1
|
Berutti E, Pasqualini D, Scotti N, Mandras N, Roana J, Carpegna G, Palopoli P, Alovisi M. Confocal laser scanning evaluation of the influence of ledges on root canal disinfection. AUST ENDOD J 2024. [PMID: 38946230 DOI: 10.1111/aej.12871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
The aim was to analyse the influence of an apical ledge on root canal disinfection. Forty-four single-rooted teeth were micro-CT scanned and inoculated with Enterococcus faecalis. In Group S shaping was performed with ProTaper Next (PTN) up to X3 at working length (WL). In Group L an apical ledge was created with K-Files #40 and shaping completed up to PTN X3. NaOCl 5% and EDTA 10% irrigant solutions were alternated. Confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) and viability staining were used to analyse the proportions of dead (red) and live (green) bacteria and penetration ability inside dentinal tubules. Data were analysed with the Mann-Whitney test with Bonferroni correction (p < 0.05). In Group L the amount of red fluorescence resulted significantly lower, and penetration ability was decreased in the apical and middle portion (p < 0.05). The presence of an apical ledge may negatively influence the disinfection both in the apical and middle third.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elio Berutti
- Department of Surgical Science, CIR-Dental School, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Damiano Pasqualini
- Department of Surgical Science, CIR-Dental School, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Nicola Scotti
- Department of Surgical Science, CIR-Dental School, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Narcisa Mandras
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Janira Roana
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Giorgia Carpegna
- Department of Surgical Science, CIR-Dental School, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Pietro Palopoli
- Department of Surgical Science, CIR-Dental School, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Mario Alovisi
- Department of Surgical Science, CIR-Dental School, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Berutti E, Moccia E, Lavino S, Multari S, Carpegna G, Scotti N, Pasqualini D, Alovisi M. Micro-Computed Tomography Evaluation of Minimally Invasive Shaping Systems in Mandibular First Molars. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11154607. [PMID: 35956222 PMCID: PMC9370045 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11154607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the shaping ability of a modified ProTaper Next technique (PTNm) with that of TruNatomy (TN) in lower molars mesial curved canals using micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT). Sixty mesial canals of first mandibular molars were randomly assigned between two groups (n = 30). After canal scouting with K-File #10, glide path and shaping were carried out with TN or PTNm systems. The PTNm sequence consists of ProGlider, followed by ProTaper Next X1 and apical finishing with NiTiFlex #25 up to working length (WL) to ensure adequate apical cleaning. Samples were scanned using micro-CT and pre- and post-shaping volumes were matched to analyse geometric parameters: the volume of removed dentin; the difference of canal surface; centroid shift, minimum and maximum root canal diameters; cross-sectional areas; the ratio of diameter ratios (RDR) and the ratio of cross-sectional areas (RA). Measurements were assessed 2 mm from the apex and in relation to the middle and coronal root canal thirds. Data were analysed using ANOVA (p < 0.05). No statistically significant differences were found between the groups for any parameter at each level of analysis, except for RA at the coronal level (p = 0.037). The PTNm system showed the tendency to enlarge more in the coronal portion with a lower centroid shift at apical level compared with TN sequence (p > 0.05). Both PTNm and TN sequences demonstrated similar maintenance of original anatomy during the shaping of lower molar mesial curved canals.
Collapse
|
3
|
Alimadadi H, Asnaashari M, Naseri M, Yadegari Z. Effect of Apical Size and Taper on the Efficacy of Root Canal Disinfection With LED Photodynamic Therapy as an Adjunct to Irrigation With Sodium Hypochlorite. J Lasers Med Sci 2021; 12:e58. [PMID: 35155143 PMCID: PMC8837831 DOI: 10.34172/jlms.2021.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: This study assessed the effect of apical size and taper on the efficacy of root canal disinfection with LED photodynamic therapy (PDT) as an adjunct to irrigation with sodium hypochlorite. Methods: A total of 126 extracted human mandibular molars were divided into 4 groups. The mesiobuccal canal was prepared to size 25/4% in group 1, 25/6% in group 2, 30/4% in group 3, and 30/6% in group 4 using the iRaCe rotary system. A 21-day Enterococcus faecalis biofilm was prepared and used for inoculation of the canals. Each group was randomly divided into 3 subgroups for canal disinfection with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite, sodium hypochlorite plus LED PDT and saline (positive control). Samples from the root canals were obtained with rotary files and cultured. Microbiologic data were analyzed using the Poisson regression test. Results: The bacterial count significantly decreased following disinfection with sodium hypochlorite with/without PDT in all sizes and tapers of preparation compared with the control group (P<0.05). Increasing the apical taper or apical size and the use of PDT as an adjunct did not have a significant effect on the reduction of the bacterial count (P>0.05). However, the apical size and PDT had a significant effect on the number of residual bacteria (P<0.05), and increasing the apical size and conduction of PDT significantly decreased the number of residual bacteria. Conclusion: The apical size and taper and the use of PDT as an adjunct did not have a significant effect on the reduction of the bacterial count. However, increasing the apical size and conduction of PDT as an adjunct to sodium hypochlorite irrigation significantly decreased the number of residual bacteria in the root canal system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hoda Alimadadi
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Asnaashari
- Laser Application in Medical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mandana Naseri
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Yadegari
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ghoddusi J, Arian E, Golmohammadi M, Gharechahi M, Moushekhian S. Intratubular Enterococcus faecalis viability assessment following root canal instrumentation with rotary and reciprocating systems via fluorescence microscopy. J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects 2021; 14:214-217. [PMID: 33575009 PMCID: PMC7867686 DOI: 10.34172/joddd.2020.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. The present in vitro study aimed to compare the effectiveness of the WaveOne and ProTaper Gold systems in removing the Enterococcus faecalis biofilm.
Methods. Thirty-eight mandibular premolars were selected. The root canals were assigned to standard control (canals serially enlarged with ProTaper Gold S1-S2-F1-F2, n=15) and experimental (canals enlarged with Primary WaveOne file, n=15) groups. Following the instrumentation procedure, the root canals underwent a sampling procedure, and the colonyforming unit (CFU) counts were determined. The samples were also evaluated under a fluorescent microscope to evaluate viable bacteria. The data were analyzed using independent samples t test and paired samples t test.
Results. The results showed that, compared with the ProTaper group, the WaveOne group exhibited the least viable bacteria (P =0.004).
Conclusion. It was concluded that comparison with the ProTaper Gold rotary system, the WaveOne reciprocating file is more successful in reducing intratubular viable bacteria counts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jamileh Ghoddusi
- Dental Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS), Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ehsan Arian
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maryam Golmohammadi
- Department of Endodontics, Khorasan Shomali University of Medical Sciences, Bojnord, Iran
| | - Maryam Gharechahi
- Dental Materials Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS), Mashhad, Iran
| | - Siavash Moushekhian
- Dental Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS), Mashhad, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Fernandes KGC, Silva BBD, Boer NC, Mandarini DR, Moreti LCT, Kato AS, Bueno CEDS, Limoeiro AGDS, Pinheiro SL, Martin ASD, Fontana CE. The Effectiveness of Three Irrigation Systems in the Enterococcus faecalis Reduction after Instrumentation with a Reciprocating Instrument. Eur J Dent 2020; 14:539-543. [PMID: 32898871 PMCID: PMC7535969 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1714760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of three irrigation systems: EndoActivator, passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI), and Easy Clean in the reduction of Enterococcus faecalis, after instrumentation with the reciprocating system, through microbiological collection and culture method. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 60 extracted human lower premolars were used and standardized at 16 mm in length. The teeth were accessed, contaminated with E. faecalis, and incubated for 21 days at 37°C. Initial collections (S1) were made with an absorbent paper cone to confirm the contamination; subsequently, instrumentation was performed with WaveOne Primary. The teeth were divided into four groups according to the final irrigation protocol (n = 15): group 1. EndoActivator; group 2, PUI; group 3, Easy Clean; and group 4, control group irrigated with saline solution sterile and without agitation. In the final irrigation, the agitation of the 17% ethylene amine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA) solutions was used, then 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl); in both for this, three cycles of 20 seconds each. After the chemical-mechanical preparation and agitation of the irrigating solutions, the final collections (S2) for counting the colony-forming units (CFU/mL) occurred. RESULTS The Kruskal-Wallis test revealed that all the agitation systems reduced by 100% and the control group by 65.7%. CONCLUSION The control group presented a significantly higher amount of CFU/mL after the chemical-mechanical preparation than the other groups, which were similar to each other (p > 0.05).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Augusto Shoji Kato
- Department of Endodontics, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto de Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Sergio Luiz Pinheiro
- Department of Endodontics, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas (PUC-Campinas), Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Sigrist De Martin
- Department of Endodontics, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto de Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos Eduardo Fontana
- Department of Endodontics, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas (PUC-Campinas), Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tüfenkçi P, Yılmaz K. The Effects of Different Endodontic Access Cavity Design and Using XP-endo Finisher on the Reduction of Enterococcus faecalis in the Root Canal System. J Endod 2020; 46:419-424. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2019.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
7
|
Pattern of Disinfection of Root Canal Dentin by Alternated Acid-Base Irrigating Regimen. ScientificWorldJournal 2019; 2019:9219238. [PMID: 30692877 PMCID: PMC6332882 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9219238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To quantify Enterococcus faecalis density in root canal dentin after chemomechanical preparation (CMP) using alternated irrigating regimen. Methodology Root canals (RC) were contaminated with E. faecalis (ATCC 19433) for 3 weeks and evident biofilms were obtained. After initial sampling (S1), the CMP was aided by irrigants: saline solution (control; n=12), a conventional regimen (CR) (group 1; n=12) using 5.25% NaOCl and a final rinse with 17% EDTA, and an alternating regimen (AR) of intercalated use of NaOCl and EDTA (group 2, n=12), followed by a second sampling (S2). After 2 weeks, S3 was obtained. Two roots were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. Each root was divided into cervical, mild, and apical segments and sampling of the superficial (n=90) and deep (n=90) dentin layers was obtained using Gates-Glidden burs. The E. faecalis density (CFU/mg) in log10 was categorized as residual (0 > 0.2), moderate (0.2 ≥ 0.5), or elevated (> 0.5). The prevalence of positive samples in BHI and BHI-A was analyzed by Pearson's chi-square test. The data were normalized by a log10 transformation of CFU and were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey's tests. Results Biofilms were observed only in the control root canal walls. Topographically, the controls and CR showed similar distributions of E. faecalis in the dentin. Microbiologically positive root canals harbored much E. faecalis in the adjacent dentin (p < 0.05). Irrigating saline provided moderate density of E. faecalis in the dentin while CR and AR resulted in a residual density of microorganisms (p < 0.05). Conclusions The Enterococcus faecalis density in dentin was influenced by the irrigating regimen and the microbiological status of the root canal. The CMP aided by the alternating regimen interfered with the recolonization of the root canal and topographic distribution of Enterococcus in root dentin.
Collapse
|
8
|
Morago A, Ruiz‐Linares M, Ferrer‐Luque CM, Baca P, Rodríguez Archilla A, Arias‐Moliz MT. Dentine tubule disinfection by different irrigation protocols. Microsc Res Tech 2019; 82:558-563. [DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Morago
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of DentistryUniversity of Granada Granada Spain
| | - Matilde Ruiz‐Linares
- Department of Stomatology, Faculty of DentistryUniversity of Granada Granada Spain
| | | | - Pilar Baca
- Department of Stomatology, Faculty of DentistryUniversity of Granada Granada Spain
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Siddique R, Nivedhitha MS. Effectiveness of rotary and reciprocating systems on microbial reduction: A systematic review. J Conserv Dent 2019; 22:114-122. [PMID: 31142978 PMCID: PMC6519186 DOI: 10.4103/jcd.jcd_523_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The role of microorganism and their products in the initiation, propagation, and persistence of periradicular periodontitis has been established. One of the major goals of the treatment of infected root canals of teeth with apical periodontitis is to promote maximal reduction in the intracanal bacterial populations. Engine-driven nickel-titanium instruments possess the latest generation of root canal instruments. The possible benefit of rotary instrumentation over other instrumentation techniques regarding cleaning and disinfecting effects would be irrigant warming and/or turbulence caused by the mechanical rotation of instruments. Furthermore, reciprocating instrument has been introduced for root canal preparation. It has been shown that instruments subjected to reciprocation have increased resistance to fatigue and longer usual life when combined with instruments used in continuous rotation motion. The reciprocating system uses single-file instrumentation technique which can shape and clean the canal in a shorter period and together with the lesser amount of antimicrobial agent. Objective: The objective of this study is to compare and evaluate the microbial reduction of rotary and reciprocating systems on microbial reduction. Search Strategy: A search was performed in Electronic databases (i.e., PubMed, Cochrane library, Science direct, Lilac, Sigle) using following search terms alone and in combination by means of PubMed search builder from January 1985 to December 2017. Selection Criteria: Studies were selected if they met the following criteria: In vivo studies comparing rotary and reciprocating system in asymptomatic apical periodontitis patients. Main Results: The results showed that the reciprocating system exerted an almost similar antibacterial effect when compared with the rotary system. Conclusion: The present systematic review does not provide concrete evidence to show increased antibacterial efficacy of reciprocating system as compared to the rotary system. Furthermore, clinical trials are required to evaluate the efficacy of various instrumentation systems in reducing bacteria from the root canal system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Riluwan Siddique
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Malli Sureshbabu Nivedhitha
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Krokidis A, Bonfanti C, Cerutti AC, Barabanti N, Panopoulos P. Rotary versus reciprocating shaping files in bacterial elimination from long oval canals. AUST ENDOD J 2017; 44:240-244. [PMID: 29034579 DOI: 10.1111/aej.12229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A comparison of the abilities of rotary versus reciprocating files to eliminate viable Enterococcus faecalis populations from the long oval root canals of extracted human teeth. Fifty teeth were contaminated and randomly distributed into two groups (n = 25 each): BT-RaCe group and WaveOne group. Two microbial samples were obtained from each tooth before (S1) and after (S2) instrumentation. The CFUs from the S1 and S2 measurements were calculated and compared between the groups. Both groups showed significantly fewer CFUs in the S2 samples (P < 0.001). In the S2 intragroup comparison, BT-RaCe resulted in significantly fewer CFUs than WaveOne (P = 0.010). In the direct comparison between the rotary multiple file shaping system and the reciprocating single-file system, the multiple file system was more efficient at reducing the microbiological load of viable E. faecalis from long oval root canals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Krokidis
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Carlo Bonfanti
- Laboratory of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Antonio C Cerutti
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Nicola Barabanti
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Panos Panopoulos
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Paraskevopoulou MT, Khabbaz MG. Influence of Taper of Root Canal Shape on the Intracanal Bacterial Reduction. Open Dent J 2016; 10:568-574. [PMID: 27857818 PMCID: PMC5093865 DOI: 10.2174/1874210601610010568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2014] [Revised: 09/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Taper is a factor that determines final root canal dimensions and consequently, the space available for the cleaning action of irrigants. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the influence of taper on intracanal bacterial reduction. Methods: Sterilized root canals of 25 mandibular incisors were inoculated with E. faecalis and then divided into two experimental groups and one control group (A= saline, B= NaOCl + EDTA and C= control, not prepared). Groups A and B were prepared to an apical size of #30/0.04, a culture was obtained and then prepared to #30/0.08 and cultured again. Final irrigation sequence was 30 ml of saline for group A and 10 ml of 17% EDTA followed by 10 ml of 2.5% NaOCl and 10 ml of saline for group B. The CFU ml-1 of the pre- and two post-operative samplings were recorded. Values were compared by performing ANOVA and FDR for multiple hypothesis testing. Results: No statistically significant difference between initial CFU ml-1 readings was recorded, whereas significant differences between group A and B at both 4% and 8% tapers were noted. Furthermore, a linear-dependent reduction of CFU ml-1 was recorded in each group from non-instrumented root canals to #30/0.04 and subsequently to #30/0.08. The positive control group shows the expected reduction of bacterial count. Conclusion: Chemomechanical instrumentation was more efficient at reducing E. faecalis when the taper of root canals increased from 4% to 8% and NaOCl plus EDTA led to a greater intracanal bacterial reduction than saline, regardless of the taper achieved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mary Th Paraskevopoulou
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Marouan G Khabbaz
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
|
13
|
Evaluation of Instrumentation Systems in Reducing E. Faecalis from Root Canals: TF Adaptive and ProTaper Next Versus Single File Systems. Int J Artif Organs 2015; 38:161-4. [PMID: 25867700 DOI: 10.5301/ijao.5000397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To compare the effect of the TF Adaptive, ProTaper Next, OneShape, WaveOne, Reciproc, (SAF) on the reduction of E. faecalis in experimentally infected root canals. Materials and Methods 70 human mandibular incisor teeth with straight roots and single root canals were selected for this experiment and the root canals of the selected teeth were infected with E. faecalis. After contamination, all the root canals were randomly divided into 7 groups: control, ProTaper Next, TF Adaptive, SAF, WaveOne, Reciproc, and OneShape. After the irrigation procedures, samples were taken from root canals with paper points and incubated in blood agar plates. The colonies grown on the blood agar were counted and interpreted as colony forming units per milliliter. Results Analysis of results showed that all instrumentation systems were more effective in reducing the number of bacteria than the control ( P<.001). The ProTaper Next, TF Adaptive, WaveOne, Reciproc, and OneShape systems were significantly more effective than the SAF system in reducing E. faecalis within the root canals ( P<.001). Conclusions All instrumentation systems used in this study provided a significant reduction in bacterial populations.
Collapse
|
14
|
Tewari RK, Ali S, Mishra SK, Kumar A, Andrabi SMUN, Zoya A, Alam S. Mechanical reduction of the intracanal Enterococcus faecalis population by Hyflex CM, K3XF, ProTaper Next, and two manual instrument systems: an in vitro comparative study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 7:168-73. [PMID: 25424649 DOI: 10.1111/jicd.12136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM In the present study, the effectiveness of three rotary and two manual nickel titanium instrument systems on mechanical reduction of the intracanal Enterococcus faecalis population was evaluated. METHODS Mandibular premolars with straight roots were selected. Teeth were decoronated and instrumented until 20 K file and irrigated with physiological saline. After sterilization by ethylene oxide gas, root canals were inoculated with Enterococcus faecalis. The specimens were randomly divided into five groups for canal instrumentation: Manual Nitiflex and Hero Shaper nickel titanium files, and rotary Hyflex CM, ProTaper Next, and K3XF nickel titanium files. Intracanal bacterial sampling was done before and after instrumentation. After serial dilution, samples were plated onto the Mitis Salivarius agar. The c.f.u. grown were counted, and log10 transformation was calculated. RESULTS All instrumentation systems significantly reduced the intracanal bacterial population after root canal preparation. ProTaper Next was found to be significantly more effective than Hyflex CM and manual Nitiflex and Hero Shaper. However, ProTaper Next showed no significant difference with K3XF. CONCLUSION Canal instrumentation by all the file systems significantly reduced the intracanal Enterococcus faecalis counts. ProTaper Next was found to be most effective in reducing the number of bacteria than other rotary or hand instruments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajendra K Tewari
- Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Dr Z.A. Dental College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sajid Ali
- Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Dr Z.A. Dental College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Surendra K Mishra
- Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Dr Z.A. Dental College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Dr Z.A. Dental College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Syed Mukhtar-Un-Nisar Andrabi
- Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Dr Z.A. Dental College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Asma Zoya
- Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Dr Z.A. Dental College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sharique Alam
- Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Dr Z.A. Dental College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Neelakantan P, Cheng CQ, Mohanraj R, Sriraman P, Subbarao C, Sharma S. Antibiofilm activity of three irrigation protocols activated by ultrasonic, diode laser or Er:YAG laser in vitro. Int Endod J 2014; 48:602-10. [PMID: 25080240 DOI: 10.1111/iej.12354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the impact of three irrigation protocols, activated by three different methods, on mature biofilms of Enterococcus faecalis in vitro. METHODOLOGY Root canals in 280 single-rooted teeth were instrumented using a rotary Ni-Ti system. Biofilms of E. faecalis were generated based on a previously established protocol. Samples were randomly divided into three experimental (n = 80) and one control (n = 40) group based on the irrigation protocol employed: group 1 (NaOCl + Etidronic acid), 1 : 1 mixture of 6% NaOCl and 18% etidronic acid; group 2 (NaOCl-EDTA), 3% NaOCl followed by 17% EDTA; group 3 (NaOCl-EDTA-NaOCl), 3% NaOCl followed by 17% EDTA and a final flush of 3% NaOCl. Saline served as the control. Samples were further divided into four subgroups (n = 20) based on the activation method: subgroup A, no activation; subgroup B, ultrasonic activation; group C, diode laser; group D, Er:YAG laser. Confocal laser scanning microscopy was used to assess bacterial viability in situ. Root dentine powder was obtained for determining the colony-forming units (CFU mL(-1) ). Data were analysed by appropriate statistical analyses with P = 0.05. RESULTS All experimental irrigation protocols caused complete destruction of the biofilm in the root canal lumen. Within the dentinal tubules, all groups had a significantly higher percentage of dead bacteria than the saline control (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between NaOCl + etidronic acid and NaOCl-EDTA-NaOCl (P > 0.05), whereas both groups brought about more bacterial reduction than NaOCl-EDTA (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between diode laser and Er:YAG laser in any of the groups (P > 0.05). Both diode and Er:YAG laser were more effective than ultrasonic activation and conventional syringe irrigation in reducing E. fecalis biofilms (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The use of NaOCl after or in combination with a chelator caused the greatest reduction of E. faecalis. Diode laser and Er:YAG laser activation were superior to ultrasonics in dentinal tubule disinfection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Neelakantan
- Biofilm Research Cluster, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - C Q Cheng
- Biofilm Research Cluster, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - R Mohanraj
- Biofilm Research Cluster, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - P Sriraman
- Biofilm Research Cluster, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - C Subbarao
- Biofilm Research Cluster, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - S Sharma
- Biofilm Research Cluster, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Minimally invasive endodontics: challenging prevailing paradigms. Br Dent J 2014; 216:347-53. [DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.2014.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
17
|
Özsezer Demiryürek E, Kalyoncuoğlu E, Duran E, Yılmaz Çoban A, Tanrıverdi Çaycı Y. Efficacy of different instrumentation techniques on reducing Enterococcus faecalis infection in experimentally infected root canals. J Dent Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2012.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
|
18
|
Machado MEL, Nabeshima CK, Leonardo MFP, Reis FAS, Britto MLB, Cai S. Influence of reciprocating single‐file and rotary instrumentation on bacterial reduction on infected root canals. Int Endod J 2013; 46:1083-7. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2013] [Accepted: 03/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. E. L. Machado
- Department of Restorative Dentistry School of Dentistry University of São Paulo São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - C. K. Nabeshima
- Department of Restorative Dentistry School of Dentistry University of São Paulo São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - M. F. P. Leonardo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry School of Dentistry University of São Paulo São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - F. A. S. Reis
- Department of Restorative Dentistry School of Dentistry University of São Paulo São Paulo SP Brazil
| | | | - S. Cai
- Derpartment of Microbiology Institute of Biological Science University of São Paulo São Paulo SP Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Basmaci F, Öztan MD, Kiyan M. Ex vivoevaluation of various instrumentation techniques and irrigants in reducingE. faecaliswithin root canals. Int Endod J 2013; 46:823-30. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2012] [Accepted: 01/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. Basmaci
- Department of Endodontics; Near East University; Faculty of Dentistry; Nicosia; Cyprus
| | - M. D. Öztan
- Department of Endodontics; Ankara University; Faculty of Dentistry; Ankara; Turkey
| | - M. Kiyan
- Department of Medical Microbiology; Ankara University; Faculty of Medicine; Ankara; Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Leonardi DP, Haragushiku GA, Tomazinho FSF, Furuse AY, Volpato L, Baratto-Filho F. Undergraduate students introduction to manual and rotary root canal instrumentation. THE BULLETIN OF TOKYO DENTAL COLLEGE 2012; 53:155-9. [PMID: 23124306 DOI: 10.2209/tdcpublication.53.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of undergraduates in their first contact with manual and rotary root canal instrumentation. Forty-two students who had never worked on a root canal before instrumented 42 extracted lower-incisors. Participants were assigned to one of two groups: Rotary instrumentation or manual instrumentation. Pre- and post-operative computed tomography scans were obtained with a 3-dimensional dental imaging system. Starting and finishing times of preparation were recorded. The cross-sectional area of the root canal was analyzed with 2-mm-below-the-apex initial and final transverse images recorded through a digital imaging system and analyzed with software to measure the initial and final area of the root canal in mm(2). Data from the cross-sectional area of the root canal and time spent were subjected to the Mann-Whitney's U-test (p<0.05). The rotary instrumentation group showed smaller time for preparation (p=0.0204). No differences between rotary and manual instrumentation regarding the cross-sectional area of the root canal were observed (p=0.25). No accidents occurred. Undergraduate students showed good performance in their first contact with the manual and rotary instrumentation with regard to time spent and cross-sectional area of the root canal, with no operative accidents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Denise Piotto Leonardi
- Master Program in Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Positivo University, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Canal and Isthmus Debridement Efficacy Using a Sonic Irrigation Technique in a Closed-canal System. J Endod 2012; 38:1265-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2012.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2012] [Revised: 05/22/2012] [Accepted: 05/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
22
|
Aydin C, Inan U, Gultekin M. Comparison of the shaping ability of Twisted Files with ProTaper and RevoS nickel-titanium instruments in simulated canals. J Dent Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2012.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
|
23
|
Peters OA, Bardsley S, Fong J, Pandher G, DiVito E. Disinfection of Root Canals with Photon-initiated Photoacoustic Streaming. J Endod 2011; 37:1008-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2011.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2011] [Revised: 03/21/2011] [Accepted: 03/25/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
24
|
Gorduysus M, Nagas E, Torun OY, Gorduysus O. A comparison of three rotary systems and hand instrumentation technique for the elimination of Enterococcus faecalis from the root canal. AUST ENDOD J 2010; 37:128-33. [PMID: 22117720 DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-4477.2010.00239.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the in vitro reduction of a bacterial population in a root canal by mechanical instrumentation using three rotary systems and hand instrumentation technique. The root canals contaminated with a suspension of Enterococcus faecalis were instrumented using ProTaper, K3, HeroShaper and K-file hand instrumentation technique. Later the root canals were sampled. After serial dilutions, samples were incubated in culture media for 24 h. Bacterial colonies were counted and the results were given as number of colony-forming units per millilitre. The results showed that all the canal instrumentation systems reduced the number of bacterial cells in the root canals. Statistically, ProTaper instruments were more effective in reducing the number of bacteria than the other rotary files or hand instruments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melahat Gorduysus
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
ElAyouti A, Chu AL, Kimionis I, Klein C, Weiger R, Löst C. Efficacy of rotary instruments with greater taper in preparing oval root canals. Int Endod J 2008; 41:1088-92. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2008.01475.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|