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Kakafika MG, Lyta AA, Gavriilidis GI, Tsiftsoglou SA, Miliotou AN, Pappas IS, Vizirianakis IS, Papadopoulou LC, Tsiftsoglou AS. Targeting mitochondrial bioenergetics by combination treatment with imatinib and dichloroacetate in human erythroleukemic K‑562 and colorectal HCT‑116 cancer cells. Int J Oncol 2024; 64:42. [PMID: 38426621 PMCID: PMC10919756 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2024.5630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumor malignant cells are characterized by dysregulation of mitochondrial bioenergetics due to the 'Warburg effect'. In the present study, this metabolic imbalance was explored as a potential target for novel cancer chemotherapy. Imatinib (IM) downregulates the expression levels of SCΟ2 and FRATAXIN (FXN) genes involved in the heme‑dependent cytochrome c oxidase biosynthesis and assembly pathway in human erythroleukemic IM‑sensitive K‑562 chronic myeloid leukemia cells (K‑562). In the present study, it was investigated whether the treatment of cancer cells with IM (an inhibitor of oxidative phosphorylation) separately, or together with dichloroacetate (DCA) (an inhibitor of glycolysis), can inhibit cell proliferation or cause death. Human K‑562 and IM‑chemoresistant K‑562 chronic myeloid leukemia cells (K‑562R), as well as human colorectal carcinoma cells HCT‑116 (+/+p53) and (‑/‑p53, with double TP53 knock-in disruptions), were employed. Treatments of these cells with either IM (1 or 2 µM) and/or DCA (4 mΜ) were also assessed for the levels of several process biomarkers including SCO2, FXN, lactate dehydrogenase A, glyceraldehyde‑3‑phosphate dehydrogenase, pyruvate kinase M2, hypoxia inducing factor‑1a, heme oxygenase‑1, NF‑κB, stem cell factor and vascular endothelial growth factor via western blot analysis. Computational network biology models were also applied to reveal the connections between the ten proteins examined. Combination treatment of IM with DCA caused extensive cell death (>75%) in K‑562 and considerable (>45%) in HCT‑116 (+/+p53) cultures, but less in K‑562R and HCT‑116 (‑/‑p53), with the latter deficient in full length p53 protein. Such treatment, markedly reduced reactive oxygen species levels, as measured by flow‑cytometry, in K‑562 cells and affected the oxidative phosphorylation and glycolytic biomarkers in all lines examined. These findings indicated, that targeting of cancer mitochondrial bioenergetics with such a combination treatment was very effective, although chemoresistance to IM in leukemia and the absence of a full length p53 in colorectal cells affected its impact.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Imatinib Mesylate/pharmacology
- Imatinib Mesylate/therapeutic use
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/genetics
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/metabolism
- Apoptosis
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/pathology
- Energy Metabolism
- Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute
- Colorectal Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Colorectal Neoplasms/genetics
- Biomarkers/metabolism
- K562 Cells
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Cell Proliferation
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria G. Kakafika
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa 41500, Greece
| | - Areti A. Lyta
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - George I. Gavriilidis
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
- Institute of Applied Biosciences, Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, Thessaloniki 57001, Greece
| | - Stefanos A. Tsiftsoglou
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Androulla N. Miliotou
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
- Department of Health Sciences, KES College, Nicosia 1055, Cyprus
- Department of Health Sciences, School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia 2417, Cyprus
| | - Ioannis S. Pappas
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Karditsa 43100, Greece
| | - Ioannis S. Vizirianakis
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
- Department of Health Sciences, School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia 2417, Cyprus
| | - Lefkothea C. Papadopoulou
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Asterios S. Tsiftsoglou
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
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Gotorbe C, Durivault J, Meira W, Cassim S, Ždralević M, Pouysségur J, Vučetić M. Metabolic Rewiring toward Oxidative Phosphorylation Disrupts Intrinsic Resistance to Ferroptosis of the Colon Adenocarcinoma Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11122412. [PMID: 36552620 PMCID: PMC9774558 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11122412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) has been reported as one of the major targets for ferroptosis induction, due to its pivotal role in lipid hydroperoxide removal. However, recent studies pointed toward alternative antioxidant systems in this context, such as the Coenzyme Q-FSP1 pathway. To investigate how effective these alternative pathways are in different cellular contexts, we used human colon adenocarcinoma (CRC) cells, highly resistant to GPX4 inhibition. Data obtained in the study showed that simultaneous pharmacological inhibition of GPX4 and FSP1 strongly compromised the survival of the CRC cells, which was prevented by the ferroptosis inhibitor, ferrostatin-1. Nonetheless, this could not be phenocopied by genetic deletion of FSP1, suggesting the development of resistance to ferroptosis in FSP1-KO CRC cells. Considering that CRC cells are highly glycolytic, we used CRC Warburg-incompetent cells, to investigate the role metabolism plays in this phenomenon. Indeed, the sensitivity to inhibition of both anti-ferroptotic axes (GPx4 and FSP1) was fully revealed in these cells, showing typical features of ferroptosis. Collectively, data indicate that two independent anti-ferroptotic pathways (GPX4-GSH and CoQ10-FSP1) operate within the overall physiological context of cancer cells and in some instances, their inhibition should be coupled with other metabolic modulators, such as inhibitors of glycolysis/Warburg effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Célia Gotorbe
- Medical Biology Department, Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), 98000 Monaco, Monaco
| | - Jérôme Durivault
- Medical Biology Department, Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), 98000 Monaco, Monaco
| | - Willian Meira
- Medical Biology Department, Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), 98000 Monaco, Monaco
| | - Shamir Cassim
- Medical Biology Department, Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), 98000 Monaco, Monaco
| | - Maša Ždralević
- Centre A. Lacassagne, University Côte d’Azur, Institute for Research on Cancer & Aging (IRCAN), CNRS, INSERM, 06100 Nice, France
| | - Jacques Pouysségur
- Medical Biology Department, Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), 98000 Monaco, Monaco
- Centre A. Lacassagne, University Côte d’Azur, Institute for Research on Cancer & Aging (IRCAN), CNRS, INSERM, 06100 Nice, France
- Correspondence: (J.P.); (M.V.)
| | - Milica Vučetić
- Medical Biology Department, Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), 98000 Monaco, Monaco
- Correspondence: (J.P.); (M.V.)
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Mazzio E, Mack N, Badisa RB, Soliman KFA. Triple Isozyme Lactic Acid Dehydrogenase Inhibition in Fully Viable MDA-MB-231 Cells Induces Cytostatic Effects That Are Not Reversed by Exogenous Lactic Acid. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11121751. [PMID: 34944395 PMCID: PMC8698706 DOI: 10.3390/biom11121751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of aggressive human malignant tumors are characterized by an intensified glycolytic rate, over-expression of lactic acid dehydrogenase A (LDHA), and subsequent lactate accumulation, all of which contribute toward an acidic peri-cellular immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). While recent focus has been directed at how to inhibit LDHA, it is now becoming clear that multiple isozymes of LDH must be simultaneously inhibited in order to fully suppress lactic acid and halt glycolysis. In this work we explore the biochemical and genomic consequences of an applied triple LDH isozyme inhibitor (A, B, and C) (GNE-140) in MDA-MB-231 triple-negative breast cancer cells (TNBC) cells. The findings confirm that GNE-140 does in fact, fully block the production of lactic acid, which also results in a block of glucose utilization and severe impedance of the glycolytic pathway. Without a fully functional glycolytic pathway, breast cancer cells continue to thrive, sustain viability, produce ample energy, and maintain mitochondrial potential (ΔΨM). The only observable negative consequence of GNE-140 in this work, was the attenuation of cell division, evident in both 2D and 3D cultures and occurring in fully viable cells. Of important note, the cytostatic effects were not reversed by the addition of exogenous (+) lactic acid. While the effects of GNE-140 on the whole transcriptome were mild (12 up-regulated differential expressed genes (DEGs); 77 down-regulated DEGs) out of the 48,226 evaluated, the down-regulated DEGS collectively centered around a loss of genes related to mitosis, cell cycle, GO/G1–G1/S transition, and DNA replication. These data were also observed with digital florescence cytometry and flow cytometry, both corroborating a G0/G1 phase blockage. In conclusion, the findings in this work suggest there is an unknown element linking LDH enzyme activity to cell cycle progression, and this factor is completely independent of lactic acid. The data also establish that complete inhibition of LDH in cancer cells is not a detriment to cell viability or basic production of energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Mazzio
- Institute of Public Health, College of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA; (E.M.); (N.M.); (R.B.B.)
| | - Nzinga Mack
- Institute of Public Health, College of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA; (E.M.); (N.M.); (R.B.B.)
- Institute of Computational Medicine, Johns Hopkins Whiting School of Engineering, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Ramesh B. Badisa
- Institute of Public Health, College of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA; (E.M.); (N.M.); (R.B.B.)
| | - Karam F. A. Soliman
- Institute of Public Health, College of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA; (E.M.); (N.M.); (R.B.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-850-599-3306; Fax: +1-850-599-3667
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Zheng J, Zheng SJ, Qi CB, Wu DM, Feng YQ. 4-Plex Chemical Labeling Strategy Based on Cinchona Alkaloid-Derived Primary Amines for the Analysis of Chiral Carboxylic Acids by Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2019; 91:11440-11446. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b02909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shu-Jian Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chu-Bo Qi
- Department of Pathology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Wuhan 430079, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dong-Mei Wu
- Department of Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu-Qi Feng
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People’s Republic of China
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