unit 4397, Université Paris-Est Créteil
| | - Francis Berenbaum
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA)
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM CRSA, AP-HP Hopital Saint Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Xavier Houard
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA)
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