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Selvaskandan H, Shi S, Twaij S, Cheung CK, Barratt J. Monitoring Immune Responses in IgA Nephropathy: Biomarkers to Guide Management. Front Immunol 2020; 11:572754. [PMID: 33123151 PMCID: PMC7572847 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.572754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the commonest biopsy-reported primary glomerulonephritis worldwide. It has an incidence which peaks among young adults, and 30 to 40% of patients' progress to end stage kidney disease within twenty years of diagnosis. Ten-year kidney survival rates have been reported to be as low as 35% in some parts of the world. The successful management of IgAN is limited by an incomplete understanding of the pathophysiology of IgAN and a poor understanding of how pathophysiology may vary both from patient to patient and between patient groups, particularly across races. This is compounded by a lack of rigorously designed and delivered clinical trials in IgAN. This is slowly changing, with a number of Phase 2 and 3 clinical trials of novel therapies targeting a number of different putative pathogenic pathways in IgAN due to report in the next 5 years. From our current, albeit limited, understanding of the pathophysiology of IgAN it is unlikely a single therapy will be effective in all patients with IgAN. The successful management of IgAN in the future is, therefore, likely to be reliant on targeted therapies, carefully selected based on an individualized understanding of a patient's risk of progression and underlying pathophysiology. The potential role of biomarkers to facilitate personalization of prognostication and treatment of IgAN is immense. Here we review the progress made over the past decade in identifying and validating new biomarkers, with a particular focus on those that reflect immunological responses in IgAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haresh Selvaskandan
- Mayer IgA Nephropathy Laboratories, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Sufang Shi
- Mayer IgA Nephropathy Laboratories, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Sara Twaij
- Mayer IgA Nephropathy Laboratories, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Chee Kay Cheung
- Mayer IgA Nephropathy Laboratories, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Barratt
- Mayer IgA Nephropathy Laboratories, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
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Taherkhani A, Farrokhi Yekta R, Mohseni M, Saidijam M, Arefi Oskouie A. Chronic kidney disease: a review of proteomic and metabolomic approaches to membranous glomerulonephritis, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, and IgA nephropathy biomarkers. Proteome Sci 2019; 17:7. [PMID: 31889913 PMCID: PMC6925425 DOI: 10.1186/s12953-019-0155-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a global health problem annually affecting millions of people around the world. It is a comprehensive syndrome, and various factors may contribute to its occurrence. In this study, it was attempted to provide an accurate definition of chronic kidney disease; followed by focusing and discussing on molecular pathogenesis, novel diagnosis approaches based on biomarkers, recent effective antigens and new therapeutic procedures related to high-risk chronic kidney disease such as membranous glomerulonephritis, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, and IgA nephropathy, which may lead to end-stage renal diseases. Additionally, a considerable number of metabolites and proteins that have previously been discovered and recommended as potential biomarkers of various CKDs using ‘-omics-’ technologies, proteomics, and metabolomics were reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Taherkhani
- 1Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | | | - Maede Mohseni
- 3Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Massoud Saidijam
- 1Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Afsaneh Arefi Oskouie
- 4Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Krochmal M, Cisek K, Filip S, Markoska K, Orange C, Zoidakis J, Gakiopoulou C, Spasovski G, Mischak H, Delles C, Vlahou A, Jankowski J. Identification of novel molecular signatures of IgA nephropathy through an integrative -omics analysis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9091. [PMID: 28831120 PMCID: PMC5567309 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09393-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most prevalent among primary glomerular diseases worldwide. Although our understanding of IgAN has advanced significantly, its underlying biology and potential drug targets are still unexplored. We investigated a combinatorial approach for the analysis of IgAN-relevant -omics data, aiming at identification of novel molecular signatures of the disease. Nine published urinary proteomics datasets were collected and the reported differentially expressed proteins in IgAN vs. healthy controls were integrated into known biological pathways. Proteins participating in these pathways were subjected to multi-step assessment, including investigation of IgAN transcriptomics datasets (Nephroseq database), their reported protein-protein interactions (STRING database), kidney tissue expression (Human Protein Atlas) and literature mining. Through this process, from an initial dataset of 232 proteins significantly associated with IgAN, 20 pathways were predicted, yielding 657 proteins for further analysis. Step-wise evaluation highlighted 20 proteins of possibly high relevance to IgAN and/or kidney disease. Experimental validation of 3 predicted relevant proteins, adenylyl cyclase-associated protein 1 (CAP1), SHC-transforming protein 1 (SHC1) and prolylcarboxypeptidase (PRCP) was performed by immunostaining of human kidney sections. Collectively, this study presents an integrative procedure for -omics data exploitation, giving rise to biologically relevant results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Krochmal
- Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, Center of Basic Research, Athens, Greece
- RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research, Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Szymon Filip
- Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, Center of Basic Research, Athens, Greece
| | - Katerina Markoska
- Department of Nephrology, Medical Faculty, University of Skopje, Skopje, Macedonia
| | - Clare Orange
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Jerome Zoidakis
- Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, Center of Basic Research, Athens, Greece
| | - Chara Gakiopoulou
- Pathology Department, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Goce Spasovski
- Department of Nephrology, Medical Faculty, University of Skopje, Skopje, Macedonia
| | - Harald Mischak
- Mosaiques Diagnostics GmbH, Hannover, Germany
- University of Glasgow, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, Glasgow, UK
| | - Christian Delles
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, 126 University Place, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK
| | - Antonia Vlahou
- Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, Center of Basic Research, Athens, Greece.
| | - Joachim Jankowski
- RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research, Aachen, Germany.
- University of Maastricht, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht, Netherlands.
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Zeng J, Wen Q, Rong R, Huang F, Yang Q, Tang X, He F, Huang N, Yu X. Vitamin D-Binding Protein Is a Potential Urinary Biomarker of Irbesartan Treatment Response in Patients with IgA Nephropathy. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2016; 20:666-673. [PMID: 27603418 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2016.0070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS The purpose of this study was to identify predictive markers of irbesartan (an angiotensin receptor blocker) treatment response in immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) patients. METHODS Urine samples were collected both before and after irbesartan treatment in IgAN patients and compared with urine from healthy volunteers. The total urinary protein produced in 24 h was measured to determine therapeutic response. The urinary proteome was evaluated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis coupled with MALDI-TOF-MS/MS analysis. Western blotting was used to verify protein expression. A receiver operating characteristic curve was used to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of candidate biomarkers. RESULTS Four differentially expressed proteins were identified as vitamin D-binding proteins (VDPs). Western blot showed that urinary VDPs were significantly elevated in nonresponsive versus responsive IgAN patients. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of urinary VDP as a predictive biomarker of irbesartan nonresponsiveness in IgAN were 65%, 85%, and 75%, respectively. CONCLUSION Our results revealed that urinary VDP might be a useful biomarker for predicting irbesartan treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiashun Zeng
- 1 Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou, People's Republic of China .,2 Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Ministry of Health , Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiong Wen
- 1 Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou, People's Republic of China .,2 Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Ministry of Health , Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Rong
- 1 Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou, People's Republic of China .,2 Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Ministry of Health , Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengxian Huang
- 1 Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou, People's Republic of China .,2 Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Ministry of Health , Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiongqiong Yang
- 1 Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou, People's Republic of China .,2 Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Ministry of Health , Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueqing Tang
- 1 Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou, People's Republic of China .,2 Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Ministry of Health , Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng He
- 1 Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou, People's Republic of China .,2 Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Ministry of Health , Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Naya Huang
- 1 Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou, People's Republic of China .,2 Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Ministry of Health , Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueqing Yu
- 1 Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou, People's Republic of China .,2 Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Ministry of Health , Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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L'Imperio V, Smith A, Chinello C, Pagni F, Magni F. Proteomics and glomerulonephritis: A complementary approach in renal pathology for the identification of chronic kidney disease related markers. Proteomics Clin Appl 2016; 10:371-83. [DOI: 10.1002/prca.201500075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Revised: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrew Smith
- Department of Health Sciences; University Milan Bicocca; Monza Italy
| | - Clizia Chinello
- Department of Health Sciences; University Milan Bicocca; Monza Italy
| | - Fabio Pagni
- Department of Pathology; University Milan Bicocca; Monza Italy
| | - Fulvio Magni
- Department of Health Sciences; University Milan Bicocca; Monza Italy
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Jiang S, Wang Y, Liu Z. The application of urinary proteomics for the detection of biomarkers of kidney diseases. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2015; 845:151-65. [PMID: 25355578 DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-9523-4_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Urine is a biological material that can be easily obtained in the clinic. The identification of proteins excreted in urine provides useful biological information about the kidney as well as a unique opportunity to examine physiological and pathological changes in the kidney in a noninvasive manner. Recent technological advances in urinary proteomic profiling have provided the foundation for a number of urinary proteomic studies directed at identifying markers of kidney disease diagnosis, prognosis, or responsiveness to therapy. In this review, we describe the strengths of different urinary proteomic methods for the discovery of potential biomarkers of kidney diseases. We also highlight the limitations and future goals of these approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Jiang
- National Kidney Disease Clinical Research Center, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Segawa T, Nomura KH, Villanueva SYAM, Saito M, Nomura K, Gloriani NG, Yoshida SI. Identification of leptospiral 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase released in the urine of infected hamsters. BMC Microbiol 2014; 14:132. [PMID: 24884439 PMCID: PMC4036750 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2180-14-132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2013] [Accepted: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Leptospirosis is a global zoonosis caused by pathogenic Leptospira. The non-specific clinical signs and symptoms of leptospirosis lead to its misdiagnosis. To date, there is still no reliable rapid test kit that can accurately diagnose leptospirosis at bedside or in field. In this research, with the ultimate goal of formulating a rapid and accurate diagnostic tool for leptospirosis, we aimed to identify leptospiral proteins excreted in urine of infected hamsters, which are thought to mimic Weil’s disease. Results Hamsters were subcutaneously infected with leptospires, and the general attributes of urine as well as the proteins excreted in it were examined. Some leptospiral proteins were found to be excreted in the urine from the early phase of infection. The most important finding of this study was the detection of the lipid-metabolizing enzyme, 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (HADH), before the onset of illness, when leptospires were not yet detected in the urine of infected hamsters. Conclusions This is the first report on the detection of leptospiral HADH in the host urine, which may be a possible candidate leptospiral antigen that can be used in the early diagnosis of human and animal leptospirosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaya Segawa
- Department of Bacteriology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
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Abstract
Our understanding of the pathogenesis of most primary glomerular diseases, including IgA nephropathy, membranous nephropathy and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, is limited. Advances in molecular technology now permit genome-wide, high-throughput characterization of genes and gene products from biological samples. Comprehensive examinations of the genome, transcriptome, proteome and metabolome (collectively known as omics analyses), have been applied to the study of IgA nephropathy, membranous nephropathy and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in both animal models and human patients. However, most omics studies of primary glomerular diseases, with the exception of large genomic studies, have been limited by inadequate sample sizes and the lack of kidney-specific data sets derived from kidney biopsy samples. Collaborative efforts to develop a standardized approach for prospective recruitment of patients, scheduled monitoring of clinical outcomes, and protocols for sampling of kidney tissues will be instrumental in uncovering the mechanisms that drive these diseases. Integration of molecular data sets with the results of clinical and histopathological studies will ultimately enable these diseases to be characterized in a comprehensive and systematic manner, and is expected to improve the diagnosis and treatment of these diseases.
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The Application of SILAC Mouse in Human Body Fluid Proteomics Analysis Reveals Protein Patterns Associated with IgA Nephropathy. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:275390. [PMID: 23762118 PMCID: PMC3671237 DOI: 10.1155/2013/275390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2012] [Accepted: 04/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Body fluid proteome is the most informative proteome from a medical viewpoint. But the lack of accurate quantitation method for complicated body fluid limited its application in disease research and biomarker discovery. To address this problem, we introduced a novel strategy, in which SILAC-labeled mouse serum was used as internal standard for human serum and urine proteome analysis. The SILAC-labeled mouse serum was mixed with human serum and urine, and multidimensional separation coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (IEF-LC-MS/MS) analysis was performed. The shared peptides between two species were quantified by their SILAC pairs, and the human-only peptides were quantified by mouse peptides with coelution. The comparison for the results from two replicate experiments indicated the high repeatability of our strategy. Then the urine from Immunoglobulin A nephropathy patients treated and untreated was compared by this quantitation strategy. Fifty-three peptides were found to be significantly changed between two groups, including both known diagnostic markers for IgAN and novel candidates, such as Complement C3, Albumin, VDBP, ApoA,1 and IGFBP7. In conclusion, we have developed a practical and accurate quantitation strategy for comparison of complicated human body fluid proteome. The results from such strategy could provide potential disease-related biomarkers for evaluation of treatment.
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Graterol F, Navarro-Muñoz M, Ibernon M, López D, Troya MI, Pérez V, Bonet J, Romero R. Poor histological lesions in IgA nephropathy may be reflected in blood and urine peptide profiling. BMC Nephrol 2013; 14:82. [PMID: 23577616 PMCID: PMC3637490 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2369-14-82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2012] [Accepted: 04/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common primary glomerulonephritis worldwide, leading to renal failure in 15% to 40% of cases. IgAN is diagnosed by renal biopsy, an invasive method that is not risk-free. We used blood and urine peptide profiles as a noninvasive method of linking IgAN-associated changes with histological lesions by Oxford classification. Methods We prospectively studied 19 patients with biopsy-proven IgAN and 14 healthy subjects from 2006 to 2009, excluding subjects with crescentic glomerulonephritis and collecting clinical and biochemical data at the time of diagnosis and during follow-up (24 months). Histological lesions were evaluated by Oxford classification. Proteomic analysis was performed by combining magnetic bead (MB) technology and mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) to obtain peptide profiles. Doubling of serum creatinine was considered a variable of poor renal prognosis. Results We identified 55 peptides—13 in serum, 26 in plasma, and 16 in urine—that differentiated IgAN patients from healthy subjects. A significant association was noted between serum/plasma and urine peptides and histological findings—ie, tubulointerstitial damage, segmental glomerulosclerosis, and endocapillary injury. We also identified 3 peptides—corresponding to bradykinin, uromodulin, and alpha-1-antitrypsin—that were associated with severity of lesions, such as tubulointerstitial damage and segmental glomerulosclerosis. Moreover, blood peptides with m/z 2953, 5337, 9287, and 9289 and urine peptides with m/z 1769, 1898, 1913, 1945, 2491, 2756, 2977, 3004, 3389, and 4752 correlated significantly with poor renal function. Conclusions In patients with IgAN, the use of noninvasive approaches, such as blood and urine proteomics, can provide valuable information beyond that of standard diagnostic techniques, allowing us to identify blood and urine peptide profiles that are associated with poor histological lesions in IgAN patients.
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Surin B, Sachon E, Rougier JP, Steverlynck C, Garreau C, Lelongt B, Ronco P, Piedagnel R. LG3 fragment of endorepellin is a possible biomarker of severity in IgA nephropathy. Proteomics 2012; 13:142-52. [PMID: 23161552 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201200267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2012] [Revised: 09/11/2012] [Accepted: 09/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
IgA nephropathy (IgAN), the most common primary glomerulonephritis, is characterized by deposition of IgA in the glomerular mesangium. The diagnosis of IgAN still requires a kidney biopsy that cannot easily be repeated in the same patient during follow-up. Therefore, identification of noninvasive urinary biomarkers would be very useful for monitoring patients with IgAN. We first used bidimensional electrophoresis (2DE) coupled to MALDI-TOF-TOF and Western blot to identify some urinary biomarkers associated with IgAN. Urine of IgAN patients showed an increase of albumin fragments, α-1-antitrypsin and α-1-β-glycoprotein, along with a decrease of a single spot that was identified as the laminin G-like 3 (LG3) fragment of endorepellin. The urinary proteomes of 43 IgAN patients were compared to those of 30 healthy individuals by ELISA. Quantification of LG3 confirmed a significant decrease in the urine of IgAN patients compared to healthy controls, except in ten patients in whom LG3 was increased. These ten patients had a more severe disease with lower glomerular filtration rate values. We found a significant inverse correlation between LG3 levels and glomerular filtration rate in the 43 patients with IgAN, which was not observed in 65 patients with other glomerular diseases including membranous nephropathy (23), lupus nephropathy (13), focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (15), diabetic nephropathy (14), and six patients with nonglomerular diseases. Therefore, we suggest that the LG3 fragment of endorepellin could be associated with IgAN severity and might be related to pathogenesis of IgAN.
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He W, Huang C, Luo G, Prà ID, Feng J, Chen W, Ma L, Wang Y, Chen X, Tan J, Zhang X, Armato U, Wu J. A stable panel comprising 18 urinary proteins in the human healthy population. Proteomics 2012; 12:1059-72. [PMID: 22522811 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201100400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Weifeng He
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics; State Key Laboratory of Trauma; Burns and Combined Injury; Institute of Burn Research; Southwest Hospital; Third Military Medical University; Chongqing; China
| | - Chibing Huang
- Department of Urology; Xinqiao Hospital; The Third Military Medical University; Chongqing; China
| | - Gaoxing Luo
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics; State Key Laboratory of Trauma; Burns and Combined Injury; Institute of Burn Research; Southwest Hospital; Third Military Medical University; Chongqing; China
| | - Ilaria Dal Prà
- Histology & Embryology Section; Department of Life & Reproduction Sciences; University of Verona; Verona; Italy
| | - Jiayu Feng
- Department of Urology; Xinqiao Hospital; The Third Military Medical University; Chongqing; China
| | - Wei Chen
- Agilent Technologies (China); Beijing; China
| | - Li Ma
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics; State Key Laboratory of Trauma; Burns and Combined Injury; Institute of Burn Research; Southwest Hospital; Third Military Medical University; Chongqing; China
| | - Ying Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics; State Key Laboratory of Trauma; Burns and Combined Injury; Institute of Burn Research; Southwest Hospital; Third Military Medical University; Chongqing; China
| | - Xiwei Chen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics; State Key Laboratory of Trauma; Burns and Combined Injury; Institute of Burn Research; Southwest Hospital; Third Military Medical University; Chongqing; China
| | - Jiangling Tan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics; State Key Laboratory of Trauma; Burns and Combined Injury; Institute of Burn Research; Southwest Hospital; Third Military Medical University; Chongqing; China
| | - Xiaorong Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics; State Key Laboratory of Trauma; Burns and Combined Injury; Institute of Burn Research; Southwest Hospital; Third Military Medical University; Chongqing; China
| | - Ubaldo Armato
- Histology & Embryology Section; Department of Life & Reproduction Sciences; University of Verona; Verona; Italy
| | - Jun Wu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics; State Key Laboratory of Trauma; Burns and Combined Injury; Institute of Burn Research; Southwest Hospital; Third Military Medical University; Chongqing; China
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Navarro-Muñoz M, Ibernon M, Bonet J, Pérez V, Pastor MC, Bayés B, Casado-Vela J, Navarro M, Ara J, Espinal A, Fluvià L, Serra A, López D, Romero R. Uromodulin and α(1)-antitrypsin urinary peptide analysis to differentiate glomerular kidney diseases. Kidney Blood Press Res 2012; 35:314-25. [PMID: 22399069 DOI: 10.1159/000335383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2011] [Accepted: 11/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Glomerular kidney disease (GKD) is suspected in patients based on proteinuria, but its diagnosis relies primarily on renal biopsy. We used urine peptide profiling as a noninvasive means to link GKD-associated changes to each glomerular entity. METHODS Urinary peptide profiles of 60 biopsy-proven glomerular patients and 14 controls were analyzed by combining magnetic bead peptide enrichment, MALDI-TOF MS analysis, and ClinProTools v2.0 to select differential peptides. Tentative identification of the differential peptides was carried out by HPLC-MS/MS. RESULTS The HPLC-MS/MS results suggest that uromodulin (UMOD; m/z: 1682, 1898 and 1913) and α(1)-antitrypsin (A1AT; m/z: 1945, 2392 and 2505) are differentially expressed urinary peptides that distinguish between GKD patients and healthy subjects. Low UMOD and high A1AT peptide abundance was observed in 80-92% of patients with GKD. Proliferative forms of GKD were distinguished from nonproliferative forms, based on a combination of UMOD and A1AT peptides. Nonproliferative forms correlated with higher A1AT peptide levels - focal segmental glomerulosclerosis was linked more closely to high levels of the m/z 1945 peptide than minimal change disease. CONCLUSION We describe a workflow - urinary peptide profiling coupled with histological findings - that can be used to distinguish GKD accurately and noninvasively, particularly its nonproliferative forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maribel Navarro-Muñoz
- Department of Nephrology, Germans Trias i Pujol Hospital, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Esfera UAB, Badalona, Spain
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Kaneshiro N, Xiang Y, Nagai K, Kurokawa MS, Okamoto K, Arito M, Masuko K, Yudoh K, Yasuda T, Suematsu N, Kimura K, Kato T. Comprehensive analysis of short peptides in sera from patients with IgA nephropathy. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2009; 23:3720-3728. [PMID: 19902551 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.4315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We analyzed serum short peptides comprehensively to know whether they were useful to characterize IgA nephropathy (IgAN). Serum samples from 26 patients with untreated IgAN and 25 healthy donors were tested. Short peptides with molecular weights of approximately 7 kDa, purified from the serum samples by magnetic-beads-based weak cation exchange, were detected by mass spectrometry. Then the peptide peaks detected were subjected to the multivariate data analysis by SIMCA-P+ containing principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial-least-squares-discriminate analysis (OPLS-DA). A total of 92 peptide peaks were detected in the tested serum samples. The OPLS-DA analysis revealed that the profile of all the peptide peak intensities discriminated the IgAN group and the healthy group completely with a high R2 value (0.919) and a high Q2 value (0.861). Further, the profile of only five peptide peaks was found to discriminate the two groups. By tandem mass spectrometry and database searching, three of the five peptides which increased in the IgAN group were identified as fragments of fibrinogen alpha chain, and the two peptides which increased in the healthy group were identified as fragments of complement C3f and kininogen-1 light chain. Taken together, the profile of the serum short peptides would be useful to discriminate IgAN and healthy conditions. Further, the five peptides may be candidate serum markers for IgAN and may be related to pathogenesis of IgA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagayuki Kaneshiro
- Clinical Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, St. Marianna University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
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Taneja S, Sen S, Gupta VK, Aggarwal R, Jameel S. Plasma and urine biomarkers in acute viral hepatitis E. Proteome Sci 2009; 7:39. [PMID: 19860894 PMCID: PMC2773234 DOI: 10.1186/1477-5956-7-39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2009] [Accepted: 10/27/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatitis E, caused by the hepatitis E virus (HEV), is endemic to developing countries where it manifests as waterborne outbreaks and sporadic cases. Though generally self-limited with a low mortality rate, some cases progress to fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) with high mortality. With no identified predictive or diagnostic markers, the events leading to disease exacerbation are not known. Our aim is to use proteomic tools to identify biomarkers of acute and fulminant hepatitis E. Results We analyzed proteins in the plasma and urine of hepatitis E patients and healthy controls by two-dimensional Differential Imaging Gel Electrophoresis (DIGE) and mass spectrometry, and identified over 30 proteins to be differentially expressed during acute hepatitis E. The levels of one plasma protein, transthyretin, and one urine protein, alpha-1-microglobulin (α1m), were then quantitated by enzyme immunoassay (EIA) in clinical samples from a larger group of patients and controls. The results showed decreased plasma transthyretin levels (p < 0.005) and increased urine α1m levels (p < 0.001) in acute hepatitis E patients, compared to healthy controls. Preliminary results also showed lower urine zinc alpha glycoprotein levels in fulminant hepatitis E compared to acute disease; this remains to be confirmed with more fulminant cases. Conclusion Our results demonstrate the utility of characterizing plasma and urine proteomes for signatures of the host response to HEV infection. We predict that plasma transthyretin and urine α1m could be reliable biomarkers of acute hepatitis E. Besides the utility of this approach to biomarker discovery, proteome-level changes in human biofluids would also guide towards a better understanding of host-virus interaction and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikha Taneja
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
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Vilasi A, Cutillas PR, Unwin RJ. Application of proteomic techniques to the study of urine and renal tissue. Proteomics Clin Appl 2008; 2:1564-74. [DOI: 10.1002/prca.200800035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2008] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Mataija-Botelho D, Murphy P, Pinto DM, Maclellan DL, Langlois C, Doucette AA. A qualitative proteome investigation of the sediment portion of human urine: Implications in the biomarker discovery process. Proteomics Clin Appl 2008; 3:95-105. [PMID: 21136939 DOI: 10.1002/prca.200800019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2008] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Inherent to the biomarker discovery process is a comparative analysis of physiological states. It is therefore critical that the proteome detection protocol does not bias the analysis. With urine, the sediment portion, obtained upon thawing frozen urine, is routinely discarded prior to proteome analysis. However, our results demonstrate that such a practice inadvertently induces bias, having significant implications in the biomarker discovery process. We present the first proteome investigation of human urinary sediments, identifying 60 proteins in this phase by MS. Many sediment proteins were also detected in the urinary supernatant, indicating that several proteins partition between the two phases. This partitioning is dependant on the pH of the sample, as well as the degree of sample agitation. As a consequence of discarding the sediment portion of urine, the concentration of potential candidate biomarkers in the supernatant phase will be altered or, in other instances, may be completely removed from the sample. To minimize this, the pH of all samples should first be normalized, and the samples vigorously vortexed prior to discarding the sediments. For more comprehensive biomarker investigations, we suggest that urinary sediments be analyzed along with the supernatant proteins.
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Thongboonkerd V. Biomarker discovery in glomerular diseases using urinary proteomics. Proteomics Clin Appl 2008; 2:1413-21. [DOI: 10.1002/prca.200800036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2008] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Wang Y, Chen Y, Zhang Y, Wu S, Ma S, Hu S, Zhang L, Shao C, Li M, Gao Y. Differential ConA-enriched urinary proteome in rat experimental glomerular diseases. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2008; 371:385-90. [PMID: 18440303 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.04.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2008] [Accepted: 04/15/2008] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Glomerular diseases are leading causes of end-stage renal diseases worldwide. They are considered to be consequences of injury primarily to the three types of glomerular cells. Differential diagnosis typically relies on invasive biopsy findings. We expected that injuries of different glomerular cells would cause different changes in urinary proteome. The goal of this study was to identify differential urinary proteins distinguishing between injuries of different glomerular cells before significant histopathologic changes. Adriamycin nephropathy and Thy1.1 glomerulonephritis were employed as models with different primary impaired cells. ConA-enriched urinary glycoproteome on day3 were profiled by gel-free shotgun tandem mass spectrometry, and compared with self-healthy controls to identify differential urinary proteins for each model. By comparing the changes of the differential proteins between these two models, we identified 39 proteins with different directions of changes, which may potentially be useful in differentiation; and 7 proteins with the same direction of changes, which may be potential indicators of early renal damage. These differential proteins were of several origins: plasma proteins, proteins with urine or kidney specificity, proteins without tissue-specificity (mainly inflammatory mediators) etc. Our results may help better understand the effects of injuries of different glomerular cells at the initial stage, and lead to the discovery of novel early diagnostic markers for human focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) and mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis (MsPGN) which have the same primary impaired cells with adriamycin nephropathy and Thy1.1 glomerulonephritis, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 5 Dongdan Santiao, Beijing 100005, China
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Rocchetti MT, Centra M, Papale M, Bortone G, Palermo C, Centonze D, Ranieri E, Di Paolo S, Gesualdo L. Urine protein profile of IgA nephropathy patients may predict the response to ACE-inhibitor therapy. Proteomics 2008; 8:206-16. [PMID: 18095357 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.200700492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
This study was aimed at the search of urinary biomarkers which might help to predict the clinical response of IgA nephropathy (IgAN) patients to angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi). First, we studied the urinary proteome of 18 IgAN patients (toward 20 healthy controls) who had been chronically treated with ACEi by using 2-D PAGE coupled to nano-HPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis. We identified 3 proteins, kininogen (p = 0.02), inter-alpha-trypsin-inhibitor heavy chain 4 (35 kDa fragment) (p = 0.02) and transthyretin (p<0.0001), whose urinary excretion was different in IgAN patients' responders when compared to those who had not responded to ACEi. A reduction of daily proteinuria >50% and a stable renal function over time were used to classify patients as responders. Then, we adopted immunoblotting to confirm the predictive power of one of the above proteins, kininogen, in 20 patients with biopsy-proven IgAN, before starting any therapy. Thus, we confirmed that very low levels of kininogen urine excretion were indeed predictive of an inadequate or absent clinical response to ACEi therapy of IgAN patients, after 6-month follow-up. Concluding, the analysis of urine proteome of IgAN patients generated a set of proteins which distinguished subjects responsive to ACEi from those unresponsive to the inhibition of renin-angiotensin system (RAS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Teresa Rocchetti
- Molecular Medicine Center, Section of Nephrology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Bioagromed, Faculty of Medicine, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto 1, Foggia, Italy
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Thongboonkerd V. Urinary proteomics: towards biomarker discovery, diagnostics and prognostics. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2008; 4:810-5. [DOI: 10.1039/b802534g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Julian BA, Wittke S, Haubitz M, Zürbig P, Schiffer E, McGuire BM, Wyatt RJ, Novak J. Urinary biomarkers of IgA nephropathy and other IgA-associated renal diseases. World J Urol 2007; 25:467-76. [PMID: 17619884 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-007-0192-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2007] [Accepted: 06/05/2007] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
IgA nephropathy is the most common primary glomerulonephritis and is a frequent cause for chronic kidney disease in children and young adults. Glomerular deposition of IgA also characterizes other renal disorders, including Henoch-Schoenlein purpura nephritis and immune-complex glomerulonephritis afflicting patients with liver disease due to chronic infection with the hepatitis C virus. Several treatment options are often considered, with the goal to prevent end-stage renal failure. Unfortunately, the diagnosis currently requires an invasive procedure, a renal biopsy. Because of the inherent risks, repetitive renal biopsy is frequently foregone as a means to monitor the clinical course or response to treatment. Recent advances in the analysis of the urinary proteome suggest that the excreted polypeptides include disease-specific patterns. We review recent studies of the various techniques for the identification and validation of such urinary biomarkers of IgA-associated glomerulonephritides. Currently, capillary electrophoresis coupled with mass spectrometry (MS) offers the greatest promise. To date, it seems more likely that disease-specific urinary polypeptide biomarkers are comprised of a panel of several distinct and well-defined peptides rather than a single molecule. Even most patients in clinical remission with normal clinical testing (dipstick urinalysis and quantitative proteinuria) were correctly classified by the pattern of polypeptides identified by capillary electrophoresis coupled with MS. With confirmation and refinement, such urinary testing may provide a tool for the diagnosis and monitoring of patients with IgA-associated renal diseases that is more sensitive than current standard clinical testing and far less risky than renal biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce A Julian
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1530 Third Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
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