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The effect of ammonia treatment on the intake of straw and hay when offered with rations of concentrates to ewes in late pregnancy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1017/s0003356100031895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACTFinnish Landrace × Dorset Horn ewes were offered 300, 600 or 900 g fresh weight per day of concentrates and forage ad libitum from day 105 of pregnancy until lambing. Spring barley straw (S) or hay (H) was offered either untreated (U) or following treatment with anhydrous ammonia in an oven (T). Organic matter digestibilities (in vitro) were 0·42, 0·58, 0·42 and 0·60 and nitrogen contents were 7·2, 18·6, 12·0 and 25·0 g/kg dry matter for US, TS, UH and TH respectively. Forage intake did not differ between ewes carrying two or more foetuses but the small number of ewes carrying one foetus ate more straw (6·8 v. 4·5 g organic matter (OM) per kg live weight) than ewes carrying two or more foetuses. Ammonia treatment increased intake; the increase was larger on straw (4·6 v. 100 g OM per kg live weight) than on hay (9·0 v. 10·7 g OM per kg live weight). Replacement rates of forage by concentrates were -0·21, +0·06, -0·48 and +0·08 kg forage per kg concentrates for treatments US, TS, UH and TH respectively; only the value for treatment UH differed significantly from zero. On most treatments forage intake decreased as pregnancy progressed and the declines were greater when treated forages were offered. Concentrate level had a large effect on most aspects of ewe performance. Ewes offered treated forage gained slightly more weight in pregnancy (138 v. 104 g/day), had a slightly smaller decrease in body condition score (-0·54 v. -0·68) between day 105 and lambing but did not have greater lamb birth weights than ewes on untreated forage.
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Borhami BEA, Sundst⊘l F, Harstad OM. Nitrogen Utilization in Sheep when Feeding Either Sodium Hydroxide Treated Straw Plus Urea or Ammonia Treated Straw. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/00015128309435345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Anandan S, Sastry V, Katiyar R, Agrawal D. Processed neem kernel meal as a substitute for peanut meal protein in growing goat diets. Small Rumin Res 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0921-4488(98)00177-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Broudiscou LP, Papon Y, Broudiscou A. Effects of inorganic nitrogen and amino acids on the degradation of ammonia-treated barley straw and proteosynthesis in a continuous culture of rumen microbes. Anim Feed Sci Technol 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0377-8401(98)00239-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Hassen L, Chenost M. Tentative explanation of the abnormally high faecal nitrogen-excretion with poor-quality roughages treated with ammonia. Anim Feed Sci Technol 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/0377-8401(92)90073-f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Mason V, Cook J, Cooper E, Hoadley C, Cockburn J. Oven and stack ammoniation of grass hays. 2. Voluntary intake, digestibility and faecal nitrogen excretion in sheep in relation to hay composition. Anim Feed Sci Technol 1989. [DOI: 10.1016/0377-8401(89)90152-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Effect of ammoniation and energy supplementation on the utilization of wheat straw by sheep. Anim Feed Sci Technol 1989. [DOI: 10.1016/0377-8401(89)90074-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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A comparison between degradation in vitro and in sacco of constituents of untreated and ammoniatreated barley straw. Anim Feed Sci Technol 1984. [DOI: 10.1016/0377-8401(84)90009-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Møller PD, Hvelplund T. Nitrogen metabolism in the forestomachs of cows fed ammonia treated barley straw supplemented with increasing amounts of urea or soya bean meal. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR TIERPHYSIOLOGIE, TIERERNAHRUNG UND FUTTERMITTELKUNDE 1982; 48:46-57. [PMID: 6890283 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0396.1982.tb01373.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
ZusammenfassungDer N‐Stoffwechsel in den Vormägen der Kuh nach Fütterung mit Ammoniak behandeltem StrohUntersuchungen über die mikrobielle Proteinsynthese und den Proteinabbau in den Vormägen nach Verabreichung von Ammoniakbehandeltem Gerstenstroh wurden an zwei Kühen mit Pansenfistel und Umleitungskanüle (Re‐Entrant Cannulae) am Duodenum durchgeführt. Das NH3‐behandelte Stroh wurde mit 4% Ammoniak‐Gas behandelt und mit 5% Melasse vermischt und jeweils mit zwei unterschiedlichen Mengen Harnstoff und Sojaschrot verfüttert. Der Stickstoffgehalt der Grundration betrug 1.53% der TM und stieg auf 2.87 beziehungsweise 2.60% N in den Harnstoff‐ und Sojarationen an. Es wurden im Durchschnitt 7.0 kg Trockenmasse pro Kuh und Tag verabreicht. Die scheinbare Verdaulichkeit der organischen Substanz in den Vormägen wurde nicht durch Harnstoff‐ oder Sojazulage beeinflußt und schwankte von 53.3–54.5%.Die mikrobielle Proteinsynthese sowie die Proteinabbaurate in den Vormägen wurde mit Hilfe der Regressionsmethode bestimmt, wobei der im Duodenum enthaltene Nicht‐Ammoniak Stickstoff (NAN) dem im Futter zugelegten Stickstoff gegenübergestellt wird (Abb. 1). Der berechnete Abbau des Harnstoffs betrug 102% welches eine völlige Spaltung des Hamstoffs im Pansen andeutet. Der Abbau von Sojaschroteiweiß in den Vormägen betrug 75%. Die mikrobielle Eiweißsynthese der Harnstoff‐ bzw. Sojarationen betrug im Durchschnitt 29.5 und 29.4 g N pro kg in den Vormägen verdaute org. Substanz. Die Zulage von Harnstoff erhöhte die durchschnittliche NH3‐Konzentration im Pansensaft von 12.5 mg NH3‐N pro 100 ml der mit NH3‐behandelten Grundration auf 36.3 mg NH3‐N durch Harnstoffzulage, ohne die mikrobielle Proteinsynthese zu beeinflussen.Die auf Grundlage der DAPA Konzentration bestimmte mikrobielle Proteinsynthese war nicht mit der der Regressionsmethode bestimmten Proteinsynthese in Übereinstimmung (Tabelle 7).Vom Nicht‐Ammoniak Stickstoff am Duodenum betrug der Aminosäurenanteil durch‐schnittlich 58%.
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