Composition of microbial matter in the rumen

Some effects of variation in carbohydrate and nitrogen intakes on the chemical composition of mixed rumen bacteria from young steers

1. Samples of rumen digesta were taken at different times after giving calves various dried forage or hay and cereal diets and mixed bacteria were separated. 2. For calves receiving dried forage only, the carbohydrate content of mixed bacteria varied with time after feeding, reaching a maximum of approximately 140 g/kg dry matter (DM) after 0-5-1h, decreasing to about 60 g/kg DM after 4 h. 3. Replacement of part of the dried forage with glucose to give a similar metabolizable energy intake but approximately half as much nitrogen, produced a similar pattern of change with time after feeding but resulted in a markedly increased maximum bacterial carbohydrate content (approximately 230 g/kg DM). Addition of urea to this diet reduced the bacterial accumulation of carbohydrate to approximately the same level as was found in samples from calves receiving forage only diets. For the forage diets the carbohydrate content fell to 60-100 g/kg DM 4 h after feeding. For the hay and cereal diet the value was 170 g/kg DM at this time. 4. Changes in bacterial carbohydrate content were largely a result of changes in storage polysaccharide (alpha-dextran) content. 5. Crude protein (N X 6-25) and ash contents of mixed bacteria decreased after feeding with all-forage diets, but returned to approximately fasting levels within 4 h. At this time samples from calves receiving dried forage and glucose diets contained less CP and more ash (approximately 450 and 220 g/kg DM respectively) than those from calves given diets of dried forage only (approximately 525 and 180 g/kg DM respectively). 6. CP, total carbohydrate and ash content of mixed rumen bacteria contributed approximately 0-80 g/g DM. 7. Sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium and phosphate accounted for approximately 0-50 g/g bacterial ash.