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Muhamad Rosli SH, Lau MS, Khalid T, Maarof SK, Jeyabalan S, Sirdar Ali S, Mustafa Khalid N, Md Noh MF, Salleh R, Palaniveloo L, Ahmad MH, Ahmad NI, Ahmad Suhaimi LR, Sharif Z, Abd Rahman N, Ahmad Bustamam RS, Malek R, Teoh BW, Khoo SC, Lim CS, Razali NH, Syed Mohamed AF. Association between dietary 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol esters (3-MCPDE) and renal cancer in Peninsular Malaysia: exposure assessment and matched case-control study. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2023; 40:475-492. [PMID: 36947708 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2023.2183068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
3-Monochloropropane-1,2-diol esters (3-MCPDE) are food contaminants commonly found in refined vegetable oils and fats, which have possible carcinogenic implications in humans. To investigate this clinically, we conducted an occurrence level analysis on eight categories of retail and cooked food commonly consumed in Malaysia. This was used to estimate the daily exposure level, through a questionnaire-based case-control study involving 77 subjects with renal cancer, with 80 matching controls. Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) was calculated using the multiple logistic regression model adjusted for confounding factors. A pooled estimate of total 3-MCPDE intake per day was compared between both groups, to assess exposure and disease outcome. Among the food categories analysed, vegetable fats and oils recorded the highest occurrence levels (mean: 1.91 ± 1.90 mg/kg), significantly more than all other food categories (p < .05). Risk estimation found the Chinese ethnic group to be five times more likely to develop renal cancer compared to Malays (AOR = 5.15, p = .001). However, an inverse association was observed as the 3-MCPDE exposure among the Malays (median: 0.162 ± 0.229 mg/day/person) were found to be significantly higher than the Chinese (p = .001). There was no significant difference (p = .405) in 3-MCPDE intake between the cases (median: 0.115 ± 0.137 mg/day/person) and controls (median: 0.105 ± 0.151 mg/day/person), with no association between high intake of 3-MCPDE and the development of renal cancer (OR = 1.41, 95% CI: 0.5091-2.5553). Thus, there was insufficient clinical evidence to suggest that this contaminant contributes to the development of renal malignancies in humans through dietary consumption. Further research is necessary to support these findings, which could have significant public health ramifications for the improvement of dietary practices and food safety measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Hajar Muhamad Rosli
- Herbal Medicine Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health Ministry of Health Malaysia, Setia Alam, Malaysia
| | - Mei Siu Lau
- Herbal Medicine Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health Ministry of Health Malaysia, Setia Alam, Malaysia
| | - Tasnim Khalid
- Herbal Medicine Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health Ministry of Health Malaysia, Setia Alam, Malaysia
| | - Siti Khuzaimah Maarof
- Herbal Medicine Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health Ministry of Health Malaysia, Setia Alam, Malaysia
| | - Suganthi Jeyabalan
- Herbal Medicine Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health Ministry of Health Malaysia, Setia Alam, Malaysia
| | - Syazwani Sirdar Ali
- Herbal Medicine Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health Ministry of Health Malaysia, Setia Alam, Malaysia
| | - Norhayati Mustafa Khalid
- Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Setia Alam, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Fairulnizal Md Noh
- Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Setia Alam, Malaysia
| | - Ruhaya Salleh
- Centre for Nutrition and Epidemiology Research, Institute of Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Setia Alam, Malaysia
| | - Lalitha Palaniveloo
- Centre for Nutrition and Epidemiology Research, Institute of Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Setia Alam, Malaysia
| | - Mohamad Hasnan Ahmad
- Centre for Nutrition and Epidemiology Research, Institute of Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Setia Alam, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Izzah Ahmad
- Environmental Health Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Setia Alam, Malaysia
| | | | - Zawiyah Sharif
- Food Safety and Quality Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Wilayah Persekutuan, Malaysia
| | - Nurhazwani Abd Rahman
- Food Safety and Quality Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Wilayah Persekutuan, Malaysia
| | - Ros Suzanna Ahmad Bustamam
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Kuala Lumpur Hospital, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Jalan Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Rohan Malek
- Department of Urology, Selayang Hospital, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Lebuhraya Selayang-Kepong, Batu Caves, Malaysia
| | - Boon Wei Teoh
- Department of Urology, Pulau Pinang Hospital, Ministry of Health Malaysia, George Town, Malaysia
| | - Say Chuan Khoo
- Department of Urology, Pulau Pinang Hospital, Ministry of Health Malaysia, George Town, Malaysia
| | - Chun Sen Lim
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Sultan Ismail Hospital, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Huda Razali
- Clinical Research Centre, Sultan Ismail Hospital, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
| | - Ami Fazlin Syed Mohamed
- Herbal Medicine Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health Ministry of Health Malaysia, Setia Alam, Malaysia
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Xu R, Cao YX, Chen YT, Jia YQ. Differential effects of intermittent energy restriction vs. continuous energy restriction combined high-intensity interval training on overweight/obese adults: A randomized controlled trial. Front Nutr 2022; 9:979618. [PMID: 36424927 PMCID: PMC9678932 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.979618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intermittent energy restriction (IER) and continuous energy restriction (CER) are increasingly popular dietary approaches used for weight loss and overall health. These energy restriction protocols combined with exercise on weight loss and other health outcomes could achieve additional effects in a short-term intervention. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effects of a 4-week IER or CER program on weight, blood lipids, and CRF in overweight/obese adults when combined with high-intensity interval training (HIIT). METHODS Forty-eight overweight/obese adults [age: 21.3 ± 2.24 years, body mass index (BMI): 25.86 ± 2.64 kg⋅m-2] were randomly assigned to iER, cER, and normal diet (ND) groups (n = 16 per group), each consisting of a 4-week intervention. All of the groups completed HIIT intervention (3 min at 80% of V̇O2max followed by 3 min at 50% of V̇O2max ), 30 min/training sessions, five sessions per week. iER subjects consumed 30% of energy needs on 2 non-consecutive days/week, and 100% of energy needs on another 5 days; cER subjects consumed 70% of energy needs; and ND subjects consumed 100% of energy needs. Body composition, waist circumference (WC) and hip circumference (HC), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-c), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-c), and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) were measured before and after the intervention. RESULTS Of the total 57 participants who underwent randomization, 48 (84.2%) completed the 4-week intervention. After intervention body composition and body circumference decreased in three groups, but no significant differences between groups. The iER tends to be superior to cER in the reduction of body composition and body circumference. The mean body weight loss was 4.57 kg (95% confidence interval [CI], 4.1-5.0, p < 0.001) in iER and 2.46 kg (95% CI, 4.1-5.0, p < 0.001) in iER. The analyses of BMI, BF%, WC, and HC were consistent with the primary outcome results. In addition, TG, TC, HDL-c, and CRF improved after intervention but without significant changes (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION Both IER and CER could be effective in weight loss and increased CRF when combined with HIIT. However, iER showed greater benefits for body weight, BF%, WC, and HC compared with cER.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Xu
- School of Sports and Health, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, China
- Laboratory of Kinesiology, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, China
| | - You-Xiang Cao
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Ting Chen
- School of Sports and Health, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu-Qi Jia
- School of Sports and Health, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, China
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Busgang SA, Malin AJ, Gennings C. My nutrition index: a method for measuring optimal daily nutrient intake. BMC Nutr 2022; 8:16. [PMID: 35189956 PMCID: PMC8862522 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-022-00497-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 03/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Adequate nutrition is essential for individual and population level health. However, determining adequacy of daily nutrient intake in research studies is often challenging given the unique nutritional needs of individuals. Herein, we examine construct, predictive, criterion, content, and concurrent validity of a dietary analytic tool – My Nutrition Index (MNI) for measuring nutrient intake in relation to personalized daily nutrient intake guidelines. MNI gauges adequacy of an individual’s daily nutrient intake based on his or her unique demographic and lifestyle characteristics. MNI accounts for potential adverse effects of inadequate and excess nutrient consumption. Methods MNI, calculated based on 34 nutrients, provides an overall index score ranging from 0 to 100, with higher scores reflecting a more nutritious diet. We calculated MNI scores for 7154 participants ages 18-65 in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (2007-2014) by using average nutrient intakes from two 24-h dietary recalls. Survey-weighted binary logistic regression models were used to assess associations between MNI scores and obesity, depression, health perceptions, and past or present cardiovascular disease. Results Higher MNI scores were associated with lower prevalence of self-reported cardiovascular disease (OR = 0.69, CI: 0.52, 0.92, p = 0.012), depression (OR = 0.76, CI: 0.65, 0.90, p < 0.001), and obesity (OR = 0.92, CI: 0.87, 0.99, p = 0.016), as well as more favorable health perceptions (OR = 1.24, CI: 1.13, 1.37, p < 0.001). Conclusions MNI provides an individualized approach for measuring adequacy/sufficiency of daily nutrient intake that can validly be employed to assess relationships between nutrition and health outcomes in research studies. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40795-022-00497-9.
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Zanini B, Simonetto A, Bertolotti P, Marullo M, Marconi S, Becchetti C, Gilioli G, Valerio A, Donato F, Ricci C, Castellano M. A new self-administered semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire to estimate nutrient intake among Italian adults: development design and validation process. Nutr Res 2020; 80:18-27. [PMID: 32673962 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2020.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Food Frequency Questionnaires (FFQs) are valuable research tools in nutritional epidemiology. This study aimed to develop and validate a new semi-quantitative FFQ, specifically designed for the Italian population and best fitted for self-administration. During the development process, we adapted to Italian needs the validated FFQ proposed by the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, revising food items, food frequency scale, portion sizes, and time frame. To assess the validity of the proposed FFQ, we compared the estimated daily intake using FFQ with the mean of 3-day food diaries and one 24-hour recall (considered as reference method). The validation process was conducted among a cohort of 51 healthy subjects enrolled in a clinical trial. Four statistical tests were applied on 23 estimated nutrient intakes. Spearman's coefficients ranged from 0.223 (sodium) to 0.748 (alcohol) and were good (≥0.50) and acceptable (0.20-0.49) for 7 and 16 nutrients, respectively. Cross classification showed a good agreement (≥50% in the same tertile or ≤10% in the opposite tertile) for 7 nutrients. The weighted Cohen's kappa values indicated an acceptable outcome (0.20-0.60) for 13 nutrients. Bland Altman plots did not show heteroscedasticity in the error terms, despite the presence of a bias. Our study provided a new Italian semi-quantitative FFQ for self-administration with an acceptable validation level. Its definitive release requires additional refinements and efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Zanini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, Brescia, Italy.
| | - Anna Simonetto
- AgroFood Lab, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine; University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, Brescia, Italy.
| | - Paola Bertolotti
- AgroFood Lab, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine; University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, Brescia, Italy.
| | - Monica Marullo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, Brescia, Italy.
| | - Silvia Marconi
- AgroFood Lab, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine; University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, Brescia, Italy.
| | - Chiara Becchetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, Brescia, Italy.
| | - Gianni Gilioli
- AgroFood Lab, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine; University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, Brescia, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Valerio
- AgroFood Lab, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine; University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, Brescia, Italy.
| | - Francesco Donato
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, Brescia, Italy.
| | - Chiara Ricci
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, Brescia, Italy; Department of Medicine, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Piazzale Spedali Civili 1, Brescia, Italy.
| | - Maurizio Castellano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, Brescia, Italy; Department of Medicine, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Piazzale Spedali Civili 1, Brescia, Italy.
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