1
|
Wu Z, Li N, Gao Y, Cao L, Yao X, Peng Q. Glutamine metabolism-related genes and immunotherapy in nonspecific orbital inflammation were validated using bioinformatics and machine learning. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:71. [PMID: 38233749 PMCID: PMC10795212 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09946-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonspecific orbital inflammation (NSOI) is an idiopathic, persistent, and proliferative inflammatory condition affecting the orbit, characterized by polymorphous lymphoid infiltration. Its pathogenesis and progression have been linked to imbalances in tumor metabolic pathways, with glutamine (Gln) metabolism emerging as a critical aspect in cancer. Metabolic reprogramming is known to influence clinical outcomes in various malignancies. However, comprehensive research on glutamine metabolism's significance in NSOI is lacking. METHODS This study conducted a bioinformatics analysis to identify and validate potential glutamine-related molecules (GlnMgs) associated with NSOI. The discovery of GlnMgs involved the intersection of differential expression analysis with a set of 42 candidate GlnMgs. The biological functions and pathways of the identified GlnMgs were analyzed using GSEA and GSVA. Lasso regression and SVM-RFE methods identified hub genes and assessed the diagnostic efficacy of fourteen GlnMgs in NSOI. The correlation between hub GlnMgs and clinical characteristics was also examined. The expression levels of the fourteen GlnMgs were validated using datasets GSE58331 and GSE105149. RESULTS Fourteen GlnMgs related to NSOI were identified, including FTCD, CPS1, CTPS1, NAGS, DDAH2, PHGDH, GGT1, GCLM, GLUD1, ART4, AADAT, ASNSD1, SLC38A1, and GFPT2. Biological function analysis indicated their involvement in responses to extracellular stimulus, mitochondrial matrix, and lipid transport. The diagnostic performance of these GlnMgs in distinguishing NSOI showed promising results. CONCLUSIONS This study successfully identified fourteen GlnMgs associated with NSOI, providing insights into potential novel biomarkers for NSOI and avenues for monitoring disease progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan Wu
- Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Na Li
- Dongying People's Hospital (Dongying Hospital of Shandong Provincial Hospital Group), Dongying, Shandong, 257091, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Liyuan Cao
- Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xiaolei Yao
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410007, Hunan Province, China.
| | - Qinghua Peng
- Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan Province, China.
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410007, Hunan Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ikeda Y, Fujii J. The Emerging Roles of γ-Glutamyl Peptides Produced by γ-Glutamyltransferase and the Glutathione Synthesis System. Cells 2023; 12:2831. [PMID: 38132151 PMCID: PMC10741565 DOI: 10.3390/cells12242831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
L-γ-Glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine is commonly referred to as glutathione (GSH); this ubiquitous thiol plays essential roles in animal life. Conjugation and electron donation to enzymes such as glutathione peroxidase (GPX) are prominent functions of GSH. Cellular glutathione balance is robustly maintained via regulated synthesis, which is catalyzed via the coordination of γ-glutamyl-cysteine synthetase (γ-GCS) and glutathione synthetase, as well as by reductive recycling by glutathione reductase. A prevailing short supply of L-cysteine (Cys) tends to limit glutathione synthesis, which leads to the production of various other γ-glutamyl peptides due to the unique enzymatic properties of γ-GCS. Extracellular degradation of glutathione by γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is a dominant source of Cys for some cells. GGT catalyzes the hydrolytic removal of the γ-glutamyl group of glutathione or transfers it to amino acids or to dipeptides outside cells. Such processes depend on an abundance of acceptor substrates. However, the physiological roles of extracellularly preserved γ-glutamyl peptides have long been unclear. The identification of γ-glutamyl peptides, such as glutathione, as allosteric modulators of calcium-sensing receptors (CaSRs) could provide insights into the significance of the preservation of γ-glutamyl peptides. It is conceivable that GGT could generate a new class of intercellular messaging molecules in response to extracellular microenvironments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshitaka Ikeda
- Division of Molecular Cell Biology, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga 849-8501, Japan
| | - Junichi Fujii
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iidanishi, Yamagata City 990-9585, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang Y, Ma S, Zhang J, Lou L, Liu W, Gao C, Miao L, Sun F, Chen W, Cao X, Wei J. MicroRNA-142-3p promotes renal cell carcinoma progression by targeting RhoBTB3 to regulate HIF-1 signaling and GGT/GSH pathways. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5935. [PMID: 37045834 PMCID: PMC10097650 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21447-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs play a critical regulatory role in different cancers, but their functions in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) have not been elucidated. Reportedly, miR-142-3p is involved in the tumorigenesis and the development of RCC in vitro and is clinically correlated with the poor prognosis of RCC patients. However, the molecular target of miR-142-3p and the underlying mechanism are unclear. In this study, we found that miR-142-3p was upregulated in RCC tumor tissues and downregulated in exosomes compared to normal tissues. The expression of miR-142-3p was inversely associated with the survival of patients with kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC). RhoBTB3 was reduced in RCC, and miR-142-3p plays an inverse function with RhoBTB3 in KIRC. The direct interaction between RhoBTB3 and miR-142-3p was demonstrated by a dual luciferase reporter assay. miR-142-3p promoted metastasis in the xenograft model, and the suppression of miR-142-3p upregulated RhoBTB3 protein expression and inhibited the mRNAs and proteins of HIF1A, VEGFA, and GGT1. Also, the miR-142-3p overexpression upregulated the mRNA of HIF1A, VEGFA, and GGT1. In conclusion, miR-142-3p functions as an oncogene in RCC, especially in KIRC, by targeting RhoBTB3 to regulate HIF-1 signaling and GGT/GSH pathways, which needs further exploration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yijing Zhang
- Department of Urology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou No.1 People's Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Sha Ma
- Department of Hematopathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, China
| | - Lu Lou
- Department of Urology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou No.1 People's Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Wanqi Liu
- Department of Urology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou No.1 People's Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Chao Gao
- Department of Urology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou No.1 People's Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Long Miao
- Department of Urology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou No.1 People's Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Fanghao Sun
- Department of Urology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou No.1 People's Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Urology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou No.1 People's Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiliang Cao
- Department of Urology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou No.1 People's Hospital, Xuzhou, China.
| | - Jin Wei
- Department of Urology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou No.1 People's Hospital, Xuzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang X, He S, Cheng P, Pu K. A Dual-Locked Tandem Fluorescent Probe for Imaging of Pyroptosis in Cancer Chemo-Immunotherapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2206510. [PMID: 36317605 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202206510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Real-time imaging of programmed cancer cell death (PCD) is imperative to monitor cancer therapeutic efficacy and tailor therapeutic regimens; however, specific in vivo detection of intratumoral pyroptosis remains challenging. Herein, a dual-locked and tandem activatable probe (DTAP) is reported for near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging of intratumoral pyroptosis during cancer chemo-immunotherapy in living mice. The probe comprises a hemicyanine dye dual-locked with an enzyme-responsive moiety that can be tandemly cleaved by pyroptosis-related biomarker (Caspase-1) and cancer biomarker (GGT) to turn on its NIRF signal. As pyroptosis plays a vital role in triggering anti-tumor immune responses, the activated signal of DTAP correlates well with the population of tumor-infiltrating cytotoxic T lymphocytes and tumor growth inhibition, consequently permitting the prediction of cancer therapeutic efficacy. This study also provides a non-invasive technique to study the regulatory mechanism of pyroptosis in cancer therapy and to optimize cancer chemo-immunotherapies for precision medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinzhu Wang
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637457, Singapore
| | - Shasha He
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637457, Singapore
| | - Penghui Cheng
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637457, Singapore
| | - Kanyi Pu
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637457, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 636921, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Nguyen L, Schultz DC, Terzyan SS, Rezaei M, Songb J, Li C, You Y, Hanigan MH. Design and evaluation of novel analogs of 2-amino-4-boronobutanoic acid (ABBA) as inhibitors of human gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase. Bioorg Med Chem 2022; 73:116986. [PMID: 36208545 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2022.116986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Inhibitors of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT1, aka gamma-glutamyl transferase) are needed for the treatment of cancer, cardiovascular illness and other diseases. Compounds that inhibit GGT1 have been evaluated in the clinic, but no inhibitor has successfully demonstrated specific and systemic GGT1 inhibition. All have severe side effects. L-2-amino-4‑boronobutanoic acid (l-ABBA), a glutamate analog, is the most potent GGT1 inhibitor in vitro. In this study, we have solved the crystal structure of human GGT1 (hGGT1) with ABBA bound in the active site. The structure was interrogated to identify interactions between the enzyme and the inhibitor. Based on these data, a series of novel ABBA analogs were designed and synthesized. Their inhibitory activity against the hydrolysis and transpeptidation activities of hGGT1 were determined. The lead compounds were crystalized with hGGT1 and the structures solved. The kinetic data and structures of the complexes provide new insights into the critical role of protein structure dynamics in developing compounds for inhibition of hGGT1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luong Nguyen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, United States
| | - Daniel C Schultz
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, United States
| | - Simon S Terzyan
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Structure and Function, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, United States
| | - Mohammad Rezaei
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, United States
| | - Jinhua Songb
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, United States
| | - Chenglong Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, United States
| | - Youngjae You
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, United States
| | - Marie H Hanigan
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang B, Lin T, Bai X, An X, Dai L, Shi J, Zhang Y, Zhao X, Zhang Q. Sulfur Amino Acid Metabolism and the Role of Endogenous Cystathionine-γ-lyase/H2S in Holstein Cows with Clinical Mastitis. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12111451. [PMID: 35681915 PMCID: PMC9179249 DOI: 10.3390/ani12111451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
H2S plays an important role in various inflammatory diseases. However, the role of H2S and synthetic enzymes in Holstein cows with CM is unknown. The aim of this study was to identify DEPs associated with sulfide metabolism and further investigate their roles in dairy cows with CM. From 3739 DEPs generated by data-independent acquisition proteomics, we identified a total of 17 DEPs included in 44 GO terms and five KEGG pathways related to sulfide metabolism, including CTH and cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS). Immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence staining results showed that CTH and CBS proteins were present mainly in the cytoplasm of mammary epithelial cells. Endogenous H2S production in the serum of the CM group was significantly lower than that of the healthy Holstein cows. CTH and CBS mRNA and protein levels in the mammary glands of the CM group were significantly downregulated compared to those of the healthy group. These results indicate that CTH and H2S were correlated with the occurrence and development of CM in Holstein cows, which provides important insights into the function and regulatory mechanism of CTH/H2S in Holstein cows.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bohao Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (B.Z.); (Y.Z.)
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (T.L.); (X.B.); (X.A.); (L.D.); (J.S.)
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Ting Lin
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (T.L.); (X.B.); (X.A.); (L.D.); (J.S.)
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Xu Bai
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (T.L.); (X.B.); (X.A.); (L.D.); (J.S.)
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Xiaoxiao An
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (T.L.); (X.B.); (X.A.); (L.D.); (J.S.)
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Lijun Dai
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (T.L.); (X.B.); (X.A.); (L.D.); (J.S.)
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Jun Shi
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (T.L.); (X.B.); (X.A.); (L.D.); (J.S.)
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (B.Z.); (Y.Z.)
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (T.L.); (X.B.); (X.A.); (L.D.); (J.S.)
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Xingxu Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (B.Z.); (Y.Z.)
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (T.L.); (X.B.); (X.A.); (L.D.); (J.S.)
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou 730070, China
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (Q.Z.); Tel.: +86-93-1763-2509 (Q.Z.)
| | - Quanwei Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (B.Z.); (Y.Z.)
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (T.L.); (X.B.); (X.A.); (L.D.); (J.S.)
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou 730070, China
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (Q.Z.); Tel.: +86-93-1763-2509 (Q.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Linhorst A, Lübke T. The Human Ntn-Hydrolase Superfamily: Structure, Functions and Perspectives. Cells 2022; 11:cells11101592. [PMID: 35626629 PMCID: PMC9140057 DOI: 10.3390/cells11101592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
N-terminal nucleophile (Ntn)-hydrolases catalyze the cleavage of amide bonds in a variety of macromolecules, including the peptide bond in proteins, the amide bond in N-linked protein glycosylation, and the amide bond linking a fatty acid to sphingosine in complex sphingolipids. Ntn-hydrolases are all sharing two common hallmarks: Firstly, the enzymes are synthesized as inactive precursors that undergo auto-proteolytic self-activation, which, as a consequence, reveals the active site nucleophile at the newly formed N-terminus. Secondly, all Ntn-hydrolases share a structural consistent αββα-fold, notwithstanding the total lack of amino acid sequence homology. In humans, five subclasses of the Ntn-superfamily have been identified so far, comprising relevant members such as the catalytic active subunits of the proteasome or a number of lysosomal hydrolases, which are often associated with lysosomal storage diseases. This review gives an updated overview on the structural, functional, and (patho-)physiological characteristics of human Ntn-hydrolases, in particular.
Collapse
|